ATMEGA16L-8PI - 8-bit AVR MCU 16KB 8MHz DIP-40 | Microchip
Référence : ATMEGA16L-8PI ✓ Actif| Qté | Prix unitaire | Total |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | $4.62 | $4,62 |
| 10 | $4.16 | $41,60 |
| 100 | $3.69 | $369,00 |
| 500 | $3.32 | $1 660,00 |
| 1 000 | $2.98 | $2 980,00 |
ATMEGA16L-8PI Présentation
A microcontroller (MCU) is a single-chip computer that integrates a processor core, non-volatile program memory, data memory, and peripherals such as timers, ADCs, and communication interfaces. The AVR ATmega family sits in the 8-bit MCU hierarchy alongside 8051 and PIC architectures, and is widely used in embedded control, industrial automation, and education.
Key features include 131 powerful RISC instructions, most executing in a single clock cycle, 32 general-purpose working registers, self-programming Flash for in-system bootloading, and an on-chip JTAG debug boundary-scan interface. The 8-channel 10-bit ADC with internal bandgap reference enables direct analog sensor connection, while integrated UART, SPI, and TWI (I2C-compatible) serial ports reduce external interface ICs.
Technically, the ATmega16L uses the AVR enhanced RISC Harvard architecture with separate program and data buses, achieving high code efficiency. The L suffix denotes the low-voltage speed grade (2.7V to 5.5V operation at up to 8 MHz), the P suffix a 40-pin PDIP package, and I an industrial temperature rating of -40C to +85C.
Typical applications include industrial control panels, sensor data loggers, educational breadboard projects, and legacy embedded system maintenance, where through-hole mounting and DIP-40 breadboard compatibility are valued.
Design consideration: at 5V and 8 MHz the device operates near its rated maximum; keep Brown-out Detection enabled to prevent EEPROM corruption during undervoltage events, and reserve PDIP-40 breadboard projects for prototyping since through-hole packages carry higher lead inductance.
This page synthesizes distributor pricing, drop-in alternatives, pinout data, and practical design notes not found in the manufacturer datasheet.
Alternatives de remplacement direct pour ATMEGA16L-8PI — même boîtier, compatible broche à broche. Les références à boîtier différent nécessitant une retouche du PCB sont exclues.
Variantes de cette série
Modèles de la même série directement compatibles avec ATMEGA16L-8PI (même facteur de forme et même empreinte) — différant par EEPROM, Communication Interfaces, Package, SRAM, Operating Voltage Range.
Outil de comparaison rapide — sélectionnez des références alternatives pour une comparaison côte à côte :
ATMEGA16L-8PU
✅ Remplacement direct✓ En stock
$3.55 / unité
Voir la fiche technique →ATMEGA16L-8PC
✅ Remplacement direct✓ En stock
$2.05 / unité
Voir la fiche technique →ATMEGA16A-PU
✅ Remplacement direct📋 Alternative de référence (hors catalogue)
ATMEGA32L-8PU
✅ Remplacement direct✓ En stock
$9.75 / unité
Voir la fiche technique →ATMEGA16-16PI
✅ Remplacement direct✓ En stock
$3.72 / unité
Voir la fiche technique →ATMEGA16L-8PJ
✅ Remplacement direct📋 Alternative de référence (hors catalogue)
ATMEGA16L-8PI Valeurs maximales et caractéristiques électriques
| Core Processor | AVR 8-bit RISC |
| Core Size | 8-bit |
| Speed | 8 MHz |
| Flash Program Memory | 16 KB (8K x 16) |
| SRAM | 1 KB |
| EEPROM | 512 Byte |
| ADC Resolution | 10-bit |
| ADC Channels | 8 channels |
| Communication Interfaces | UART, SPI, TWI (I2C-compatible) |
| Timers/Counters | 3 (two 8-bit, one 16-bit) |
| Number of I/O | 32 I/O |
| JTAG Interface | Yes (on-chip-debug, boundary scan) |
| Operating Voltage Range | 2.7 V to 5.5 V (L speed grade) |
| Température de fonctionnement | -40C to +85C (Industrial) |
| Boîtier | 40-PDIP |
| Type de montage | Through Hole |
| Instruction Count | 131 instructions, most single-cycle |
| MIPS Throughput | up to 16 MIPS at 16 MHz |
Configuration des broches de ATMEGA16L-8PI
| Broche 1 | PB0/XCK/T0 — Port B bit 0 / USART external clock / Timer0 external clock input |
| Broche 2 | PB1/T1 — Port B bit 1 / Timer1 external counter input |
| Broche 3 | PB2/AIN0/INT2 — Port B bit 2 / analog comparator negative input / external interrupt 2 |
| Broche 4 | PB3/AIN1/OC0 — Port B bit 3 / analog comparator positive input / Timer0 PWM output |
| Broche 5 | PB4/SS — Port B bit 4 / SPI slave select |
| Broche 6 | PB5/MOSI — Port B bit 5 / SPI master output slave input |
| Broche 7 | PB6/MISO — Port B bit 6 / SPI master input slave output |
| Broche 8 | PB7/SCK — Port B bit 7 / SPI serial clock |
| Broche 9 | RESET — Reset input (active low); also used as programming voltage pin in HV programming |
| Broche 10 | VCC — Digital supply voltage (2.7 V to 5.5 V) |
| Broche 11 | GND — Digital ground |
| Broche 12 | XTAL2 — Crystal oscillator output / external clock source |
| Broche 13 | XTAL1 — Crystal oscillator input / external clock input |
| Broche 14 | PD0/RXD — Port D bit 0 / USART receive data |
| Broche 15 | PD1/TXD — Port D bit 1 / USART transmit data |
| Broche 16 | PD2/INT0 — Port D bit 2 / external interrupt 0 |
| Broche 17 | PD3/INT1 — Port D bit 3 / external interrupt 1 |
| Broche 18 | PD4/OC1B — Port D bit 4 / Timer1 PWM output B |
| Broche 19 | PD5/OC1A — Port D bit 5 / Timer1 PWM output A |
| Broche 20 | PD6/ICP1 — Port D bit 6 / Timer1 input capture |
| Broche 21 | PD7/OC2 — Port D bit 7 / Timer2 PWM output |
| Broche 22 | PA0/ADC0 — Port A bit 0 / ADC channel 0 |
| Broche 23 | PA1/ADC1 — Port A bit 1 / ADC channel 1 |
| Broche 24 | PA2/ADC2 — Port A bit 2 / ADC channel 2 |
| Broche 25 | PA3/ADC3 — Port A bit 3 / ADC channel 3 |
| Broche 26 | PA4/ADC4 — Port A bit 4 / ADC channel 4 |
| Broche 27 | PA5/ADC5 — Port A bit 5 / ADC channel 5 |
| Broche 28 | PA6/ADC6 — Port A bit 6 / ADC channel 6 |
| Broche 29 | PA7/ADC7 — Port A bit 7 / ADC channel 7 |
| Broche 30 | AREF — ADC analog reference voltage (internal, AVCC, or external) |
| Broche 31 | AGND — Analog ground |
| Broche 32 | AVCC — ADC supply voltage (connected to VCC through low-pass filter) |
| Broche 33 | PC0/SCL — Port C bit 0 / TWI serial clock |
| Broche 34 | PC1/SDA — Port C bit 1 / TWI serial data |
| Broche 35 | PC2/TCK — Port C bit 2 / JTAG test clock (reclaimable by disabling JTAG) |
| Broche 36 | PC3/TMS — Port C bit 3 / JTAG test mode select (reclaimable by disabling JTAG) |
| Broche 37 | PC4/TDO — Port C bit 4 / JTAG test data output (reclaimable by disabling JTAG) |
| Broche 38 | PC5/TDI — Port C bit 5 / JTAG test data input (reclaimable by disabling JTAG) |
| Broche 39 | PC6/TOSC1 — Port C bit 6 / Timer2 oscillator input (32.768 kHz watch crystal) |
| Broche 40 | PC7/TOSC2 — Port C bit 7 / Timer2 oscillator output (32.768 kHz watch crystal) |
Applications typiques
ATMEGA16L-8PI convient pour 6 applications: Industrial Control and Automation, Sensor Data Logging and Monitoring, Education and Prototyping, Legacy Embedded System Maintenance, Motor Control and PWM Actuation, Serial Communication Gateways.
Industrial Control and Automation
The ATMEGA16L-8PI fits industrial control panels because its -40C to +85C industrial temperature rating, 32 programmable I/O lines, and 8-channel 10-bit ADC cover typical sensor and actuator counts on one chip. The integrated UART connects to RS-485/RS-232 transceivers for MODBUS-style field communication, while SPI and TWI link local displays and EEPROMs. With self-programming Flash, firmware can be field-updated through a bootloader without a programmer socketed in-circuit. Its through-hole PDIP-40 package suits serviceable industrial PCBs where components are socket-mounted for quick replacement. Designers should enable Brown-out Detection and use optocouplers on noisy field lines; the 2.7V to 5.5V supply range tolerates regulated 3.3V or 5V rail tolerances in industrial cabinets.
Recommandé
Sensor Data Logging and Monitoring
For data-loggers, the ATMEGA16L-8PI's 8-channel 10-bit ADC provides direct connection to up to eight analog sensors - temperature, humidity, pressure, or current-sense outputs - with an internal bandgap voltage reference eliminating external reference chips in modest-accuracy designs. At 8 MHz with single-cycle RISC execution, ADC oversampling and averaging run comfortably at kilohertz rates. 512B of on-chip EEPROM stores calibration constants that survive power cycles, and 1KB SRAM buffers readings before writing to external SPI/SD or I2C flash. The low-power AVR core with sleep modes enables battery operation from the 2.7V to 5.5V range. This MCU is especially cost-effective when 8 analog inputs and a UART dump port are needed on a single through-hole chip.
Recommandé
Education and Prototyping
The ATMEGA16L-8PI is a staple of embedded-systems education because the 40-pin PDIP plugs directly into standard breadboards and ZIF sockets, and the large 0.1-inch pin pitch tolerates repeated student handling. On-chip JTAG debugging lets learners set breakpoints and inspect registers with AVR JTAGICE tools without removing the chip, and the self-programming Flash supports simple ISP bootloaders via a USBasp. The 131-instruction AVR RISC architecture with 32 working registers is an accessible teaching model, while real peripherals - 8-channel 10-bit ADC, timers with PWM (OC0, OC1A/OC1B, OC2), UART, SPI, and TWI - support progressively complex labs. A 16 MHz crystal and 22pF caps complete a minimal clock circuit; internal RC oscillator suffices for UART-tolerant labs.
Recommandé
Legacy Embedded System Maintenance
Many ATmega16-based industrial and consumer products from the 2000s are still in service, and the ATMEGA16L-8PI is the standard maintenance component for them. Its 40-PDIP socket-mounted package allows a technician to replace a failed MCU, reprogram it via ISP with the archived firmware, and restore the board without soldering. When original ATMEGA16L-8PI stock tightens, the drop-in Microchip family alternatives ATMEGA16L-8PU and ATMEGA16A-PU maintain the same pinout and firmware compatibility, as documented in the same datasheet family. Engineers should verify fuse-bit settings (clock source, BOD level, JTAG enable) after replacement, since factory-default fuses may differ from the original product's programmed values and can change clock behavior on first power-up.
Recommandé
Motor Control and PWM Actuation
The ATMEGA16L-8PI provides four hardware PWM outputs - OC0 (8-bit Timer/Counter0), OC1A and OC1B (16-bit Timer/Counter1), and OC2 (Timer/Counter2) - enabling multi-channel DC motor speed control, servo actuation, or LED dimming without software bit-banging. The 16-bit Timer1 supports input capture (ICP1) for measuring sensor pulse widths, useful in hobby robotics and RC interfaces. Its 32 I/O lines drive H-bridge control pins directly at 5V logic levels. In battery-powered robots, the 2.7V to 5.5V input range and AVR sleep modes conserve energy between control cycles. Designers must budget drive current - the MCU pins supply only about 20 mA, so external MOSFET drivers such as the L293D or discrete MOSFETs handle motor currents, with flyback diodes on inductive loads.
Recommandé
Serial Communication Gateways
With three independent hardware serial interfaces - UART, SPI, and TWI (I2C-compatible) - the ATMEGA16L-8PI serves as a low-cost protocol converter between subsystems that speak different buses. Typical gateways bridge a UART-connected RS-485 field bus to SPI-connected peripherals, or translate I2C sensor data into UART telemetry for a PC. The 8 MHz core with single-cycle instructions provides ample headroom for buffered protocol translation, and the JTAG interface simplifies bring-up when packet timing must be verified. On the 40-PDIP, serial pins occupy fixed positions (PD0/PD1 for UART, PB5-PB7 for SPI, PC0/PC1 for TWI), simplifying schematic reuse. For robust industrial links, pair the UART with a MAX485 transceiver and add 120-ohm termination on the twisted pair.
Recommandé
Récapitulatif des produits recommandés
Données de référence d'ingénierie pour ATMEGA16L-8PI — comparaison, recommandations de conception et informations de conformité.
Guide de sélection
Comparaison avec les alternatives
| Paramètre | Ce produit | ATMEGA16L-8PU | ATMEGA16L-8PC | ATMEGA16A-PU | ATMEGA32L-8PU | ATMEGA16-16PI |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Package | 40-PDIP | 40-PDIP - same | 40-PDIP - same | 40-PDIP - same | 40-PDIP - same | 40-PDIP - same |
| Brand | Microchip Technology | Microchip Technology | Microchip Technology | Microchip Technology | Microchip Technology | Microchip Technology |
| Flash Program Memory | 16 KB | 16 KB | 16 KB | 16 KB | 32 KB (+100%) | 16 KB |
| SRAM | 1 KB | 1 KB | 1 KB | 1 KB | 2 KB | 1 KB |
| Maximum Clock Speed | 8 MHz | 8 MHz | 8 MHz | 16 MHz at 4.5-5.5V | 8 MHz | 16 MHz at 4.5-5.5V |
| Supply Voltage | 2.7 V to 5.5 V | 2.7 V to 5.5 V | 2.7 V to 5.5 V | 2.7 V to 5.5 V (speed grade dependent) | 2.7 V to 5.5 V | approx. 4.5 V to 5.5 V at 16 MHz |
| ADC / JTAG / Peripherals | 8-ch 10-bit ADC, JTAG, UART/SPI/TWI | Identical | Identical | Identical (A-die revision) | Identical peripherals, larger memory | Identical |
Principaux différenciateurs
- Wide-voltage L speed grade supports 3.3V designs (vs ATMEGA16-16PI)
- Industrial temperature rating for harsh environments (vs ATMEGA16L-8PC)
- Pin-compatible memory upgrade path (vs ATMEGA32L-8PU)
- JTAG on-chip debugging (not available on smaller AVRs) (vs ATMEGA168V-10PI)
Notes de conception
Decouple VCC and AVCC separately: place a 100 nF ceramic capacitor within 5 mm of each pin plus a 10 uF bulk capacitor per board. AVCC should connect to VCC through a low-pass filter (10 uH inductor or ferrite bead plus 100 nF) to keep ADC noise low; an active AVCC with switching ripple directly degrades 10-bit ADC accuracy. Enable Brown-out Detection at 2.7V (or higher for 5V rails) via fuses to prevent EEPROM and SRAM corruption during power-down. Estimated: at 5 V and 8 MHz, active current is on the order of several mA per the AVR family typical figures - verify against the datasheet current-versus-frequency graph for your exact conditions.
On the 40-PDIP, analog pins (PA0-PA7, AREF, AGND, AVCC) sit at pins 22-32, adjacent to the digital Port C and JTAG pins 33-38. Route JTAG/TCK and clock traces away from the ADC front-end, and use a star-ground layout joining AGND and GND at a single point near pin 31. Place the crystal within 10 mm of XTAL1/XTAL2 with 22 pF load capacitors directly to ground; if using the 32.768 kHz Timer2 oscillator at PC6/PC7, keep its loop similarly short. For breadboard prototyping, insert 100 nF decoupling caps directly at pins 10 and 32 - long breadboard rails add inductance that causes reset glitches during SPI programming.
Three frequent mistakes with the ATmega16 family: (1) Port C pins PC2-PC5 default to JTAG function - I/O writes fail until JTAG is disabled via the JTD bit (written twice within 4 cycles) or the JTAGEN fuse is cleared; this commonly traps designs needing all 32 I/O. (2) Substituting a non-L grade part (e.g., ATMEGA16-16PI) into a 3.3V design violates the 4.5V minimum for that speed grade. (3) After replacing the MCU in legacy boards, factory fuse defaults (internal 1 MHz RC, BOD off, JTAG on) may differ from the original programming - always reprogram fuses before declaring the repair complete.
Informations de conformité
DigiKey catalog describes ATMEGA16L-8PI as GREEN packaging (RoHS compliant, lead-free). REACH and halogen-free status not stated in provided data.
