PIC18F2550-I/SO
PIC18F2550-I/SO - 8-bit 48MHz USB MCU 32KB Flash 28-SOIC | Microchip
The Microchip PIC18F2550-I/SO is an 8-bit PIC microcontroller (MCU) from the PIC18F family, featuring integrated Full-Speed USB 2.0 (12 Mbit/s), 32 KB of Flash program memory, 2 KB of RAM, and 256 bytes of EEPROM, all housed in a 28-pin SOIC package. The device operates at up to 48 MHz (12 MIPS) from a 4.2 V to 5.5 V supply and is offered in the industrial temperature grade (-40C to +85C) as indicated by the -I suffix.
An 8-bit microcontroller is a single-chip computer that integrates a CPU, program memory, data RAM, peripherals, and I/O on one silicon die. Microcontrollers belong to the broader class of embedded processors and are the foundation of microcomputer systems used in everything from USB peripherals to industrial controllers. The PIC18F family in particular is a high-performance 8-bit architecture with hardware multiply, nanoWatt power management, and C-compiler friendly instruction set, sitting between PIC16 (baseline) and dsPIC (16-bit DSP) families in Microchip's portfolio.
Key features of the PIC18F2550-I/SO include the Full-Speed USB 2.0 transceiver (no external components required for USB connectivity), three serial ports (USB, I2C/SPI up to 10 Mbit/s, and an LIN-capable EUSART), a 10-bit ADC with up to 13 channels, two PWM modules with Capture/Compare, and nanoWatt power-saving modes. The 28-SOIC (Wide SO, 7.5 mm body) package provides robust through-hole-style wave soldering while remaining surface-mount, with a typical 25 programmable I/O pins for off-chip connectivity.
The PIC18F2550 architecture uses a 16-bit-wide instruction word Flash and a Harvard bus with hardware multiplier, achieving 8-bit throughput that competes with low-end ARM Cortex-M0 parts on cost while providing the deterministic single-cycle I/O that the PIC architecture is famous for. The integrated SIE (Serial Interface Engine) handles USB framing in hardware, freeing the core from bit-banging USB and enabling reliable Full-Speed device classes (CDC, vendor, HID, MIDI) without external PHY chips.
Typical applications include USB HID peripherals (custom keyboards, mice, joysticks, game controllers), USB-to-UART bridges, MIDI adapters, low-cost data loggers with USB connectivity, PICkit-style programmers, educational development boards, industrial sensor interfaces with USB diagnostics, and hobbyist/maker projects that need plug-and-play USB on a single chip. The wide SO-28 footprint is breadboard-friendly through an SOIC-to-DIP adapter.
When designing with this device, remember that the integrated USB requires the 48 MHz PLL to be enabled, which constrains the oscillator configuration; many designs use a 20 MHz crystal with the 96 MHz PLL/2 setting. Ensure adequate bulk decoupling (100 nF + 4.7 uF) on VDD and place the D+/D- traces as a 90-ohm differential pair per USB 2.0 specification.
This page synthesizes distributor pricing, pin-compatible drop-in alternatives (including same-package PIC18F2450, PIC18F2553, PIC18F14K50, PIC18F13K50, PIC18F24K50, PIC18F25K50, and PIC18F26K50 considerations where pinout permits), and practical design notes not found in the standalone manufacturer datasheet.
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