L298N - Dual Full-Bridge Driver, 46V/2A | STMicroelectronics
Référence : L298N ✓ Actif| Qté | Prix unitaire | Total |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | $3.45 | $3,45 |
| 10 | $2.98 | $29,80 |
| 100 | $2.45 | $245,00 |
| 500 | $2.1 | $1 050,00 |
| 1 000 | $1.85 | $1 850,00 |
L298N Présentation
A dual H-bridge motor driver is a power-stage topology that uses four switches arranged so the polarity of the DC voltage applied to a motor can be reversed electronically, enabling forward, reverse, and dynamic braking from a single supply rail. H-bridges belong to the broader family of DC motor drivers, which sit under the power-management hierarchy of integrated circuits and are most often used to bridge low-power digital logic with high-power electromechanical actuators.
Key features include a 46 V maximum supply rating (Vs), 2 A continuous per bridge (4 A peak), TTL-compatible enable and input pins, internal clamp diodes for inductive kickback protection, and a logic supply range of 4.5 V to 7 V. Two independent enable inputs (ENA, ENB) allow the user to disable each bridge for PWM speed control or fault response. Thermal shutdown is not internally provided and must be managed by external sensing or by limiting average current.
The L298 uses bipolar Darlington output stages, which produces a high voltage drop (typically ~2 V at 1 A) that is dissipated as heat. This is the trade-off for the part's ruggedness and low cost. Modern MOSFET-based drivers such as the TB6612FNG achieve much higher efficiency, but the L298 remains the de-facto choice for hobby robotics, CNC prototyping, and educational platforms because it is inexpensive, easy to wire, and proven across decades of designs.
Typical applications include DC motor speed and direction control in two-wheel-drive robots, bipolar stepper motor drives for 3D printers and CNC routers, solenoid and relay drivers in industrial automation, and pump/valve control in fluid handling. The Multiwatt-15 package is designed for a TO-220-style clip-on heatsink and accepts a 5 mm screw mount, which is the recommended way to operate the part above 1 A per bridge continuously.
When designing with this part, always add flyback diodes if driving non-resistive loads and derate to roughly 1 A per bridge when no heatsink is attached. The 5 V jumper on the popular breakout modules enables the on-board 78M05 logic regulator; remove it when an external 5 V rail is already present to avoid back-powering the Arduino.
Alternatives de remplacement direct pour L298N — même boîtier, compatible broche à broche. Les références à boîtier différent nécessitant une retouche du PCB sont exclues.
Outil de comparaison rapide — sélectionnez des références alternatives pour une comparaison côte à côte :
L298HN
✅ Remplacement direct📋 Alternative de référence (hors catalogue)
L298P
✅ Remplacement direct ⚠️ Spécifications non vérifiées📋 Alternative de référence (hors catalogue)
L293D
✅ Remplacement direct📋 Alternative de référence (hors catalogue)
DRV8871
✅ Remplacement direct📋 Alternative de référence (hors catalogue)
TB6612FNG
✅ Remplacement direct📋 Alternative de référence (hors catalogue)
LMD18200
✅ Remplacement direct📋 Alternative de référence (hors catalogue)
L298N Valeurs maximales et caractéristiques électriques
| Fonction | Dual full-bridge motor driver |
| Motor Type | DC motors, bipolar stepper motors, relays, solenoids |
| Topologie | Two H-bridges (4 half-bridge drivers) |
| Nombre de sorties | 4 (2 bridges) |
| Configuration de sortie | Half bridge (4) |
| Supply Voltage (Vs) | Up to 46 V |
| Logic Supply (Vss) | 4.5 V to 7 V |
| Continuous Output Current per Bridge | 2 A |
| Peak Output Current | 4 A (non-repetitive) |
| Logic Input Compatibility | TTL (low = 0 V, high = 2.3 V to Vss) |
| Output Stage | Bipolar Darlington pair |
| Typical Voltage Drop | Approx. 2 V at 1 A per bridge |
| Enable Inputs | 2 (ENA, ENB) - active high |
| Clamp Diodes | Internal for inductive kickback |
| Boîtier | Multiwatt-15 (15-lead PowerDIP with metal tab) |
| Température de fonctionnement | -25 C to +130 C (junction) |
| Type de montage | Through-Hole |
Configuration des broches de L298N
| Broche 1 | Vs — Motor supply voltage (up to 46 V) |
| Broche 2 | OUT1 — Bridge A output 1 |
| Broche 3 | OUT2 — Bridge A output 2 |
| Broche 4 | IN1 — Bridge A input 1 (TTL) |
| Broche 5 | IN2 — Bridge A input 2 (TTL) |
| Broche 6 | ENA — Bridge A enable (active high, TTL) |
| Broche 7 | Vss — Logic supply voltage (4.5 V to 7 V) |
| Broche 8 | GND — Ground |
| Broche 9 | Vs — Motor supply voltage (up to 46 V) |
| Broche 10 | GND — Ground |
| Broche 11 | ENB — Bridge B enable (active high, TTL) |
| Broche 12 | IN3 — Bridge B input 1 (TTL) |
| Broche 13 | IN4 — Bridge B input 2 (TTL) |
| Broche 14 | Vss — Logic supply voltage (4.5 V to 7 V) |
| Broche 15 | GND — Ground |
Applications typiques
L298N convient pour 6 applications: Two-Wheel Drive Robot Motor Control, Bipolar Stepper Motor Drive (3D Printer / CNC), Solenoid and Relay Driver for Industrial Automation, Linear Actuator Control (Valve / Piston), Educational Motor Driver Platform, DC Pump and Fan Speed Control.
Two-Wheel Drive Robot Motor Control
The L298N is the de-facto choice for two-wheel-drive Arduino-based robotics because each of its two full-bridge channels can drive one DC gear motor at up to 2 A continuous. Its TTL-compatible inputs connect directly to Arduino PWM-capable pins (ENA, IN1, IN2 for the left motor; ENB, IN3, IN4 for the right), so no level shifting is needed. With Vs at a typical 7-12 V battery pack and PWM duty cycle modulation through ENA/ENB, the L298N delivers independent forward, reverse, and brake control for differential steering. The ~2 V dropout reduces top motor speed slightly, but the simplicity of wiring and the enormous ecosystem of example code makes this a beginner-friendly drop-in for educational and hobby robots.
Recommandé
Bipolar Stepper Motor Drive (3D Printer / CNC)
The L298N drives a bipolar two-phase stepper motor by energising each winding through one of its full-bridges with alternating logic sequences on IN1-IN4. This makes it suitable for the NEMA 17/NEMA 23 motors commonly used in 3D printers, pen plotters, and small CNC routers where Vs is typically 12 V-24 V. The 46 V maximum supply gives headroom for higher-voltage bipolar steppers that benefit from faster current rise times. Although the bipolar Darlingtons dissipate significant heat during microstepping, the simplicity of the part - just four GPIO pins and an enable for each phase - keeps firmware and hardware complexity low compared to dedicated stepper drivers such as the A4988 or DRV8825.
Recommandé
Solenoid and Relay Driver for Industrial Automation
In industrial automation panels, the L298N's high-voltage (46 V) and high-current (2 A continuous) capability makes it well-suited for driving 24 V solenoids, pneumatic valves, latching relays, and DC contactors from a 5 V microcontroller. Its internal clamp diodes safely absorb the inductive kickback produced when the coil is de-energised, protecting the upstream logic supply. Each of the four half-bridges can be used as an independent low-side or high-side switch, doubling the part's versatility as an 8-channel driver when configured cleverly. The Multiwatt-15 package's through-hole mounting with metal tab also suits DIN-rail enclosures where a clip-on heatsink is acceptable.
Recommandé
Linear Actuator Control (Valve / Piston)
The L298N is widely used to drive 12 V DC linear actuators for home automation, adjustable desks, camera sliders, and valve actuation. By paralleling both bridges of one channel, designers can deliver up to 4 A continuous to a single actuator, supporting heavier loads that exceed the per-bridge rating. The TTL inputs allow direct connection to ESP32, Raspberry Pi, or Arduino GPIOs, with the enable pin providing PWM-based speed control for soft-start/soft-stop behaviour. The internal flyback diodes absorb the back-EMF generated at end-of-stroke, extending actuator life. The Multiwatt-15 package mounts on a clip-on heatsink, and the breakout modules on the market integrate the L298N with screw terminals for fast prototyping.
Recommandé
Educational Motor Driver Platform
The L298N is the most common motor driver in electronics education because of its simple TTL interface, forgiving 4.5 V-7 V logic supply range, and its prevalence in low-cost breakout modules shipped with Arduino starter kits. Students can wire it up in minutes to learn H-bridge theory, PWM speed control, and bipolar stepper sequencing without needing complex firmware libraries. The Multiwatt-15 package's TO-220-style mounting also lets students practice clip-on heatsink attachment, teaching thermal management fundamentals. According to educational-focussed distributors, the L298N-based module is the top-selling motor driver for K-12 and undergraduate robotics courses and remains the canonical reference for H-bridge design tutorials.
Recommandé
DC Pump and Fan Speed Control
The L298N controls the speed of DC pumps and fans up to 46 V/2 A by feeding a PWM signal into the enable pin (ENA or ENB) while holding the input pins at a fixed logic level. This works for 12 V computer fans, 24 V industrial blowers, and peristaltic dosing pumps commonly used in hydroponics, aquarium dosing, and 3D-printer coolant circulation. Because the L298N's bipolar Darlington drops ~2 V, efficiency is lower than MOSFET drivers, but the ruggedness and built-in flyback protection are valuable for inductive pump loads. The 5 V jumper on the popular breakout modules enables the on-board 78M05 regulator, eliminating the need for an external logic supply in simple standalone installations.
Recommandé
Récapitulatif des produits recommandés
Données de référence d'ingénierie pour L298N — comparaison, recommandations de conception et informations de conformité.
Guide de sélection
Comparaison avec les alternatives
| Paramètre | Ce produit | L298HN | L298P | L293D | DRV8871 | TB6612FNG | LMD18200 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Brand | STMicroelectronics | STMicroelectronics | STMicroelectronics | Texas Instruments | Texas Instruments | Toshiba | Texas Instruments |
| Package | Multiwatt-15 | Multiwatt-15 (same) | PowerSO-20 | DIP-16 | HSOP-8 | SSOP-24 | TO-220-11 |
| Topology | Dual full-bridge (2 channels) | Dual full-bridge (2 channels) | Dual full-bridge (2 channels) | Quad half-bridge (2 channels) | Dual full-bridge (1 IC = 2 channels) | Dual full-bridge (2 channels) | Single full-bridge (1 channel) |
| Supply Voltage Max | 46 V | 46 V | 46 V | 36 V | 45 V | 15 V | 55 V |
| Continuous Current per Bridge | 2 A | 2 A | 2 A | 0.6 A | 3.6 A peak | 1.2 A | 3 A |
| Output Stage | Bipolar Darlington | Bipolar Darlington | Bipolar Darlington | Bipolar Darlington | DMOS MOSFET | DMOS MOSFET | DMOS MOSFET |
| Typical Voltage Drop | ~2.0 V at 1 A | ~2.0 V at 1 A | ~2.0 V at 1 A | ~1.2 V at 0.6 A | ~0.3 V at 1 A (Rds_on) | ~0.5 V at 1 A | ~0.3 V at 1 A |
| Logic Input Compatibility | TTL | TTL | TTL | TTL | 3.3 V/5 V CMOS | 2.7 V to 5.5 V CMOS | TTL/CMOS |
Principaux différenciateurs
- Highest motor-supply voltage in this class (46 V) (vs TB6612FNG)
- Built-in clamp diodes for inductive loads (vs DRV8871)
- TTL-compatible logic inputs work with 5 V microcontrollers without level shifters (vs LMD18200)
Notes de conception
Estimated: at 24 V motor supply, 5 V output to a stalled motor drawing 2 A, the L298N dissipates (24-5)*2 + 2*2 (bridge drop) ~= 42 W as heat. The Multiwatt-15 package without a heatsink has theta_JA above 35 C/W; this would push the junction past 1500 C above ambient. A clip-on TO-220 heatsink (theta_JA around 10-15 C/W) plus 1 square inch of copper on the underside of the PCB is mandatory above 1 A per bridge continuous. Always apply thermal compound between the metal tab and the heatsink.
Place a 100 nF ceramic decoupling capacitor as close as possible to the Vss logic supply pins (pins 7 and 14) and a 100 nF + 100 uF electrolytic across the Vs motor supply pins (1, 8, 9, 15). Without these, the inductive switching transients from the motor will couple back into the logic supply and may cause unintended logic-level glitches. The popular L298N breakout modules already include these capacitors, but if you are designing your own PCB add them explicitly.
A common mistake is leaving the 5 V jumper on the popular L298N breakout module in place when an external 5 V supply is present - this back-powers the Arduino through the on-board 78M05 regulator and can damage both devices. Remove the jumper when you supply 5 V from the Arduino. Also, do not exceed 2 A continuous per bridge, and avoid holding the motor in a stalled state at full duty cycle for more than a few seconds, as the L298N does not include thermal shutdown - all protection is external.
If you are laying out a PCB for the L298HN (Multiwatt-15) or L298P (PowerSO-20), keep the motor traces short and wide (at least 1 oz copper, 0.5 mm wide per 100 mA). The exposed metal tab is electrically connected to ground (pin 8 area); use it for thermal relief by adding a copper pour on the top layer directly under the tab. If using the PowerSO-20 surface-mount variant, ensure the thermal pad on the PCB has multiple thermal vias to the inner/ground plane to keep junction temperature in check.
Informations de conformité
Compliance data not explicitly stated in the verified web sources; refer to ST product page for definitive RoHS/REACH status. The L298HN variant is AEC-qualified for automotive, but the L298N (Multiwatt-15) base part is not AEC-Q100 qualified.
