Microcontroladores

Productos (19.000+)

PIC18F16Q41-I/SS - 8-bit MCU, 64KB Flash, 64MHz, 20-SSOP | Microchip
PIC18F16Q41-I/SS

PIC18F16Q41-I/SS - 8-bit MCU, 64KB Flash, 64MHz, 20-SSOP | Microchip

The Microchip Technology PIC18F16Q41-I/SS is an 8-bit RISC PIC18 microcontroller delivering 64 MHz CPU performance with 64 KB Flash, 4 KB SRAM, and 512 bytes EEPROM, housed in a 20-pin SSOP package. It integrates advanced analog peripherals including a 12-bit ADC with Computation (ADCC), two 8-bit DAC modules, an on-chip operational amplifier, and a 16-bit PWM with sophisticated control features. The -I/SS suffix indicates the industrial temperature grade (-40C to +85C) and SSOP surface-mount package. A microcontroller (MCU) is an integrated circuit that combines a CPU core, program memory (Flash), data memory (SRAM), non-volatile storage (EEPROM), and configurable peripherals (ADC, timers, PWM, communication interfaces) on a single silicon die. MCUs sit within the broader semiconductor hierarchy as embedded computing devices used for sensor signal acquisition, real-time control loops, and human-machine interfaces. PIC18 MCUs specifically use Microchip's enhanced 8-bit Harvard architecture with a modified RISC instruction set, balancing deterministic execution with low power consumption. Key differentiating features of the PIC18F16Q41 include the ADCC module that automates Capacitive Voltage Divider (CVD) techniques for advanced capacitive touch sensing, averaging, filtering, oversampling and threshold comparison. It also provides four DMA channels, five timers, three complementary waveform generators, and communication peripherals including UART, SPI, and I2C. The 64 KB Flash supports in-circuit serial programming (ICSP) and self-programming for field upgrades. The PIC18F16Q41 architecture uses an 8-bit data path with a 16-bit instruction word, enabling most instructions to execute in a single cycle. The integrated op-amp and dual DACs allow direct interface to analog sensors without external signal conditioning, while the ADCC offloads averaging and threshold decisions from the CPU, freeing cycles for application logic. The wide operating voltage range from 1.8V to 5.5V supports both 3.3V and 5V system designs. Typical applications include capacitive touch user interfaces, sensor signal conditioning, LED lighting control with high-resolution dimming, low-cost BLDC motor control loops, and battery-powered IoT sensor nodes. The compact 20-pin footprint with advanced analog integration is particularly well suited to space-constrained sensor front-ends and appliance control panels. When designing with this device, place decoupling capacitors within 5 mm of each VDD pin and keep analog traces short to minimize ADC noise coupling. The ADCC threshold and averaging settings should be tuned to the specific sensor characteristics to balance response time against noise immunity. This page synthesizes distributor pricing, drop-in alternatives, and practical design notes not found in the manufacturer datasheet alone, supporting both new design engineers and component sourcing professionals.

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PIC18F16Q41T-I/SO - 8-bit MCU, 64KB Flash, 64MHz, 20-SOIC | Microchip
PIC18F16Q41T-I/SO

PIC18F16Q41T-I/SO - 8-bit MCU, 64KB Flash, 64MHz, 20-SOIC | Microchip

The Microchip Technology PIC18F16Q41T-I/SO is an 8-bit PIC18 microcontroller built on the compact, high-performance PIC18-Q41 product family, delivering 64KB of Flash program memory, 4KB of SRAM, and 512 bytes of EEPROM in a 20-pin SOIC package. It runs at up to 64MHz CPU clock and integrates advanced analog peripherals including a 12-bit ADC with Computation (ADCC), two 8-bit DAC modules, an on-chip operational amplifier, two comparators, an 8-bit timer, and a 16-bit PWM module, targeting sensor and real-time control applications. A microcontroller (MCU) is a single-chip computer that integrates a CPU, memory, and programmable I/O peripherals into one package. The PIC18 architecture is an 8-bit RISC Harvard-design family from Microchip that emphasizes deterministic instruction execution, low power consumption, and rich on-chip peripherals. The Q41 sub-family in particular extends the PIC18 line with high-resolution analog (12-bit ADCC with capacitive voltage divider support) and digital signal conditioning (DMA, PPS, math accelerator) for sensor-edge and motor-control designs. Key features of the PIC18F16Q41T-I/SO include 64KB Flash, 4KB RAM, 512B EEPROM, 64MHz core, 12-bit ADCC with CVD for capacitive touch, two 8-bit DACs, on-chip op-amp, two comparators, 16-bit PWM, DMA, peripheral pin select (PPS), and a math accelerator for sensor signal processing. The 12-bit ADCC automates Capacitive Voltage Divider (CVD) measurement for capacitive touch and oversampling for noise reduction, while the math accelerator offloads sensor filtering math from the CPU. Typical applications include capacitive touch user interfaces, sensor signal conditioning with on-chip op-amp buffering, LED lighting and PWM motor control, battery-powered IoT sensor nodes with low-power sleep modes, and small appliances requiring mixed-signal integration. The wide operating voltage and integrated peripherals reduce external component count. When designing with this MCU, ensure the operating voltage range covers battery or USB scenarios and add 0.1uF decoupling near each VDD pin. Use the PPS feature to remap peripherals to any I/O pin, simplifying PCB layout when a design change is needed late in the cycle.

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PIC18F16Q41T-I/SS - 8-bit 64MHz 64KB Flash MCU | Microchip
PIC18F16Q41T-I/SS

PIC18F16Q41T-I/SS - 8-bit 64MHz 64KB Flash MCU | Microchip

The Microchip Technology PIC18F16Q41T-I/SS is an 8-bit PIC microcontroller running at 64 MHz with 64 KB of Flash program memory, 4 KB of SRAM and 512 bytes of EEPROM, packaged in a 20-pin SSOP. Belonging to the PIC18-Q41 family, the device targets compact sensor and real-time control applications where advanced analog integration matters more than raw compute throughput. An 8-bit microcontroller (MCU) is a single-chip computer built around an 8-bit data path, optimized for deterministic real-time control, low power, and ease of programming. PIC microcontrollers sit in the broader taxonomy of microcontroller -> embedded processor -> semiconductor IC, and the PIC18 family in particular adds hardware multiplier and linear memory addressing versus older PIC16 designs. This PIC18-Q41 family distinguishes itself with analog-focused peripherals, making it a hybrid between a traditional 8-bit MCU and a small mixed-signal data-acquisition front-end. Key features include a 12-bit ADC with Computation (ADCC) supporting Capacitive Voltage Divider (CVD) techniques for advanced touch sensing, two 8-bit DAC modules, an on-chip operational amplifier, configurable logic cells, and 16-bit PWM channels. The 64 KB of Flash allows full-speed application code plus a bootloader, while the 512-byte EEPROM offers non-volatile parameter storage without external memory. Core-independent peripherals like CLC, PWM and timers can operate without CPU intervention, reducing firmware complexity. Typical applications include capacitive touch user interfaces, sensor signal conditioning, LED lighting control loops, low-cost closed-loop fans and small-motor control, and battery-powered IoT end nodes where every milliamp matters. Industrial temperature range (-40C to +85C) and the wide 1.8 V to 5.5 V VDD range let the same part serve 3.3 V and 5 V designs without level shifters. When designing with this MCU, route the analog AVSS/AVDD pins separately from digital supplies and keep the 0.1 uF VDD decoupling capacitor within 3 mm of the pin to preserve ADC SNR. The T-suffix part is supplied in Tape & Reel packaging for high-volume SMT lines.

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PIC18F2220-E/SP - 8-Bit 25MHz 4KB Flash MCU | Microchip
PIC18F2220-E/SP

PIC18F2220-E/SP - 8-Bit 25MHz 4KB Flash MCU | Microchip

The Microchip Technology PIC18F2220-E/SP is an 8-bit CMOS flash-based microcontroller built on the PIC18 enhanced RISC architecture, offering 4KB (2K x 16) of program memory, 512 bytes of SRAM, and 256 bytes of EEPROM in a 28-pin SPDIP (Skinny Plastic DIP) through-hole package. It executes instructions at up to 10 MIPS with a 25 MHz oscillator, supports self-programming via ICSP, and integrates 25 I/O pins, two 8/16-bit timer/counters, two analog comparators, a 10-channel 10-bit ADC, an MSSP configurable as SPI or I2C, and two Capture/Compare/PWM modules. The "-E" suffix denotes the extended industrial temperature range of -40C to +125C, making it suitable for harsh-environment designs. A PIC18 microcontroller belongs to the 8-bit microcontroller category, sitting within the broader embedded controller family that includes 16-bit PIC24, 24-bit dsPIC, and 32-bit SAM families. The PIC18 core delivers deterministic single-cycle instruction execution, a C-compiler-friendly architecture with 77 single-word instructions, and upwards code compatibility with PIC16C5X, PIC12CXXX, PIC16CXX, and PIC17CXX devices, giving designers a seamless migration path from legacy code. Peripheral integration and on-chip flash reduce BOM count and PCB footprint for cost-sensitive control loops. Key features include nanoWatt power-managed sleep modes with typical currents under 1 uA, flexible oscillator options including internal RC, HS crystal, and PLL modes, in-circuit debugging (ICD) capability through dedicated pins, and 100,000 erase/write cycle flash endurance with 40-year data retention. The part also supports parallel slave port operation for external bus expansion on compatible variants. According to the manufacturer datasheet, the ADC reference can be tied to VDD or an external pin, and the comparators feature programmable on-chip reference generators. Typical applications include consumer appliances, sensor-conditioning front ends, low-end motor control loops, automotive body electronics (when used within its temperature rating), HVAC fan/valve controllers, battery chargers, and home-automation sensor hubs. The integrated ADC and comparators simplify mixed-signal designs that previously required external ADC ICs. Designers migrating from PIC16C/F series benefit from extended instruction set, hardware multiply, and priority-interrupt controller without code rewrites. When designing with this part, note that the SPDIP package is preferred for hand-prototyping and breadboarding but is less suitable for high-vibration or high-density SMT designs. Brown-out reset voltage is software-configurable between 2.05V and 4.5V, and an LVD module with interrupt is available. Designers should always include a 100 nF decoupling capacitor on VDD, follow Microchip's recommended analog-ground layout practice when using the ADC, and verify that ICD pin assignments are not repurposed on production boards. This page synthesizes distributor pricing, drop-in alternatives, and practical design notes not found in the manufacturer datasheet.

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PIC18F2220-I/SO - 8-Bit 40MHz 4KB Flash MCU 28-SOIC | Microchip
PIC18F2220-I/SO

PIC18F2220-I/SO - 8-Bit 40MHz 4KB Flash MCU 28-SOIC | Microchip

The Microchip Technology PIC18F2220-I/SO is an 8-bit PIC microcontroller with 4KB (2K x 16) of Flash program memory, 512 bytes of SRAM, and 256 bytes of EEPROM, operating at up to 40 MHz and housed in a 28-pin SOIC package. The device integrates 25 I/O pins, a 10-channel 10-bit Analog-to-Digital (A/D) converter, two analog comparators, two Capture/Compare/PWM modules, an addressable USART, and a Master Synchronous Serial Port configurable as either 3-wire SPI or 2-wire I2C. An 8-bit microcontroller (MCU) is a single-chip computer built around an 8-bit data bus architecture, typically using CISC or RISC instruction sets, that integrates CPU, RAM, non-volatile program memory, and peripherals. In the broader hierarchy, the PIC18F2220 sits inside the PIC18 family (8-bit PIC), which itself belongs to Microchip's PIC microcontroller portfolio, then to the microcontroller (MCU) class, and ultimately to embedded computing within the semiconductor hierarchy. The 'F' suffix denotes Flash program memory, while '2220' encodes the 28-pin pinout and 4KB Flash density. The 8-bit MCU segment targets cost-sensitive, deterministic embedded control where low power, small code footprint, and rich on-chip peripherals outweigh raw CPU throughput. Key features of the PIC18F2220 include nanoWatt Technology power management (multiple idle/sleep modes), self-programmability, an ICD (In-Circuit Debugger) interface, and a C-compiler-friendly enhanced instruction set. The 10-bit ADC supports 10 channels of analog input, and the dual comparators enable mixed-signal designs without external components. The SSP and AUSART peripherals support communication with sensors, displays, and other MCUs at speeds sufficient for industrial control loops and consumer interfaces. Architecture-wise, the device uses an enhanced RISC core with 16-bit opcodes, an 8-level hardware stack, and a Harvard memory organization that separates program (Flash) and data (SRAM) buses for deterministic instruction fetch. The nanoWatt feature set includes secondary oscillator, ultra-low-power wake-up, and run-time oscillator switching that lets active current drop into the microamp range during idle periods - critical for battery-powered sensor nodes and remote controls. Typical applications for the PIC18F2220-I/SO include industrial control modules, low-cost sensor interfaces, consumer appliances, battery-powered remote controls, HVAC thermostat nodes, and small motor or fan controllers. Its 25 I/O and dual CCP also suit hobbyist and educational projects where the PIC18 instruction set is preferred over ARM Cortex-M0 parts. Design consideration: ensure decoupling on VDD/VSS pairs (typically 100 nF ceramic), place the MCLR pull-up within 1 cm of the pin, and observe Flash endurance limits (typically 10K erase/write cycles) if the application uses runtime self-programming. This page synthesizes XAIPART distributor pricing, pin-compatible drop-in alternatives from the same PIC18 family, and practical design notes that go beyond what the manufacturer datasheet alone provides.

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PIC18F2220-I/SP - 8-bit 40MHz 4KB Flash MCU 28-SPDIP | Microchip
PIC18F2220-I/SP

PIC18F2220-I/SP - 8-bit 40MHz 4KB Flash MCU 28-SPDIP | Microchip

The Microchip Technology PIC18F2220-I/SP is an 8-bit PIC18 microcontroller built on a RISC architecture with nanoWatt technology, delivering 40 MIPS (200 ns instruction cycle) at 40 MHz while consuming as little as 0.25 mA in sleep mode. The part ships in a 28-pin SPDIP (SP) through-hole package with industrial temperature range -40C to +85C, designated by the I suffix. A microcontroller (MCU) is a single-chip computer containing a CPU, memory (Flash/EEPROM/RAM), and programmable peripherals. The PIC18 family is an enhanced 8-bit Harvard-architecture MCU family widely used in cost-sensitive embedded control, with PIC18F2220 positioned at the small-memory end (4 KB Flash, 256 B EEPROM, 512 B RAM). Within the broader taxonomy: PIC18F2220 -> PIC18 -> PIC -> 8-bit MCU -> microcontroller -> embedded processor -> semiconductor. The PIC18F2220 integrates 10 channels of 10-bit Analog-to-Digital conversion (ADC), two analog comparators, two Capture/Compare/PWM (CCP) modules, and a synchronous serial port configurable as either SPI or I2C. Additional peripherals include an EUSART, two 8-bit timers plus one 16-bit timer, a parallel slave port, self-programming Flash, an ICD debug interface, and nanoWatt power-managed modes that drop supply current below 1 uA in sleep. Architecturally, the device uses a 16-bit wide instruction word with separate 16-bit instruction and 8-bit data buses, allowing the CPU to fetch an instruction and read data on the same cycle for sustained 40 MIPS throughput. Six power-managed modes, selectable in firmware, switch the system clock between the primary oscillator, the secondary 32 kHz oscillator, and the internal RC oscillator, enabling trade-offs between throughput and consumption. Brown-out reset, watchdog timer, and code-protect bits provide field robustness. Typical applications include consumer appliance controls, low-cost sensor interfaces, battery-powered instrumentation, LED driver controllers, hobbyist and educational hardware, and industrial control nodes where 4 KB of Flash is sufficient. The wide operating voltage range (2.0 V to 5.5 V) supports both 3.3 V and 5 V rails. Designs requiring serial bootloaders or RS-232 bridging are common given the integrated EUSART. When designing with the PIC18F2220, observe VDD/VSS decoupling of 0.1 uF at every supply pin and ensure the MCLR pin has the recommended 10 kohm pull-up. Use the ICD interface (PGC/PGD) for in-circuit debug during development. The 28-pin SPDIP footprint also enables through-hole prototyping on breadboards and perforated boards - an advantage over surface-mount-only MCU families. This page synthesizes distributor pricing, drop-in same-package alternatives from Microchip's own portfolio and competitor cross-references, and practical design notes not found on any single source page. Information is current as of 2026-09-26.

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PIC18F2221-E/ML - 8-Bit 25MHz 4KB Flash MCU 28-QFN | Microchip
PIC18F2221-E/ML

PIC18F2221-E/ML - 8-Bit 25MHz 4KB Flash MCU 28-QFN | Microchip

The Microchip Technology PIC18F2221-E/ML is an 8-bit CMOS Flash-based microcontroller from the PIC18F family, delivering 10 MIPS performance (100 ns instruction execution) in a 28-pin QFN (6x6 mm) package with exposed thermal pad. It integrates 4KB (2K x 16) of Flash program memory, 512 bytes of SRAM, and 256 bytes of EEPROM, alongside 25 digital I/O pins and a 10-bit ADC with up to 10 input channels. An 8-bit microcontroller (MCU) is a programmable computing-on-a-chip that executes instructions on 8-bit data words. It belongs to the broader category of microcontrollers, which are single-chip systems integrating CPU, memory, and peripherals. The PIC18F2221 sits within Microchip's PIC18 family, which extends the PIC16 baseline architecture with linear addressing, C-friendly memory organization, and enhanced peripherals. Within the product hierarchy, an 8-bit MCU is the simplest class of programmable logic, sitting below 16-bit (MSP430, PIC24) and 32-bit (Cortex-M) controllers. Key specifications include a 25 MHz maximum clock (40 MHz oscillator input via PLL), 16-bit instructions, 77 single-word instruction set, hardware multiply, nanoWatt power management for low-power sleep modes, an internal oscillator, and an enhanced USART, I2C, and SPI serial interface. The PIC18F2221 operates across 2.0V to 5.5V, with the E suffix denoting the extended -40C to +125C industrial temperature grade. The 28-QFN package provides a low-profile 6x6 mm footprint with an exposed pad for thermal dissipation. The PIC18F2221 is built on Microchip's enhanced Harvard architecture with separate program and data buses, supporting pipelined fetch/decode and a 16-bit instruction word optimized for compiled C code. It features 10-bit PWM modules, a programmable 16-level hardware stack, and self-programming Flash with ICSP (In-Circuit Serial Programming). The nanoWatt technology delivers idle currents below 1 uA in sleep modes, making it well-suited for battery-powered applications. Typical applications include industrial sensor nodes, white goods control, low-cost motor control, USB-to-UART bridges, LED lighting controllers, and automotive body modules. It is also widely used in educational and hobbyist platforms such as PICkit 3 starter kits due to its low price and mature toolchain (MPLAB X IDE + XC8 compiler). When designing with the PIC18F2221-E/ML, ensure the exposed pad is soldered to the PCB ground plane for thermal performance and electrical reference. Use MPLAB X IDE with the free XC8 compiler and select the PIC18F2221 device for full peripheral library support. For applications above 40 MHz or requiring DSP capability, evaluate the dsPIC33 or PIC24 families instead.

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PIC18F2221-E/SO - 8-bit 25MHz 4KB Flash MCU 28-SOIC | Microchip
PIC18F2221-E/SO

PIC18F2221-E/SO - 8-bit 25MHz 4KB Flash MCU 28-SOIC | Microchip

The Microchip Technology PIC18F2221-E/SO is an 8-bit CMOS Flash-based microcontroller from the PIC18F family, delivering 10 MIPS performance at 25 MHz clock speed and integrating 4 KB of Flash program memory in a 28-pin SOIC package. The device exposes 25 I/O ports, operates from a 4.2 V to 5.5 V supply rail, and combines a RISC core with only 77 single-word instructions for compact, deterministic code execution. Per the Microchip product page, the PIC18F2221 family integrates 256 bytes of EEPROM, self-programming support, in-circuit debugging (ICD), 2 CCP (capture/compare/PWM) modules, a 13-channel 10-bit ADC, 2 comparators, and an SSP configurable for SPI or I2C. A microcontroller (MCU) is a single-chip computer that combines a CPU, program and data memory, peripherals, and I/O on one IC. The PIC18F family sits between the 8-bit PIC16 line and the 16-bit dsPIC33/PIC24 families, offering higher performance (10 MIPS vs 5 MIPS), enhanced peripherals, and wider Flash density while retaining the easy-to-learn PIC instruction set. The PIC18F2221 belongs to the smaller pin-count (28/40/44-pin) Enhanced Flash MCU family, optimized for cost-sensitive general-purpose embedded designs. Key features of the PIC18F2221-E/SO include nanoWatt power management for low-power sleep and idle modes, a wide operating temperature range (the “E” suffix denotes -40C to +125C extended grade), 512 bytes of SRAM, and 256 bytes of EEPROM for non-volatile data. The 25 MHz oscillator produces 100 ns instruction cycles, with a 4x PLL option available. The internal architecture is a Harvard design with separate program and data buses, allowing simultaneous instruction fetch and data access. Typical applications include consumer white goods, home appliance controls, low-end sensor hubs, automotive body electronics (with extended temperature grade), industrial control panels, and low-bandwidth motor control. The 13-channel 10-bit ADC suits temperature, voltage, and current sensing; the CCP modules drive simple PWM actuators. Per Microchip documentation, the part is upward code-compatible with PIC16C5X, PIC12CXXX, PIC16CXX, and PIC17CXX devices, easing legacy code migration. When designing with this MCU, ensure decoupling capacitors (typically 0.1 uF ceramic) are placed within 5 mm of VDD/VSS pins. The 28-SOIC package exposes 25 I/O; reserve pins for MCLR (reset), OSC1/OSC2 (crystal) or INTOSC for new designs. Program the device via ICSP using the PGD/PGC pair. This page synthesizes distributor pricing, drop-in alternatives, and design guidance beyond what the manufacturer datasheet alone provides, sourced from DigiKey, Mouser, and Microchip product pages.

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PIC18F2221-I/SS - 8-Bit 40MHz 4KB Flash MCU 28-SSOP | Microchip
PIC18F2221-I/SS

PIC18F2221-I/SS - 8-Bit 40MHz 4KB Flash MCU 28-SSOP | Microchip

The Microchip Technology PIC18F2221-I/SS is an 8-bit PIC18 enhanced Flash microcontroller built on a RISC architecture, delivering up to 40 MHz / 16 MIPS throughput and integrating 4KB (2K x 16) of self-programming Flash program memory in a 28-pin SSOP (Shrink Small Outline Package). It is qualified to the industrial -40C to +85C operating range (denoted by the -I suffix) and targets 5V systems requiring nanoWatt power management. An 8-bit PIC microcontroller is a Harvard-architecture RISC CPU designed for deterministic, low-power embedded control. Within the broader taxonomy, PIC18 sits above baseline PIC10/12/16 parts and below 16-bit dsPIC/PIC24 and 32-bit PIC32 devices. The PIC18 family adds 16-bit instructions, a hardware multiplier, linear RAM access up to 4KB and C-compiler friendly addressing, making it a workhorse for cost-sensitive real-time control applications. Key features of the PIC18F2221-I/SS include 256 bytes of EEPROM, 512 bytes of SRAM, 25 digital I/O pins, 13 channels of 10-bit Analog-to-Digital conversion, two analog comparators, two Capture/Compare/PWM modules, a Master Synchronous Serial Port configurable as SPI or I2C, an ICD (In-Circuit Debug) interface and nanoWatt technology with multiple power-managed modes including Idle, Sleep and peripheral gating. Technically, the PIC18F2221 combines a hardware multiplier, 8x8 hardware multiply in a single cycle and 31-level stack with 200ns instruction execution at 20 MHz (40 MHz oscillator input via 4x PLL or external). The 10-bit ADC supports up to 13 analog input channels with acquisition time programmable via software, and the MSSP peripheral provides both SPI and I2C master/slave modes. The nanoWatt power-managed modes enable typical sleep currents in the microamp range, suitable for battery-backed designs. Typical applications for the PIC18F2221-I/SS include low-cost consumer appliances, white-goods control boards, HVAC sensor interfacing, battery chargers, security alarm panels, motor control (small DC/BLDC via PWM and comparator) and industrial sensor hubs where 5V I/O and IEC 61010-1 isolation-friendly logic levels are required. When designing with the PIC18F2221-I/SS, allocate a minimum 0.1uF decoupling capacitor adjacent to each VDD/VSS pair and follow Microchip's Emulation/ICD connection guidelines if you intend to use the on-chip debug hardware. Devices with the same flash size but different pin count exist (PIC18F2221 = 28-pin, PIC18F4321 = 44-pin); always match the package to the PCB footprint before sourcing.

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PIC18F2221T-I/ML - 4KB Flash 8-bit MCU, 28-QFN | Microchip
PIC18F2221T-I/ML

PIC18F2221T-I/ML - 4KB Flash 8-bit MCU, 28-QFN | Microchip

The Microchip Technology PIC18F2221T-I/ML is a 4 KB Flash, 512-byte SRAM CMOS Flash-based 8-bit microcontroller from the PIC18F family, supplied in a 28-pin QFN (6x6 mm) package with exposed pad and supplied on tape-and-reel. The T suffix designates Tape & Reel packaging, I indicates the -40C to +85C industrial temperature range, and ML denotes the QFN-28 (6x6 mm) package. The device delivers 10 MIPS throughput (100 ns instruction execution) from a 77-instruction RISC core with single-cycle hardware multiply support. An 8-bit microcontroller (MCU) is a single-chip computer built around an 8-bit data bus, integrating CPU core, program memory (Flash), data memory (RAM), peripheral set, and I/O ports. The PIC18F family is the enhanced 8-bit tier within Microchip's PIC architecture, sitting above PIC16F and below the dsPIC/PIC24 16-bit families, and is upward-compatible with PIC16C5X, PIC12CXXX, PIC16CXX, and PIC17CXX devices for portable firmware. Within the broader semiconductor hierarchy, an 8-bit MCU belongs to integrated circuits, then microcontrollers, then embedded controllers, and finally the category of embedded processing. Key features include 4 KB (2K x 16) Flash program memory, 512 bytes SRAM, 256 bytes EEPROM, ten 10-bit ADC channels with nanoWatt Technology power management, and enhanced Capture/Compare/PWM (ECCP) plus CCP modules. The part operates from 2.0 V to 5.5 V across the industrial temperature window, supports internal 31 kHz to 8 MHz oscillator blocks, and provides up to 22 I/O pins with high-current sink/source capability. The device is built on a low-power CMOS process with nanoWatt Technology dynamic power switching, idle/sleep modes, and oscillator start-up timer. Hardware peripherals include a master synchronous serial port (MSSP) configurable as SPI or I2C, an enhanced USART with LIN support, and a 10-bit ADC with auto-acquisition and 8 input-mux channels convertible in groups. Typical applications include consumer white goods, motor-control sensor interfaces, low-power remote sensing nodes, industrial control panels, and battery-charging accessory controllers where Flash re-programmability, low sleep current, and small footprint matter. The QFN-28 package suits hand-held and space-constrained designs. Program development is supported by MPLAB X IDE, MPLAB XC8 compiler, and PICkit or ICD programmer tools for in-circuit debug. When designing with this part, note that the QFN-28 PCB footprint requires a 6x6 mm land pattern with a central thermal pad for ground and thermal dissipation - omitting the thermal pad will force current limits. Decouple VDD with a 0.1 uF and bulk 1-10 uF capacitor pair close to the pins, and follow Microchip's QFN landing-pattern guideline for via stitching under the e-pad. This page synthesizes distributor pricing, tape-and-reel drop-in alternatives from the same Microchip PIC18F family, and practical design notes not found in the manufacturer datasheet.

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PIC18F2221T-I/SO - 8-bit PIC MCU 4KB Flash 40MHz | Microchip
PIC18F2221T-I/SO

PIC18F2221T-I/SO - 8-bit PIC MCU 4KB Flash 40MHz | Microchip

The Microchip Technology PIC18F2221T-I/SO is a CMOS Flash-based 8-bit PIC microcontroller from the PIC18F family, packaged in a 28-pin SOIC (Tape & Reel). It delivers 10 MIPS throughput (100 ns instruction execution) from a Harvard RISC architecture with only 77 single-word instructions, packed into a compact 28-pin outline that is upward-compatible with the broader PIC18 family. The device integrates 4 KB (2K x 16) of Flash program memory and 512 bytes of SRAM, paired with a 10-bit A/D converter offering 10 input channels. An 8-bit microcontroller (MCU) is a single-chip computer built around an 8-bit data path, optimized for low cost, deterministic real-time control, and ease of programming. PIC microcontrollers belong to the broader class of microcontrollers -> embedded controllers -> semiconductors. The PIC18F family is positioned in Microchip's mid-range 8-bit portfolio, above baseline PIC10/12/16 devices in peripheral integration and below PIC24/dsPIC parts in raw compute. It targets applications that need more code space, peripheral mix, and arithmetic throughput than entry-level PICs without paying for a 16-bit core. Key features of the PIC18F2221T-I/SO include a 40 MHz internal oscillator source, three serial communication peripherals (I2C, SPI, and UART/USART with LIN support), 25 general-purpose I/O pins, nanoWatt Technology for power-managed sleep modes, and an industrial operating temperature range of -40C to +85C. The part's 28-SOIC (0.295 inch / 7.50 mm width) package makes it friendly to hand-soldering and rework on through-hole-style pad layouts. Technically, the device is built on a CMOS process with Flash program memory that supports self-programming under firmware control. The nanoWatt Technology modes (Idle, Sleep, and a low-power Timer1 oscillator) allow standby currents in the microamp range, making the PIC18F2221 attractive for battery-backed or energy-harvesting designs. The 10-bit A/D converter with 10 channels simplifies mixed-signal designs that read multiple sensors without an external ADC. Typical applications include small consumer appliances, sensor interface boards, USB-to-UART bridges, industrial control modules, automotive interior accessories (non-safety), and educational/hobbyist embedded platforms. The "T" suffix denotes Tape & Reel packaging and the "I" indicates the industrial -40C to +85C temperature grade. When designing with this part, allocate sufficient decoupling on VDD/AVDD pairs and respect the 28-pin pinout multiplexed between analog and digital functions. Engineers familiar with the PIC18 instruction set can move code between PIC18F2221 and its 40-pin / 44-pin siblings (2321, 2420, 2520, 2525, 2620, 4520, 4550) with limited effort because of the family's upward compatibility. This page synthesizes distributor pricing, drop-in SOIC-28 alternatives, and design notes not found in the manufacturer datasheet alone.

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PIC18F2320-E/SP - 8KB Flash 25MHz 8-bit MCU | Microchip
PIC18F2320-E/SP

PIC18F2320-E/SP - 8KB Flash 25MHz 8-bit MCU | Microchip

The Microchip Technology PIC18F2320-E/SP is an 8-bit PIC18-family CMOS flash microcontroller (MCU) running at up to 25 MHz (10 MIPS typical, 16 MIPS peak) and housed in a 28-pin SPDIP (Skinny Plastic DIP) through-hole package. The part integrates 8 KB of flash program memory (4K x 16), 512 bytes of SRAM, 256 bytes of EEPROM, and 25 digital I/O pins, making it a drop-in member of the well-known PIC18F2320/2420/2520/2620 pin-compatible family. A microcontroller (MCU) is a single-chip computer that integrates a CPU core, program memory, working RAM, non-volatile storage, and programmable peripherals. The PIC18 family uses Microchip's enhanced Harvard RISC architecture with a 16-bit instruction word and an 8-bit data path, sitting in the broader hierarchy: 8-bit MCU -> microcontroller -> embedded controller -> semiconductor. PIC18 devices are C compiler-friendly (MPLAB XC8), widely used in cost-sensitive industrial and consumer designs where 5V tolerant I/O, deterministic interrupt latency, and long-life flash retention matter more than raw MHz. Key specifications include a 25 MHz maximum clock (40 ns instruction cycle at 4x PLL), 10 channels of 10-bit ADC, two analog comparators, two Capture/Compare/PWM modules, a synchronous serial port configurable as SPI or I2C, an ICD (In-Circuit Debug) interface, and self-programming capability for boot-loader upgrades. The 'E' temperature grade designates the -40C to +125C extended industrial range, while the '/SP' suffix denotes the 28-pin 0.300-inch SPDIP tube package. The architecture is built around a 16-bit enhanced instruction set with hardware multiplier, 32 kHz secondary oscillator for low-power Timer1 operation, and dual oscillator options for USB-friendly clocking on sibling parts. Internal peripherals are mapped through Microchip's standard peripheral libraries and are accessible via the MPLAB X IDE tool chain, ensuring broad third-party code support. Typical applications include industrial control, sensor interface boards, low-end consumer appliances, motor control signal conditioning, and hobby/educational platforms where the PIC18 ecosystem, easy programming (ICSP), and long-term Microchip supply commitments outweigh the appeal of newer Cortex-M0 parts. Designers also use the PIC18F2320 as a co-processor in mixed-rail systems needing 5V I/O tolerance. When designing with this device, budget the oscillator start-up timer (OST) and power-on reset (PWRT) delays in time-critical loops, and place the decoupling 100 nF capacitor within 5 mm of VDD. For high-noise environments, enable the hardware Watchdog Timer with a postscaler longer than the longest legitimate loop iteration. This page synthesizes distributor pricing, drop-in alternatives, and practical design notes not found in the manufacturer datasheet alone.

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PIC18F2320T-I/SO - 8-bit MCU, 8KB Flash, 40MHz | Microchip
PIC18F2320T-I/SO

PIC18F2320T-I/SO - 8-bit MCU, 8KB Flash, 40MHz | Microchip

The Microchip Technology PIC18F2320T-I/SO is an 8-bit CMOS Flash-based PIC microcontroller delivering 10 MIPS performance (100 ns instruction execution) in a 28-pin SOIC wide-body package, with 8 KB (4K x 16) of program Flash, 512 bytes of RAM, and 25 digital I/O pins. A microcontroller (MCU) is a single-chip computer that integrates a CPU core, program memory (Flash/ROM), working memory (RAM), and programmable peripherals onto one die. The PIC18F family occupies the mid-tier of Microchip's 8-bit PIC architecture, sitting between baseline PIC10/12/16 devices and the enhanced PIC24/dsPIC families; PIC MCUs are widely used for deterministic real-time control in industrial, automotive, and consumer embedded systems. The PIC18F2320 specifically targets cost-sensitive applications needing 10-bit ADC, nanoWatt power management, and 25 I/O in compact 28-pin packages. Key features include 8 KB self-programmable Flash program memory, 256 bytes of EEPROM data storage, an internal 8 MHz oscillator (4x PLL to 40 MHz), a 10-bit ADC with up to 10 channels, two 8-bit timers plus two 16-bit timers, and nanoWatt Technology power-saving modes. The wide SOIC package supports hand-soldering and easy prototype rework. The PIC18F2320 employs a RISC Harvard-design architecture with 77 single-word instructions, hardware multiplier (8x8 single-cycle), and an enhanced instruction set with C-friendly addressing. The Flash memory supports ICSP (In-Circuit Serial Programming) and self-programming under firmware control, enabling field upgrades and bootloader designs. Typical applications include industrial sensor conditioning, small appliance control, HVAC fan/blower controllers, general-purpose 8-bit embedded control boards, motor driver interfaces, low-cost data loggers, and consumer remote controllers. The 25 I/O and 10-bit ADC let the MCU directly digitize analog inputs and drive relay or MOSFET outputs. When designing with this part, mind the wide-SOIC pin pitch of 1.27 mm versus SOIC-8 (1.27 mm narrow) footprint alignment. The 'T' suffix indicates tape-and-reel packaging; the 'I' suffix specifies the industrial -40C to +85C operating range. If you need more memory, see PIC18F2321 (8 KB Flash + nanoWatt) or PIC18F4520 (32 KB) as drop-in scaling options in the same SOIC-28 footprint. This page synthesizes distributor pricing, drop-in same-brand alternates, and engineering design guidance beyond what appears in the manufacturer datasheet alone, with all values cross-checked against distributor inventory data as of 2026-09-26.

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PIC18F2321-E/ML - 8-bit MCU, 8KB Flash, 25MHz | Microchip
PIC18F2321-E/ML

PIC18F2321-E/ML - 8-bit MCU, 8KB Flash, 25MHz | Microchip

The Microchip Technology PIC18F2321-E/ML is an 8-bit PIC18 RISC microcontroller with 8KB (4K x 16) of Flash program memory, 512 bytes of RAM, and 256 bytes of EEPROM, housed in a 28-pin QFN-EP (6x6 mm) package with exposed thermal pad. It operates at up to 25MHz (40 MIPS at 10MHz input / 4 clock architecture), features 25 digital I/O pins, and includes a 10-channel 10-bit ADC, two analog comparators, two CCP modules, and nanoWatt power management technology for low-power operation. The part designation "/ML" denotes the 28-QFN surface-mount package. A microcontroller (MCU) is a single-chip computer containing a CPU core, program memory, RAM, and integrated peripherals such as ADCs, timers, and communication interfaces. PIC18 microcontrollers sit in the mid-range 8-bit hierarchy (PIC10/12/16/18 family -> 8-bit MCU -> microcontroller -> embedded IC) and use a 16-bit instruction set with an 8-bit data path, balancing code efficiency against simplicity. The PIC18F2321 specifically is part of the PIC18F2x21/4x21/4x31 family that scales from 28 to 44 pins with shared peripherals and pinout-compatible memory maps. Key features of the PIC18F2321-E/ML include nanoWatt technology with multiple low-power modes (Sleep, Idle, and RTCC alarm wake-up), an internal oscillator block, self-programmability for in-field firmware updates, ICD (In-Circuit Debug) support, and a synchronous serial port configurable as SPI (3-wire) or I2C (2-wire). The 10-bit ADC provides 10 channels of conversion with selectable acquisition time, and two analog comparators with configurable reference allow mixed-signal designs without external components. Architecturally, the PIC18F2321 uses an enhanced Harvard architecture with separate program and data buses, supporting linear memory addressing up to 2 MB. Its instruction set is C-compiler-friendly, and the device supports 75 instructions plus a hardware multiplier for 8x8 unsigned multiply in one cycle. Wide operating voltage (2.0V to 5.5V typical; the -E suffix denotes the extended -40C to +125C temperature grade) and robust ESD protection suit industrial environments. Typical applications include industrial control nodes, sensor signal conditioning with on-chip ADC, low-power battery-powered remote sensors, automotive body and HVAC controllers, and consumer appliance control boards. Designers favor this part for its combination of legacy code compatibility, ample analog integration, and broad tool support (MPLAB X, XC8 compiler, PICkit programmers). When designing with this MCU, ensure decoupling on VDD/AVDD/VSS with 100nF ceramics at each pin pair, plus a 10uF bulk capacitor on the main supply rail. Configure unused I/O as outputs low and disable unused peripherals via firmware to minimize current draw in Sleep mode. This page synthesizes distributor pricing, parametric comparison with drop-in alternatives, and practical design notes not found in the manufacturer datasheet alone - including nanoWatt mode trade-offs and pin-compatible migration paths within the PIC18F2xxx family.

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PIC18F2321-E/SO - 8-bit MCU, 8KB Flash, 28-SOIC | Microchip
PIC18F2321-E/SO

PIC18F2321-E/SO - 8-bit MCU, 8KB Flash, 28-SOIC | Microchip

The Microchip PIC18F2321-E/SO is an 8-bit CMOS Flash-based RISC microcontroller delivering 10 MIPS (100 ns instruction execution) through 77 single-word instructions, housed in a 28-pin SOIC package. The device integrates 8 KB of Flash program memory, 512 bytes of SRAM, and 256 bytes of EEPROM data memory, with 25 digital I/O lines operating across a 4.2 V to 5.5 V supply range. The 'E' suffix denotes the extended operating temperature grade of -40 C to +125 C, suitable for industrial and harsh-environment deployments. A microcontroller (MCU) is a single-chip computer containing a CPU, non-volatile program memory, volatile data memory, and peripheral interfaces. The PIC18F2321 belongs to the PIC18 enhanced family that places an 8-bit accumulator-based RISC core alongside configurable peripherals such as 10-bit A/D converters, USART, MSSP (SPI/I2C), CCP modules, and nanoWatt power-management modes. This hierarchy - MCU > 8-bit MCU > PIC18 family > PIC18F2x21 sub-family - allows the part to drop into designs originally targeting PIC16 or PIC17 cores via upward-compatible instruction subsets. Key features include four timer modules (Timer0/Timer1/Timer2/Timer3), one 10-bit ADC with 10 input channels, two comparators, an enhanced CCP module, a USART with addressable RS-485 mode, and nanoWatt sleep/Idle modes drawing microamp-level current. The 28-SOIC footprint is the same plastic EIAJ SOIC-28 outline (7.50 mm body width) used across the PIC18F2221/2321/4221/4321 family, easing multi-platform PCB reuse. The architecture uses a 16-bit instruction word with a two-stage pipeline, allowing single-cycle execution of most instructions and predictable interrupt latency below 200 ns. The Flash memory supports self-programming under firmware control, enabling in-field bootloader updates without external programmers. Hardware CRC, configurable oscillator modes (HS, XT, RC, INTIO, PLL), and a 4x phase-locked loop (PLL) option extend the part to a 40 MHz internal clock while supporting a 10 MHz crystal source. Typical applications include industrial sensor conditioning, motor control signal generation, low-end USB-to-UART bridges, HVAC controllers, and consumer appliance user-interface boards. The wide I/O count and 10-bit ADC integration make it attractive for white-goods and instrumentation front-ends where BOM cost dominates MCU selection. When designing with this device, observe the Microchip 'Mid-Range Compatibility' advisory: Vdd rise-time must meet the brown-out reset (BOR) specification, and decoupling requires at least one 0.1 uF ceramic capacitor per Vdd/Vss pair placed within 5 mm of the pins. Confirm Flash endurance of 100 k cycles before designing for high-write-rate EEPROM emulation. This page synthesizes distributor pricing, drop-in alternatives, and practical design notes drawn from the PIC18F2221/2321/4221/4321 datasheet family. All specifications cross-reference the Microchip product page, and parameter compatibility is verified against the official 28-pin PICmicro compatibility chart.

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PIC18F2321-E/SS - 8-bit 25MHz MCU, 8KB Flash, 28-SSOP | Microchip
PIC18F2321-E/SS

PIC18F2321-E/SS - 8-bit 25MHz MCU, 8KB Flash, 28-SSOP | Microchip

The Microchip Technology PIC18F2321-E/SS is a high-performance 8-bit CMOS Flash-based microcontroller from the PIC18 family, delivering 10 MIPS performance with 8KB of Flash program memory, 512 bytes of RAM, and 256 bytes of EEPROM in a 28-pin SSOP package. It operates at up to 40 MHz clock speed with 25 MHz instruction execution, runs from a 4.2V to 5.5V supply, and supports 25 digital I/O pins across multiple ports. An 8-bit microcontroller (MCU) is a single-chip computer that integrates a CPU, memory, and peripherals on one die. The PIC18 family uses Microchip's enhanced Harvard RISC architecture with 77 single-word instructions, placing these parts in the hierarchy: microcontroller -> embedded MCU -> 8-bit MCU -> PIC18 family -> CMOS Flash MCU. The 'F' suffix indicates Flash program memory (vs. older ROM/EPROM), while the PIC18 line is the entry tier above PIC16, offering linear memory access, prioritized interrupts, and a 16-bit instruction word that improves code density. Key features of the PIC18F2321-E/SS include a 10-bit Analog-to-Digital Converter (ADC) with up to 10 input channels, two analog comparators, two Capture/Compare/PWM (CCP) modules, a master Synchronous Serial Port (SSP) configurable as SPI or I2C, and nanoWatt power management for low-power operation. The 'E' suffix indicates the Extended temperature grade of -40C to +125C, while the '/SS' suffix denotes the 28-pin Shrink Small Outline Package (SSOP) suited for compact designs. The architecture uses an 8-bit data path with a 16-bit instruction word, separate program and data buses (Harvard), a hardware multiplier (8x8 single-cycle), and a 32-level hardware stack. nanoWatt Technology provides multiple idle/sleep modes with on-the-fly oscillator switching to balance compute throughput against quiescent draw. The 10-bit ADC with successive approximation delivers conversion in ~16 instruction cycles and can be used for sensor monitoring in industrial control loops. Typical applications include industrial sensor signal conditioning, motor control peripherals, HVAC actuator interfaces, automotive body electronics (extended temperature grade), low-cost consumer devices, and battery-powered sensor nodes. The combination of CCP, ADC, comparators, and SSP makes the PIC18F2321 a versatile general-purpose controller for embedded designs where deterministic response and small footprint are priorities. When designing with this part, ensure decoupling capacitors (0.1 uF ceramic plus bulk) are placed close to VDD/VSS pairs, configure the configuration bits correctly for the chosen oscillator mode, and use the In-Circuit Serial Programming (ICSP) interface for firmware development. The MCLR pin reset behavior and brown-out reset thresholds must be set in configuration words to match the system's noise environment. This page synthesizes distributor pricing, drop-in same-package alternatives, application guidance, and design notes that go beyond what is in the Microchip datasheet alone. Last verified against distributor and manufacturer data on 2026-09-26.

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PIC18F2321-I/ML - 8-Bit PIC MCU, 40MHz, 8KB Flash 28-QFN | Microchip
PIC18F2321-I/ML

PIC18F2321-I/ML - 8-Bit PIC MCU, 40MHz, 8KB Flash 28-QFN | Microchip

The Microchip Technology PIC18F2321-I/ML is a high-performance 8-bit CMOS Flash microcontroller in the PIC18F family, delivering 10 MIPS throughput at a 40 MHz clock (100 ns instruction cycle) from a 28-pin QFN package (6x6 mm). It integrates 8 KB of Flash program memory (4K x 16 words), 512 bytes of RAM, and 256 bytes of EEPROM, alongside the enhanced PIC18 instruction set of only 77 single-word instructions. An 8-bit microcontroller (MCU) is a small computer-on-a-chip built around an 8-bit data bus, executing instructions at a CPU register width of 8 bits. The PIC18F2321 belongs to the broader PIC18 family (Microchip PIC) within the hierarchy: 8-bit MCU -> microcontroller -> embedded controller -> semiconductor IC. Its RISC-based Harvard architecture, 16-bit instruction word, and 8-bit data path make it easier to learn than 32-bit Cortex-M parts while still offering on-chip peripherals for real-time control. Key features include a 10-bit ADC with up to 10 channels, a configurable Enhanced Capture/Compare/PWM (ECCP) module, two analog comparators, a hardware USART with LIN support, an SPI/I2C MSSP module, and nanoWatt Technology for power-managed sleep modes. The 28-VQFN (6x6 mm) package with exposed pad provides a low thermal resistance footprint suited to compact PCB designs. The PIC18F2321 uses a 16-bit-wide Flash program memory interface with a modified Harvard architecture, an 8-level hardware stack, and a self-programmable Flash region for in-field firmware updates. Its instruction decoder supports byte and bit-level operations, table reads/writes, and a hardware multiply (8x8 in one cycle), enabling efficient C and assembly code generation. Typical applications include consumer appliances, industrial control loops, sensor conditioning, low-end motor control, USB-to-serial bridges (paired with external transceivers), and automotive body modules. The 40 MHz speed, dual timers, and ECCP PWM make the part especially well suited to closed-loop PID tasks where deterministic interrupt latency is required. When designing with this device, ensure VDD decoupling is placed within 5 mm of the supply pins and that the exposed thermal pad is soldered to a continuous copper pour for proper thermal and electrical grounding. Note the -I/ML suffix indicates the -40C to +85C industrial temperature range and the QFN packaging. This page synthesizes current distributor stock and pricing, drop-in package-compatible alternatives from the PIC18 family, and practical design notes not covered in the brief manufacturer datasheet summary.

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PIC18F2321-I/SP - 8-Bit 40MHz 8KB Flash MCU | Microchip 28-SPDIP
PIC18F2321-I/SP

PIC18F2321-I/SP - 8-Bit 40MHz 8KB Flash MCU | Microchip 28-SPDIP

The Microchip Technology PIC18F2321-I/SP is an 8-bit CMOS Flash-based microcontroller from the PIC18F family, delivering up to 10 MIPS (100 ns instruction execution) and housed in a 28-pin SPDIP (Skinny Plastic DIP) through-hole package. The device integrates 8 KB of Flash program memory (4K x 16 words), 512 bytes of SRAM, and 256 bytes of EEPROM, providing a balanced on-chip memory architecture for embedded control applications. What is a PIC18F microcontroller? The PIC18F family is Microchip's high-performance 8-bit microcontroller line based on an enhanced RISC architecture with 16-bit instructions and an 8-bit data path. PIC18F parts use Harvard architecture, support C-compiler-friendly development, and provide peripherals such as A/D converters, PWM, comparators, and configurable serial ports (SPI/I2C). Within the broader taxonomy, PIC18F MCUs sit between baseline PIC10/12/16 and 16-bit PIC24/dsPIC families, making them well suited for mid-complexity real-time control. Key features of the PIC18F2321-I/SP include a 10-bit A/D converter with up to 10 channels, two analog comparators, two capture/compare/PWM (CCP) modules, a synchronous serial port configurable as SPI or I²C, and nanoWatt Technology power management for low-power applications. The device operates from 4.2 V to 5.5 V and supports an industrial temperature range of -40 °C to +85 °C as denoted by the "I" suffix. With 25 I/O pins and an enhanced instruction set of 77 single-word instructions, the part targets applications requiring deterministic real-time response. Architecturally, the PIC18F2321 uses an 8-bit data path with a 16-bit instruction set, allowing 10 MIPS throughput at 40 MHz CPU clock. Internal oscillator options, a programmable brown-out reset, and a low-power sleep mode further support battery-powered designs. The combination of on-chip EEPROM, flexible peripherals, and the established MPLAB development ecosystem enables rapid prototyping and production scaling. Typical applications include industrial control systems, sensor interface modules, low-power remote sensing nodes, consumer appliance controls, and small motor/lighting controllers. The 28-SPDIP package is preferred for prototyping, breadboarding, and legacy designs where through-hole assembly is required or where mechanical robustness matters. When designing with the PIC18F2321-I/SP, ensure that your supply decoupling (0.1 µF + 10 µF) is placed close to VDD/AVDD/VSS/AVSS, and configure the configuration bits (oscillator, watchdog, brown-out, code protection) appropriately using MPLAB X IDE. This page synthesizes distributor pricing, drop-in alternatives, application use cases, and practical design notes not typically collected on a single manufacturer datasheet page.

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PIC18F2321-I/SS - 8KB Flash 8-bit MCU 40MHz SSOP-28 | Microchip
PIC18F2321-I/SS

PIC18F2321-I/SS - 8KB Flash 8-bit MCU 40MHz SSOP-28 | Microchip

The Microchip Technology PIC18F2321-I/SS is an 8-bit CMOS flash-based microcontroller from the PIC18 family, delivering up to 10 MIPS performance (40 MHz clock, 200 ns instruction cycle) in a 28-pin SSOP (Shrink Small Outline Package). It integrates 8 KB of flash program memory (4K x 16 words), 512 bytes of SRAM, and 256 bytes of EEPROM data memory on-chip. The device is built around Microchip's enhanced RISC architecture with 77 single-word instructions and a C-compiler-friendly instruction set. A microcontroller (MCU) is a single-chip computer that integrates a CPU core, program memory, working RAM, data EEPROM, and configurable peripherals. PIC18F-series microcontrollers belong to Microchip's enhanced 8-bit PIC family, sitting in the hierarchy: PIC18 MCU -> 8-bit microcontroller -> embedded controller -> semiconductor IC. This positioning places the PIC18F2321 well above baseline 8-bit parts (PIC16) for compute density while remaining far below 32-bit Cortex-M devices in price-sensitive applications. Its nanoWatt Technology power management makes it suitable for both line-powered and battery-operated designs. Key features include ten 10-bit analog-to-digital converter (A/D) channels, two analog comparators, two capture/compare/PWM modules, an enhanced USART, a synchronous serial port configurable as SPI or I2C, 25 digital I/O pins, and four timer modules. The device operates from 4.2 V to 5.5 V and supports industrial -40 °C to +85 °C temperature range. In-circuit debugging via ICD and self-programmability are supported, simplifying field updates. The flash memory is rated for 100K erase/write cycles minimum and data EEPROM for 1M cycles. The PIC18F2321 architecture combines an 8-bit ALU with a 16-bit instruction word, providing higher code density than 12-bit PIC16 cores while retaining single-cycle execution on most instructions. Its deep 16-level hardware stack, hardware multiplier (8 x 8 in one cycle), and prioritized interrupt controller allow real-time response for control loops, while the nanoWatt idle/sleep modes drop current consumption to microamp levels for battery-friendly idle behaviour. Typical applications include industrial control systems, sensor signal conditioning with on-chip A/D conversion, motor control with PWM drivers, low-cost consumer appliances, HVAC controllers, and battery-powered instruments. The integrated 10-bit A/D and comparators reduce external analog components in closed-loop designs, and the SSOP-28 footprint enables compact PCB layouts under 50 mm^2. When designing with this part, ensure the MCLR reset circuit includes the required 10 kΩ pull-up to VDD and a 100 nF capacitor to ground for proper power-on reset behaviour. Unused I/O pins should be configured as outputs and tied low to minimise current draw, and the configuration bits must be set correctly for oscillator mode and watchdog timer behaviour before code execution begins. This page synthesises distributor pricing, drop-in alternatives, and design notes drawn from Microchip's PIC18F2321 datasheet, datasheet family compatibility charts, and current distributor stock data, providing information gain that the manufacturer datasheet alone does not offer.

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PIC18F2321T-I/ML - 8KB Flash 8-bit MCU, 28-QFN | Microchip
PIC18F2321T-I/ML

PIC18F2321T-I/ML - 8KB Flash 8-bit MCU, 28-QFN | Microchip

The Microchip Technology PIC18F2321T-I/ML is a 10 MIPS CMOS Flash-based 8-bit microcontroller from the PIC18F family, packaged in a 28-pin QFN (ML, 6x6 mm) with exposed thermal pad. It integrates 8 KB (4K x 16) of Flash program memory and 512 bytes of RAM, executes instructions in 100 ns at 40 MHz, and offers 25 digital I/O pins, a 10-channel 10-bit Analog-to-Digital Converter, plus I2C, SPI, and USART connectivity. The 'T' suffix denotes Tape and Reel packaging, while 'I' denotes the industrial -40C to +85C operating temperature range. A microcontroller (MCU) is a single-chip computer that combines a CPU, non-volatile program memory (Flash/ROM), volatile working memory (RAM), and programmable peripherals on one die. PIC microcontrollers from Microchip use a Harvard RISC architecture with a small, fixed instruction set (77 single-word instructions on this device) that simplifies software development, shortens interrupt latency, and yields deterministic execution. Within the broader taxonomy, the PIC18F2321 sits in the hierarchy: MCU -> 8-bit MCU -> PIC18 enhanced family -> nanoWatt power-managed variants. nanoWatt technology adds multiple low-power sleep modes that drop supply current to the microamp range, enabling battery-powered designs. Key differentiating features of this device include 8 KB of self-programmable Flash (in-circuit serial programming via ICSP), 256 bytes of EEPROM data memory, an internal oscillator block, brown-out reset (BOR), a 10-bit ADC with 10 channels, dual analog comparators, a Capture/Compare/PWM (CCP) module, and nanoWatt sleep modes that typically idle below 1 uA. The PIC18 instruction set is backwards-compatible with PIC16 code while adding prioritized interrupts, hardware multiply, and an 8-bit-wide data path with 16-bit instruction words. Architecturally, the PIC18F2321 uses a 14-bit instruction word fetched from Flash and executed by an 8-bit ALU in one instruction cycle (4 Fosc). The internal oscillator trims to +/-1% across voltage and temperature, removing the need for an external crystal in cost-sensitive applications. Peripherals map onto the same peripheral bus used across the PIC18F family, allowing easy code migration to the 40-pin (PIC18F4321) or 44-pin (PIC18F4520-class) siblings with little or no code change. Typical applications include industrial sensor interfaces, low-cost motor control loops, small appliance controllers, USB-to-UART bridges when paired with a USB transceiver, consumer white goods, and battery-powered data loggers. The combination of nanoWatt modes and 10-bit ADC accuracy makes it well suited to portable instrumentation and remote sensor nodes. When designing with this part, choose your oscillator source early - the internal RC oscillator saves BOM cost but is less accurate than an external crystal for timing-critical UART or USB communications. Always populate the ICSP connector footprint even in production designs, as it enables in-field firmware updates and simplifies prototype bring-up. This page synthesizes distributor pricing, drop-in package-matched alternatives, and practical design notes not found in the manufacturer datasheet.

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PIC18F2331-E/SP - 8KB Flash 8-bit MCU 40MHz | Microchip
PIC18F2331-E/SP

PIC18F2331-E/SP - 8KB Flash 8-bit MCU 40MHz | Microchip

The Microchip Technology PIC18F2331-E/SP is an 8-bit PIC18 enhanced flash microcontroller operating at up to 40 MHz, delivering 10 MIPS of processing throughput, and housed in a 28-pin SPDIP (300 mil) through-hole package. According to the Microchip datasheet, the device integrates 8 KB of flash program memory, 768 bytes of RAM, and 256 bytes of EEPROM, with 22 digital I/O pins and on-chip peripherals including a 10-bit ADC, enhanced USART, I2C, SPI, and high-performance PWM modules for motor control. An 8-bit microcontroller (MCU) is a single-chip computer that integrates a CPU, memory, and I/O peripherals on one die. The PIC18 family uses an enhanced RISC Harvard architecture with a 16-bit instruction word and 8-bit data path, sitting in Microchip's PIC microcontroller hierarchy between the baseline PIC10/12/16 and the high-performance PIC24/dsPIC lines. This category of MCU is widely used in motor control, sensor interfacing, and embedded control where deterministic interrupt response and low power are required. Key features include nanoWatt power management with multiple idle and sleep modes, a 16-bit Power Control PWM module with programmable dead-time and duty cycle, a 10-bit ADC with up to 5 channels, hardware multiplier for 8x8 unsigned operations in one cycle, and an enhanced capture/compare/PWM peripheral. The E suffix denotes the extended industrial temperature grade of -40C to +125C, suitable for harsh-environment deployments. The PIC18F2331 architecture uses a 2-stage pipeline with 200 ns minimum instruction cycle at 40 MHz. On-chip oscillator options include a 32 kHz secondary oscillator and a 4x phase-locked loop (PLL), enabling flexible clocking from internal or external sources without external crystals in many applications. The device also includes a 5-bit programmable brown-out reset and a low-voltage detect circuit for robust supply supervision. Typical applications include BLDC and brushed DC motor drives, sensor signal conditioning, industrial automation modules, appliance control boards, and low-cost automotive subsystems. The integrated 14-bit PWM is particularly suited to variable-frequency drives and switched-mode power stages where deterministic switching and dead-time insertion are critical. When designing with this device, ensure your programmer/debugger supports the ICSP interface (PGC/PGD pins), as the PIC18F2331 does not include a JTAG port. Use Microchip's MPLAB X IDE and XC8 compiler for firmware development; legacy PIC18 C and assembly code are fully compatible with this part. This page synthesizes distributor pricing, drop-in same-package alternatives, and practical design notes not found in the manufacturer datasheet, providing an actionable reference for hardware engineers evaluating the PIC18F2331-E/SP for new designs or field replacements.

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PIC18F2331-I/MM - 8KB Flash 40MHz 8-bit MCU 28-QFN | Microchip
PIC18F2331-I/MM

PIC18F2331-I/MM - 8KB Flash 40MHz 8-bit MCU 28-QFN | Microchip

The Microchip Technology PIC18F2331-I/MM is an 8-bit PIC18 RISC microcontroller integrating 8KB of enhanced Flash program memory and 768 bytes of RAM, packaged in a 28-pin QFN-S (6x6 mm) with exposed thermal pad. It executes instructions at up to 40 MHz with a Harvard RISC architecture and includes a hardware multiplier supporting 8x8 single-cycle multiplication. The MCU provides 25 digital I/O lines, supports 4.2 V to 5.5 V single-supply operation, and integrates peripherals including a 10-bit A/D converter with up to 9 input channels, three power-managed operating modes (PRI_RUN, SEC_RUN, RC_RUN), and a high-endurance Flash rated at 100K erase/write cycles. A microcontroller (MCU) is a single-chip computer that integrates a CPU, volatile memory (RAM), non-volatile program memory (Flash), and peripheral interfaces (ADC, timers, communication buses) into one package. Within the broader taxonomy, the PIC18F2331 belongs to the 8-bit microcontroller family, sits inside the PIC18 high-performance RISC line, and falls under the wider category of embedded microcontrollers and intelligent control ICs. Its nanoWatt Technology variants deliver dynamic power-down modes, enabling battery-friendly operation in sensor and human-interface applications. Key features include five 16-bit timers/counters, two analog comparators, a Capture/Compare/PWM (CCP) module with enhanced features, an MSSP peripheral that supports both SPI and I2C, and an Enhanced USART with LIN support. The integrated 10-bit A/D converter offers programmable acquisition times, while the on-chip LVD/Brown-out Reset circuitry plus a Watchdog Timer with its own on-chip RC oscillator reinforce field reliability in industrial environments. Architecturally, the device separates program and data buses, allowing concurrent fetch and write operations; the 16-bit instruction path executes most instructions in one cycle, providing 10 MIPS throughput at 40 MHz. The ECC-enabled Flash array includes a self-programming mode and an ICD (In-Circuit Debug) interface compatible with MPLAB REAL ICE and PICkit programmers, supporting rapid firmware iteration. The industrial temperature grade (-40C to +85C) and QFN-S package with exposed pad suit thermally constrained industrial automation PCBAs. Typical applications include BLDC motor control, industrial automation sensor nodes, embedded user interfaces, low-cost consumer appliances, and educational/development boards. The combination of PWM, ADC, and ECC Flash enables direct drive of three-phase motors without external DSP hardware. The wide 5V supply and industrial temperature range enable 4-20 mA and industrial sensor front-ends. Design considerations: place decoupling capacitors as close as possible to VDD/AVDD pairs (typically 100 nF ceramic in parallel with 10 uF bulk), keep analog and digital grounds separated with a single-point join, and ensure the QFN exposed pad is soldered to a properly sized thermal land for reliable thermal dissipation. Fault-resilient firmware should configure the WDT, enable code protection if needed, and validate stack pointer bounds. This page synthesizes distributor pricing, application context, and same-family alternatives beyond what is available on the manufacturer product page alone, helping engineers shorten the BOM comparison and qualification steps.

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PIC18F2331T-I/MM - 8-bit MCU, 8KB Flash, 22 I/O | Microchip
PIC18F2331T-I/MM

PIC18F2331T-I/MM - 8-bit MCU, 8KB Flash, 22 I/O | Microchip

The Microchip PIC18F2331T-I/MM is an 8-bit RISC microcontroller with 8 KB of Flash program memory and 768 bytes of RAM, delivering up to 40 MHz CPU performance in a 28-pin QFN-S (6x6 mm) package. It exposes 22 digital I/O lines, integrates a 10-bit A/D converter with up to 5 channels, and provides motor-control-oriented peripherals such as a Power Control PWM (PCPWM) module, an enhanced Capture/Compare/PWM (ECCP), and a quadrature encoder interface (QEI) for sensored BLDC/PMSM control loops. Background Knowledge. An 8-bit microcontroller (MCU) is a single-chip computer built around an 8-bit data path and Harvard or modified-Harvard architecture, typically used for embedded control tasks such as sensor reading, actuator driving, and serial protocol handling. Within the broader taxonomy, the PIC18F2331T-I/MM belongs to: 8-bit MCU -> PIC microcontroller -> PIC18 family -> PIC18F2331 sub-family. PIC18 devices are mid-range 8-bit MCUs optimized for high computational throughput at low cost, commonly used for motor control, lighting, and small appliances. Key features include the nanoWatt power-management technology for active and sleep current optimization, a wide 2.0 V to 5.5 V operating voltage range, two analog comparators, two CCP/ECCP modules, a hardware QEI block, an 8 MHz internal oscillator, and 256 bytes of EEPROM. The 40 MHz operation supports 10 MIPS throughput, which is more than adequate for closed-loop motor commutation routines. The 28-QFN-S package includes an exposed pad for thermal dissipation, beneficial when driving MOSFET gate drivers with sustained PWM activity. Typical applications include brushless DC (BLDC) and permanent-magnet synchronous motor (PMSM) control, sensorless and sensored fan control, small industrial pumps, low-cost variable-frequency drives, LED lighting controllers, and any 5 V embedded platform that needs deterministic PWM at high update rates. Peripherals such as the QEI and CCP form the core of field-oriented-control (FOC) firmware reference designs. Design consideration. When designing with the PIC18F2331T-I/MM, route the high-current switching traces (PWM outputs, gate driver return paths) away from the analog A/D inputs to minimize ground bounce coupling. Use the exposed thermal pad with a continuous ground pour for thermal relief, and follow Microchip's recommended 100 nF decoupling network on each VDD pin to prevent MCU brown-out during MOSFET switching transients. Unique value. This page synthesizes distributor pricing, drop-in alternatives from the same PIC18F2331 family, and practical design notes not consolidated in any single Microchip datasheet or distributor listing.

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PIC18F23K20-E/ML - 8-bit XLP MCU, 8KB Flash, 48MHz | Microchip
PIC18F23K20-E/ML

PIC18F23K20-E/ML - 8-bit XLP MCU, 8KB Flash, 48MHz | Microchip

The Microchip Technology PIC18F23K20-E/ML is an 8-bit PIC18 enhanced-flash microcontroller built on nanoWatt XLP (eXtreme Low Power) technology, featuring 8KB of Flash program memory, 768 bytes of RAM, and a 256-byte EEPROM data area. It operates at 48MHz (12 MIPS instruction throughput) from a 1.8V to 3.6V supply in a 28-pin QFN (6x6 mm) package, and is qualified for the extended -40C to +125C operating temperature range. A microcontroller (MCU) is a single-chip computer that integrates a CPU core, program memory, data memory, and peripheral interfaces such as ADC, timers, and communication ports. PIC microcontrollers from Microchip sit in the 8-bit MCU category of the broader semiconductor taxonomy: MCU -> microcontroller -> embedded processor -> semiconductor IC. The "K" family designation indicates flash-based program memory with nanoWatt XLP energy management features, enabling deep-sleep currents in the nanoampere range for battery-powered and energy-harvesting designs. Key features of the PIC18F23K20 family include 25 general-purpose I/O pins with high-current sink/source capability (25 mA per pin), a 10-bit ADC with up to 11 input channels, two analog comparators with rail-to-rail inputs, an mTouch capacitive-touch sensing peripheral, and three programmable external interrupts. The device integrates two USART modules, an SPI port, an I2C master/slave port with address masking, and four programmable 16-bit timers plus three CCP (Capture/Compare/PWM) modules for motor control and lighting. Architecturally, the PIC18F23K20 employs an 8-bit Harvard RISC core with a hardware 8x8 multiplier, a 31-level deep hardware stack, and 16-bit instructions that execute in four clock cycles. The 1.2V fixed voltage reference (FVR) provides a stable internal reference for the ADC and comparators, enabling consistent measurements even as VDD varies. A two-speed oscillator start-up allows the MCU to begin execution on an internal 31kHz source before switching to the high-frequency primary oscillator. Typical applications span consumer white goods, home appliances, hand-held instrumentation, low-power remote sensors, building automation nodes, and any compact battery-powered product that benefits from nanoWatt XLP sleep currents and an integrated mTouch sensing peripheral. The 28-QFN footprint also makes it well suited to space-constrained PCB layouts. When designing with this MCU, ensure that decoupling caps (typically 100nF plus 10uF bulk) sit within 5mm of VDD/VSS, and that unused I/O pins are configured as outputs low to minimize transient current. Program the device via ICSP using Microchip's MPLAB X IDE and the XC8 C compiler; the debugger pins PGC/PGD must be accessible on the PCB. This page consolidates distributor stock, drop-in same-package alternatives, and engineering design notes for the PIC18F23K20-E/ML that are not assembled in any single manufacturer datasheet.

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