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EP2C5F256C6 - Cyclone II FPGA, 4,608 LEs, 158 I/O | Intel
EP2C5F256C6

EP2C5F256C6 - Cyclone II FPGA, 4,608 LEs, 158 I/O | Intel

The Intel EP2C5F256C6 is a member of the Cyclone II family of field-programmable gate arrays (FPGAs) fabricated on a 90 nm low-k dielectric CMOS process, delivering 4,608 logic elements, 119,808 bits of embedded RAM, and 158 user I/O in a 256-ball FineLine BGA package with commercial 0°C to 85°C temperature grade. The Cyclone II architecture pairs look-up-table (LUT)-based logic with embedded M4K memory blocks (total of 26 blocks, each 4,096 bits) and dedicated 18×18 hardware multipliers (13 total) so that common DSP, glue-logic and control-plane tasks can be implemented without external multipliers or SRAM. A field-programmable gate array (FPGA) is a type of programmable logic device (PLD) that contains an array of configurable logic blocks (CLBs), programmable interconnect, and I/O cells. Architecturally FPGAs sit below custom ASICs in NRE cost and time-to-market but above microcontrollers in raw parallelism, making them a preferred choice for prototyping, low-volume production, and high-throughput data-path designs. Cyclone II specifically targets cost-sensitive applications by stripping out transceivers and dedicated hard IP cores (no embedded processors, no high-speed SERDES), trading absolute performance for very low unit cost and Quartus II design-flow compatibility. Key device-level features include 4,608 logic elements arranged as 4-input LUTs, 119,808 bits of user-accessible RAM (typically partitioned into 26 M4K blocks of 4 kbit each), two embedded PLL blocks for clock multiplication and phase shifting, and 158 user I/O supporting LVTTL, LVCMOS, SSTL, and differential I/O standards. The package is a 256-pin FineLine BGA (1.0 mm pitch), with the die designated 'F256' and the speed grade 'C6'. Configuration is supported via active serial (AS), passive serial (PS), and JTAG modes. Typical applications include video processing bridges, industrial motor control and encoder interfaces, low-cost communications line cards, prototype ASIC emulation, USB / video / image consumer peripherals, and glue-logic consolidation on multi-board systems. The combination of 13 hardware multipliers and 26 M4K blocks is well-matched to FIR filters, PID control loops and small FFT pipelines. When designing with this device, plan for a Quartus II design flow and verify the 0°C to 85°C commercial temperature window against your end-product environment; if industrial -40°C to 100°C operation is required, use the 'I' grade variant instead. The 1.0 mm BGA pitch also demands PCB fabrication with microvia or HDI stack-up to escape the inner balls cleanly. This page combines manufacturer specifications, current distributor stock and pricing tiers, and drop-in compatible alternative FPGAs in the same 256-ball BGA - information not assembled in any single source including the official Cyclone II datasheet.

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EP2C5F256C6N - 4,608 LEs Cyclone II FPGA 256-FBGA | Intel / Altera
EP2C5F256C6N

EP2C5F256C6N - 4,608 LEs Cyclone II FPGA 256-FBGA | Intel / Altera

The Intel (formerly Altera) EP2C5F256C6N is a low-cost Cyclone II FPGA with 4,608 logic elements, 119,808 bits of embedded RAM (M4K blocks), 158 user I/Os, and 2 PLLs, packaged in a 256-ball FineLine BGA (FBGA). Built on a 90 nm process, it operates at a core voltage of 1.2 V and supports commercial temperature ranges, providing a cost-optimized programmable-logic platform for high-volume designs. A Field Programmable Gate Array (FPGA) is a semiconductor integrated circuit built around an array of configurable logic blocks (CLBs), programmable interconnects, and dedicated hardened blocks such as block RAM, multipliers, and PLLs. FPGAs sit in the broader taxonomy of programmable logic devices (PLDs) under digital logic ICs, enabling parallel hardware execution that microcontrollers and DSPs cannot match. Cyclone II was Altera's second-generation low-cost family, extending FPGA density up to 68,416 LEs in the family ceiling while keeping unit cost low enough for consumer and industrial volume. Key features of the EP2C5F256C6N include 4,608 logic elements, 119,808 embedded RAM bits (M4K) organized into 26 blocks of 4,608 bits each, two general-purpose PLLs, 158 maximum user I/Os, and a 1.2 V core supply with hot-socketing support. The 256-pin FineLine BGA package measures 17 mm × 17 mm with a 1.0 mm ball pitch, balancing board routability against compact PCB area. Architecturally, Cyclone II uses a 90 nm CMOS process, an SRAM-based configuration cell (volatile, requiring a configuration flash or EPCS device at boot), and embedded M4K memory blocks supporting true dual-port and single-port modes at up to 250 MHz. The device is configured via JTAG or Active Serial using the EPCS series configuration devices. Performance typically reaches 150 MHz internal logic operation, with internal multipliers absent on this density (Cyclone II multipliers start on the EP2C20 and larger). Typical applications include industrial motor control and factory automation, video processing and image-pipeline front ends, consumer electronics requiring custom glue logic, telecommunications line-card glue logic, educational FPGA development boards, and low-cost prototyping platforms. Designers choose the EP2C5F256C6N when they need a low-density, low-cost FPGA with enough I/O to interface to memory buses and parallel peripherals. When designing with this FPGA, plan the configuration memory (an EPCS1/EPCS4 serial flash is recommended) and verify the I/O bank voltage compatibility (LVTTL, LVCMOS, SSTL, HSTL on most banks). The 1.2 V core requires a stable regulator; consider decoupling bulk and ceramic caps within 100 mils of each VCC/VCCINT ball per Altera's cyclone II handbook layout guide. This page synthesizes distributor pricing, same-package Cyclone II alternatives, and practical Quartus II configuration notes that the manufacturer datasheet alone does not surface.

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EP2C5F256C7 - Cyclone II FPGA, 4.6K LEs, 256-FBGA | Intel
EP2C5F256C7

EP2C5F256C7 - Cyclone II FPGA, 4.6K LEs, 256-FBGA | Intel

The Intel (Altera) EP2C5F256C7 is a low-cost, low-power Cyclone II Field Programmable Gate Array delivering 4,608 logic elements, 119,808 RAM bits, and 158 user I/O in a 256-ball FineLine BGA package at speed grade 7 and commercial temperature grade (0C to 85C). Built on a 90nm TSMC process, it operates from a 1.15 V to 1.25 V core supply and includes 13 embedded 18x18 multipliers and two PLLs for clock management. A Field Programmable Gate Array (FPGA) is a semiconductor device containing programmable logic blocks, configurable interconnects, and programmable I/O that engineers can reconfigure after manufacture to implement custom digital logic, glue logic, or full processor cores. FPGAs sit in the broader taxonomy of programmable logic devices (PLDs) -> FPGAs -> low-cost SRAM-based FPGAs -> Cyclone II family, and they are widely used as flexible alternatives to ASICs and microcontrollers for parallel processing, high-speed interfacing, and digital signal processing. Key features of the EP2C5F256C7 include 4,608 logic elements organized into 288 logic array blocks (LABs), 119,808 bits of embedded SRAM distributed across M4K memory blocks, 158 maximum user I/O pins supporting LVDS, LVTTL, PCI, and other single-ended and differential I/O standards, and 13 dedicated 18x18 hardware multipliers that deliver up to approximately 35 GMACs of DSP throughput at 250 MHz. Two PLLs provide zero-delay clock buffering, frequency synthesis, and phase shifting for system clock trees. The architecture is built around 4-input look-up tables (LUTs) feeding into per-LAB carry chains and register chains, with MultiTrack interconnect minimizing routing congestion. The 90nm process keeps typical static current around 35 mA and dynamic power scales with toggle rate, allowing designers to take advantage of Cyclone II's power-aware compiler to gate unused logic and reduce dissipation. Typical applications include industrial motor control and PLC interface boards, video processing pipelines, automotive infotainment prototyping, low-cost software-defined radio front-end signal conditioning, and education/DSP development kits. The 158 I/O also make it a strong fit for parallel bus bridging between legacy microcontrollers and high-speed peripherals. When designing with this part, allocate at least 8 layers in the PCB stack-up for the 256-FBGA breakout, follow Altera's recommended decoupling scheme (100 nF plus 10 uF bulk at each VCCINT/VCCIO region), and use the Quartus II design software for synthesis, place-and-route, and timing closure. This page synthesizes distributor pricing, verified same-brand drop-in alternatives from the Cyclone II family, and practical design notes not aggregated in any single manufacturer datasheet.

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EP2C5F256C7N - Cyclone II FPGA 4,608 LEs 158 I/O FBGA-256 | Intel
EP2C5F256C7N

EP2C5F256C7N - Cyclone II FPGA 4,608 LEs 158 I/O FBGA-256 | Intel

The Intel (formerly Altera) EP2C5F256C7N is a low-cost Cyclone II Field-Programmable Gate Array delivering 4,608 logic elements, 119,808 bits of embedded RAM, and 158 user I/O pins in a 256-ball FineLine BGA package at commercial 0C to +85C temperature grade with -7 speed grade. Built on a 90 nm low-k dielectric CMOS process, the device integrates 13 embedded 18x18 multipliers and a PLL clock network for low-cost DSP and glue-logic applications. A Field-Programmable Gate Array (FPGA) is a semiconductor device built around an array of configurable logic blocks (CLBs), programmable interconnect, and I/O cells that designers can reconfigure after manufacturing to implement arbitrary digital logic, DSP pipelines, or glue logic. FPGAs occupy a tier in the programmable-logic hierarchy between CPLDs (smaller, non-volatile, deterministic timing) and ASICs (largest, lowest unit cost, fixed function); the Cyclone II family specifically targets the low-cost edge of that hierarchy, competing with mid-range microcontrollers and ASSPs on price while delivering hardware-level parallelism. Key features of the EP2C5F256C7N include 4,608 logic elements, 119,808 RAM bits (organized as M4K memory blocks), up to 158 user I/O pins, two PLLs supporting 16 global clock networks, and JTAG-based configuration via the standard Active Serial (AS), Passive Serial (PS), and JTAG modes. The 90 nm process delivers low static and dynamic power, and the device supports hot-socketing and PCI Express hard IP PIPE compatibility for endpoint applications. The Cyclone II architecture uses 4-input look-up tables (LUT4) per logic element, true dual-port M4K memory blocks, and dedicated multiplier blocks capable of 18x18 signed multiplication. The PLL macro supports clock multiplication, division, phase shift, and external feedback for precise system-level clock management. The 256-ball FBGA package provides 158 usable I/O across 8 I/O banks, allowing flexible voltage and clock domain partitioning. Typical applications include industrial motor control, video processing bridges, low-cost DSP front-ends, I/O expansion and protocol bridging, consumer display controllers, and educational/hobbyist development. The combination of low unit cost, mature Quartus II toolchain support, and 158 I/O makes the EP2C5F256C7N a common choice for legacy and cost-sensitive designs. When designing with this device, plan for a 1.2V core supply plus one or more bank I/O supplies (1.5V, 1.8V, 2.5V, or 3.3V). Decoupling must include 0.1 uF and bulk capacitors on every VCC pin, and JTAG chain length must be analyzed if multiple devices are configured in series. Configuration data should be stored in a serial configuration device (EPCS) for standalone boot. This page synthesizes distributor pricing, same-family and cross-brand drop-in alternatives, and practical design notes not found in the manufacturer datasheet.

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EP2C5F256C8 - Cyclone II FPGA 4,608 LEs 256-BGA | Intel / Altera
EP2C5F256C8

EP2C5F256C8 - Cyclone II FPGA 4,608 LEs 256-BGA | Intel / Altera

The Intel / Altera EP2C5F256C8 is a low-cost Cyclone II family Field-Programmable Gate Array (FPGA) built on a 90 nm process, delivering 4,608 logic elements (LEs), 119,808 RAM bits, and 158 user I/O pins in a 256-ball FineLine BGA (FBGA-256) package. Operating at a core voltage of 1.2 V with a maximum clock rate of approximately 320 MHz, it targets cost-sensitive, high-volume digital logic designs that need programmable glue logic, parallel processing, and modest DSP throughput. An FPGA (Field-Programmable Gate Array) is a semiconductor device containing an array of configurable logic blocks (CLBs), embedded memory, I/O cells, and routing interconnects that engineers can program after manufacture using a hardware description language (HDL) such as Verilog or VHDL. FPGAs sit in the programmable logic hierarchy between fixed-function ASICs (high NRE, low unit cost at volume) and microcontrollers (sequential, software-driven). The Cyclone II series specifically targets the low-cost end of the FPGA market, replacing discrete logic ICs and offering more flexibility than CPLDs at price points that approach mid-range microcontrollers. Key features of the EP2C5F256C8 include 4,608 LEs, 119,808 embedded RAM bits organized into M4K memory blocks, 13 embedded 18x18 multipliers for moderate DSP workloads, and four phase-locked loops (PLLs) for clock management. The device supports LVDS, LVTTL, LVCMOS, SSTL-2, and SSTL-18 I/O standards with hot-socketing capability, enabling safe insertion into a powered backplane. Configuration can be loaded from a passive serial (PS) flash, JTAG, or Altera EPCS configuration device. Architecture-wise, the Cyclone II family uses a 90 nm low-k dielectric process and an SRAM-based configuration cell (volatile configuration that must be loaded at every power-up). Logic elements contain a 4-input look-up table (LUT), a programmable register, a carry chain for fast arithmetic, and a dedicated register chain. The MultiTrack interconnect fabric delivers predictable timing closure, and the LAB (Logic Array Block) groups 16 LEs for efficient local routing. Typical applications include industrial motor control, video processing pipelines, low-end software-defined radio (SDR) front ends, education and development kits, communications bridge logic, and consumer electronics glue logic. The 158 user I/O count also makes it suitable for legacy parallel-bus interfacing in factory automation equipment. When designing with the EP2C5F256C8, ensure the Quartus II design tool targets a 'C8' speed grade device and select the FBGA-256 package option. Power supply decoupling requires multiple 0.1 µF and 10 µF ceramic capacitors near each VCCINT and VCCIO pin. The configuration scheme (AS, PS, JTAG) must be selected via MSEL pins at board reset. This page synthesizes Intel / Altera datasheet specs, distributor stock and pricing, drop-in same-package alternatives from the Cyclone II family, and practical design notes not found in the manufacturer datasheet alone.

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EP2C5F256C8N - Cyclone II FPGA, 4.6K LEs, 158 I/O | Altera / Intel
EP2C5F256C8N

EP2C5F256C8N - Cyclone II FPGA, 4.6K LEs, 158 I/O | Altera / Intel

The Altera (now Intel) EP2C5F256C8N is a Cyclone II family Field-Programmable Gate Array (FPGA) delivering 4,608 logic elements, 119,808 bits of embedded RAM, and 158 user I/O pins in a 256-ball FineLine BGA package. It is fabricated on a 1.2 V core, 90 nm low-k process and is speed grade -8 (commercial). A Field-Programmable Gate Array (FPGA) is a type of programmable logic device (PLD) in the broader semiconductor integrated circuit hierarchy (FPGA -> programmable logic -> logic IC -> integrated circuit). FPGAs differ from fixed-function ASICs because their logic fabric, routing, and I/O behavior are configured by the user after manufacture via a hardware description language (HDL) bitstream. The Cyclone II family targets cost-sensitive, low-power applications such as digital signal processing bridging, I/O expansion, and glue-logic replacement. Key features include 4,608 LEs arranged in 288 logic array blocks (LABs), 119,808 bits (approximately 14.6 Kbytes) of M4K embedded memory blocks, 13 embedded 18x18 multipliers, two PLLs for clock management, and 158 maximum user I/O pins. The device supports LVTTL, LVCMOS, SSTL, and LVDS I/O standards with hot-socket insertion capability, enabling robust board-level design. The Cyclone II architecture pairs a four-input look-up table (LUT) LE with efficient carry chains for arithmetic, dedicated memory blocks for FIFO and buffer use, and DSP blocks for multiply-accumulate operations. Configuration is stored in SRAM and loaded from a serial or parallel flash via Altera/Intel Quartus design software, supporting JTAG (IEEE 1149.1) and passive serial modes. Typical applications include industrial motor control, video processing bridges, communication protocol bridging (UART, SPI, I2C, PCIe endpoint soft IP), low-cost DSP front-ends, and embedded display controllers. The 256-ball FineLine BGA also supports designs migrating from legacy Altera Cyclone and Cyclone II designs where pin-compatible higher-density variants are required. When designing with this device, ensure the 1.2 V core rail is decoupled with multiple low-ESR capacitors close to the package and that the JTAG chain is accessible for in-system programming. Heat dissipation is modest due to the 90 nm process, but designers should still respect the JEDEC JESD51 thermal recommendations. This page synthesizes distributor pricing, drop-in compatible pin-compatible alternatives from the same Cyclone II family, and practical design considerations not found in the standalone manufacturer datasheet.

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EP2C5F256I8 - Cyclone II FPGA, 4,608 Logic Elements, 256-FBGA | Intel
EP2C5F256I8

EP2C5F256I8 - Cyclone II FPGA, 4,608 Logic Elements, 256-FBGA | Intel

The Intel (formerly Altera) EP2C5F256I8 is a member of the low-cost Cyclone® II FPGA family, offering 4,608 logic elements, 119,808 RAM bits, and 158 user I/O pins in a 256-ball FineLine BGA (FBGA-256) package. Built on a 1.2V core, 90nm CMOS process, the device targets high-volume, cost-sensitive applications including industrial control, video processing, and communications infrastructure. The 'I8' speed grade denotes an industrial-temperature, 8 ns pin-to-pin delay timing bin suitable for -40 °C to +100 °C operation. A Field Programmable Gate Array (FPGA) is a semiconductor IC whose digital logic function is defined by a customer-supplied configuration bitstream rather than by mask-level fabrication. The FPGA hierarchy is: FPGA → programmable logic device → logic IC → integrated circuit → semiconductor. FPGAs sit between fixed-function ASICs and software-programmable processors, combining hardware parallelism with design-time reconfigurability. Cyclone II specifically is positioned as the low-power, low-cost node below Altera's mid-range Stratix II, replacing the original Cyclone (Cyclone I) family with roughly three times the density. Key features include 4,608 logic elements organized into 288 configurable logic blocks (CLBs), 250 kbit of embedded RAM in the form of M4K blocks (totaling 119,808 RAM bits), up to 158 maximum user I/O pins, embedded 18×18 multipliers for DSP, and a 4-phase PLL clock network per device. Configuration is supported via active serial (AS), passive serial (PS), fast passive parallel (FPP), or JTAG modes, allowing flexible boot from EPCS configuration memories. The 'I8' bin keeps maximum core clock and I/O toggle rates adequate for general-purpose glue logic and basic DSP. The Cyclone II architecture uses a 4-input LUT-based logic element with embedded carry chains and a shared arithmetic mode, plus dedicated hardware multipliers and M4K memory blocks that can be configured as true dual-port, simple dual-port, or single-port RAM/ROM with parity/byte-enable support. Up to four PLLs per device provide clock synthesis, multiplication, division, and phase shifting, which simplifies board-level clock tree design and reduces external oscillator count. Typical applications include industrial machine vision and motor control, low-cost video bridging and display controllers, USB/Ethernet protocol bridging, education/development kits, and ASIC prototyping for mid-complexity designs. The wide Quartus II toolchain support (now continued in Intel Quartus Prime) makes it suitable for both legacy maintenance and new low-volume designs requiring field-upgradable logic. When designing with the EP2C5F256I8, plan power sequencing: 1.2V VCCINT must ramp before or simultaneously with 2.5V/3.3V VCCIO to avoid I/O latch-up, and the JTAG chain should be isolated if unused. For high-speed DDR or LVDS interfaces, follow Altera's recommended decoupling (100 nF + 10 µF per bank) and matched-length routing to the dedicated DQS pins documented in the Cyclone II Device Handbook. This page combines distributor pricing, parametric data from the manufacturer datasheet, and curated drop-in alternatives to give engineers a single reference for both new designs and lifecycle extension of legacy Cyclone II boards.

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EP2C5F256I8N - Cyclone II FPGA, 4,608 LEs, 256-FBGA | Intel
EP2C5F256I8N

EP2C5F256I8N - Cyclone II FPGA, 4,608 LEs, 256-FBGA | Intel

The Intel (formerly Altera) EP2C5F256I8N is a Cyclone II Field Programmable Gate Array housed in a 256-ball FineLine BGA package, offering 4,608 logic elements, 119,808 bits of embedded memory, and 158 maximum user I/O pins. Built on a 90 nm low-power process, the Cyclone II family extends the original Cyclone architecture with up to 68,416 LEs, embedded multipliers, and up to 1.1 Mbit of RAM while retaining a cost-optimized positioning. The 'I8' suffix indicates the industrial temperature grade (-40C to +85C) and an 8 ns pin-to-pin timing, and the 'N' suffix indicates lead-free / Pb-free termination. A Field Programmable Gate Array (FPGA) is a reprogrammable semiconductor device containing an array of configurable logic blocks (CLBs), programmable routing, and dedicated hard-IP such as block RAM, PLLs, and (in modern families) transceivers. FPGAs sit between discrete logic ICs (74-series glue logic) and application-specific integrated circuits (ASICs): unlike discrete logic, they integrate thousands to millions of gates onto one die, and unlike ASICs they are reprogrammable, allowing iterative development and late-stage design changes. FPGAs are widely used for glue logic, custom interfacing, DSP pipelines, prototyping of ASIC designs, and high-speed I/O expansion. Key features of the EP2C5F256I8N include 4,608 LEs, 13 embedded 18x18 multipliers, two PLLs, 158 user I/O pins distributed across eight I/O banks, and 119,808 bits of M4K block RAM organized as 4-Kbit blocks. The device supports LVDS, LVTTL, LVCMOS, SSTL, and HSTL I/O standards, and supports external memory interfaces including DDR, DDR2, SDR, and QDR SRAM. Configuration is handled through active serial (AS), passive serial (PS), JTAG, or Fast Passive Parallel (FPP) modes. The 256-ball 1.0 mm pitch FBGA package is JEDEC-compliant and supports lead-free reflow. Architecture details: the Cyclone II logic element (LE) is built around a 4-input look-up table (LUT) with a programmable register, supporting both arithmetic and carry-chain modes for efficient adder and counter implementation. The 90 nm process node allows the EP2C5 to deliver this logic capacity at sub-watt static power while supporting clock management through dedicated PLL blocks with up to four output clocks each. Configuration bitstream is stored in external serial flash and loaded into SRAM configuration cells at power-up. Typical applications include digital signal processing front-ends, motor control and industrial automation, video processing and display controllers, communications protocol bridging (UART, SPI, I2C, PCIe soft IP), and ASIC prototyping. The combination of low cost, embedded multipliers, and DDR memory interfaces makes Cyclone II especially attractive for cost-sensitive, volume-production designs. When designing with this device, plan I/O bank assignments carefully because VCCIO must be supplied per bank and mixed-voltage standards require careful reference voltage selection. Use Quartus II design software (versions 13.0 SP1 and earlier, or the ModelSim-Intel starter edition) for synthesis and place-and-route; modern Quartus Prime does not include Cyclone II support. Configuration storage (EPCS serial flash) is mandatory at production.

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EP2C5Q208C7 - Cyclone II FPGA, 142 I/O, 208QFP | Intel
EP2C5Q208C7

EP2C5Q208C7 - Cyclone II FPGA, 142 I/O, 208QFP | Intel

The Intel EP2C5Q208C7 is a Cyclone II field-programmable gate array (FPGA) with 4,608 logic elements, 119,808 total RAM bits, and 142 user I/O pins, supplied in a 208-pin BFQFP (plastic quad flat pack, square body) package. It is designed for low-cost, high-volume logic applications and operates from a 1.2 V core supply with a commercial temperature range of 0°C to +85°C. An FPGA is a programmable logic device whose internal logic blocks, routing resources, and I/O behavior are configured after manufacturing. Unlike a fixed-function ASIC or a sequential microcontroller, an FPGA lets engineers implement parallel datapaths, custom interfaces, and state machines in hardware. FPGAs fit in the programmable logic device segment of the semiconductor hierarchy and are commonly used when a design needs field reconfigurability, parallel processing, or a large number of fast I/O signals without committing to custom silicon. According to the DigiKey product listing, the EP2C5Q208C7 is categorized as a Cyclone II FPGA IC with 142 user I/O, 119,808 RAM bits, and 4,608 logic elements in a 208-BFQFP package. The core supply voltage is 1.2 V, and the logic family is CMOS. The 208-pin plastic quad flat pack provides a gull-wing, surface-mount footprint that is more convenient for prototype assembly and rework than a fine-pitch BGA, while still supporting a substantial number of parallel board-level signals. Cyclone II was Altera's low-cost 90 nm CMOS FPGA family, designed to balance density, I/O count, and unit price for industrial and consumer systems. The device uses SRAM-based configuration, which means it must be loaded from an external configuration source at power-up. The 4,608 logic elements in this part are suitable for moderate-size control logic, bus bridging, sensor preprocessing, video timing, and other functions that fit comfortably in a small FPGA without requiring external logic ICs. The EP2C5Q208C7 is used in applications such as industrial motor-control signal processing, fieldbus protocol bridging, test and measurement data acquisition, low-cost display timing, audio effects, and custom I/O expansion. The 142 user I/O pins allow designers to connect multiple parallel ADCs, DACs, memory buses, or general-purpose transceivers. The commercial temperature version covers typical indoor equipment from 0°C to +85°C, and the low-cost QFP body makes board assembly straightforward with standard reflow processes. A key design consideration is that this is a 1.2 V core FPGA, so the board must provide a clean 1.2 V rail with sufficient decoupling and current capability. The configuration source must also be selected early in the design because Cyclone II is volatile and must be configured from a serial configuration device, a host processor, or a JTAG download cable after every power-up. This page synthesizes distributor availability, same-family drop-in variants, and practical design notes not found in a single datasheet listing, helping engineers compare procurement options and select the correct Cyclone II QFP-208 variant for their project.

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EP2C5Q208C7N - Cyclone II FPGA, 142 I/O | Altera
EP2C5Q208C7N

EP2C5Q208C7N - Cyclone II FPGA, 142 I/O | Altera

The Altera EP2C5Q208C7N is a Cyclone II field-programmable gate array (FPGA) containing 4,608 logic elements, 119,808 bits of embedded RAM, and 142 user I/O pins, housed in a 208-pin BFQFP/PQFP-208 package. It is manufactured on a 90 nm CMOS process with a 1.2 V core supply and is intended for cost-sensitive, high-volume applications that require moderate logic density and predictable timing. A field-programmable gate array is an integrated circuit whose digital logic functions can be configured after fabrication using a hardware description language such as Verilog or VHDL. Unlike a microcontroller, an FPGA implements parallel hardware paths, so control, protocol, and DSP functions can operate simultaneously. In the programmable logic hierarchy, an FPGA belongs to the larger programmable logic device family and is one of the most flexible digital building blocks available, often replacing discrete 74-series logic, CPLDs, ASIC prototypes, and custom state machines. The EP2C5Q208C7N provides several important features for embedded and industrial designs. Its 4,608 logic elements are enough for multi-channel control state machines, bus-interface glue logic, and small image-processing pipelines. The 119,808 bits of embedded RAM support FIFOs, small line buffers, and register-file structures, while the 142 user I/O pins allow direct connection to many ADCs, DACs, sensors, and parallel buses. Datasheets.com lists a maximum internal clock frequency of 402.58 MHz for the device, and the C7 speed grade provides additional timing margin over C8 versions. Altera designed the Cyclone II family to balance performance, density, and cost. The EP2C5 is the smallest mainstream Cyclone II device, offering a practical migration path into higher-density EP2C8, EP2C20, and EP2C35 parts if a design outgrows the available logic and RAM. The 1.2 V core reduces dynamic power compared with earlier 1.5 V or 2.5 V FPGA families, and the commercial 0°C to 85°C operating temperature range covers most indoor and industrial equipment. The 208-pin QFP package provides a convenient board-level footprint without the high layer-count requirements of a fine-pitch BGA. Typical applications include industrial motor-control interfaces, display timing control, protocol bridging between serial and parallel standards, data-acquisition sequencing, and custom glue logic. In each case, the FPGA's parallel execution and deterministic timing improve system responsiveness over software-only alternatives. The embedded PLL and clock-routing resources let designers synthesize several internal clock domains from one external oscillator. When using EP2C5Q208C7N, remember that an FPGA is volatile: configuration data must be loaded from an external EPCS, EPCQ, or JTAG source after power-up. Connect the dedicated MSEL pins to select the intended configuration mode, and provide clean 1.2 V core power with adequate decoupling. The device has no internal flash for permanent program storage, so a configuration memory device should be treated as part of the bill of materials. This page synthesizes distributor inventory, price snapshots, same-family QFP-208 drop-in alternatives, and practical design guidance that are gathered for the EP2C5Q208C7N and are useful for engineers evaluating new or replacement FPGA designs.

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EP2C5Q208C8 - Cyclone II FPGA 4608 LE | Intel
EP2C5Q208C8

EP2C5Q208C8 - Cyclone II FPGA 4608 LE | Intel

EP2C5Q208C8 is an Intel Cyclone II field-programmable gate array (FPGA) with 4608 logic elements, 119808 total RAM bits, and 142 user I/O pins, housed in a 208-pin BFQFP/PQFP surface-mount package. It belongs to the Cyclone II family originally introduced by Altera and now supported by Intel, and it is fabricated on a 90 nm process with a 1.2 V core supply. A field-programmable gate array (FPGA) is a semiconductor device containing configurable logic blocks and programmable interconnects that can be reconfigured after manufacturing. In the programmable-logic hierarchy, an FPGA is a type of programmable logic device (PLD), which belongs to the broader category of logic integrated circuits. Unlike a fixed-function ASIC, the EP2C5Q208C8 can implement arbitrary digital logic, from simple state machines to complete processor peripherals, by loading a configuration bitstream at power-up. Key features include 4608 logic elements for combinatorial and sequential logic, 119808 bits of embedded RAM for FIFOs and data buffering, and 142 user I/O pins for connection to multiple logic and interface domains. The C8 speed grade and commercial temperature suffix provide a cost-oriented entry point into the Cyclone II family. The 208-pin BFQFP/PQFP package has accessible perimeter leads, which simplifies PCB layout, soldering inspection, and rework compared with fine-pitch BGA alternatives. Cyclone II architecture is a medium-density FPGA with embedded memory blocks and programmable I/O buffers. The EP2C5Q208C8 can implement soft-core processors, parallel signal-processing datapaths, bus bridges, and controller logic. Its 90 nm process helps balance die cost and power with moderate performance. The 402.58 MHz figure quoted by FPGAkey represents an upper internal clock boundary for speed-grade -8 devices; actual achievable frequency depends on design complexity, synthesis settings, routing, and operating conditions. Typical applications include low-cost motor-control interfaces, sensor aggregation, protocol bridging, video/display processing, and test instrumentation bring-up. The available I/O count allows parallel buses such as 8-bit or 16-bit microcontroller interfaces and multiple encoder inputs to be connected directly. With 119808 RAM bits, internal FIFOs and small frame buffers can be implemented without external memory for many designs. Designers using EP2C5Q208C8 should provide a clean 1.2 V core rail with appropriate decoupling, follow the Intel/Altera power estimation flow in Quartus, and use a supported configuration scheme such as active serial with an EPCS configuration device. Because this -C8 variant is listed as RoHS non-compliant by a distributor, select an N-suffix device for Pb-free assembly or verify an applicable exemption. This page synthesizes verified distributor inventory, current price references, drop-in QFP alternatives, and practical design guidance beyond the manufacturer datasheet, making it useful for legacy maintenance, lifecycle planning, and finding a direct replacement for EP2C5Q208C8.

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EP2C5Q208C8N - Cyclone II FPGA 4,608 LEs 208-PQFP | Intel
EP2C5Q208C8N

EP2C5Q208C8N - Cyclone II FPGA 4,608 LEs 208-PQFP | Intel

The Intel (formerly Altera) EP2C5Q208C8N is a Cyclone II series Field Programmable Gate Array (FPGA) delivering 4,608 logic elements, 119,808 bits of embedded RAM, and 142 user I/O pins in a 208-pin Plastic Quad Flat Pack (PQFP / 208-BFQFP) package, speed grade 8, commercial temperature range. An FPGA (Field Programmable Gate Array) is a reprogrammable semiconductor device containing an array of configurable logic blocks (CLBs), programmable routing, and embedded memory and DSP resources. FPGAs sit at the top of the digital logic hierarchy alongside ASICs and microcontrollers, but unlike ASICs they can be reconfigured in-circuit to implement arbitrary digital functions, glue logic, state machines, signal processing pipelines, and full soft-processor systems. The Cyclone II family targets low-cost, high-volume applications and uses a 90 nm process with a 1.2 V core. Key features of the EP2C5Q208C8N include 4,608 logic elements, 119,808 RAM bits distributed across M4K blocks (typical block size 4,608 bits), up to 142 user I/O pins, and embedded multipliers (typically 13 per device) for low-cost DSP. The Q208 package (208-pin PQFP) gives ample I/O for parallel buses, memory interfaces, and standard digital peripherals, and supports multiple I/O standards including LVTTL, LVCMOS, PCI, SSTL, and LVDS. Configuration is supported through active serial (AS), passive serial (PS), JTAG, and Fast Passive Parallel (FPP) modes. Architecturally, Cyclone II devices use a logic-element array based on 4-input look-up tables (LUTs) with associated carry and register chains, fed by a multi-level routing fabric. Embedded M4K RAM blocks can be configured as true dual-port, simple dual-port, or single-port memory and support FIFO and shift-register modes. The PLL-based clock management provides up to four phase-locked loops for frequency synthesis and clock-domain alignment. The device operates from a single 1.2 V core supply with separate VCCIO banks for I/O standard flexibility. Typical applications include digital signal processing front-ends, industrial control and factory automation, video processing and display controllers, communication protocol bridging (UART/SPI/I2C to Ethernet or USB), motor control, and educational / hobbyist development platforms. The combination of low unit cost, JTAG-based development, and a free Quartus II design toolchain has made this family a workhorse for low-to-mid density programmable logic. When designing with the EP2C5Q208C8N, allocate adequate decoupling (0.1 uF and 10 uF) near each supply pin, follow Altera/Intel PCB layout guidelines for PQFP packages, and verify the I/O bank VCCIO voltages against your peripheral logic levels. Note that this part is no longer recommended for new designs (NRND) - users should plan migration paths to Cyclone IV or Cyclone 10 LP families. This page synthesizes distributor pricing, drop-in Cyclone II alternatives, application notes, and practical design considerations not found in the standalone manufacturer datasheet.

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EP2C5Q208I8 - Cyclone II FPGA, 4,608 LEs, 208-PQFP | Intel
EP2C5Q208I8

EP2C5Q208I8 - Cyclone II FPGA, 4,608 LEs, 208-PQFP | Intel

The Intel (formerly Altera) EP2C5Q208I8 is a low-cost Cyclone II Field-Programmable Gate Array (FPGA) housed in a 208-pin Plastic Quad Flat Pack (PQFP/BFQFP) package with 142 user I/O pins. Built on a 1.2V, 90 nm CMOS process, it integrates 4,608 logic elements, 119,808 memory bits distributed across 26 M4K RAM blocks, and 13 embedded 18x18 multipliers, giving designers a balanced mix of logic, memory, and DSP resources for cost-sensitive applications. A Field-Programmable Gate Array (FPGA) is a type of programmable logic device (PLD) that contains an array of configurable logic blocks (CLBs), programmable interconnects, and dedicated silicon resources such as block RAM and multiplier blocks. After manufacture, the device is configured by the customer using a Hardware Description Language (HDL) such as Verilog or VHDL, making FPGAs ideal for parallel processing, custom glue logic, and rapid prototyping without the NRE cost of an ASIC. FPGAs sit in the broader taxonomy of digital semiconductors: IC -> programmable logic -> FPGA -> SRAM-based FPGA -> Cyclone II family. Key specifications include 2 PLLs for clock management, 4 clock networks, support for LVDS, LVTTL, PCI, SSTL-2, and SSTL-3 I/O standards, an operating temperature range of -40C to +100C (commercial/industrial grade), and configuration via passive serial, active serial, or JTAG. The Cyclone II architecture also provides dedicated DDR SDRAM interface support, making it suitable for memory-intensive data buffering and video line-store applications. Typical applications include industrial control and motor drives, video processing and display controllers, automotive infotainment, low-cost digital signal processing, communication protocol bridging (UART/SPI/I2C to parallel), and educational FPGA development boards. The 208-PQFP package supports hand-soldering and through-hole-style prototyping workflows, which are less common on newer BGA-only FPGA families. When designing with this device, plan for a 1.2V core supply plus a separate I/O bank voltage, and review the Quartus II (or the supported Quartus Prime 13.0sp1 legacy edition) timing constraints for your clock domains. The 208-PQFP package has higher lead inductance than BGA equivalents, so high-speed LVDS above 640 Mbps may require external termination adjustments. This page synthesizes distributor pricing, drop-in pin-compatible alternatives, and practical design notes not consolidated on a single manufacturer or distributor product page.

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EP2C5Q208I8N - Cyclone II FPGA 4608 LE, 142 I/O | Intel
EP2C5Q208I8N

EP2C5Q208I8N - Cyclone II FPGA 4608 LE, 142 I/O | Intel

The Intel EP2C5Q208I8N is a Cyclone II field-programmable gate array (FPGA) with 4,608 logic elements, 119,808 RAM bits, and 142 user I/Os in a 208-pin PQFP package. It is built on 90 nm CMOS technology, operates from a 1.2 V core supply, and is intended for cost-sensitive digital systems that require flexible logic integration. The package is a 208-pin plastic quad flat pack (PQFP/BFQFP) with a lead-free N suffix finish, and the I8 designator denotes an industrial temperature grade with the -8 speed grade. An FPGA is a semiconductor device containing programmable logic blocks and programmable interconnects that can be configured after manufacturing to implement arbitrary digital circuits. In the broader taxonomy, an FPGA belongs to programmable logic devices, which sit above complex PLDs and CPLDs and below full-custom ASICs. FPGAs provide rapid hardware prototyping, in-field reconfiguration, and parallel processing capabilities that microcontrollers and DSPs cannot match for high-throughput data paths. The EP2C5Q208I8N combines 4,608 logic elements with 119,808 bits of embedded RAM, allowing moderate state machines, FIFOs, and line buffers to be implemented without external memory for small applications. The 142 user I/Os support system-level interfaces such as DDR memory buses, parallel ADCs/DACs, and general-purpose LVCMOS/LVTTL connections. The 90 nm process balances low cost with adequate logic density and power efficiency for industrial embedded systems. The device uses SRAM-based configuration, so external non-volatile configuration memory is required at power-up. A dedicated configuration controller in the Cyclone II architecture loads the bitstream from an EPC-series or third-party serial flash device. The on-chip PLLs provide clock multiplication and phase shifting for the logic fabric, supporting typical system clocking requirements in measurement and communications equipment. Typical applications include industrial machine control, video and imaging pipelines, communication protocol bridging, motor control, test instrumentation, and custom I/O expansion. The 208-pin PQFP package is particularly well suited for boards where low-cost assembly and accessible probing are preferred over fine-pitch BGA packaging. When designing with the EP2C5Q208I8N, pay close attention to the 1.2 V core supply decoupling and the multiple VCCIO bank voltages. A proper power-up sequence and dedicated configuration flash are essential for reliable operation. Because the device is SRAM-based, the configuration bitstream must be reloaded after every power cycle. This page aggregates verified distributor data, practical design guidance, Cyclone II family comparisons, and drop-in Q208 variants that are not always listed on the manufacturer datasheet summary, helping engineers make a faster sourcing decision.

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EP2C5T144C6 - Cyclone II FPGA, 4,608 LE, 144-TQFP | Intel
EP2C5T144C6

EP2C5T144C6 - Cyclone II FPGA, 4,608 LE, 144-TQFP | Intel

The Intel (formerly Altera) Cyclone II EP2C5T144C6 is a low-cost, low-power 90 nm SRAM-based Field Programmable Gate Array (FPGA) housed in a 144-pin LQFP (also referred to as 144-TQFP) package. According to distributor listings, the device integrates 4,608 logic elements (LEs), 119,808 RAM bits, 13 embedded 18x18 multipliers, and supports up to 89 general-purpose user I/O pins, making it a popular choice for cost-sensitive digital logic, glue-logic, and DSP-front-end designs introduced in the late-2000s era. The 'C6' speed grade indicates a commercial temperature range (0C to +85C) with the standard (non-fastest) speed bin, while the 'I7' or 'C8' speed grades offer higher performance where available. A Field Programmable Gate Array (FPGA) is a semiconductor integrated circuit that can be electrically reconfigured after manufacture to implement arbitrary digital logic. In the system hierarchy FPGAs sit alongside ASICs, microcontrollers, and DSPs as reprogrammable compute fabric, but are distinguished by their parallel architecture, deterministic timing, and ability to host custom high-speed serial, memory, or processor cores. The Cyclone II family was Intel/Altera's second-generation low-cost FPGA line, succeeded by Cyclone III, Cyclone IV, and Cyclone V (now with embedded ARM cores). It remains widely deployed in long-lifecycle industrial, industrial-automation, and educational designs, and is frequently the lowest-cost way to obtain a genuine FPGA from authorized channels. Key features of the EP2C5T144C6 include 4,608 LEs, two on-chip PLL blocks for clock synthesis, 13 dedicated 18x18 hardware multipliers (capable of approximately 50-150 MHz DSP throughput depending on routing), 119,808 bits of embedded M4K memory, support for LVDS, LVTTL, LVCMOS, PCI, SSTL-2/H, and other I/O standards, and configuration via JTAG or Active Serial (AS) modes. The device requires 1.2 V core and 3.3 V I/O supply rails. Typical applications include industrial motor control, video processing front-ends, software-defined radio (SDR) baseband, educational FPGA development boards (DE1/DE2), low-volume ASIC prototyping, and consumer-electronics glue logic. The 144-TQFP package is a low-cost plastic surface-mount package compatible with hand-soldering and low-cost PCB assembly lines. When designing with the EP2C5T144C6, ensure the Quartus II design software (13.0sp1 or earlier; Quartus Prime does not support Cyclone II) is used for synthesis, place-and-route, and timing closure. Designers should observe banked I/O supply constraints, use proper decoupling (100 nF per supply pin plus bulk capacitors), and respect the 1.2 V core-rail tolerance of +/-5%. This page synthesizes distributor pricing, drop-in same-package alternatives (EP2C5T144C7, EP2C5T144C8, EP2C5T144I6, plus 144-pin-compatible family members), and practical design notes not always obvious from the Cyclone II Device Handbook alone.

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EP2C5T144C6N - Cyclone II FPGA 4.6K LEs 144-LQFP | Intel / Altera
EP2C5T144C6N

EP2C5T144C6N - Cyclone II FPGA 4.6K LEs 144-LQFP | Intel / Altera

The Intel (formerly Altera) EP2C5T144C6N is a low-cost Cyclone II Field Programmable Gate Array housed in a 144-pin LQFP (T144) package, delivering 4,608 logic elements, 119,808 bits of embedded RAM, and 89 user I/O pins on TSMC's 90nm low-k dielectric process. Speed grade 6 represents the standard timing class in the Cyclone II family, balancing Fmax and cost for cost-sensitive volume production. Operating at 1.15V-1.25V core with LVCMOS/LVTTL/LVDS/PECL I/O standards supported, the device targets glue logic, bus bridging, and control-plane applications. A Field Programmable Gate Array (FPGA) is a semiconductor integrated circuit whose digital logic functionality is defined after manufacturing by the customer, via a configuration bitstream. FPGAs sit in the broader taxonomy: programmable logic device (PLD) -> FPGA -> SRAM-based FPGA -> Cyclone II family. They differ from ASICs by offering rapid prototyping, field re-programmability, and lower NRE cost, while trading off per-unit cost and absolute performance against fixed-function ASICs. Cyclone II is positioned in the low-density, low-power tier below the Cyclone III/IV/V families. Key features include up to 89 user I/O pins across 4 I/O banks, embedded 18x18 multipliers (13 total) for DSP-style arithmetic, dual-purpose configuration pins, and JTAG boundary-scan (IEEE 1149.1) for in-system programming and boundary test. The device supports multiple configuration modes including AS, PS, JTAG, and FPP, enabling flexible boot from EPCS serial flash or microprocessor hosts. The 144-pin LQFP package is plastic and surface-mount with 0.5mm pitch, suited to standard SMT assembly lines without requiring BGA-grade inspection. Cyclone II FPGAs use a logic element (LE) granularity built around 4-input look-up tables (LUT4), each with an associated carry chain and register. The M4K embedded RAM blocks (13 blocks of 4,608 bits each) deliver true dual-port operation up to 250 MHz and can be configured as RAM, ROM, or FIFO buffers. Phase-locked loops (PLLs) provide clock multiplication, division, and phase shifting across the 2-4 PLLs available per device. Typical applications include industrial motor control front-ends, low-density protocol bridges (UART/SPI/I2C to Ethernet), LED display controllers, video processing front-ends, educational development boards, and low-cost DSP pipelines. The Cyclone II is well-suited to designs where pin count and logic density demand exceed microcontrollers but ASIC NRE cannot be amortized. When designing, plan for JTAG access (TCK/TMS/TDO/TDI pulled appropriately), 2.5V/3.3V bank voltage compatibility, decoupling per power pin, and configuration storage via EPCS1/EPCS4 serial flash. The LQFP-144 package benefits from generous copper pours and routed differential pairs for LVDS signals where jitter budget matters. This page synthesizes distributor pricing, drop-in alternatives in the same LQFP-144 footprint, and practical design notes not found on any single distributor listing.

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EP2C5T144C7 - Cyclone II FPGA, 4,608 LEs, 144-LQFP | Intel
EP2C5T144C7

EP2C5T144C7 - Cyclone II FPGA, 4,608 LEs, 144-LQFP | Intel

The Intel (formerly Altera) EP2C5T144C7 is a low-cost Cyclone II Field-Programmable Gate Array (FPGA) built on a 90 nm CMOS process, delivering 4,608 logic elements, 119,808 RAM bits, and 89 user I/O pins in a 144-pin TQFP (T144) package. The device operates from a 1.2 V core supply with 3.3 V LVCMOS/LVTTL I/O support and is offered in the commercial speed grade 7 tier targeting general-purpose logic, glue replacement, and parallel DSP preprocessing tasks. A field-programmable gate array (FPGA) is a semiconductor IC containing an array of configurable logic blocks (CLBs), programmable interconnect, and dedicated hard IP such as block RAM and multipliers, all controllable by an SRAM-based configuration bitstream. FPGAs sit in the broader taxonomy of programmable logic devices (PLD), above simple CPLDs and below ASICs in cost-per-volume but well above microcontrollers in raw parallel throughput. Cyclone II specifically targets the low-power, low-cost end of the FPGA market introduced in 2004 to displace ASICs in volume consumer and industrial designs. Key features include 13 embedded 18x18 multipliers suitable for DSP workloads, four phase-locked loops (PLLs) for clock management, support for external memory interfaces including DDR/DDR2 SDRAM and QDRII SRAM, and a 1.2 V core with multi-voltage I/O banks. Configuration is loaded from serial or parallel flash, JTAG, or Altera/Intel Quartus II software. The part is non-volatile in the sense that the configuration must be reloaded after each power-up since the SRAM cells are volatile. The Cyclone II architecture uses four-input look-up tables (LUTs) per logic element, embedded M4K RAM blocks (each 4 Kbit plus parity), and a hierarchical routing fabric. The 90 nm process gives a balance of leakage and performance suitable for fanless industrial enclosures; maximum internal clock frequency for this speed grade is in the hundreds of MHz for typical paths, and design tools report fMAX figures in the device handbook rather than on a single datasheet page. Typical applications include industrial control and human-machine interface panels, video processing front-ends, low-cost motor control, glue logic bridging microcontrollers to parallel peripherals, and education kits where Quartus II support and a free Web Edition toolchain lower the entry barrier. The 144-pin TQFP footprint is also breadboard-friendly, which makes the part popular in university digital-design labs and prototype boards. When designing with this device, plan the power budget around the 1.2 V core current (which scales with logic utilization and toggle rate) and the 3.3 V I/O current, and place decoupling capacitors within 5 mm of each supply pin per the Cyclone II Handbook pin connection guidelines. Use Quartus II 13.0sp1 or 13.1 (the last release supporting Cyclone II) for synthesis; later Quartus versions have dropped Cyclone II device support. This page synthesizes distributor stock, drop-in same-family Cyclone II alternatives, and practical design notes not found in the manufacturer datasheet alone, giving engineers a single reference for the EP2C5T144C7 in current designs.

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EP2C5T144C7N - Cyclone II FPGA, 4,608 LEs, 144-LQFP | Altera
EP2C5T144C7N

EP2C5T144C7N - Cyclone II FPGA, 4,608 LEs, 144-LQFP | Altera

The Altera EP2C5T144C7N is a member of the Cyclone® II family of low-cost, low-power FPGAs fabricated on a 90 nm low-k dielectric process at 300 mm wafer scale, delivering 4,608 logic elements, 119,808 RAM bits, and 89 general-purpose user I/O pins in a 144-pin LQFP (TQFP) package. According to the Altera Cyclone II Device Handbook, the EP2C5 device operates at a core voltage of 1.15 V to 1.25 V (speed grade 7, commercial temperature range), supports up to 158 maximum user I/Os in higher-pin-count variants, and includes up to 13 embedded 18 × 18 hardware multipliers and 2 PLLs per device family member. Speed grade 7 is the middle commercial speed bin, balanced between timing margin and unit cost. A Field Programmable Gate Array (FPGA) is a semiconductor integrated circuit whose logic function is defined by the customer after manufacture, providing a parallel fabric of configurable logic blocks (CLBs), routing interconnect, dedicated memory blocks (M4K/M9K in Cyclone II), DSP/multiplier blocks, clock management tiles (PLLs), and programmable I/O cells (IOEs). The Cyclone II family targets cost-sensitive high-volume applications, offering SRAM-based configuration via Altera's serial configuration devices (EPCS family) with active serial (AS) or JTAG programming modes. FPGAs sit at the top of the programmable logic hierarchy: FPGA → programmable logic → digital IC → semiconductor device. Key features of the EP2C5T144C7N include up to 89 user I/Os in the LQFP-144 footprint, 4,608 logic elements for moderate-complexity state machines and datapaths, dedicated 18 × 18 multiplier blocks for DSP-style fixed-point arithmetic, two PLLs for clock synthesis and skew management, support for common I/O standards including LVTTL, LVCMOS, PCI, SSTL-2, and differential LVDS pairs, and 119,808 bits of on-chip RAM distributed across M4K blocks. The part ships in a 144-LQFP package with 20 × 20 mm body, 0.5 mm pitch, surface-mount compatible. The Cyclone II architecture combines a logic fabric organized as LABs (Logic Array Blocks, 16 LEs each) with a hierarchical routing structure and per-IOE registers for input/output pipelining. Configuration bitstream reload via JTAG enables in-field firmware updates, while the device supports hot-socketing and tri-state during configuration for in-system programming. Typical applications for the EP2C5T144C7N include industrial control and motor drive glue logic, video processing front-ends (HDMI/DVI pixel pipelines), low-cost software-defined radio (SDR) baseband blocks, telecommunications line-card interface bridges, test & measurement fixtures, and display controllers for consumer LCD/LED panels. The 89 I/Os comfortably accommodate parallel buses such as 16-bit wide video or 32-bit memory interfaces when external serializers are used. When designing with this part, ensure your configuration scheme (AS vs JTAG vs PS) is selected early, as the choice of boot memory (EPCS4, EPCS16, etc.) determines board cost. Decoupling follows Altera's PDN guidance: bulk 100 µF + 10 µF + 0.1 µF per supply rail. JTAG chain ordering matters when multiple Altera/Intel devices share a TCK/TMS chain.

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EP2C5T144C8 - Cyclone II FPGA, 4,608 LEs, 89 I/O, 144-TQFP | Intel
EP2C5T144C8

EP2C5T144C8 - Cyclone II FPGA, 4,608 LEs, 89 I/O, 144-TQFP | Intel

The Intel (formerly Altera) EP2C5T144C8 is a low-cost, low-power Cyclone II Field-Programmable Gate Array (FPGA) delivering 4,608 logic elements, 119,808 RAM bits, and 89 user I/Os in a 144-pin TQFP package. Built on TSMC's 90 nm low-k dielectric process, the device operates at 1.2 V core with 8 ns speed grade and is offered in commercial temperature grade (0 C to +85 C). The Cyclone II family was designed to replace ASICs in cost-sensitive high-volume applications while keeping power consumption below legacy FPGA families. A Field-Programmable Gate Array (FPGA) is a semiconductor integrated circuit composed of configurable logic blocks (CLBs), programmable interconnects, and dedicated hard-IP blocks (DSP slices, block RAM, PLLs, transceivers) that the designer programs after manufacture. FPGAs sit at the top of the programmable-logic hierarchy alongside CPLDs and mask-programmed ASICs, and below them in system complexity sits the microcontroller. The Cyclone II generation occupies the low-end position in the FPGA taxonomy, prioritising logic density per dollar over raw performance. Key features of the EP2C5T144C8 include embedded 18 x 18 multipliers (total of 13 for the EP2C5 row), M4K block RAM columns, dual-purpose PLL clock management, and support for external memory interfaces such as DDR/DDR2 SDRAM and QDRII SRAM. The 144-pin TQFP (T144) is a plastic thin quad flat pack that supports 89 user I/Os at a 22 x 22 x 1.4 mm body size and is suitable for conventional SMT assembly lines. The Cyclone II architecture is built around four-input look-up tables (LUTs), true dual-port M4K RAM blocks with parity, and dedicated DSP blocks for 18-bit signed multiplication. Configuration is loaded from an Altera serial configuration (EPCS) device or via JTAG, with built-in decompression and encryption support. Compared with the original Cyclone, Cyclone II roughly doubles logic density and adds hardware multipliers, making it a strong fit for digital signal processing front ends that previously required a separate DSP chip. Typical applications include digital signal processing (Dsp) front ends for video, image, and audio pipelines; industrial control and motor drive logic; communications protocol bridging (SPI, I2C, UART, PCIe soft cores); and consumer electronics that need glue logic and parallel processing under tight BOM cost. The 1.2 V core combined with low static current also makes the EP2C5T144C8 suitable for portable battery-powered embedded designs where power budget matters. When designing with the EP2C5T144C8, plan I/O bank assignments to keep differential pairs (LVDS) on dedicated pins and respect the VCCIO bank voltage (typically 3.3 V for legacy interfaces, 1.8 V for DDR). Quartus II software handles place-and-route; for new designs consider migrating to a Cyclone IV or Cyclone 10 LP equivalent because Cyclone II is at end-of-life and supply is increasingly limited to authorized distributors and the secondary market. This page synthesises verified distributor pricing, drop-in same-package alternatives sourced from the Cyclone II family and authorised Altera-Intel listings, and practical design notes that are not contained in the bare datasheet.

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EP2C5T144C8N - Cyclone II FPGA 4,608 LEs 89 I/O 144-TQFP | Intel
EP2C5T144C8N

EP2C5T144C8N - Cyclone II FPGA 4,608 LEs 89 I/O 144-TQFP | Intel

The Intel (formerly Altera) EP2C5T144C8N is a low-cost Cyclone II Field Programmable Gate Array (FPGA) housed in a 144-pin TQFP (T144) package measuring 22x22 mm. Built on TSMC's 90 nm low-k dielectric process, the device delivers 4,608 logic elements, 119,808 bits of embedded M4K RAM, 13 dedicated 9x9 multipliers, 89 user I/Os and 2 PLLs running with a 1.15 V to 1.25 V core supply at speed grade 8. An FPGA (Field-Programmable Gate Array) is a programmable logic device (PLD) — a category of semiconductor IC that sits between an ASIC and a CPLD in the programmable logic hierarchy: ASIC < PLD < CPLD < FPGA. Cyclone II devices target the low-cost, high-volume end of that hierarchy, balancing logic capacity, embedded memory, DSP blocks, and I/O bandwidth for cost-sensitive applications that would otherwise require an ASIC. Key features include 4,608 logic elements, 119,808 RAM bits organized in M4K blocks, 13 embedded 18x18 (9x9 mode) multipliers, two general-purpose PLLs, support for DDR/DDR2/QDRII SRAM and LVDS I/O standards, and an on-chip configuration controller supporting serial, parallel, and JTAG configuration modes. The Cyclone II architecture is well suited to glue logic, control-plane state machines, video bridging, and low-channel-count DSP pipelines. The 90 nm process and 1.2 V core enable lower static power than the original Cyclone family while preserving the 320 MHz internal performance typical of Cyclone II designs. The 144-pin TQFP package exposes 89 user I/Os with support for single-ended standards such as LVTTL, LVCMOS, SSTL, and PCI, plus LVDS pairs — sufficient for parallel buses, video interfaces, and DDR memory controllers. Typical applications include industrial control, video surveillance and image processing front-ends, motor and inverter control, telecom line cards, low-cost ASIC prototyping, and educational FPGA development boards. The TQFP-144 footprint and free Quartus II design software make it a popular choice for low-volume production runs and university curricula. When designing with this part, ensure all VCCINT, VCCIO, and PLL analog supply pins are decoupled with 0.1 µF and 10 µF capacitors placed within 5 mm of the package. The 144-TQFP is a wire-bonded package with no exposed pad — ground-bond the central ground pins through vias to an inner ground plane for thermal dissipation. Configuration requires either an external EPCS serial configuration device or JTAG download. This page synthesizes distributor pricing, verified Cyclone II cross-reference alternatives, and practical design notes not found in the manufacturer datasheet — providing decision-grade context for engineers specifying cost-sensitive FPGA logic.

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EP2C5T144I8 - Cyclone II FPGA, 4,608 LEs, 144-LQFP | Intel
EP2C5T144I8

EP2C5T144I8 - Cyclone II FPGA, 4,608 LEs, 144-LQFP | Intel

The Intel (formerly Altera) EP2C5T144I8 is a member of the Cyclone II family of low-cost FPGAs, delivering 4,608 logic elements, 119,808 RAM bits, and 89 user I/O pins in a 144-pin LQFP (T144) package. The 'I' in the part number designates the industrial temperature grade (-40C to +100C junction), and the trailing '8' denotes speed grade 8. The device is built on TSMC's 90nm low-k dielectric CMOS process and is supplied by a 1.2V core voltage with separate VCCIO bank voltages for flexible I/O standards. An FPGA (Field-Programmable Gate Array) is a semiconductor device containing an array of configurable logic blocks (CLBs), programmable interconnects, and dedicated silicon resources such as block RAM, DSP blocks, and PLLs. The Cyclone II family was Altera's second-generation low-cost FPGA family, succeeding the original Cyclone series and targeting high-volume cost-sensitive applications. FPGAs sit at the same hierarchy level as ASICs and microcontrollers but offer post-fabrication reprogrammability, making them ideal for design iteration, low-volume production, and custom parallel processing tasks that CPUs cannot accelerate efficiently. Key features of the EP2C5T144I8 include up to 89 user I/O pins supporting multiple I/O standards (LVTTL, LVCMOS, PCI, SSTL, LVDS), two general-purpose PLLs for clock management, embedded multipliers (13 18x18 multipliers), and configuration via Active Serial (AS), Passive Serial (PS), or JTAG. The 144-LQFP package offers 0.5mm pitch for hand-solderable prototyping while still supporting moderate I/O counts. The industrial temperature grade makes the device suitable for harsh-environment applications outside the commercial 0C to +85C range. Typical applications include industrial motor control, factory automation, video processing pipelines, low-cost digital signal processing, and legacy industrial control replacements. The device is supported by Altera/Intel Quartus II design software (legacy versions) for synthesis, place-and-route, and bitstream generation. Engineers should note that the Cyclone II family has been superseded by Cyclone IV/V and Cyclone 10 series; new designs should evaluate newer families unless pin compatibility or proven-in-use requirements dictate otherwise. When designing with this device, verify JTAG chain integrity before board bring-up, ensure decoupling capacitors are placed within 5mm of each VCC pin, and confirm that the configuration mode (AS/PS/JTAG) matches the chosen configuration memory device. The T144 package is non-BGA, simplifying rework and inspection during prototyping.

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EP2C5T144I8N - Cyclone II FPGA, 4,608 LEs, 144-TQFP | Intel
EP2C5T144I8N

EP2C5T144I8N - Cyclone II FPGA, 4,608 LEs, 144-TQFP | Intel

The Intel (formerly Altera) EP2C5T144I8N is a low-cost Cyclone II Field-Programmable Gate Array (FPGA) housed in a 144-pin TQFP package, offering 4,608 logic elements (LEs) and 119,808 bits (approximately 117 Kbits) of embedded memory. Built on a 1.2 V, low-power SRAM process, it operates over the industrial temperature range (-40C to +85C) and features 89 user I/O pins with LVDS support in select banks, delivering a balance of density, performance, and cost for high-volume applications. What is an FPGA? A Field-Programmable Gate Array is a reconfigurable semiconductor device containing an array of logic blocks (lookup tables, flip-flops, and routing) that can be programmed after manufacture to implement arbitrary digital logic. Within the broader taxonomy, an FPGA belongs to programmable logic devices (PLD) -> logic ICs -> integrated circuits. The Cyclone II family positioned FPGAs as affordable alternatives to ASICs in cost-sensitive designs, making programmable logic accessible to consumer, industrial, and communications markets where earlier FPGAs had been economically impractical. Key features include 4,608 LEs, 119,808 RAM bits distributed across M4K memory blocks, 13 embedded 18x18 multipliers for DSP-style workloads, and support for multiple I/O standards including LVTTL, LVCMOS, PCI, and LVDS. The device supports configuration via serial (AS) or parallel (PS) modes and contains built-in JTAG boundary-scan for in-system programming. Eight global clock networks plus two PLLs per quadrant (when present) simplify timing closure for synchronous designs across the 144-pin footprint. Architecturally, Cyclone II uses a 90 nm process with a Stratix-derived routing fabric adapted for low-cost positioning. Multipliers are wired to 9-Kbit memory blocks, enabling efficient DSP and FIFO implementations without consuming logic fabric. Internal configuration bits are stored in SRAM, requiring an external configuration flash or download cable on every power-up. Typical applications include industrial motor control, low-cost video processing, protocol bridging, USB and Ethernet interface logic, educational FPGA development boards, and consumer electronics glue logic. The wide operating temperature range also supports outdoor industrial deployments. When designing with this device, verify that the I/O bank voltage references match the chosen signaling standard; mis-referenced VCCIO rails are a common board-bring-up failure. Also confirm the configuration scheme (AS vs PS) supports your boot-time budget. This page synthesizes distributor pricing, functional equivalents within the same Cyclone II family, and PCB-reuse design notes not consolidated in the manufacturer datasheet.

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EP2C70F672C6 - 68K-Cell Cyclone II FPGA, 672-FBGA | Altera
EP2C70F672C6

EP2C70F672C6 - 68K-Cell Cyclone II FPGA, 672-FBGA | Altera

The Altera (Intel Programmable Solutions Group) EP2C70F672C6 is a member of the Cyclone II FPGA family built on a 90 nm CMOS process, providing 68,416 logic elements housed in a 672-ball FineLine BGA package. The device integrates 4,276 configurable logic blocks (CLBs), operates up to 500 MHz internal performance, and is supplied from a 1.2 V core rail with multi-volt I/O support. FPGAs (Field-Programmable Gate Arrays) are semiconductor devices that contain an array of programmable logic blocks, interconnect, and I/O elements which can be configured by the customer after manufacturing to implement custom digital circuits. FPGAs sit within the broader hierarchy of programmable logic devices (PLD), alongside CPLDs, and are widely used for digital signal processing, glue logic, ASIC prototyping, and parallel processing tasks. They are typically deployed via hardware description languages such as Verilog or VHDL, then synthesized and routed using vendor tooling. Key features of the EP2C70F672C6 include 422 maximum user I/O pins, 1,152,000 bits of embedded RAM (approximately 1.1 Mbit), four PLLs for clock management, and support for external memory interfaces such as DDR, DDR2, SDR, and QDRII SRAM. The 'C6' speed grade places the part in a moderate performance tier suitable for industrial-grade temperature operation, while the 'F672' package suffix designates the 672-pin FBGA. The Cyclone II architecture combines 4-input LUT-based logic elements with embedded M9K memory blocks and DSP-style multiplier blocks. The 90 nm low-k process enables the device to deliver high logic density at low static power while sustaining 500 MHz internal operation, making it well-suited for cost-sensitive volume production across consumer, industrial, and communications segments. Typical applications include motor control, video processing, industrial automation controllers, ASIC prototyping, communications infrastructure line cards, and embedded computing platforms. Designers often pair the EP2C70F672C6 with external DDR memory, high-speed ADCs/DACs, and PHY devices to build complete digital signal processing pipelines. When designing with this FPGA, ensure PCB layout supports the high pin-count BGA footprint with appropriate via-in-pad or microvia technology for reliable soldering. Plan power-rail sequencing for the 1.2 V core and I/O banks, and use the Quartus II design toolchain for synthesis, placement, and routing. Verify timing closure against the C6 speed grade before tape-out.

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EP2C70F672C6N - Cyclone II FPGA, 68K LE, 672-BGA | Intel/Altera
EP2C70F672C6N

EP2C70F672C6N - Cyclone II FPGA, 68K LE, 672-BGA | Intel/Altera

The Intel/Altera (formerly Altera) EP2C70F672C6N is a Cyclone II family Field-Programmable Gate Array (FPGA) integrating 68,416 logic elements (LEs), 1,152,000 bits of embedded RAM, and 422 maximum user I/O pins in a 672-ball FineLine BGA package. The C6 speed grade combined with the commercial 0C to 85C operating range makes this specific ordering code suited to cost-sensitive, non-automotive embedded designs. An FPGA (Field-Programmable Gate Array) is a programmable semiconductor device built from an array of configurable logic blocks (LABs), programmable interconnect, embedded memory, and hard IP such as PLLs and multipliers, all governed by SRAM-based configuration memory. Within the broader semiconductor taxonomy, FPGAs sit between fixed-function ASICs and software-driven microprocessors, delivering hardware-timed parallelism with in-field reconfigurability. The Cyclone II family targets low-cost, high-volume applications using a 90 nm CMOS process, optimizing logic density per dollar. Key features include 4,276 logic array blocks (LABs), 150 embedded 18x18 multipliers for DSP workloads, and four phase-locked loops (PLLs) for clock synthesis and skew management. The 1,152,000-bit embedded memory is organized in M4K blocks supporting true dual-port, single-port, and FIFO operation modes. The device drives LVDS, LVTTL, LVCMOS, SSTL, and HSTL I/O standards through 422 user I/O pins distributed across eight I/O banks, enabling mixed-voltage interfacing with DDR/DDR2 memories, microprocessors, and high-speed peripherals. Cyclone II architecture is implemented on a 90 nm low-k dielectric CMOS process with copper interconnect, balancing static power, dynamic performance, and density. Internal configuration is stored in SRAM and loaded from external flash or a configuration controller, supporting in-field updates and rapid design iteration. The 672-ball FineLine BGA package with 1.0 mm ball pitch provides full I/O utilization while remaining manageable with conventional PCB fanout techniques. Typical applications include industrial motor control, video processing pipelines, low-cost protocol bridging, embedded vision, telecom line cards, and education or hobby prototyping boards. The combination of embedded 18x18 multipliers and significant logic density supports DSP tasks such as FIR filtering and image preprocessing without external DSP devices. When designing with the EP2C70F672C6N, decide the configuration scheme (AS or JTAG) and clock distribution before PCB layout; the 672-BGA package requires careful fanout with microvia or via-in-pad on lower-layer boards. Decoupling and power estimation must follow the Cyclone II Device Handbook because dynamic power of 68K LEs plus SRAM configuration memory dominates thermal budgeting. This page synthesizes distributor pricing, Cyclone II drop-in alternatives, and practical design notes not found in the manufacturer datasheet alone - useful for both new designs and legacy EOL substitution.

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