SN74HC86NE4
SN74HC86NE4 - Quad 2-Input XOR Gate, 14-PDIP | Texas Instruments
The Texas Instruments SN74HC86NE4 is a quadruple 2-input Exclusive-OR (XOR) gate IC fabricated in high-speed CMOS silicon-gate technology, providing four independent XOR gates in a 14-pin PDIP (plastic DIP) through-hole package. Each of the four gates performs the Boolean function Y = A XOR B in positive logic, with buffered outputs capable of driving 10 LSTTL loads and a wide 2 V to 6 V operating voltage range. The 'NE4' suffix indicates a Pb-free, RoHS-compliant assembly variant of the SN74HC86N, identical electrically but compliant with contemporary lead-free soldering and environmental standards. The device typically exhibits 6 ns propagation delay at 5 V C_load = 50 pF, 5.2 mA output drive strength, and a ±20 µA input leakage at 6 V, suiting it for bus-oriented digital logic designs.
What is an XOR gate? An XOR (Exclusive-OR) gate is a fundamental two-input digital logic primitive whose output is HIGH only when the two inputs differ. Positioned within the broader gates-and-inverters IC category, XOR gates sit alongside AND, OR, NAND, NOR, and INVERTER cells, and are widely deployed in parity generators, comparators, half adders, controlled inverters, and arithmetic logic units. A single HC86 device packs four independent XOR gates into one 14-pin package, saving board area and reducing part count versus discrete implementations.
Key features include balanced CMOS outputs, low input current of ±1 µA maximum, significant power-reduction versus LSTTL equivalents, and an operating temperature range of -40 °C to +85 °C suitable for industrial applications. The HC family also provides high noise immunity (typically 30% of V_CC as the noise margin) and supports fan-out to 10 LSTTL loads, simplifying interface to legacy bipolar logic without level shifters. Clamp diodes on the inputs allow voltages up to 1.5 V above V_CC without damage.
Architecturally, the SN74HC86NE4 uses a silicon-gate CMOS process to deliver HCMOS-equivalent speed at one-fifth the static power of LSTTL. Its TTL-compatible input thresholds (V_IL ≈ 0.9 V at 5 V, V_IH ≈ 3.15 V) allow direct interfacing with legacy bipolar logic without external pull-ups. The four gates are partitioned symmetrically as 1A/1Y, 2A/2Y, 3A/3Y, 4A/4Y to ease PCB routing, and an internal thermal-shutdown feature is absent (CMOS logic is inherently current-limited by design).
Typical applications include parity generation and checking in data communication busses, half and full adder construction for low-bit arithmetic, true/complement control logic for op-amp switching, phase-detector networks in PLL synthesizers, and address decoders in memory systems. Designers also use the HC86 for binary-to-Gray code conversion, which is essential in optical encoders and shaft position decoding.
When designing with this part, ensure unused inputs are tied to V_CC or GND through 1 kΩ pull-down/up resistors rather than left floating to prevent excess current and propagation of noise through the CMOS input stages. Operating above 6 V will damage the device; operating below 2 V disables the internal logic thresholds and produces undefined outputs.
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