PIC16F84-04I/P
PIC16F84-04I/P - 4MHz 8-bit Flash MCU 1.75KB | Microchip
The Microchip Technology PIC16F84-04I/P is an 8-bit CMOS flash-based microcontroller in the PIC16F8X family, operating at up to 4 MHz with 1.75 KB (1K x 14) of flash program memory, 68 bytes of SRAM, 64 bytes of EEPROM, and 13 digital I/O pins, housed in an 18-pin PDIP through-hole package. It belongs to the mid-tier of the original PIC16 baseline family and has been a long-standing workhorse for hobbyist, education, and legacy industrial designs since its introduction on November 16, 1999.
What is a PIC microcontroller? A PIC (Peripheral Interface Controller) is a family of 8-, 16-, and 32-bit RISC-based microcontrollers originally developed by General Instrument's Microelectronics Division and continued by Microchip Technology. Within that hierarchy, PIC16F devices sit between the baseline PIC10/12/16F families and the more advanced PIC18 family, offering a balance of low cost, low power, and a 14-bit instruction word. The PIC16F84 in particular is part of the early flash-based PIC16 series that introduced in-system programmability and EEPROM data memory, a notable step up from the older EPROM PIC16Cxx parts.
Key features include 4 MHz maximum clock speed, 35 single-word instructions, 8-level hardware stack, 14-bit instruction width, 64 bytes of EEPROM data memory, an integrated power-on reset, watchdog timer with on-chip RC oscillator, and programmable code protection. The industrial temperature range (-40C to +85C) and 4.0V to 5.5V operating voltage make it broadly compatible with 5V logic systems commonly found in legacy industrial control boards.
Architecturally, the PIC16F84 uses a Harvard-style RISC core with separate program and data buses, allowing instruction fetch and data access to occur in the same cycle. Its CMOS design with nanoWatt-style low-power techniques delivers very low standby current, which is critical for battery-backed or energy-harvesting nodes. The 13 I/O pins are arranged across PORT A (5 pins) and PORT B (8 pins), with PORTB featuring internal weak pull-ups that can be enabled per-pin in software.
Typical applications include legacy industrial control modules, educational microcontroller kits, hobbyist electronics, simple sensor interfaces, timer/counter circuits, and replacements for older PIC16C5x and PIC16C71x designs. It is also widely used as a teaching reference in university embedded systems curricula because of its straightforward peripheral set and abundant example code.
When designing with this part, note that Microchip has officially recommended the PIC16F84A as a newer replacement; the two share the same 18-pin DIP pinout, but the 'A' revision adds 200 ns instruction execution and improved peripherals. For new designs, the PIC16F84A or a PIC16F1xx device is generally preferred, while the PIC16F84-04I/P remains common in long-life industrial systems and in sustaining legacy production boards.
This page synthesizes distributor pricing, drop-in alternatives (PIC16F84A-04I/P, PIC16F84-10I/P), and practical design notes not consolidated in the manufacturer datasheet.
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