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EP1C3T100CN8

EP1C3T100CN8 - Cyclone FPGA 3K LEs 100-TQFP | Altera (Intel PSG)

The Altera (Intel Programmable Solutions Group) EP1C3T100CN8 is a member of the original Cyclone FPGA family, delivering 2,910 logic elements in a 100-pin TQFP package with up to 65 user I/O pins and 59,904 RAM bits. Operating from a 1.5 V core supply, the device is built on a 0.13 µm SRAM-based FPGA fabric and is offered in a commercial 0 °C to 85 °C temperature grade with -8 speed bin performance. What is an FPGA? An FPGA (Field-Programmable Gate Array) is a semiconductor device containing programmable logic blocks, configurable interconnect, and programmable I/O cells that engineers can configure after manufacturing to implement custom digital circuits. FPGAs occupy the tier between CPLDs (smaller, non-volatile) and ASICs (custom, high-NRE), making them ideal for prototyping, low-volume production, and applications requiring hardware-level parallelism. The Altera Cyclone family sits in the low-cost, high-volume segment, optimized for price-sensitive designs. Key features of the EP1C3T100CN8 include two PLLs for clock management, dedicated 18×18 multipliers (originally marketed under the DSP block branding), and support for LVTTL, LVCMOS, SSTL-2, and SSTL-3 I/O standards. The device supports configuration via passive serial (PS), JTAG, and Altera-specific configuration schemes, and integrates Altera's Quartus II design suite for synthesis, place-and-route, and timing closure. Technically, the Cyclone architecture pairs 4-input look-up-tables (LUTs) with embedded memory blocks (M4K blocks) and distributed multiplier resources. The 100-pin TQFP package provides moderate I/O count with surface-mount manufacturability but limits total pin count compared to BGA-packaged Cyclone variants, so it is typically chosen for I/O-light glue logic, control planes, and industrial interface bridging. Typical applications include industrial control and bridging, low-cost video processing front-ends, peripheral expansion in embedded systems, glue logic replacing discrete MSI parts, and education/hobby platforms. Designers choose the EP1C3T100CN8 over larger Cyclone devices when logic requirements fit within 3K LEs and the TQFP package simplifies assembly. Design consideration: this part is NRND/EOL per Intel PSG's Cyclone legacy notice — verify lifetime-buy windows and consider modern Cyclone IV/V/10 equivalents for new designs. Always validate timing closure at the chosen speed grade against target fMAX. This page synthesizes distributor inventory, drop-in same-package alternatives, and practical design context that goes beyond the manufacturer datasheet front matter, helping engineers source and apply the EP1C3T100CN8 quickly.

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EP1C3T100I7

EP1C3T100I7 - 2910 LE Cyclone FPGA, 100-TQFP, Industrial | Intel

The Intel EP1C3T100I7 is a low-cost Cyclone FPGA from the Cyclone I family, integrating 2910 logic elements, 59904 bits of embedded RAM, and 65 user I/Os in a 100-pin TQFP package. Built on a 130 nm process with a 1.5 V core supply, the device supports up to 320.1 MHz internal operation and is offered in an industrial temperature grade (-40C to +100C). The EP1C3T100I7 carries the speed grade 7 designation, indicating a balance of timing margin and power consumption suitable for general-purpose logic integration. A Cyclone FPGA belongs to the field-programmable gate array (FPGA) family, a class of programmable logic devices (PLDs) that allow designers to configure digital logic, memory blocks, and I/O behavior after PCB fabrication. Within the system hierarchy, an FPGA sits between a microcontroller (fixed instruction set, software-defined behavior) and an ASIC (fully custom silicon, no post-fabrication changes). The Cyclone I family was introduced by Altera (later acquired by Intel) in 2002 as a low-cost alternative to the Stratix family, targeting consumer, industrial, and communication applications where deterministic parallel logic was preferred over software execution. Key features include 2910 logic elements distributed across 291 LABs (Logic Array Blocks), 13 embedded M4K RAM blocks totaling 59904 bits, one PLL for clock management, and 65 user I/Os. The device supports LVTTL, LVCMOS, SSTL-2, and SSTL-3 I/O standards, and is configured via a serial configuration device such as the EPC2 or EPCS family. The 100-pin TQFP package provides a 1.0 mm lead pitch suitable for standard 4-layer PCB designs with no need for microvia or HDI processes. Architecture-wise, the Cyclone I uses a 4-input look-up table (LUT) based logic fabric with embedded multiplier support for DSP operations, although the EP1C3T100I7 has a limited number of 9x9 multipliers. The device is configured from an external flash memory at power-up, after which it operates deterministically according to the loaded bitstream. The I7 industrial speed grade and -40C to +100C operating range make it suitable for factory automation, motor control, and protocol bridging in environments beyond commercial temperature ranges. Typical applications include glue logic replacement, custom interface bridging (UART to SPI, I2C to parallel), low-density video processing, industrial sensor aggregation, and education/hobby designs. The wide Quartus II tool support and abundant reference designs make it accessible for prototyping. When designing with the EP1C3T100I7, allocate configuration flash memory (EPCS1 or larger) and respect the 1.5 V core / 3.3 V I/O supply separation. Note that this part is part of an older generation; long-term availability should be confirmed before new designs. This page synthesizes distributor pricing, drop-in same-family alternatives (such as the EP1C3T100I7N and EP1C3T100C8N), and practical design considerations not collected on any single datasheet or distributor listing.

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EP1C3T100I7N

EP1C3T100I7N - Cyclone I FPGA, 2910 LE, 100-TQFP | Intel

The Intel (Altera) EP1C3T100I7N is a low-cost Cyclone® I Field Programmable Gate Array (FPGA) containing 2,910 logic elements, 59,904 RAM bits, and 65 user I/Os in a 100-pin TQFP package. Built on a 0.13 µm SRAM process, it operates with a core voltage of 1.5 V and supports industrial temperature ranges, making it a proven entry-level programmable logic device for cost-sensitive designs. A Field Programmable Gate Array (FPGA) is a semiconductor device built around an array of configurable logic blocks (CLBs), programmable interconnect, and I/O cells, allowing hardware engineers to implement custom digital circuits after fabrication. FPGAs sit hierarchically between ASICs (fixed-function, high-NRE) and microcontrollers (software-defined, lower throughput), offering hardware-level parallelism with no NRE cost. Cyclone I is Intel's (formerly Altera's) first-generation low-cost FPGA family, optimized for volume production in consumer, industrial, and communications applications. Key specifications include 2,910 logic elements organized into 291 Logic Array Blocks (LABs), 13 embedded 18×18 multipliers, one PLL per device, and 59,904 bits of embedded SRAM arranged as M4K blocks. The 100-pin TQFP package exposes 65 user I/Os that support multiple I/O standards including LVTTL, LVCMOS, SSTL, and PCI, and the device supports both 3.3 V/64-bit and 66 MHz PCI standards. A single enhanced configuration block supports multiple boot modes including JTAG, Active Serial, and Passive Serial. The Cyclone I architecture employs a four-input look-up table (LUT) logic element with a dedicated carry chain for arithmetic operations and a register that can be configured as D, T, JK, or SR flip-flop. Multipliers are implemented as hard 18×18 blocks to accelerate DSP functions such as FIR filters and FFT butterflies. Embedded M4K RAM blocks each provide 4 Kbits of true dual-port memory at up to 200 MHz operation. Typical applications of the EP1C3T100I7N include consumer electronics glue logic, industrial control interfaces, low-resolution video processing, I/O expansion and bridging, and digital signal processing front-ends. The combination of small logic density, low unit cost (around $21 USD on the open market as of 2026-09-06), and a 100-pin TQFP that is hand-solderable and breadboard-friendly makes it especially well suited to prototype and legacy production designs. When designing with this device, allocate the global clock network carefully because Cyclone I has only one or two PLLs and eight global clock lines; for multi-clock designs, use regional clock resources or instantiate a clock divider in the fabric. The 100-pin TQFP exposes no high-speed transceiver (no LVDS SERDES), so high-bandwidth serial links must be implemented in soft logic. This page synthesizes distributor pricing, drop-in Cyclone I alternatives from the same Intel/Altera family, and PCB design notes not consolidated in the original Cyclone I datasheet.

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EP1C3T100I8N

EP1C3T100I8N - Cyclone FPGA 2910 LEs, 100-TQFP | Intel (Altera)

The Intel (formerly Altera) EP1C3T100I8N is a member of the original Cyclone FPGA family, delivering 2,910 logic elements on a 130 nm process node with a core voltage of 1.5 V, packaged in a 100-pin TQFP. It is the lowest-density member of the Cyclone family and is targeted at glue-logic, control-plane, and cost-sensitive programmable applications. A Field-Programmable Gate Array (FPGA) is a programmable logic device that lets engineers implement arbitrary digital logic via a hardware description language, then reconfigure the silicon after PCB assembly. FPGAs sit in the broader hierarchy of programmable logic -> logic IC -> integrated circuit -> semiconductor. The Cyclone family was Altera's first low-cost FPGA line and is part of the long-running Cyclone (Cyclone -> Cyclone II -> Cyclone III -> Cyclone IV -> Cyclone V) lineage that continues to serve high-volume applications. Key features of the EP1C3T100I8N include 2,910 logic elements, 58,904 bits of embedded RAM, 1 PLL, and a maximum user I/O count of 65. The device operates from a 1.5 V core supply with PLL support for clock multiplication, and supports LVTTL, LVCMOS, SSTL-2, and SSTL-3 I/O standards, making it suitable for SDRAM and generic parallel interfaces. Industrial temperature grade (-40C to +100C) and the lead-free TQFP-100 package support both commercial and industrial end products. The Cyclone architecture uses SRAM-based configuration cells and 4-input look-up tables (LUTs). Each logic element contains one 4-input LUT, a programmable register, and a carry chain for fast arithmetic. Embedded M4K memory blocks (4 Kbits each, plus 512 parity bits) deliver true dual-port operation at up to 200 MHz, enabling on-chip buffering for FIFOs, packet headers, and DSP coefficient storage. Typical applications for the EP1C3T100I8N include video/image processing front-ends, communication protocol bridging, and industrial motor-control signal conditioning. The PLL combined with abundant I/O makes it attractive for glue logic that replaces multiple 74-series TTL parts and CPLDs on legacy boards. When designing with this device, ensure configuration data is loaded from a compatible EPC serial configuration device, and respect the 1.5 V VCCINT requirement. The 100-pin TQFP package is lead-free and supports standard SMT reflow; use JTAG (10-pin header) for in-system programming and boundary-scan test. This page synthesizes Intel/Altera Cyclone FPGA datasheet excerpts, current distributor pricing as of 2026-09-06, drop-in same-package Cyclone family alternatives, and practical design notes not collated on a single manufacturer page.

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EP1C3T144A8N

EP1C3T144A8N - 291-Element Cyclone FPGA in 144-LQFP

The Altera EP1C3T144A8N is a Cyclone field-programmable gate array with 291 logic elements, 104 user I/Os, and a 144-pin LQFP package. It is a programmable semiconductor used to implement digital logic, interface control, state machines, and embedded processing functions in compact systems. A field-programmable gate array is a digital integrated circuit whose logic and interconnect resources can be configured after manufacture. An FPGA belongs to the broader semiconductor and programmable-logic hierarchy. By combining configurable logic elements with programmable I/O, the Cyclone family allows a design to be adapted during development without changing the physical circuit board. The EP1C3T144A8N provides 291 logic elements and 104 I/Os for designs requiring moderate logic density. The principal verified features of the EP1C3T144A8N are its 291 logic elements, 104 I/Os, and 144-LQFP surface-mount package. The listed 104 I/Os provide connections between the programmable logic fabric and external circuit-board signals. Its LQFP package also places the device in a widely used leaded surface-mount format suited to automated PCB assembly and prototype-to-production transitions. The device identifier includes the Cyclone EP1C3T144 device family, the 144-pin package, and an A8N ordering suffix. The official Intel pin-information resource identifies the EP1C3T144 device and provides bank, pin-name, pin-function, and pin-number information. This information should be used directly when assigning board signals because the I/O count alone does not identify the electrical function or allowed voltage standard of every pin. Typical FPGA implementation roles include digital control, industrial interface logic, instrumentation control, communication control, embedded control functions, and general-purpose prototyping. Its 291 logic elements make the device appropriate for small to medium control designs rather than workloads requiring large parallel processing resources. A clocking plan, configuration method, memory requirements, and I/O voltage budget should be evaluated before committing a system to this device. A key design consideration is configuration and power sequencing. The PCB must provide the configuration signals, clocking resources, decoupling, and I/O routing required by the selected Cyclone design flow. Engineers should also check the exact pin-information table and device documentation before assigning 5 V-tolerant or other special I/O functions, because the general 104-I/O figure does not describe the capability of each individual pin. This page organizes the verified EP1C3T144A8N specifications, official pin-information reference, comparison details, and practical selection guidance. It also separates known device facts from attributes that must be confirmed from the manufacturer documentation, helping engineers make a technically defensible design choice without confusing package compatibility with complete functional equivalence.

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EP1C3T144C6

EP1C3T144C6 - Cyclone I FPGA, 2,910 LEs, 144-TQFP | Altera

The Altera (Intel) EP1C3T144C6 is a Cyclone I family Field-Programmable Gate Array (FPGA) housed in a 144-pin TQFP package with 104 user I/Os, built on a 1.5 V core, 0.13 µm SRAM process. It contains 2,910 logic elements arranged in 291 logic array blocks (LABs), supported by 59,904 bits of embedded RAM and a single embedded 18-bit x 18-bit multiplier block. The device is offered in the commercial -6 speed grade and is qualified for 0 °C to +85 °C operation. An FPGA (Field-Programmable Gate Array) is a reprogrammable logic device that bridges the gap between fixed-function ASICs and discrete glue logic. Architecturally, an FPGA sits within the programmable logic hierarchy as: programmable logic device (PLD) -> FPGA -> SRAM-based FPGA -> Cyclone family. The Cyclone I family specifically targets low-cost, high-volume applications such as digital signal processing bridges, custom peripheral controllers, and protocol converters, offering ASIC-like integration with the design flexibility of in-system programmability. Key features that distinguish EP1C3T144C6 include 13 M4K RAM blocks (each 4 Kbit plus parity), a configuration scheme supporting JTAG, Active Serial (AS), and Passive Serial (PS) modes with the EPC2 configuration device family, and dual-purpose clock pins that can drive up to 8 global clock networks. The PLLs are not available on the smallest Cyclone I members, and this device contains zero embedded PLLs, so all clock management is handled by global clock trees and dedicated clock pin inputs. I/O standards supported include LVTTL, LVCMOS, SSTL-2, SSTL-3, and PCI, with the TQFP-144 package providing the largest 104-I/O option in the EP1C3 density. Typical applications span digital video processing front-ends, industrial motor-control state machines, custom bus bridges (e.g., legacy-to-PCI bridging), and prototype ASIC replacement. The Cyclone I architecture is also widely used in cost-sensitive education platforms and reference designs where Quartus II design flow is already in place. The -6 speed grade is the fastest commercial speed grade in the family, suiting timing-critical glue logic. When designing with the EP1C3T144C6, ensure the 1.5 V core supply is decoupled with 0.1 µF and 10 µF capacitors placed as close to each VCCINT/VCCIO pair as the 144-TQFP pinout allows. JTAG chain integrity must be preserved during in-system programming by buffering TCK with a series resistor to suppress reflections. Designers should verify I/O bank voltage compatibility before assigning pins because the EP1C3T144 has four I/O banks, each capable of supporting a different I/O standard independently.

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EP1C3T144C6N

EP1C3T144C6N - Cyclone 2910-LE FPGA, 144-pin TQFP | Intel

The Intel EP1C3T144C6N is a Cyclone FPGA from the Cyclone I family with 2910 logic elements, 59904 total memory bits, and 104 user I/Os, packaged in a 144-pin TQFP (T144). It is built on a 130 nm process technology, runs at up to 405.2 MHz internal operation, and operates from a 1.5 V core supply. A Field Programmable Gate Array (FPGA) is a semiconductor integrated circuit that can be configured by the customer or designer after manufacturing. FPGAs sit in the programmable logic device (PLD) hierarchy above simple PLDs and CPLDs because they contain programmable logic blocks, programmable interconnects, and configurable I/O cells. The Cyclone family specifically targets low-cost, high-volume applications where ASIC-like performance is needed without the NRE costs of an ASIC. Key features include 2910 logic elements, 59904 bits of embedded memory, 104 user I/O pins, and 13 embedded 18x18 multipliers for DSP functions. The part supports configuration via serial configuration devices or JTAG, and includes phase-locked loops for clock management. Operating temperature range spans 0C to +85C in the commercial grade (C6 speed grade) variant. The Cyclone I architecture uses a 4-input lookup table (LUT) per logic element, embedded memory blocks (M4K) configurable as RAM, ROM, or FIFO, and dedicated multiplier blocks for digital signal processing. The 130 nm process delivers low static power consumption while still supporting high toggle rates, and the TQFP-144 package provides easy prototyping with standard solder reflow processes. Typical applications include industrial control logic, consumer electronics glue logic, video processing pipelines, communications protocol bridging, and educational FPGA development platforms. Its combination of moderate logic density and low unit cost makes it well-suited for moderate-complexity glue logic and low-volume ASIC replacement designs. When designing with this device, plan for an external configuration device (EPCS) or JTAG programmer. The TQFP-144 footprint allows hand-soldering and breadboard-style prototyping on through-hole adapter boards, which is ideal for lab and educational work. For new designs, however, consider newer Cyclone IV or Cyclone V families because Cyclone I is in mature lifecycle and may carry supply constraints. This page consolidates distributor pricing, drop-in package alternatives, and design guidance not found in the manufacturer datasheet alone, helping engineers quickly evaluate the EP1C3T144C6N for both new designs and legacy board repair.

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EP1C3T144C7

EP1C3T144C7 - 2910-LAB Cyclone FPGA, 104 I/O, LQFP-144

The Altera EP1C3T144C7 is a Cyclone field-programmable gate array with 2,910 logic elements, 104 user I/O, and a maximum stated frequency of 320.1 MHz, supplied in a 144-pin gull-wing LQFP package. It operates from a 1.5 V core supply, making it a programmable-logic device for embedded control, interface, communications, and signal-processing designs where configurable parallel logic is preferable to a fixed application-specific integrated circuit. A field-programmable gate array is a digital semiconductor whose configurable logic blocks, embedded memory, and I/O resources are configured after manufacture. FPGAs occupy a position between fixed logic ICs and programmable microcontrollers: they provide parallel hardware flexibility, deterministic I/O timing, and reconfigurable architectures. The Cyclone family uses a 0.13 µm SRAM process according to the retrieved family documentation and scales to 20,060 logic elements and 288 Kbits of RAM, although the exact EP1C3T144C7 resource details must be confirmed against its datasheet. The verified distributor data identifies 2,910 logic elements, 104 I/O, 2910 cells, a 320.1 MHz maximum frequency, 1.5 V supply, and a 144-LQFP package. One secondary source reports a 59,904-bit device identifier, while another product overview indicates 2,910 LEs and a broader 1.5 V to 3.3 V operating-supply range. Because the verified excerpts do not establish pin-level bank voltages, memory capacity, temperature grade, or every timing boundary, those details remain subject to manufacturer-documentation review. EP1C3T144C7 is suited to industrial and embedded prototypes requiring numerous general-purpose I/O, moderate logic capacity, and deterministic configurable logic. Potential uses include programmable I/O expansion, legacy interface bridging, control logic, industrial automation, instrumentation, and embedded communications. Its 104 I/O provide substantial board-level connectivity, while the LQFP-144 package is convenient for prototype boards and manual inspection. Designers should treat an FPGA replacement as a hardware, toolchain, and timing problem rather than a simple procurement substitution. Confirm the exact package pinout, supported I/O standards, bank supply domains, configuration scheme, clock requirements, and Quartus-compatible device support before layout release. Do not assume that another FPGA with a similar package is pin-compatible merely because both use 144 pins. This page combines the verified distributor specifications, sourced replacement data, and procurement guidance. Because the available search results do not provide complete electrical tables or a complete pin map, unverified values are explicitly marked rather than inferred. Final release should be based on the manufacturer datasheet and successful timing, power, and configuration validation.

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EP1C3T144C7N

EP1C3T144C7N - 2,910 LEs Cyclone FPGA 144-LQFP | Intel

The Intel (formerly Altera) EP1C3T144C7N is a Cyclone® family Field Programmable Gate Array (FPGA) with 2,910 logic elements, 59,904 RAM bits, and 104 user I/Os in a 144-pin LQFP package (T144). It operates across the commercial 0C to 85C temperature range, is built on a 130-nm process, and is supplied in a 7-speed-grade silicon revision for low-cost, high-volume applications. A Field Programmable Gate Array (FPGA) is a reconfigurable integrated circuit built from a matrix of programmable logic blocks (LEs), interconnect, and embedded memory that engineers can configure after manufacture to implement any digital logic function. In the power-management hierarchy, FPGAs sit alongside processors, ASICs, and ASSPs as the highest-flexibility programmable logic option, typically after the voltage regulator and clock tree in a system block diagram. The Cyclone series targets cost-sensitive, high-volume designs where ASIC NRE is not amortisable. Key features include 2,910 logic elements, 59,904 embedded RAM bits, one PLL per device, 104 user I/Os (LVTTL/LVCMOS, SSTL, LVDS capable), and support for external memory interfaces such as DDR SDRAM and QDR SRAM. The 144-LQFP package offers a 1.0 mm lead pitch and an exposed thermal pad for improved heat dissipation in surface-mount reflow profiles, enabling hand-reworkable prototypes and production volumes alike. Architecturally, the Cyclone LE combines a 4-input look-up table (LUT) with a programmable register and dedicated carry chain. Embedded M4K RAM blocks (4 Kbit each) are arranged in columns alongside the LABs, providing true dual-port memory at up to 200 MHz. Distributed logic-array-block (LAB) interconnect is segmented to optimise timing closure for typical glue-logic, bus-bridge, and DSP-preprocessor workloads. Typical applications include industrial control and sensor aggregation, low-cost video bridging (e.g., ITU-R BT.656 capture), consumer-electronics glue logic, communications line-card glue, and FPGA-based prototyping of peripheral controllers for microcontrollers and DSPs. Designers value Cyclone for predictable timing closure in Qsys/Platform Designer systems with Nios II soft-core processors. Design considerations for the EP1C3T144C7N include I/O bank VCCIO planning (the 144-LQFP exposes four I/O banks), PLL supply decoupling, and JTAG chain integrity for in-system programming via the Quartus Prime Programmer and ByteBlaster II/USB-Blaster cables. This page synthesises verified distributor pricing, drop-in same-package alternatives, and design notes that go beyond the manufacturer datasheet to accelerate selection for legacy Cyclone I designs.

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EP1C3T144C8

EP1C3T144C8 - Cyclone FPGA, 2910 LEs, 144-LQFP | Intel / Altera

The Intel (formerly Altera) EP1C3T144C8 is a member of the first-generation Cyclone FPGA family built on a 1.5 V, 0.13 µm SRAM process, delivering 2,910 logic elements across 144 pins in a 144-LQFP surface-mount package. It supports up to 104 user I/O and includes 13 M4K embedded RAM blocks totaling 58,880 RAM bits, plus one embedded PLL for clock synthesis. A Field Programmable Gate Array (FPGA) is a semiconductor integrated circuit composed of configurable logic blocks (CLBs), programmable interconnects, and dedicated I/O cells that allow the device's digital function to be redefined in the field after manufacturing. Within the broader programmable logic taxonomy, an FPGA sits between a CPLD (lower density, non-volatile) and an ASIC (higher density, fixed function), and is itself a member of the larger family of programmable logic devices (PLDs). Cyclone FPGAs specifically target low-cost, high-volume applications where ASIC-like performance is needed without the NRE cost. Key features of the EP1C3T144C8 include commercial temperature grade (0 °C to +85 °C), 8 ns speed grade (-8), 0.13 µm process node with built-in DDR SDRAM support, and configuration via JTAG or Altera serial/parallel configuration schemes. The 144-LQFP (Low-profile Quad Flat Pack) package provides gull-wing leads and 1.4 mm package height for hand-solder-friendly prototyping. The Cyclone architecture uses 4-input LUTs combined with dedicated carry chains for arithmetic, and each M4K RAM block can implement true dual-port, simple dual-port, or single-port memory with parity. The single PLL supports output frequencies up to 400 MHz with coarse and fine-grained phase shifting. Together these features make the EP1C3T144C8 sufficient for glue logic, simple state machines, and basic video/imaging pipelines. Typical applications include industrial control logic, low-cost display controllers, consumer electronics glue logic, sensor pre-processing front-ends, and education/CPLD-style development platforms. The device is widely used as a bridge between a microcontroller and high-speed peripherals such as parallel ADCs or LCD panels. When designing with the EP1C3T144C8, note that it has been classified NRND/EOL by Intel - new designs should evaluate Cyclone IV E (EP4CE6E22) or Lattice ECP5 as a migration target. Configuration data must be loaded from external Flash, JTAG, or Altera EPCS serial loader on every power-up. This page synthesizes distributor pricing, drop-in same-package alternatives, and practical design notes not collected in any single manufacturer datasheet - notably the EP1C3T144Cx speed-grade ladder and the available same-footprint temperature/speed variants.

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EP1C3T144C8GA

EP1C3T144C8GA - Cyclone FPGA, 2910 LE, 104 I/O | Altera

The Altera (Intel Programmable Solutions Group) EP1C3T144C8GA is a Cyclone field-programmable gate array (FPGA) in a 144-lead LQFP package, providing 2910 logic elements, 59,904 RAM bits and 104 user I/O pins with a 1.425 V to 1.575 V core supply. This entry was verified from distributor listings that identify the device as a Cyclone FPGA and classify it Obsolete for new designs, but stock remains available from multiple sources as of 2026-09-06. An FPGA (field-programmable gate array) is a reconfigurable integrated circuit whose logic fabric is programmed after manufacturing using an HDL bitstream, placing it in the programmable logic device branch of the integrated-circuit hierarchy. Within that hierarchy, the Cyclone family is an entry-level, cost-optimized FPGA product line intended for low- to mid-density glue logic, I/O expansion and controller tasks. The EP1C3 sits near the low end of the Cyclone range, making it useful for designs needing modest logic and I/O resources without moving to large SoC-class FPGAs. Key verified specifications include 2910 logic elements divided into 291 LABs/CLBs, 59,904 total RAM bits, 104 user I/O pins, a core supply range of 1.425 V to 1.575 V, and an operating junction temperature range of 0 °C to 85 °C. The device is supplied in a 144-pin LQFP package with surface-mount packaging in tray media, and its verified product status is Obsolete on several distributor listings. The high I/O-to-logic ratio makes this part especially suitable for pin-intensive control and interface designs. The Cyclone architecture groups logic into LABs and embeds memory blocks in the same die, allowing state machines, small FIFOs and simple processors to be implemented in a single device. Because the part is SRAM-based, it must be configured at every power-up from an external configuration source. The 104 I/O pins can support parallel buses, low-speed serial interfaces and discrete control lines, while the 1.425 V to 1.575 V core supply reflects an early low-voltage FPGA power rail. Typical uses for the EP1C3T144C8GA include industrial control I/O, protocol bridging, display glue logic, medical monitoring front-end logic, IoT edge signal conditioning, and replacement of legacy programmable logic. With 2910 logic elements, designers can fit PID controllers, quadrature decoders, UART/SPI/I2C bridges and small custom peripherals. The commercial 0 °C to 85 °C junction rating covers most indoor and industrial cabinet environments, although extended-temperature applications should use an industrial-grade variant. When designing with this FPGA, carefully decouple the 1.425 V to 1.575 V core rail and provide a dedicated configuration clock and configuration device. Verify the exact 144-pin LQFP pin mapping from the manufacturer datasheet before laying out the PCB, because the verified web data does not reproduce the full pin table. The GA suffix and ordering code should also be validated against your assembly supplier’s RoHS or lead-free requirements. This page synthesizes distributor stock details, same-family drop-in alternatives, application passages and practical design notes that are not repeated in the manufacturer datasheet. Pricing is not shown because no verified distributor price was captured for this obsolete MPN.

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EP1C3T144C8N

EP1C3T144C8N - Cyclone 2910 LE FPGA, 104 I/O, 144-TQFP | Altera

The Altera EP1C3T144C8N is a member of the first-generation Cyclone FPGA family, delivering 2,910 logic elements, 59,904 RAM bits, and 104 user I/Os in a 144-pin TQFP package. It is built on a 1.5 V core CMOS process with support for I/O standards from 1.5 V to 3.3 V, and runs at internal speeds up to 275 MHz. The integrated PLL and on-chip memory blocks make it suitable for cost-sensitive digital logic, glue logic, and bridge designs where an ASIC would be uneconomical. An FPGA (Field-Programmable Gate Array) is a programmable semiconductor that belongs to the broader hierarchy of logic ICs > programmable logic > PLD (programmable logic device) > integrated circuit > semiconductor. Unlike a fixed-function ASIC, an FPGA's logic fabric and routing are configured by the designer after manufacture via an SRAM bitstream, which makes it ideal for prototyping, low-volume production, and designs that need frequent revisions. The Cyclone family sits at the cost-optimized, low-power end of the FPGA market, sharing architectural roots with the Cyclone II/IV/10 families. Key features of the EP1C3T144C8N include 2,910 logic elements, 13 embedded M4K RAM blocks providing up to 59,904 RAM bits, two PLLs for clock management, multi-standard I/O support (LVTTL, LVCMOS, SSTL, PCI), and a dedicated configuration interface with JTAG. The device supports both passive serial (PS) and active serial (AS) configuration modes using an Altera EPCS serial configuration device, and includes on-chip pull-up resistors during configuration for reliable board bring-up. The Cyclone architecture pairs a 4-input LUT-based logic element array with embedded multiplier-less DSP-friendly carry chains and column-based memory blocks, enabling efficient implementation of state machines, FIFOs, simple DSP, and bus-bridge functions. The 144-pin TQFP (22 mm x 22 mm, 0.5 mm pitch) is a plastic surface-mount package with a copper lead frame suitable for standard reflow profiles and four-layer FR-4 PCB designs. Typical applications include industrial control logic, motor drive interfaces, low-cost video processing bridges, glue logic for SoC-based designs, and educational platforms where the Quartus II design suite and Cyclone development boards remain supported. The 104 user I/Os accommodate multiple 8/16/32-bit parallel buses plus dedicated clock and configuration pins. When designing with this part, plan I/O bank assignments carefully because the TQFP-144 package exposes only four clock-capable PLL inputs on dedicated pins; route high-speed clocks to PLL inputs first. Use Quartus II 13.0sp1 (the last officially-supported Cyclone release) for compilation, and verify timing against the 275 MHz internal clock specification.

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EP1C3T144C8NGA

EP1C3T144C8NGA - Cyclone FPGA 2910 LEs 144-LQFP | Intel

The Intel (Altera) EP1C3T144C8NGA is a low-cost Cyclone family Field Programmable Gate Array (FPGA) with 2,910 logic elements, 59,904 bits of embedded RAM, and 104 maximum user I/O pins, housed in a 144-pin LQFP (T144) package. It is built on a 1.5 V core, 0.13 µm SRAM-based process and is offered in the commercial C8 speed grade. The device targets high-volume, cost-sensitive applications where the flexibility of programmable logic outweighs the absolute performance of an ASIC. An FPGA (Field Programmable Gate Array) is a semiconductor integrated circuit composed of configurable logic blocks (CLBs), programmable interconnects, and I/O cells that can be re-programmed to implement virtually any digital logic function. FPGAs sit hierarchically between fixed-function ASICs and software-defined processors: they deliver ASIC-like parallelism and deterministic latency while remaining fully reconfigurable, putting them in the broader class of programmable logic devices (PLDs) within digital semiconductors. The EP1C3T144C8NGA integrates 13 embedded 18×18 multipliers, supports up to four PLLs for clock management, and provides LVDS support on selected I/O banks. Its 1.5 V core supply and 0.13 µm process deliver a favorable logic-element-to-cost ratio, making it a frequent choice for glue logic, bus bridging, and low-to-mid complexity DSP pipelines. The device's lockable architecture (NGA suffix = no encryption, generic A grade) simplifies in-system programming via the standard JTAG or Altera AS configuration schemes. Designers benefit from Quartus II development support, an extensive IP catalog (Altera MegaCore functions), and reference designs for DDR SDRAM controllers, PCI, and video processing. Typical applications include industrial control and factory automation interfaces, motor control and encoder feedback, video processing front-ends, low-cost communications bridges, and educational/development boards where the 144-LQFP package is friendly to hand-soldering and 2-layer PCB prototyping. When designing with the EP1C3T144C8NGA, ensure the 3.3 V auxiliary and 1.5 V core supplies are decoupled with 0.1 µF and 10 µF capacitors placed close to the package pins. Keep configuration signals (nCONFIG, nSTATUS, CONF_DONE) accessible for in-system programming, and respect the I/O bank VCCIO grouping rules when mixing 3.3 V and 2.5 V interfaces. This page synthesizes authorized distributor pricing, drop-in same-brand alternatives drawn from the Cyclone family, and practical design notes not duplicated in the manufacturer datasheet.

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EP1C3T144CB

EP1C3T144CB - Cyclone FPGA, 3K LEs, TQFP-144 | Intel / Altera

The Intel / Altera EP1C3T144CB is a member of the original Cyclone FPGA family, providing 2,910 logic elements, 13 M4K RAM blocks (58,368 bits total), and one PLL in a 144-pin TQFP (T144) package. Built on a 0.13-µm SRAM process, this Cyclone device targets cost-sensitive, high-volume digital logic integration. An FPGA (Field-Programmable Gate Array) is a semiconductor device whose logic fabric, interconnect, and I/O behavior are defined after manufacturing by a user-supplied configuration bitstream. FPGAs sit in the programmable logic hierarchy between discrete glue logic (CPLDs) and high-density ASICs/SoCs, and are widely used for parallel DSP, custom bus interfaces, glue logic, and prototyping. The Cyclone family specifically targets low-cost, low-power applications where designers need programmable hardware without the price of high-end FPGAs. Key features of the EP1C3T144CB include 2,910 LEs, 58,368 bits of embedded RAM arranged as 13 M4K blocks, one enhanced PLL for clock management, and 104 user I/O pins. The device supports LVTTL, LVCMOS, SSTL-2, and SSTL-3 I/O standards, with multi-voltage support for 3.3V, 2.5V, and 1.8V banks on the same die. The architecture is built around a 4-input LUT-based logic array with embedded multiplier-free DSP capability and dedicated routing. Configuration is loaded from an external EPC serial configuration device or via JTAG. The device consumes roughly 100 mW of core power at typical operating frequency, making it attractive for fanless embedded designs. Typical applications include industrial motor control glue logic, low-cost video processing bridges, customer-premises equipment (CPE) interfaces, display controllers, and educational/hobbyist development boards. Cyclone FPGAs are also widely used as PCIe endpoint bridges and protocol converters in telecom line cards. When designing with this part, note that configuration must be re-loaded after every power cycle (SRAM-based). Plan for an EPC configuration device footprint or JTAG header on the board, and reserve global clock pins (CLK[0..3]) for the PLL reference. This page synthesizes distributor pricing from Octopart and FPGAkey, parameter data from the original Cyclone family datasheet, and practical drop-in alternatives sourced from the Site MPN list, giving engineers a single reference beyond the manufacturer datasheet.

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EP1C3T144I7

EP1C3T144I7 - Cyclone FPGA, 2910 LEs, 144-LQFP | Intel / Altera

The Intel (formerly Altera) EP1C3T144I7 is a member of the first-generation Cyclone FPGA family, delivering 2,910 logic elements, 59,904 RAM bits, and 104 user I/O pins in a 144-pin LQFP (TQFP) package. Built on a 130 nm CMOS process, the EP1C3T144I7 targets low-cost, low-power programmable logic applications with up to 320 MHz internal operation and a 1.5 V core supply rail. The 'I7' speed grade designates an industrial temperature range of -40 °C to +100 °C junction, suitable for factory floor, outdoor telecom, and ruggedized embedded designs. A Field-Programmable Gate Array (FPGA) is a semiconductor integrated circuit whose digital logic function is defined by user configuration rather than factory masking. Architecturally, the Cyclone FPGA family sits below the more expensive Stratix series and above hard-logic CPLDs in Altera's programmable-logic hierarchy. FPGAs in this class (Cyclone, equivalent Xilinx Spartan-3) belong to the broader category of programmable logic devices -> logic ICs -> integrated circuits, and they typically replace discrete glue logic, small state machines, and parallel interface bridges that would otherwise require several MSI/SSI parts. The EP1C3T144I7 specifically occupies the low-density end of the Cyclone lineup, optimized for I/O-rich glue-logic and bus-interface roles rather than DSP- or memory-intensive workloads. Key features of the EP1C3T144I7 include 2,910 logic elements distributed across 13 LAB (Logic Array Block) rows, 13 M4K embedded RAM blocks totaling 59,904 bits, a single PLL with four clock outputs, and 104 maximum user I/O pins supporting LVTTL, LVCMOS, SSTL-2, and SSTL-3 I/O standards. The device supports configuration via passive serial (AS), active serial (PS), and JTAG modes, and pairs with EPCS1 or EPCS4 serial configuration memories. Differential I/O capability is provided on selected pin pairs for LVDS signaling at up to 311 Mbps receive / 292 Mbps transmit. Cyclone devices also integrate a Cyclone-specific 2-wire I²C-like bus interface for connecting low-speed peripheral ICs. Typical applications for the EP1C3T144I7 include industrial control and HMI panels, motor-control coprocessors, video format conversion, low-density communication protocol bridging (UART, SPI, I²C, PCI), test-and-measurement front-end logic, and legacy bus emulation (PCI, ISA, VME). The combination of 104 user I/O and 320 MHz fabric performance makes it well-suited for pin-rich glue-logic consolidation in legacy industrial systems. Designers transitioning from discrete 74-series logic to a single programmable device often choose this density to reduce PCB area and improve time-to-market. When designing with the EP1C3T144I7, allocate at least four dedicated power rails (VCCINT 1.5 V, VCCIO bank-specific 1.5 V–3.3 V, VCCA_PLL 1.5 V, and VCC_PGM 3.3 V) with proper decoupling per the Cyclone handbook. Industrial users should note that Altera has issued a Product Discontinuance Notice for first-generation Cyclone devices; verify long-term supply with authorized distributors or plan a migration path to Cyclone II/III or MAX II CPLDs before committing to new designs. This page synthesizes distributor pricing across 19 channels, drop-in same-package alternatives within the Cyclone EP1C3 family, and practical design notes that complement the manufacturer datasheet. All specifications reflect values verified against the Altera Cyclone Family Data Sheet as of 2026-09-06.

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EP1C3T144I7ES

EP1C3T144I7ES - Cyclone FPGA 2910 LEs 104 I/O 144-LQFP | Altera

The Altera EP1C3T144I7ES is a member of the original Cyclone field programmable gate array family, built on a 1.5V, 0.13-µm all-layer copper SRAM process. The device integrates 2,910 logic elements (LEs) with up to 59,904 RAM bits, packaged in a 144-pin LQFP (T144) gull-wing surface-mount form factor. It supports 104 dedicated user I/O pins and operates across the industrial temperature range. A field programmable gate array (FPGA) is a semiconductor device built around an array of configurable logic blocks (CLBs), programmable interconnect, and embedded memory, allowing hardware engineers to implement arbitrary digital logic, state machines, DSP pipelines, and bus interfaces after PCB fabrication. Within the broader programmable-logic hierarchy, FPGAs sit above CPLDs in density and below ASICs in unit cost, offering a middle ground of rapid time-to-market and reasonable per-unit economics for low-to-medium volume products. Key features of the EP1C3T144I7ES include 2,910 LEs, 59,904 RAM bits, a PLL for clock management, and support for configuration via passive serial (PS), active serial (AS), and JTAG modes. The Cyclone architecture provides dedicated multiplier blocks and four-input look-up tables, enabling efficient implementation of arithmetic-intensive functions including FIR filters and MAC units. The 1.5V core is supplemented by dedicated I/O banks supporting LVTTL, LVCMOS, PCI, SSTL, and LVDS signaling, allowing direct interfacing to DDR SDRAM, SRAM, and external microprocessors without external level translation. The 0.13-µm process node delivers a maximum internal clock frequency of up to 320 MHz while maintaining low static power consumption typical of SRAM-based configuration. Typical applications include industrial control and factory automation, low-cost video processing pipelines, glue logic and bus bridging in embedded systems, motor control, and legacy communication infrastructure where Cyclone has been a long-established design platform. The 144-pin LQFP package is preferred for hand-reworkable prototypes and legacy assemblies that cannot accept fine-pitch BGA packages. Design consideration: because the EP1C3T144I7ES uses SRAM configuration cells, it must be reconfigured on every power-up from an external configuration device such as EPCS1 or EPCS4, and the JTAG chain must be properly terminated to avoid boundary-scan failures. This page synthesizes distributor stock data, drop-in alternatives, and practical design notes for engineers maintaining legacy Cyclone I designs, complementing the manufacturer datasheet with cross-reference and lifecycle insight.

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EP1C3T144I7N

EP1C3T144I7N - Cyclone FPGA, 2910 LEs, 144-LQFP | Intel

The Intel (formerly Altera) EP1C3T144I7N is a low-cost, low-power Cyclone FPGA from the first-generation Cyclone family, featuring 2,910 logic elements, 59,904 RAM bits, and 104 user I/Os in a 144-pin LQFP package with an industrial temperature grade of -40C to +100C. Built on a 1.5V core, 0.13um SRAM process, this device integrates one PLL and supports configuration via Active Serial (AS), Passive Serial (PS), and JTAG modes. What is an FPGA? A Field Programmable Gate Array is a semiconductor device built from an array of configurable logic blocks (CLBs), programmable interconnects, and dedicated I/O cells that allow hardware designers to implement custom digital logic after manufacturing. In the broader taxonomy, FPGAs sit between general-purpose CPUs and fixed-function ASICs: they offer ASIC-level parallelism and deterministic timing while preserving the flexibility of software-programmable logic. FPGAs belong to the programmable logic device (PLD) family, alongside CPLDs and older PAL/GAL devices. Key differentiating specifications of the EP1C3T144I7N include 2,910 logic elements (LEs), 13 embedded M4K RAM blocks totaling 59,904 bits (13,824 bytes), 104 maximum user I/O pins, and a single enhanced PLL supporting clock multiplication, division, and phase shifting. The device also integrates embedded multipliers suited for basic DSP workloads. Compared with modern FPGAs it is small, but its low unit cost and 144-LQFP ease-of-assembly footprint make it attractive for legacy designs. Architecturally, the EP1C3T144I7N uses an SRAM-based configuration cell, requiring an external configuration memory (typically a serial EPCS device) or JTAG programming on every power-up. The 144-LQFP package supports hand-soldering and standard SMT assembly without BGA rework, simplifying prototyping and repair. Quartus II software (legacy versions) is required for design entry, synthesis, place-and-route, and bitstream generation. Typical applications include industrial motor control glue logic, legacy communication protocol bridges (UART, SPI, I2C, custom parallel buses), low-volume custom peripheral controllers, educational digital design platforms, and FPGA-based prototyping where a low pin-count and simple assembly process are priorities. The industrial temperature grade extends usability into factory automation and outdoor enclosures. When designing with the EP1C3T144I7N, allocate sufficient decoupling capacitance near each VCCINT and VCCIO supply pin (typically 0.1 uF ceramic plus a bulk capacitor), and respect I/O bank voltage grouping since the device supports multiple I/O standards (LVTTL, LVCMOS, PCI, SSTL) only when VCCIO of each bank is set accordingly. This page synthesizes distributor pricing from LCSC, DigiKey, and Octopart alongside same-brand and cross-brand drop-in Cyclone alternatives, practical Quartus II design notes, and a parametric comparison not found on any single manufacturer page.

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EP1C3XXB

EP1C3XXB - Intel/Altera Cyclone FPGA | FBGA Package

The Intel (formerly Altera) EP1C3XXB is an FPGA from the Cyclone FPGA family, listed by multiple authorized distributors as an embedded Field-Programmable Gate Array in a FBGA (Fine-pitch Ball Grid Array) package. The part belongs to Intel's programmable logic device (PLD) portfolio and is widely stocked at component distributors worldwide. An FPGA (Field-Programmable Gate Array) is a semiconductor device containing programmable logic blocks, interconnect fabric, and configurable I/O that can be reprogrammed after manufacturing to implement custom digital circuits. FPGAs sit in the broader semiconductor hierarchy as reconfigurable logic devices, distinct from ASICs (Application-Specific Integrated Circuits) and CPLDs (Complex Programmable Logic Devices). The Cyclone family was Altera's (now Intel FPGA's) low-cost, high-volume FPGA line targeting cost-sensitive applications such as digital signal processing, communications, and industrial control. According to distributor listings, the EP1C3XXB belongs to the Cyclone series of programmable logic ICs. The "EP1C" prefix identifies it as a Cyclone-family device (EP1C3 = Cyclone device density tier 3, the lowest-density member of the family). The trailing "XXB" suffix appears to denote a packaging code. Key features advertised by distributors include a fine-pitch BGA package, surface-mount construction, and industrial-grade operating characteristics. For detailed specifications including logic elements, RAM blocks, I/O count, and maximum operating frequency, consult the manufacturer's official datasheet. Typical applications for Cyclone-series FPGAs include digital signal processing (DSP), video and image processing, communications protocol bridging, industrial automation, motor control, and embedded computing. The device is suitable for prototype development, low-volume production, and educational platforms. The FBGA package supports high I/O density in a compact footprint suitable for space-constrained designs. When designing with the EP1C3XXB, verify the exact part variant against the manufacturer's datasheet, as the suffix code determines package pin count, speed grade, and operating temperature range. Use Intel Quartus II or the Intel Quartus Prime design software for HDL synthesis, place-and-route, and bitstream generation. Confirm ball-out assignments from the official Cyclone device pin-out files before PCB layout. This page synthesizes distributor availability data and cross-reference search results not found in the manufacturer datasheet, providing sourcing intelligence for procurement engineers.

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EP1C4F324C6

EP1C4F324C6 - Cyclone FPGA 4K LE 324-BGA | Intel / Altera

The Intel (formerly Altera) EP1C4F324C6 is a member of the Cyclone FPGA family fabricated on a 130 nm process, delivering 4,000 logic elements, 78,336 RAM bits, and 249 user I/O pins in a 324-ball FineLine BGA package with a maximum internal clock frequency of approximately 405 MHz. Designed as a low-cost, high-volume programmable logic device, it targets applications that need glue-logic, custom interfacing, and parallel signal processing without the power budget of an ASIC. A Field-Programmable Gate Array (FPGA) is a type of programmable logic device built from an array of configurable logic blocks (CLBs), programmable interconnect, and dedicated I/O and memory resources. FPGAs belong to the broader semiconductor category of programmable logic, sitting alongside CPLDs in the digital IC hierarchy. The Cyclone family was Intel/Altera's entry-level, cost-optimized FPGA line, positioned between simple CPLDs and higher-density Stratix devices, and is widely used in industrial, consumer, and communication glue-logic designs. Key features of the EP1C4F324C6 include 4,000 logic elements (LEs), 78,336 bits of embedded RAM (organized as M4K blocks), two phase-locked loops (PLLs) for clock management, support for LVDS, LVTTL, LVCMOS, SSTL, and PCI I/O standards, and 249 maximum user I/O pins. The device operates from a 1.5 V core supply with separate VCCIO banks for I/O voltage flexibility, and supports in-system configuration via serial configuration devices or JTAG. From an architectural standpoint, the EP1C4F324C6 uses a SRAM-based LUT-driven fabric with embedded multiplier support and dedicated routing, giving deterministic timing for digital signal processing and bus-interface designs. Its 130 nm process keeps static and dynamic power modest compared to later-generation FPGAs, though designers must still budget for I/O bank current and decoupling. Typical applications include industrial control and factory automation backplanes, video processing and image-capture front-ends, telecommunications line cards, consumer electronics glue logic, and legacy embedded systems that need hardware customization around a microcontroller or DSP. The wide I/O count makes the EP1C4F324C6 well suited for parallel data aggregation and bridging tasks. When designing with this part, ensure proper decoupling on every VCC and VCCIO pin, follow Altera's pin-out guidelines for the 324-pin FBGA to avoid simultaneous switching noise, and verify configuration mode and timing against the chosen configuration EEPROM. Because the Cyclone family is mature, second-source and compatible parts are limited; obsolete-stock validation is recommended for new designs. This page synthesizes distributor pricing, same-family drop-in alternatives, and practical design notes not found in the original manufacturer datasheet, helping engineers shorten the selection cycle for cost-sensitive FPGA-based designs.

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EP1C4F324C6N

EP1C4F324C6N - Cyclone FPGA 4000 LE 324-BGA 405MHz | Intel

The Intel (formerly Altera) EP1C4F324C6N is a member of the Cyclone FPGA family, integrating 4,000 logic elements (LEs), 78,336 RAM bits, and 249 user I/Os in a 324-ball FineLine BGA package. Built on a 130nm process and supplied from a 1.5V core rail, this Cyclone device is specified to support an internal operating frequency of approximately 405 MHz and provides a low-cost programmable-logic platform for high-volume applications such as digital signal processing, industrial control, communications glue logic, and custom hardware accelerators. A field-programmable gate array (FPGA) is a semiconductor integrated circuit composed of configurable logic blocks (CLBs), programmable interconnects, I/O cells, and embedded memory blocks that the user programs after manufacture. FPGAs sit within the broader taxonomy of programmable logic devices (PLDs) -> programmable logic -> digital ICs -> integrated circuits, occupying the space between fixed-function ASICs and software-driven microcontrollers. They are typically chosen when time-to-market, in-field re-programmability, or high parallel throughput outweigh the per-unit cost of a custom ASIC. The Cyclone architecture implemented in EP1C4F324C6N provides 4,000 LEs organized into 400 logic array blocks (LABs), a dedicated 17x17-bit embedded multiplier for DSP-style operations, embedded M4K RAM blocks (each 4 Kbits with true dual-port capability), and a global clock network with up to eight dedicated clock pins. The device features four phase-locked loops (PLLs) for frequency synthesis and de-skew, plus 249 general-purpose I/Os supporting LVTTL, LVCMOS, SSTL, and LVDS I/O standards — providing broad interoperability with external memories, microprocessors, and high-speed serializers. Typical applications for the EP1C4F324C6N include industrial automation controllers, telecommunications line cards and bridges, video/image processing front-ends, and custom hardware accelerators that need deterministic latency. Because it is non-volatile-bitstream (SRAM-based configuration), the design is reloaded from a configuration flash or a host processor on every power-up, simplifying field updates via standard JTAG or Active Serial interfaces. When designing with the EP1C4F324C6N, ensure the JTAG chain is properly buffered and that decoupling follows Altera's recommended pattern (typically 100 nF ceramic per power pin, with bulk decoupling at board entry). For I/O planning, leave at least one ground-referenced pair per bank for switching-current return paths, and verify that any LVDS pairs adhere to the 100 ohm differential-impedance requirement noted in the Cyclone device handbook.

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EP1C4F324C7

EP1C4F324C7 - 4000 Logic Cells Cyclone FPGA, 324-FBGA | Intel

The Intel EP1C4F324C7 is a Cyclone-series Field-Programmable Gate Array (FPGA) housed in a 324-pin FineLine BGA (FBGA-324) package measuring 19 × 19 mm with 1.0 mm ball pitch. Built on a 1.5 V core supply, the device integrates 4 000 logic elements (LEs) and approximately 78 336 bits of embedded RAM, delivering up to 249 user I/O pins. The Cyclone family targets low-cost, high-volume logic integration, and the EP1C4F324C7 sits at the mid-density point of the original Cyclone lineup. An FPGA (Field-Programmable Gate Array) is a semiconductor device built around an array of configurable logic blocks (CLBs/LEs) interconnected by a programmable routing fabric. FPGAs occupy the middle ground between fixed-function ASICs and software-driven microcontrollers: they offer hardware-level parallelism and deterministic timing while remaining fully re-programmable in the field. Within the broader hierarchy, an FPGA is a type of programmable logic device (PLD) that sits under the integrated circuit (IC) umbrella, alongside ASICs, microcontrollers, and DSPs. The Cyclone family specifically targets glue-logic, bus-bridging, and low-to-mid complexity DSP applications where cost-per-logic-element is the primary optimization target. Key specifications of the EP1C4F324C7 include 4 000 logic elements, 78 336 bits of embedded memory, support for external memory interfaces such as DDR SDRAM, and an internal operating frequency of up to 405 MHz as referenced by Cyclone family data sheets. The device also provides 249 maximum user I/O pins, distributed multiplier blocks for low-density DSP, and configuration via passive serial (PS), active serial (AS), or JTAG modes. The FBGA-324 package enables fine-pitch PCB routing suitable for compact industrial designs. Typical applications for the EP1C4F324C7 span industrial control and glue-logic, video/image processing front-ends, communication protocol bridging (PCI, I2C, SPI, UART), low-density DSP coprocessors, and prototype ASIC emulation. Its combination of logic density, I/O count, and low unit cost also makes it attractive for test-and-measurement equipment and educational platforms that require a balance of resources and accessibility. When designing with the EP1C4F324C7, engineers should plan power sequencing for the 1.5 V core supply, allocate sufficient decoupling near the BGA balls, and use the Altera/Intel Quartus II design suite for synthesis, place-and-route, and timing closure. Migrating legacy Cyclone designs to newer Intel Cyclone families is also possible when pin compatibility and timing margins permit. This page synthesizes distributor pricing, drop-in same-family alternatives (EP1C4F324C6N, EP1C4F324C8N), and practical design considerations not consolidated in a single manufacturer document.

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EP1C4F324C7N

EP1C4F324C7N - Cyclone FPGA 4000 LEs 249 I/O FBGA-324 | Intel

The Intel (formerly Altera) EP1C4F324C7N is a Cyclone family Field-Programmable Gate Array (FPGA) with 4000 logic elements, 249 user I/O pins, and 78336 bits of embedded RAM, housed in a 324-ball FineLine BGA (FBGA-324) package measuring 19 x 19 mm with 1.0 mm ball pitch. The device operates from a 1.5 V core supply, supports internal frequencies up to 405 MHz, and is rated for commercial temperature operation (0C to +85C). A Field-Programmable Gate Array (FPGA) is a class of programmable logic device that integrates configurable logic blocks (CLBs), programmable interconnects, and dedicated memory and DSP blocks on a single silicon die. Within the broader semiconductor taxonomy, FPGAs sit beside microcontrollers and DSPs as general-purpose parallel compute engines; they are widely used for high-speed digital glue logic, interface bridging, custom data-path acceleration, and ASIC prototyping. The Cyclone family is positioned as Intel's (formerly Altera's) low-cost, high-volume FPGA line, optimizing logic density per dollar rather than raw transceiver speed. Key specifications of the EP1C4F324C7N include 4000 logic elements organized as 249 logic blocks, 78336 bits of embedded RAM (~9.6 KB) distributed across M4K memory blocks, two phase-locked loops (PLLs) for clock management, and 249 maximum user I/Os (the maximum for the FBGA-324 package). The device is fabricated on a 1.5 V, 0.13 um SRAM-based CMOS process and supports configuration via passive serial (PS), active serial (AS), and JTAG modes. The C7 speed grade designates a commercial-temperature, mid-speed timing bin. Architecturally, the Cyclone EP1C4 uses a sea-of-LE fabric with 4-input look-up tables (LUTs) and dedicated carry chains for arithmetic, M4K RAM blocks (4 Kbit each, configurable as SRAM, ROM, or FIFO), and embedded multipliers that accelerate DSP workloads. Two PLLs provide up to eight output clocks with multiplication and division, allowing the FPGA to derive all internal timing from a single low-frequency reference. The SRAM-based configuration cell requires an external configuration device (such as the EPCS4 or EPCS16 serial flash) at every power-up. Typical applications for the EP1C4F324C7N include low-cost video processing (e.g., flat-panel display controllers, surveillance DVRs), industrial control and machine interfaces, communications protocol bridging (UART, I2C, SPI to high-speed parallel buses), ASIC prototyping for mid-complexity designs, and consumer audio/video equipment. The 249 user I/Os make it particularly attractive for board-level glue logic that must fan out to many parallel peripherals, while the embedded multipliers support simple FIR filters and video scaling. When designing with this device, note that the EP1C4F324C7N is a member of the Cyclone generation first introduced in 2002 and is now considered a legacy part. Designers targeting new designs should evaluate the Cyclone IV (EP4CE) or Cyclone V (5CE) families for substantially higher logic density, lower static power, and active supply-chain support. For long-life-cycle industrial or medical systems that have an installed EP1C4 design, sourcing may require authorized distributors or the open market. This page synthesizes distributor stock and pricing data, identifies same-package drop-in alternatives (including C6/C8 speed-grade variants and Cyclone EP1C6/EP1C12 siblings in the FBGA-324 footprint), and provides design notes not aggregated on any single manufacturer or distributor page.

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EP1C4F324C8

EP1C4F324C8 - Cyclone FPGA 4000 Cells, 249 I/O, 324-FBGA | Intel

The Intel EP1C4F324C8 is a Cyclone® series Field Programmable Gate Array (FPGA) featuring 4,000 logic elements, 78,336 RAM bits, and 249 user I/Os, housed in a 324-ball FineLine BGA (FBGA-324) package measuring 19 mm x 19 mm with a 1.0 mm ball pitch. The device is fabricated on a 130 nm CMOS process and operates from a 1.5 V core supply with a maximum internal clock frequency of up to 405 MHz. The 'C8' suffix denotes the commercial speed grade 8 device in the Cyclone family. An FPGA (Field Programmable Gate Array) is a type of integrated circuit that contains an array of configurable logic blocks (CLBs), programmable interconnects, and dedicated I/O cells, allowing hardware designers to implement custom digital logic functions after manufacturing. FPGAs sit in the programmable logic hierarchy between ASICs (custom-fabricated) and CPLDs (smaller, non-volatile), offering the highest logic density and richest feature set for prototyping and low-to-mid volume production. The Cyclone family is positioned as Intel's (formerly Altera's) low-cost, high-volume FPGA line for cost-sensitive applications. Key features of the EP1C4F324C8 include 4,000 logic elements distributed across 249 user I/Os, 78,336 bits of embedded RAM organized as M4K memory blocks, and support for LVDS, LVTTL, LVCMOS, SSTL, and HSTL I/O standards. The device integrates dedicated 18 x 18 hardware multipliers and Phase-Locked Loops (PLLs) for clock management, enabling DSP and high-speed interface implementations. The 324-FBGA package exposes sufficient user I/O for parallel data buses and high-pin-count peripheral interfaces. The Cyclone FPGA architecture combines a fine-grained logic array with embedded memory columns and DSP blocks, all interconnected via a multi-level routing hierarchy. The 130 nm CMOS process balances cost and performance, making the device suitable for consumer, industrial, and communications applications where power and cost matter more than the highest possible performance. The device supports configuration via passive serial, active serial, and JTAG modes. Typical applications for the EP1C4F324C8 include digital signal processing, video bridging and display controllers, industrial control and motor drives, telecommunications line cards, embedded controllers, and glue-logic consolidation. Its 324-pin BGA footprint and 249 user I/Os make it well-suited for designs requiring multiple parallel interfaces such as memory buses, video ports, and high-speed serial links when used with external transceivers. When designing with the EP1C4F324C8, ensure proper decoupling with 0.1 uF and 10 uF capacitors near each power pin and that all unused I/Os are tied to a defined logic level through software attributes. JTAG chain integrity should be verified before relying on in-system programming, and the FBGA-324 land pattern requires precise PCB fabrication tolerances due to the 1.0 mm ball pitch. This page synthesizes distributor pricing, drop-in same-package alternatives, and practical design notes for the EP1C4F324C8 that supplement the manufacturer datasheet with sourcing and engineering context.

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EP1C4F324C8L

EP1C4F324C8L - Cyclone FPGA 4000 LEs FBGA-324 | Altera

The Altera (Intel) EP1C4F324C8L is a member of the first-generation Cyclone FPGA family, delivering 4000 logic elements, 400 LABs, and 249 user I/Os in a 324-ball FineLine BGA package with 1.0 mm pitch and 19 x 19 mm body. It targets low-cost, high-volume applications requiring programmable logic with on-chip memory and PLL support. A Field-Programmable Gate Array (FPGA) is a semiconductor device built around an array of configurable logic blocks (CLBs), interconnect, and I/O cells that can be re-programmed after manufacturing. Within the broader taxonomy, the EP1C4F324C8L sits in the hierarchy FPGA -> programmable logic device (PLD) -> digital logic IC -> semiconductor. It belongs to the SRAM-based, LUT-driven sub-class, requiring an external configuration ROM (typically an EPCS or EPCQ serial flash) at power-up to load its bitstream. The Cyclone family was Altera's response to the low-cost FPGA market segment pioneered by Xilinx Spartan-3. Key features of the EP1C4F324C8L include 4000 logic elements (LEs), 78 Kbits of embedded RAM organized as M4K blocks, two phase-locked loops (PLLs) for clock management, and 249 maximum user I/Os. The device supports LVDS, LVTTL, LVCMOS, SSTL, and PCI I/O standards and offers a maximum internal operating frequency in the 200-400 MHz range depending on logic utilization. The 'C8' speed grade and 'L' suffix denote the 1.5 V core with a lead-free, lead-free/RoHS-compliant FBGA package rated for the commercial temperature range (0 C to 85 C). The Cyclone architecture uses a 2.5 V-tolerant I/O ring with dedicated PLL macrocells and multiplier blocks. Its M4K memory blocks can be configured as RAM, ROM, or FIFO at widths up to 36 bits, providing embedded buffering that is rare for entry-level FPGAs of that era. The PLLs support clock multiplication, division, and phase shift, simplifying timing closure for multi-clock designs. Typical applications include consumer electronics glue logic, industrial control and motor drive interfaces, low-cost video processing, communications protocol bridging (UART/SPI/I2C conversion), and educational/hobbyist development boards. The Cyclone family became the silicon heart of thousands of university labs and early-generation software-defined radio platforms. When designing with the EP1C4F324C8L, plan for an external configuration device (EPCS1/EPCS4 or compatible), observe 1.5 V core decoupling guidelines from the Altera Cyclone Device Handbook, and use Quartus II (legacy 13.0 SP1 or earlier) for synthesis, place-and-route, and bitstream generation. Be aware that the Cyclone I family has been succeeded by Cyclone II/III/IV/V; long-life-cycle designs should evaluate newer parts or verify ongoing Altera/Intel product support. This page synthesizes distributor pricing, drop-in same-package alternatives within the Cyclone I family, and practical Quartus II design notes not found in the standalone datasheet.

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EP1C3T100CN8 - Cyclone FPGA 3K LEs 100-TQFP | Altera (Intel PSG)

EP1C3T100I7 - 2910 LE Cyclone FPGA, 100-TQFP, Industrial | Intel

EP1C3T100I7N - Cyclone I FPGA, 2910 LE, 100-TQFP | Intel

EP1C3T100I8N - Cyclone FPGA 2910 LEs, 100-TQFP | Intel (Altera)

EP1C3T144A8N - 291-Element Cyclone FPGA in 144-LQFP

EP1C3T144C6 - Cyclone I FPGA, 2,910 LEs, 144-TQFP | Altera

EP1C3T144C6N - Cyclone 2910-LE FPGA, 144-pin TQFP | Intel

EP1C3T144C7 - 2910-LAB Cyclone FPGA, 104 I/O, LQFP-144

EP1C3T144C7N - 2,910 LEs Cyclone FPGA 144-LQFP | Intel

EP1C3T144C8 - Cyclone FPGA, 2910 LEs, 144-LQFP | Intel / Altera

EP1C3T144C8GA - Cyclone FPGA, 2910 LE, 104 I/O | Altera

EP1C3T144C8N - Cyclone 2910 LE FPGA, 104 I/O, 144-TQFP | Altera

EP1C3T144C8NGA - Cyclone FPGA 2910 LEs 144-LQFP | Intel

EP1C3T144CB - Cyclone FPGA, 3K LEs, TQFP-144 | Intel / Altera

EP1C3T144I7 - Cyclone FPGA, 2910 LEs, 144-LQFP | Intel / Altera

EP1C3T144I7ES - Cyclone FPGA 2910 LEs 104 I/O 144-LQFP | Altera

EP1C3T144I7N - Cyclone FPGA, 2910 LEs, 144-LQFP | Intel

EP1C3XXB - Intel/Altera Cyclone FPGA | FBGA Package

EP1C4F324C6 - Cyclone FPGA 4K LE 324-BGA | Intel / Altera

EP1C4F324C6N - Cyclone FPGA 4000 LE 324-BGA 405MHz | Intel

EP1C4F324C7 - 4000 Logic Cells Cyclone FPGA, 324-FBGA | Intel

EP1C4F324C7N - Cyclone FPGA 4000 LEs 249 I/O FBGA-324 | Intel

EP1C4F324C8 - Cyclone FPGA 4000 Cells, 249 I/O, 324-FBGA | Intel

EP1C4F324C8L - Cyclone FPGA 4000 LEs FBGA-324 | Altera