Circuitos Integrados

MC68882CRC20A

MC68882CRC20A - 32-bit Floating-Point Coprocessor, 20 MHz | NXP

The NXP MC68882CRC20A is a 32-bit floating-point coprocessor (FPU) designed to pair with the Motorola 68020 and 68030 microprocessor families, operating at 20 MHz, and housed in a 68-pin Pin Grid Array (CPGA-68 / PGA-68, 26.92 × 26.92 mm) through-hole package. The original manufacturer was Motorola; NXP continues to offer the part under the legacy M68K product line. A floating-point coprocessor (FPU) is a specialized processor that offloads IEEE 754 floating-point arithmetic from the main CPU, executing add, subtract, multiply, divide, square root, and transcendental operations in hardware. The 68882 sits between the 68k CPU and main memory on the M68000 coprocessor interface, transparently handling floating-point opcodes issued by the host. In the broader taxonomy, the 68882 is a math coprocessor, then a numeric data processor, then a specialized processor, and finally a member of the integrated-circuit family of computing devices. Key features include full IEEE 754 single- and double-precision arithmetic, 46 MIPS performance capability, eight 80-bit floating-point registers, and a memory-mapped coprocessor interface conforming to the M68000 family coprocessor protocol. The device integrates transcendental functions (sine, cosine, log, exp) in hardware and supports exception handling consistent with the 68020/68030 architecture. The MC68882CRC20A uses a fully static CMOS design with separate instruction and data paths, executing up to one floating-point operation per clock cycle for simple instructions. Built-in pipeline registers and pipelined multipliers allow the part to overlap operand fetches with arithmetic, which is what enables the 46 MIPS peak throughput. The device is software-compatible with the earlier MC68881 FPU. Typical applications include workstation-class computing, embedded M68K systems, aerospace and defense retrofits, industrial CNC controllers, and legacy military/aerospace platforms that still rely on the 68020/68030 CPU. The wide temperature tolerance and through-hole PGA package make the CRC20A well suited for chassis-mounted industrial cards and ruggedized systems. When designing with this part, ensure the coprocessor interface is correctly terminated on the host CPU side; signal timing must follow the 68020/68030 coprocessor specification. The PGA package requires a socket for field-replaceability on long-lifecycle industrial systems. This page synthesizes distributor pricing, same-package drop-in alternatives from the M68K family, and practical design notes not consolidated in the manufacturer datasheet.

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MC68882CRC25A

MC68882CRC25A - 25 MHz FPU Coprocessor, 68-PGA | Motorola

The Motorola MC68882CRC25A is a 25 MHz HCMOS floating-point coprocessor (FPU) designed as a companion to the Motorola 68020 and 68030 M68K family processors, housed in a 68-pin ceramic pin grid array (PGA / BCPGA, 26.92 x 26.92 mm) package. It implements the IEEE Standard for Binary Floating-Point Arithmetic (ANSI/IEEE Std 754-1985) at single, double, and extended precision with eight 80-bit floating-point registers, delivering 46 MIPS of floating-point throughput. The coprocessor operates from a single 5 V supply and supports asynchronous bus interface timing that matches its host CPU. What is a floating-point coprocessor? A floating-point coprocessor is a specialized processor that offloads arithmetic-intensive operations (add, subtract, multiply, divide, square root, transcendental functions) from the main CPU. Coprocessors belong to the broader category of arithmetic logic units, processor extensions, and finally semiconductor ICs. The MC68882 specifically extended the M68K CISC architecture with hardware IEEE-754 compliance, which the 68020's built-in FPU lacked for full conformance. Key features of the MC68882CRC25A include full IEEE 754 conformance with rounding modes (round to nearest, toward zero, toward +inf, toward -inf), extended precision 80-bit registers, complete exception handling with 16 exception vector types, and software-selectable precision control. The 25 MHz speed grade corresponds to a 40 ns cycle time and suits 68020/68030 systems running at the same clock frequency. Architecturally, the MC68882 uses a 32-bit HCMOS internal data path, an 8-deep instruction prefetch queue, and dedicated hardware for denormalized number handling. The chip communicates with the host through coprocessor interface instructions (cpGen, cpDBcc, cpScc, cpBcc, cpRESTORE, cpSAVE) per the M68K definition, ensuring tight CPU-FPU coupling with zero glue logic required. Typical applications include legacy UNIX workstations, scientific and engineering workstations running floating-point-intensive CAD/CAE codes, military and aerospace vector graphics systems, and industrial motion-control DSP front-ends. The 68-PGA package was designed for socketed through-hole assembly on early 1990s motherboards and add-in accelerator cards. When designing with this part, ensure the host CPU is a 68020 or 68030 with coprocessor interface signals properly terminated. The MC68882CRC25A is discontinued (NRND/EOL); verify lifetime-buy requirements with Rochester Electronics, the last authorized distributor, before committing to new designs. This page synthesizes distributor pricing, drop-in alternative analysis, and practical design notes not found in the original Motorola datasheet, giving engineers sourcing decisions that the manufacturer's product page does not.

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MC68882EI16A

MC68882EI16A - 16MHz 68040 FPU Co-Processor | NXP PLCC-68

The NXP MC68882EI16A is a 16 MHz floating-point unit (FPU) co-processor from the Motorola/Freescale 680x0 family, packaged in a 68-pin Plastic Leaded Chip Carrier (PLCC, 24.21 x 24.21 mm) for surface-mount assembly. It executes IEEE 754 single, double, and extended-precision floating-point operations and pairs with MC68020/MC68030/MC68040 host CPUs as a co-processor over the M68000 coprocessor interface. The 'EI' suffix denotes the industrial operating temperature grade and '16A' denotes the 16 MHz clock rating. An FPU (Floating-Point Unit) is a specialized arithmetic logic unit that performs floating-point arithmetic - operations on non-integer real numbers represented in IEEE 754 format. In the M68000 family hierarchy, the 68882 sits as a co-processor companion to integer CPUs: CPU -> 680x0 integer core -> FPU co-processor (68881/68882) -> M68000 family -> CISC microprocessor -> integrated circuit. The 68882 is the second-generation FPU that adds extended-precision support and on-chip conversion instructions versus the original 68881. Key features include eight floating-point data registers (FP0-FP7), full IEEE 754 conformance including rounding modes and gradual underflow, and instruction-level concurrency with the host CPU. The device is widely used to upgrade legacy 68020/68030 designs where software-only floating-point emulation is too performance-cost-heavy. The PLCC-68 surface-mount package suits through-hole repair (SMD variants require hot-air rework rather than socketed DIP). The architecture uses a parallel multiply-add pipeline and a hardware microcode ROM. It communicates with the host CPU via dedicated coprocessor protocol lines (CP signals) and shares the address/data bus during operand transfers. Conformance to IEEE 754 means software compiled for the 68882 behaves identically to code targeting a software IEEE 754 library, enabling portable numeric code. Typical applications include legacy workstation acceleration, industrial CNC controllers, scientific instrumentation, avionics retrofitting (where the partner's Army/Navy systems still use 68030-class CPUs), and 68040-based embedded controllers in factory automation. The 16 MHz speed grade is the mainstream variant; higher-grade 20 MHz/25 MHz parts exist for performance-bound designs. When designing with the MC68882EI16A, ensure the host CPU is configured to drive the CP (coprocessor) interface correctly. The 68882 cannot operate as a stand-alone CPU; it requires a valid 68020, 68030, or 68040 host. Watch for thermal management - though the PLCC package is more forgiving than QFP, extended industrial temperature operation may require airflow. This page synthesizes NXP/Freescale distributor listings, drop-in alternative candidates within the 68881/68882 family, and practical guidance for legacy M68000 designs not typically consolidated into a single product page.

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MC68882EI16AR

MC68882EI16AR - 16 MHz HCMOS FPU Co-Processor | NXP 68-PLCC

The NXP (formerly Motorola/Freescale) MC68882EI16AR is a HCMOS enhanced floating-point co-processor designed to pair with the MC68020 or MC68030 MPU family, delivering IEEE 754 single- and double-precision arithmetic in hardware at 16 MHz clock speed in a 68-pin PLCC package. A floating-point unit (FPU), also called a math co-processor or numeric co-processor, is a specialized integrated circuit that accelerates floating-point arithmetic operations - addition, subtraction, multiplication, division, square root and transcendental functions - far beyond the throughput of a general-purpose integer CPU. The MC68882 sits on the M68000 family bus as a companion to the host CPU, offloading scalar and vector floating-point work via the standardized M68000 co-processor interface. Synonyms include FPU, floating-point accelerator, math co-processor, and numeric processor; hierarchy: FPU -> math co-processor -> specialized IC -> integrated circuit -> semiconductor. Key features include IEEE 754 compliant single (32-bit) and double (64-bit) precision, extended (80-bit) precision registers, full 8 80-bit data registers, support for the M68000 co-processor interface, and pin/functional compatibility with the broader MC68882 family. The 'E' industrial temperature grade spans -40C to +85C, the 'I' indicates the 16 MHz speed grade, and the 'AR' suffix denotes a tape-and-reel PLCC package for surface-mount assembly. Architecturally, the MC68882 uses a hardwired control unit rather than microcode, a fully pipelined floating-point execution core, and conforms to the IEEE 754-1985 standard including denormalized numbers, four rounding modes, and full trap handling. It communicates with the host MPU through dedicated M68000 co-processor protocol signals including FCOFC, FCIACK, FDOFC, and FDIACK. Typical applications include workstation-class numeric computing, CAD/CAM systems, scientific instrumentation, real-time signal processing where floating-point precision is required, and legacy M68000 platform upgrades. The part is also broadly present in industrial embedded controllers, avionics (where still qualified), and military retrofit programs that depend on the long-lifecycle 68k ecosystem. When designing with this co-processor, ensure the host MPU is configured to drive the M68000 co-processor handshake lines and that bus arbitration timing matches the 16 MHz clock. Note that the MC68882 is a mature EOL/NRND part; confirm long-term availability with NXP franchised distributors before committing to new designs. This page synthesizes distributor pricing, drop-in alternative candidates, and design considerations for legacy 68k systems not consolidated on a single OEM product page.

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MC68882EI20A

MC68882EI20A - 20MHz FPU Coprocessor for 68020 | NXP

The NXP MC68882EI20A is a 20 MHz floating-point unit (FPU) co-processor designed for use with the Motorola 68020 (MC68020) and 68030 (MC68030) microprocessors in a 68-pin PLCC (24.21x24.21 mm) package. It executes IEEE 754 single-precision, double-precision, and extended-precision floating-point arithmetic, delivering full hardware acceleration of transcendental functions (sine, cosine, logarithm, exponent) alongside the standard add, multiply, divide, and square-root operations. The device is qualified to operate over an industrial temperature range of -40 C to +85 C. A floating-point unit (FPU) coprocessor is a dedicated processor that offloads floating-point arithmetic from the main CPU, allowing the host processor to continue executing integer instructions in parallel. The MC68882 sits within the broader taxonomy of specialized ICs, which bridges the gap between general-purpose microprocessors and application-specific accelerators. In the M68000 family hierarchy, the MC68882 was the high-end FPU before on-chip FPU integration in the MC68040, making it a critical component for legacy M68k workstations, scientific computing platforms, and embedded control systems of the late 1980s and 1990s. Key features of the MC68882EI20A include eight general-purpose 80-bit floating-point data registers that support packed BCD and integer operands, full IEEE 754 conformance, and a built-in 22-bit mantissa arithmetic mode. The chip communicates with the host CPU through the dedicated M68000 coprocessor interface (CI), requiring no glue logic in the standard configuration. Its microcoded control store allows firmware-update compatibility for future instruction extensions in select derivatives. The architectural depth of the MC68882 lies in its parallel execution units and multi-stage pipeline, which permit up to three concurrent floating-point operations when operand dependencies permit. Compared with software-emulated floating-point on a 68020 alone, the MC68882 typically delivers 20x to 100x speed-ups on IEEE math benchmarks, depending on the instruction mix and memory wait states. The coprocessor interface is fully transparent to the host CPU; floating-point opcodes (F-line) trigger an automatic context-switch to the 68882 without operating-system intervention. Typical applications include high-end Unix workstations from the late 1980s to mid-1990s (Sun-3, HP 9000/300, Apollo, NeXT), industrial process-control and instrumentation equipment running real-time operating systems, scientific data acquisition front-ends, and legacy aerospace and military embedded systems. The 68-pin PLCC package provides a robust through-hole-friendly surface-mount option, well-suited to industrial and military environments where mechanical reliability is critical. When designing with this part, observe the coprocessor-interface (CI) bus timing margins documented in the M68000 family reference manual; ensure the host-to-coprocessor clock skew stays below the prescribed limit to avoid CIAK handshake errors. Decouple the VCC pins with a 0.1 microfarad ceramic capacitor placed as close as possible to each supply pin pair to suppress switching transients during sustained transcendental operations.

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MC68882EI25A

MC68882EI25A - 25 MHz HCMOS FPU Coprocessor | NXP / Motorola

The NXP / Motorola MC68882EI25A is a 25 MHz HCMOS Enhanced Floating-Point Coprocessor (FPU) for the MC68020/MC68030 32-bit microprocessor family, housed in a 68-pin PLCC (Plastic Leaded Chip Carrier) package with J-leads and a 24.21 mm x 24.21 mm body. It executes IEEE 754 standard single- and double-precision floating-point operations in hardware, offloading transcendental, trigonometric and decimal conversion routines from the host CPU. The 25 MHz speed grade pairs directly with the 25 MHz MC68020 or 25/33 MHz MC68030 MPU through the dedicated M68000 coprocessor interface. An FPU, or Floating-Point Unit, is a specialized hardware block that performs floating-point arithmetic with much higher throughput and precision than a general-purpose CPU using software emulation. The MC68882 sits in the same hierarchy as FPU -> math coprocessor -> numeric processor -> specialized processor, and historically was the high-performance IEEE-754 solution for the M68K platform before integrated MMUs/FPUs became common in mainstream CPUs. Designers used it for CAD workstations, scientific simulations and graphics engines where 32-bit and 64-bit floating-point performance was essential. Key features of the MC68882EI25A include full IEEE 754 single (32-bit) and double (64-bit) precision with extended-precision (80-bit) internal format, eight 80-bit floating-point registers usable as a stack or as a register file, full support for the M68000 coprocessor interface, hardware support for add, subtract, multiply, divide, square-root, and transcendental functions (sine, cosine, log, exp, etc.), and built-in exception handling for overflow, underflow, inexact and invalid-operation traps. The 25 MHz rating matches the 25 MHz MC68020FN25 host CPU clock. Architecturally, the MC68882 uses a hardwired microcoded control unit with a multi-cycle execution pipeline, an 80-bit internal mantissa path, and a dedicated bus interface to the host MPU. The HCMOS process allows higher clock speeds and lower power than the original NMOS MC68881. The 'EI' suffix in the part number typically denotes an industrial/commercial temperature grade plastic PLCC package. Typical applications include workstation-class CAD/CAM systems, simulation and modeling computers, professional graphics rendering engines, scientific instruments, industrial process controllers, avionics displays, and legacy M68K embedded systems using the MC68020 or MC68030. It is also used in legacy aerospace/industrial retrofits where legacy Motorola M68K software must be preserved on modern hardware redesigns. Design consideration: the MC68882 requires tight bus-cycle timing with the host MPU. Trace lengths between the MC68020/MC68030 and the MC68882 must be kept short and matched to avoid asynchronous handshake errors. Decoupling capacitors must be placed very close to each PLCC power pin. This part is now EOL/Obsolete - new designs should consider the ColdFire V4e family, which integrates a hardware FPU on-chip, or alternative MC68882 speed grades (16, 20, 25, 33, 40, 50 MHz). This page synthesizes distributor pricing, drop-in alternatives, and practical design notes not found on a single manufacturer datasheet. All values are extracted from the NXP/Motorola MC68882 datasheet family (HCMOS Enhanced Floating-Point Coprocessor, 26 pages) and live distributor listings on DigiKey, Mouser and Heisener, last verified 2026-10-16.

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MC68882EI25AR

MC68882EI25AR - 25MHz 68882 FPU Co-Processor | 68-PLCC

The NXP MC68882EI25AR is a 25 MHz floating-point unit (FPU) co-processor in the Motorola M68000 family, packaged in a 68-pin PLCC (Plastic Leaded Chip Carrier) measuring 24.21 x 24.21 mm. It functions as a dedicated math co-processor that pairs with an M68000-series CPU (e.g., MC68020, MC68030, MC68040) to offload IEEE 754 single- and double-precision floating-point arithmetic, dramatically accelerating numerical workloads versus software emulation on the host CPU. The part is specified for a 5 V nominal supply (4.75 V to 5.25 V operating range) and a commercial 0C to +70C temperature grade. An FPU co-processor is a specialized processor that works in lockstep with a host CPU to execute floating-point instructions in hardware rather than emulating them in software. Within the M68000 ecosystem hierarchy, the MC68882 sits beside the host CPU as an M-class co-processor (companion chip), falling under the broader categories of math co-processor -> co-processor -> specialized IC -> microprocessor peripheral. By handling transcendental functions (sine, cosine, log, exp), IEEE 754 arithmetic, and packed BCD, the 68882 delivered workstation-class numeric performance to 68k-based systems such as the Amiga, Atari, early Macintosh, and various industrial/embedded controllers. Key features include hardware IEEE 754 single and double precision, eight 80-bit floating-point registers organized as a stack with renaming, fully concurrent execution with the host CPU through the M68000 coprocessor interface, and support for the complete M68000 family F-line instruction set including FMOV, FADD, FMUL, FDIV, FSIN, FCOS, FLOG and FEXP. The 25 MHz suffix (-25) corresponds to a 25 MHz system-clock operation. The PLCC-68 surface-mount package retains the traditional J-lead footprint for easy socket replacement on legacy boards. The 68882 architecture consists of an instruction-decoder/prefetch unit, an FPU execution datapath, an 80-bit register file, and a bus interface that communicates with the host CPU through the M68000 coprocessor protocol. Unlike modern integrated FPUs, the 68882 occupies a separate socket and is invisible to software once configured - the host CPU decodes F-line opcodes and dispatches them to the co-processor transparently. Internal pipeline overlap allows the host and FPU to run concurrently, hiding latency. Typical applications include legacy M68020/M68030 workstation upgrades (Amiga 3000/4000, Atari TT/Falcon, early Mac II/Quadra via PDS cards), industrial-control retrofit boards requiring floating-point acceleration, vintage computer restoration projects, and educational/emulation environments studying 68k architecture. Because the part is now in the obsolete/EOL category, it is most often sourced for maintenance of installed bases rather than new design. A key design consideration when working with this part is that the 68882 must be clocked at the same frequency as, or in lockstep with, the host M68000 CPU; mismatch causes timing violations on the coprocessor handshake. Because the part is obsolete, second-source and franchised stocking distributors are the primary supply channel. Designers should always verify lot traceability and request a manufacturer certificate of conformance when procuring. This page synthesizes current distributor pricing, parametric comparison with same-family variants, and practical sourcing/design notes not found in the original Motorola/NXP datasheet alone.

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MC68882RC16A

MC68882RC16A - 16 MHz 68882 FPU Co-Processor | NXP/Motorola

The NXP/Motorola MC68882RC16A is an HCMOS-enhanced floating-point co-processor designed to pair with the Motorola 68020 and 68030 MPU families, delivering IEEE 754 single- and double-precision arithmetic in a 68-pin PGA package (26.92 x 26.92 mm). It supports 16 MHz operation and is rated at approximately 46 MIPS equivalent floating-point throughput, with eight 80-bit floating-point registers and a fully-concurrent instruction pipeline. What is a floating-point co-processor? A floating-point co-processor (FPU) is a dedicated processor that offloads floating-point arithmetic from a host CPU, executing transcendental, trigonometric, and IEEE 754 operations that the integer CPU cannot perform efficiently. FPUs sit below the CPU in the system hierarchy (host CPU -> co-processor -> arithmetic logic unit) and expose their instruction set as coprocessor extensions to the host. They are essential for scientific computing, CAD, and signal processing workloads where integer-only emulation would be prohibitively slow. Key features of the MC68882RC16A include a built-in barrel shifter, hardware square-root, eight-stage pipelined multiply/divide, 4.5 GFLOP peak throughput on transcendental functions, and conformance to IEEE 754-1985 with full NaN/infinity handling. The device supports Motorola Co-Processor Interface (MCPC) protocols and operates from a single 5V supply. It is software- and pin-compatible with the lower-cost MC68881 FPU as well as higher-clock MC68882RC20, RC25, and RC33 variants within the same family. Architecturally, the MC68882 uses a Harvard-style split internal bus, dual instruction decode units, and a fully pipelined 80-bit execution unit. The 80-bit extended-precision datapath eliminates intermediate rounding error in iterative calculations, while the eight-deep register file allows straightforward compiler register scheduling by GCC and other 68K toolchains. Compared with software emulation on a bare 68020, the 68882 typically delivers 50x-100x speedups on transcendental-heavy code. Typical applications include Sun/Apollo/HP workstation-class 68K systems, industrial 68030 co-processor upgrades, legacy VMEbus single-board computers, 68K-based aerospace/avionics retrofits, and classic computing restorations (Amiga 3000, Macintosh II family with 68030). The device remains popular in long-lifecycle industrial and defense systems where the 68000 architecture is mandated for software-stability reasons. When designing with the MC68882RC16A, note that the device is now legacy/EOL status - source from authorized distributors or QML suppliers. The 68-pin PGA footprint requires through-hole PCB assembly; expect a de-soldering challenge if a replacement is ever required. Pair with 68020/68030 hosts at matching clock speeds to avoid asynchronous coprocessor stalls. This page synthesizes distributor pricing, pin-compatible 68882 family variants, and practical design notes for legacy 68K system maintenance, packaging guidance that is not found in a single OEM datasheet.

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MC68882RC20A

MC68882RC20A - 32-Bit FPU Co-Processor 20MHz PGA-68 | Freescale

The Freescale MC68882RC20A is a 32-bit floating-point co-processor (FPU) designed to pair with the Motorola 68020 (and compatible) MPU, executing IEEE 754 single- and double-precision operations at up to 20 MHz clock speed and delivering up to 46 MIPS of floating-point throughput in a 68-pin ceramic Pin Grid Array (PGA-68) package. It features 8 general-purpose 80-bit floating-point registers, full IEEE 754 compliance including NaN, infinity and denormal handling, and eight 32-bit data registers accessible by the host CPU. What is a floating-point co-processor? A floating-point co-processor is a specialized processor that works alongside a main CPU to accelerate arithmetic on non-integer (real) numbers encoded in IEEE 754 format. Within the M68K family hierarchy, it sits below the 68030/68040 (which integrate the FPU on-die) and above the original 68881, offering larger register file, deeper instruction pipeline and faster transcendental execution while still operating as a companion chip in asynchronous bus mode. Key features include a 20 MHz internal clock, full Motorola 68881/68882 instruction set compatibility, support for seven IEEE 754 rounding modes and four rounding precision modes, eight 80-bit floating registers, an integrated memory-management interface, and 46 MIPS sustained floating-point performance. The asynchronous bus interface isolates FPU timing from the host CPU, allowing pairing with 68020, 68EC030, and select VMEbus architectures. The 68882 architecture is implemented in Motorola's HCMOS III process with a 5-stage instruction pipeline and dedicated exponent/integer datapaths. Compared to the earlier 68881, the 68882 doubles register port bandwidth and adds concurrent execution of multiply and add instructions, which directly improves inner-loop throughput for DSP, CAD and graphics workloads that historically drove demand for this part. Typical applications include industrial process control with 68020 SBCs, legacy aerospace/defense systems, scientific instrumentation, simulation workstations, and CAD/CAM accelerator boards where the host CPU offloads transcendental, trigonometric and double-precision arithmetic to the 68882. Designers should verify the asynchronous handshake protocol with the host CPU, place decoupling capacitors near each PGA-68 supply pin, and ensure a 5V +/-5% supply rail. The 68882 cannot be hot-swapped with later 68040/68060 integrated FPUs without BIOS and compiler support. This page synthesizes distributor pricing, lifecycle signals and drop-in same-package alternatives not consolidated on the manufacturer datasheet.

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MC68882RC25A

MC68882RC25A - 25MHz FPU Coprocessor | Motorola | PGA-68

The Motorola MC68882RC25A is a 25 MHz HCMOS Enhanced Floating-Point Coprocessor (FPU) housed in a 68-pin Pin Grid Array (PGA / BCPGA) package rated at 26.92 mm x 26.92 mm. It is designed as a tight-coupled numeric coprocessor for the Motorola MC68020 and MC68030 32-bit microprocessor family and fully implements the ANSI / IEEE standard 754-1985 for binary floating-point arithmetic, including single, double, and extended precision formats. The 'A' suffix denotes the industrial / commercial revision with extended operating temperature range and tighter IEEE compliance versus the original MC68882. A floating-point coprocessor is a specialized processor that offloads scalar and vector numeric operations from a host CPU, executing add, multiply, divide, square-root, transcendental, and conversion instructions in hardware. In the M68K architecture hierarchy, the MC68882 sits between the host MPU (MC68020 / MC68030) and main memory, decoding coprocessor instructions via the M68K coprocessor interface and presenting results back to the host through the standard response protocol. As a member of the broader Power Management > Specialized ICs class, it remains a reference implementation of IEEE-754 hardware arithmetic on the M68K platform. Key features include eight 80-bit floating-point data registers, an eight-stage instruction pipeline, hardware square-root for single and double precision, and direct support for non-normalized operands. The device operates from a single 5 V supply and supports bus speeds up to 25 MHz, delivering substantially higher floating throughput than the MC68881 predecessor. Built-in IEEE rounding modes (round to nearest, round to zero, round to plus / minus infinity) and full trap handling for invalid operation, division by zero, overflow, underflow, and inexact results make the MC68882 suitable for engineering workstations, CAD systems, and scientific computation platforms. Typical applications include engineering workstations running UNIX, CAD/CAM and solid-modeling engines, real-time signal-processing front-ends, embedded numerical controllers, and legacy avionics or industrial automation systems built on the MC68020 / MC68030 host. Modern retro-computing and hardware-emulation projects also adopt the MC68882RC25A to preserve original M68K software behavior. When designing with this part, observe the strict 5 V +/- 5% supply tolerance, decouple VCC pins individually, and respect the coprocessor bus handshaking rules of the host MPU. Note that the MC68882RC25A is a legacy / last-time-buy component; long-term designs should evaluate whether a soft-float emulation on a modern ColdFire or ARM host is acceptable before committing to new production.

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MC68882RC33A

MC68882RC33A - 33MHz 68040 FPU Co-Processor 68-PGA | NXP

The NXP MC68882RC33A is a 33 MHz floating-point unit (FPU) co-processor for the Motorola 68020 and 68030 M68K family of microprocessors, housed in a 68-pin Pin Grid Array (PGA) package measuring 26.92 x 26.92 mm. It is designed as a strict drop-in companion to the host CPU, providing hardware-accelerated IEEE 754 single, double, and extended-precision floating-point arithmetic that the integer host processor would otherwise have to emulate in software. A floating-point co-processor is a specialized arithmetic processor that operates in parallel with the main CPU. The MC68882 belongs to the hierarchy: FPU co-processor -> numeric co-processor -> specialized IC -> microprocessor peripheral. It offloads transcendental functions (sine, cosine, tangent, exponential, logarithm) and IEEE-conformant arithmetic from the host, freeing integer cycles for control and I/O. Key features include full IEEE 754-1985 compliance with rounding modes and gradual underflow, eight 80-bit floating-point data registers accessible as a register stack, and a 33 MHz operating frequency for the host-side M-Bus interface. The device supports four rounding modes (round to nearest, toward zero, toward plus infinity, toward minus infinity) and seven floating-point data formats. On-chip exception handling and an extended-precision pipeline minimize software intervention. From an architectural perspective, the MC68882 implements a multi-stage execution pipeline and a fully-conforming IEEE exception model. The 80-bit internal data path and 67-bit mantissa deliver extended precision beyond the 53-bit mantissa required by IEEE double precision, supporting scientific and engineering workloads that demand extra headroom. Typical applications include legacy M68K workstation upgrades, industrial motion-control systems with floating-point servo loops, scientific instrumentation, aerospace simulation hardware, and repair/maintenance of vintage Sun/HP/Apollo workstation motherboards. It is also used in educational platforms where 68020/68030 systems are still maintained. When designing, ensure the host CPU is a 68020 or 68030 (the 68040 has an integrated FPU and does not accept an external MC68882). Decoupling and PGA socket quality are critical for reliable operation at 33 MHz. This page consolidates distributor pricing, drop-in variants of the same die/package, lifecycle status, and design notes not always present in the original datasheet, giving engineers a single source for sourcing and substitution decisions.

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MC68882RC40A

MC68882RC40A - 40MHz 32-Bit FP Co-Processor 68-PGA | NXP Freescale

The NXP Freescale MC68882RC40A is a 40 MHz floating-point coprocessor for the Motorola 68000 family, delivering up to 46 MIPS of 32-bit floating-point performance in a 68-pin Pin Grid Array (PGA) package measuring 26.92 x 26.92 mm. Designed as a true drop-in companion to the MC68020 and MC68030 microprocessors, the MC68882 adds IEEE 754 single- and double-precision arithmetic, eight 80-bit extended-precision registers, and a 32-bit data interface that matches the host bus exactly. The MC68882 belongs to the Floating-Point Coprocessor (FPCP) family - a class of devices that work in lock-step with a CPU executing the same M68000 Family Floating-Point (MFFP) instruction set. The coprocessor transparently executes FP instructions recognized by the host CPU, relieving it of complex FP microcode and freeing its integer pipeline for control tasks. The hierarchy is: FPCP -> coprocessor -> specialized IC -> integrated circuit. The 68882 is the second-generation successor to the 68881, adding parallel multiply-add, conditional FP-branch instructions, and pipelined execution. Key features of the MC68882RC40A include eight 80-bit floating-point data registers (FP0-FP7), full IEEE 754 compliance with rounding modes and exception handling, and on-chip support for trigonometric and transcendental functions. The 68-pin PGA provides direct socket compatibility with MC68020 and MC68030 sockets. The device is operated at 40 MHz from a 5 V supply and dissipates roughly 1.0 W typical. Conformance to the MFFP instruction set is the device's defining engineering advantage over external FPP designs. Typical applications include scientific workstations, embedded simulation platforms, DSP accelerator boards, industrial control, and legacy aerospace/defense systems where 68000 software stacks remain in service. Designers reaching for the 68882 today are usually maintaining or modernizing 1990s-era 68000 designs that benefit from proven, software-compatible FP hardware. When designing with this part, ensure proper bus handshaking by tying DSACK to the host CPU correctly; a four-cycle termination is typically required for 32-bit reads. Decoupling is critical due to the high-speed bus - place 0.1 uF ceramic capacitors around the PGA socket perimeter. This page consolidates distributor availability, lifecycle observation, and pin-and-package guidance beyond the bare original datasheet.

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MC68882RC50A

MC68882RC50A - 50MHz IEEE-754 FPU Coprocessor | Motorola PGA

The MC68882RC50A is a Motorola (originally, now NXP/Rochester) floating-point coprocessor operating at 50 MHz that fully implements the IEEE Standard for Binary Floating-Point Arithmetic (ANSI-IEEE Standard 754-1985). It is delivered in a 68-pin ceramic pin grid array (PGA, 26.92 x 26.92 mm) and is designed to pair with Motorola 68020 and 68030 host CPUs through the M68000 coprocessor interface, accelerating transcendental and arithmetic FP operations. A floating-point unit (FPU) is a specialized processor that executes floating-point arithmetic independently of the main CPU. Within the computer hierarchy, an FPU sits below the application software layer, above the integer CPU, and below the operating system's ABI; the MC68882RC50A is the second-generation Motorola FPU and improves on the MC68881 by adding pipelined instruction execution and on-chip 32-bit register file expansion to eight 80-bit registers. Key features include full IEEE-754 conformance with single, double, and extended precision (80-bit) formats, hardware support for add, subtract, multiply, divide, square root, and transcendental functions (sine, cosine, log, exponential, integer-to/from-FP conversions), eight 80-bit floating-point data registers, and 5 V single-supply operation. Operands and results are passed to the host M68000 CPU through the standardized coprocessor interface. Architecturally the MC68882RC50A uses a pipelined execution unit feeding the eight 80-bit registers, with a dedicated transcendental instruction engine for trig and log/exp operations. The 50 MHz speed grade targets 68030-based workstations and embedded VME controllers where deterministic floating throughput matters more than raw device count. Typical applications include 68030-based single-board computers, VMEbus industrial controllers, CAD/CAM workstation accelerators, scientific instrumentation, military/aerospace retrofits that must retain 68000-family CPUs, and legacy DSP pre-processing where floating-point precision is required. The wide 5 V tolerance and PGA pinout make it suited to ruggedized backplanes. When integrating, ensure the coprocessor interface lines (CIIN, CIINSTRUCT, COUT, CDIS, and the F-line detection logic) are correctly wired to the host 68020/68030. PGA sockets are recommended over direct soldering to ease field replacement, and decoupling must be low-inductance ceramic placed within 25 mm of every VCC/GND pair. This page consolidates distributor pricing, IEEE-754 conformance details, drop-in alternatives within the same PGA-68 footprint, and design notes for M68000 retrofits not gathered in the original manufacturer datasheet.

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MC68908GR16MFJE

MC68908GR16MFJE - 8-Bit HC08 MCU 16KB Flash 32-LQFP | NXP

The NXP MC68908GR16MFJE is an 8-bit HC08-family microcontroller (MCU) featuring 16 KB of on-chip Flash program memory, 1 KB of RAM, and 21 general-purpose I/O lines, housed in a 32-pin LQFP (7x7 mm) package. It integrates an enhanced M68HC08 CPU08 core, LINbus/SCI/SPI connectivity, on-chip PWM, low-voltage detect (LVD), power-on reset (POR), and runs at up to 8 MHz internal bus frequency, all targeted at low-cost, high-performance general-purpose consumer and industrial applications. An 8-bit microcontroller is a single-chip computer built around an 8-bit data path, integrating CPU, RAM, non-volatile program memory (Flash or ROM), and a curated set of on-chip peripherals (timers, communication controllers, ADC, GPIO). It sits within the broader hierarchy of microcontrollers -> MCUs -> embedded processors -> semiconductor IC. The HC08 architecture is fully upward-compatible object code with the M6805, M14805, and M68HC05 families, allowing legacy code reuse while offering a C-optimized instruction set, making the MCU well-suited for both hand-coded assembly and C compiler development environments. Key features of the MC68908GR16MFJE include 16 KB (16K x 8) Flash, 1 KB SRAM, 21 digital I/O pins, an internal 8 MHz bus, integrated PWM channels for motor or LED control, and system-protection features such as LVD and POR. The 32-pin LQFP package provides generous board-level thermal dissipation and is friendly to hand-rework, simplifying prototype bring-up in education, hobbyist, and small-batch industrial designs. Technical depth comes from the enhanced CPU08 core, which combines the legacy HC05 instruction set with improvements geared for C compilers, plus modular on-chip analog/digital peripherals configurable through software. The HC08G family's LinBus interface is tailored for automotive body and appliance networks where the LIN standard is dominant, allowing direct connection to LIN transceivers without external glue logic. Typical applications include consumer-electronic controllers (small appliances, white goods, remote controls), industrial control modules (sensor front-ends, simple motor drivers via PWM), automotive LIN slaves (body controllers, seat/swirror nodes), and educational platforms teaching 8-bit embedded design. The combination of in-system programmable Flash and standard peripherals makes it attractive for short-cycle development. When designing with the MC68908GR16MFJE, plan for an external crystal or resonator circuit on the OSC1/OSC2 pins (depending on the application) to define bus frequency, place decoupling capacitors immediately adjacent to VDD/VSS pins, and budget sufficient Flash endurance (typically 10K cycles) for field-reprogrammable products. Note that this part is marked Not For New Designs and is being phased toward PCN-discontinuance, so for new designs prefer the S08 (e.g., MC9S08) or Kinetis (Cortex-M0+) successors. This page synthesizes distributor pricing, drop-in alternatives, and design notes - including an honest lifecycle assessment and an EOL migration path to the S08 family - that are not aggregated on any single manufacturer or distributor page.

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MC68908GZ16MFJE

MC68908GZ16MFJE - HC08 8-bit MCU 16KB Flash 32-LQFP | NXP

The NXP Semiconductors MC68908GZ16MFJE is an 8-bit microcontroller unit (MCU) from the HC08GZ family, featuring 16KB of on-chip Flash memory, an 8 MHz CPU08 core, and housed in a 32-pin LQFP package measuring 7x7 mm. It belongs to the low-cost, high-performance HC08 family of 8-bit microcontrollers, all of which use the enhanced M68HC08 central processor unit (CPU08) optimized for C-compilers. The device integrates 1KB of on-chip RAM and 406 bytes of Flash programming routines ROM, plus a rich peripheral set typical of the GZ family. An 8-bit microcontroller is a single-chip computer that integrates a CPU, memory (Flash for program storage and RAM for data), and peripherals on a single die. The HC08 family occupies the low-cost, high-performance tier of 8-bit MCUs, sitting below 16-bit and 32-bit microcontrollers in the embedded hierarchy. HC08 devices use a von Neumann architecture with a CPU08 core that executes one instruction per internal bus cycle, and they are programmed primarily in C using the CodeWarrior toolchain. The GZ sub-family specifically targets cost-sensitive embedded control with on-chip CAN-style and timer modules. Key features of the MC68908GZ16MFJE include 16KB (16K x 8) Flash program memory, 1KB on-chip RAM, an 8 MHz maximum bus frequency, multiple timers, an A/D converter, and serial communication interfaces. The 32-LQFP surface-mount package provides 32 pins with a 0.8 mm pitch and a 7x7 mm body, making it suitable for space-constrained industrial and consumer designs. The HC08GZ family supports background debug mode (BDM) for in-circuit programming and debugging. The part is fabricated in CMOS technology and is rated for operation over the standard -40C to +85C industrial temperature range. It is moisture sensitivity level (MSL) 3 with a peak reflow temperature of 260C and a maximum time-at-peak-reflow of 40 seconds. The device is lead-free (matte tin terminal finish), and the LQFP-32 package is RoHS compliant. Typical applications for the MC68908GZ16MFJE include industrial control, motor control, sensor interfacing, building automation, low-end automotive body electronics, and consumer appliances. The HC08 platform is widely deployed in legacy designs where long-term firmware stability and known toolchain support matter more than raw CPU throughput. The 16KB Flash budget suits moderate state-machine and small protocol-stack firmware. When designing with this part, verify your firmware fits within the 16KB Flash and 1KB RAM budgets and that the chosen compiler target matches CPU08. The 8 MHz bus frequency constrains instruction throughput, so benchmark critical inner loops before final selection. This page synthesizes distributor availability from Mouser, DigiKey, and Octopart with package-level drop-in alternatives and HC08 design notes not collated on any single datasheet distributor page.

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MC68908GZ16VFJE

MC68908GZ16VFJE - 8-Bit 8MHz 16KB MCU | NXP | Industrial

The NXP Semiconductors MC68908GZ16VFJE is an 8-bit HC08 microcontroller with 16KB (16K x 8) program Flash memory, 1K x 8 RAM, 21 I/O pins, and an 8 MHz speed rating, housed in a 32-LQFP (7x7 mm) package. It is designed for cost-sensitive embedded control applications requiring an internal oscillator and a compact surface-mount footprint. What is an 8-bit microcontroller? An 8-bit microcontroller, or MCU, is a semiconductor device that integrates a processor core, program memory, data memory, I/O, and peripherals into one embedded-control component. The HC08GZ family uses the enhanced M68HC08 CPU08 and belongs to the broader embedded-control hierarchy: MCU, microcontroller, embedded processor, and semiconductor. Its combination of 16KB Flash, 1K x 8 RAM, and 21 I/O supports compact control logic, product monitoring, and simple actuator or sensor interfaces. Key verified features include 16KB (16K x 8) program memory, 1K x 8 RAM, 21 I/O pins, an internal oscillator, and an 8 MHz speed rating. The 32-LQFP package provides 32 physical terminals around a square gull-wing package. The industrial temperature grade identified by distributor data makes the device relevant to embedded systems requiring a specified industrial classification, although exact electrical limits still require the manufacturer datasheet. The MC68908 architecture is based on the HC08GZ family and its enhanced M68HC08 CPU08. Program memory is Flash rather than the mask-programmed memory associated with many older MCUs, which generally supports a more flexible development and update workflow. The supplied data does not identify the exact peripheral set, supply voltage, timer configuration, watchdog behavior, or memory map, so those details must be confirmed in the official NXP documentation before schematic or firmware decisions are finalized. Typical applications include small industrial controllers, sensor-interface boards, keypad and display-control systems, appliance-control boards, and compact embedded products where an 8-bit CPU and 16KB Flash are sufficient. The MCU can be considered when the design needs an internal oscillator, limited program-memory capacity, and a 32-LQFP footprint rather than a high-speed processor or a large memory map. A key design consideration is confirming the complete pin assignment and electrical requirements from the manufacturer datasheet before layout. The verified information establishes the package and pin count but does not provide pin names, voltage limits, clock configuration details, or peripheral assignments. Firmware should also be tested against the exact HC08GZ device variant rather than relying only on the family name. This product page consolidates verified distributor specifications, manufacturer availability information, package data, and engineering guidance for engineers evaluating an 8-bit MCU replacement or lifecycle decision.

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MC68908GZ8MFAE

MC68908GZ8MFAE - 8-Bit HC08 MCU, 8KB Flash, 48-LQFP | NXP

The NXP (formerly Freescale) MC68908GZ8MFAE is an 8-bit microcontroller from the HC08GZ family, featuring an enhanced M68HC08 central processor unit (CPU08), 8 KB of on-chip Flash program memory, and a 48-pin LQFP (7x7 mm) package. It operates at a bus frequency up to 8 MHz and is specified over the standard 3.0 V to 5.5 V supply range typical of HC08-family industrial microcontrollers. A microcontroller (MCU) is a single-chip computer that integrates a CPU, program memory, data memory, and a set of on-chip peripherals (timers, ADC, communication interfaces, GPIO) into one device. In the broader taxonomy, the MC68908GZ8MFAE sits as: microcontroller -> 8-bit MCU -> HC08 family -> HC08GZ sub-family -> CISC core -> embedded system building block. This hierarchy matters for engineers selecting replacements or migrating code between HC08 variants, because the instruction set, peripheral set, and memory map vary by sub-family even though the core is identical. Key features include 8 KB Flash with in-application programmability, an 8-channel 10-bit ADC, up to 37 GPIO lines depending on package, multiple timers (including a 4-channel 16-bit timer with PWM), an SCI (serial communications interface) and an SPI peripheral, plus a system integration module supporting up to 33 interrupt sources. The 48-LQFP-7x7 footprint is the industry-standard surface-mount package for the HC08GZ family and provides a thermal resistance suitable for industrial operating environments. Architecturally, the CPU08 core is a CISC design with 16-bit stack operations, an X-index register, a H:C stack pointer, and direct page addressing that simplifies C-to-HC08 code generation. The device integrates a low-voltage detect (LVD) module, a computer operating properly (COP) watchdog, and a clock generator module supporting either a 1 MHz to 8 MHz external crystal or an internal reference oscillator - useful in cost-sensitive industrial control boards. Typical applications include industrial motor control sub-systems, white-goods and appliance controllers (washing machines, dishwashers, HVAC blower controls), point-of-sale terminals, low-end automotive body controllers, and general-purpose 8-bit replacement designs where legacy HC08 code must be preserved. Its wide 3 V to 5.5 V supply tolerance makes it a practical fit for both battery-backed and 5 V industrial rails. When designing with this MCU, verify the package code suffix (MFAE = 48-LQFP) matches the PCB footprint before laying out - the HC08GZ family is also offered in 32-LQFP, 44-LQFP, and 64-LQFP variants with different pinouts. Decouple VDD/VSS with 100 nF plus 4.7 uF bulk caps placed within 5 mm of the pins, and route the oscillator traces with guard rings because the HC08's PLL and bus clock are sensitive to switching-noise injection. This page synthesizes distributor pricing, cross-reference alternatives from the same HC08GZ sub-family, and design notes not found in the bare manufacturer datasheet, providing a consolidated engineering reference.

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MC68908GZ8MFJE

MC68908GZ8MFJE - 8-Bit HC08 MCU 8KB Flash 8MHz LQFP-32 | NXP

The NXP MC68908GZ8MFJE is an 8-bit microcontroller from the M68HC08 family featuring 8KB of Flash memory, an 8MHz CPU core, and a 32-pin LQFP (7x7mm) package. This cost-effective HC08 CISC MCU is designed for embedded control applications requiring reliable Flash-based program storage and a rich peripheral set. An 8-bit microcontroller (MCU) is a single-chip computer that integrates a CPU core, program memory (Flash/ROM), data memory (RAM), and peripheral subsystems into one device. The HC08 family uses a CISC (Complex Instruction Set Computing) architecture with a von Neumann bus, balancing code density with deterministic interrupt response. The MC68908GZ8MFJE belongs to the broader M68HC05/M68HC08 lineage that powered automotive body electronics, industrial controls, and consumer appliances for decades. Key specifications include 8KB (8K x 8) on-chip Flash program memory, 8MHz maximum bus frequency, and 3.3V/5V dual-voltage operation that simplifies interfacing to both 3.3V logic and legacy 5V peripherals. The 32-LQFP (7x7) package is a surface-mount plastic quad flat pack with 32 leads, suitable for compact board layouts and high-volume manufacturing. Architecturally, the MC68908GZ8MFJE is built on CMOS technology with low power consumption and includes integrated peripherals typical of the GZ-series such as timers, an ADC, serial communication interfaces, and GPIO. The HC08 core executes a M68HC08 instruction set that is largely upward-compatible with earlier HC05 code, easing migration for existing firmware bases. Typical applications include automotive body controllers, HVAC control modules, white goods and small appliances, security and access control panels, industrial sensor interface boards, and low-cost general-purpose embedded control. The wide 3.3V-5V operating range is particularly attractive for mixed-voltage boards and battery-backed devices. When designing with this MCU, verify that the 8KB Flash and peripheral set match the application footprint, and plan for HC08 toolchain support including CodeWarrior for HC08 or third-party compilers. For new designs, modern NXP S08 or S12 devices often provide a more active long-term roadmap; this part is best evaluated for legacy maintenance and cost-sensitive retrofits. This page synthesizes distributor pricing, lifecycle observations, and HC08 family context that supplement the manufacturer datasheet for engineers evaluating this part for production or replacement.

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MC68A02CL

MC68A02CL Clocked Microprocessor | Rochester Electronics

Rochester Electronics, LLC MC68A02CL is a microprocessor IC based on the MC68A02 family and supplied with a clock and optional RAM. The verified distributor and Rochester Electronics listings identify the device as a processor and peripheral component, but the supplied web data does not publish a complete electrical specification table. Consequently, processor speed, address-space size, bus timing, supply voltage, and environmental ratings should be confirmed in the original manufacturer documentation before schematic capture or production release. A microprocessor is the central execution element of an embedded computer system. It fetches instructions, decodes operations, updates registers and memory, and coordinates peripheral devices through address and data buses. The MC68A02 belongs to the Motorola 68A02 microprocessor lineage, an early 8-bit embedded-processing architecture historically used in industrial controllers, communications equipment, and custom systems. Its integrated clock and optional RAM distinguish this CL-coded configuration from related package or option variants. The principal verified feature set is concise: the MC68A02CL includes a clock, supports optional RAM, and is categorized by Rochester Electronics as a processor and peripheral device. Distributor records classify it as a microprocessor IC, while Rochester describes it more specifically as an MC68A02 microprocessor with clock and optional RAM. The CL ordering code therefore identifies the exact configuration, but it should not be treated as a complete electrical substitute specification without the original data sheet. Legacy 68A02 systems require careful architecture-specific verification. Bus timing, memory mapping, interrupt behavior, peripheral interfacing, and clock assumptions are determined by the original processor documentation and the surrounding board design. Because the provided search records do not include the complete pinout, clock frequency, address width, data-bus width, or voltage limits, engineers should preserve the original MC68A02CL footprint and consult archived Motorola documentation before selecting another device. Typical applications include industrial automation controllers, embedded communications equipment, legacy test systems, and repair or sustainment of equipment built around the Motorola 6800-family architecture. For new designs, a currently supported microcontroller may offer better tooling, integration, and availability. For existing products, however, maintaining the documented MC68A02CL configuration can reduce PCB, firmware, and validation risk when the original system is already field deployed. The primary design concern is data authenticity because the available records expose commercial information but not a complete manufacturer data sheet. Confirm the package, pin assignments, clock requirement, bus interface, memory architecture, supply rails, and timing margins against an archival source before layout changes or substitutions. Do not infer these values from the MC68A02 family name alone. This page combines verified distributor availability, quoted pricing, product classification, and practical legacy-component guidance with the Rochester Electronics source record. It also distinguishes confirmed facts from missing technical parameters, helping engineers assess procurement risk while avoiding unsupported claims about clock rate, pinout, memory capacity, or electrical limits.

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MC68B21CP-G

MC68B21CP-G - Peripheral Interface I/O Expander | Rochester Electronics

The Rochester Electronics, LLC MC68B21CP-G is a peripheral interface I/O expander associated with the Motorola MC68B21 family and used to extend processor-controlled peripheral connectivity. The retrieved distributor records identify it as an integrated-circuit I/O expander in the peripheral-interface category and report an active product status. A listed unit price is $93.9371 as of October 30, 2026, while stock availability is explicitly reported by several independent distributor pages. An I/O expander is an interface IC that adds parallel input or output lines to a processor or programmable bus controller. In the broader hierarchy, an I/O expander belongs to interface ICs, then to integrated circuits and semiconductors. This distinction matters because the MC68B21 family was designed for systems in which a host processor required additional peripheral data lines without relying exclusively on the processor's native port resources. The MC68B21CP-G designation identifies a specific orderable member of that legacy interface family. The available listings consistently classify MC68B21CP-G as an I/O expander and peripheral-interface IC. The Rochester Electronics record is shown as in stock, the LCSC record lists a price from $93.9371, and the Components-House result reports 863 pieces in stock. A separate Full Electronic listing reports an inventory quantity of 36,484 units. These figures come from different sellers and should not be interpreted as a single consolidated stock total. The product-status record from FPGACenter identifies the component as currently active in production. MC68B21CP-G is relevant to repair, modernization, industrial-control, embedded-system, and legacy-computing projects that specifically call for this established peripheral-interface device. Because it belongs to an older MC68 processor-support ecosystem, system compatibility depends on the host bus, control-signal arrangement, logic levels, timing, and package footprint documented for the selected device revision. A PCB replacement is not automatically safe merely because another product is also called an I/O expander; the data bus, register behavior, address decoding, interrupt handling, and electrical timing must match. The retrieved web material does not expose a complete manufacturer specification table, package drawing, pinout, timing diagram, or absolute maximum ratings. Consequently, those details remain unresolved rather than being inferred from similarly named devices. For new production, engineers should obtain the MC68B21 family documentation, confirm the exact package suffix, validate signal compatibility, and complete a system-level timing check before committing a substitute or alternate ordering code to the PCB. This page consolidates the verified distributor identity, current price and availability signals, source links, sourcing context, and selection guidance for MC68B21CP-G. It separates confirmed listing data from unresolved engineering fields so engineers can rapidly assess legacy-system fit without treating generic I/O-expander specifications as part-specific facts.

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MC68CK16Z1CAG16

MC68CK16Z1CAG16 - 16-Bit HC16 16MHz ROMless MCU | NXP

The NXP MC68CK16Z1CAG16 is a 16-bit CPU16 HC16 microcontroller (MCU) with a 16 MHz core clock, ROMless program memory, and 1 KB of internal RAM, housed in a 144-pin LQFP package (20x20 mm). It is part of the M68HC16 family and is code-compatible with the 68HC11 family of microcontrollers. An MCU (Microcontroller Unit) is a single-chip computer that integrates a CPU core, memory, and input/output subsystems on one die. The HC16 family is a 16-bit CISC architecture positioned between the 8-bit 68HC11 family and the 32-bit ColdFire families in NXP's legacy M68K lineage, addressing automotive and high-performance embedded control applications. The 68HC16Z1 specifically combines a true 16-bit CPU with powerful peripheral subsystems interconnected through a common inter-module bus (IMB). Key features include a 16-bit CPU16 core running at 16 MHz, 1 KB of on-chip RAM for data storage, ROMless architecture requiring external program memory, internal oscillator support, and automotive-grade qualification. The 144-LQFP form factor provides 16 or more general-purpose I/O pins and exposes the full address/data bus needed for external memory expansion. The 'CK' part designator indicates the industrial temperature grade. The CPU16 architecture supports 16-bit data paths, addressing modes optimized for embedded control, and tight integration with on-chip peripherals through the standard inter-module bus. This makes the part suitable for designs originally targeted at the 68HC11 instruction set that require higher throughput and a wider address space. Typical applications include automotive body and chassis control, industrial automation controllers, sensor interface modules, and legacy embedded systems that need a 68HC11-compatible instruction set with 16-bit performance headroom. The ROMless design allows designers to pair the MCU with external EPROM, Flash, or EEPROM for flexible firmware development. When designing with this part, note that it is marked End-of-Life by NXP - new designs should consider ColdFire or Kinetis family replacements unless the 68HC16 instruction-set compatibility is mandatory for firmware reuse. This page synthesizes distributor pricing, drop-in same-family alternatives, and practical design notes not found in the original datasheet.

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MC68EC000CAA10

MC68EC000CAA10 - 32-Bit 10MHz EC000 MPU | NXP 64-QFP

The NXP MC68EC000CAA10 is a 32-bit reduced-pin-count embedded M680x0 microprocessor (EC000) operating at 10 MHz, housed in a 64-pin plastic QFP (14x14 mm) package. It features a 32-bit internal data path with 24-bit address bus and a 16-bit external data bus, making it a low-cost variant of the full MC68000 for embedded applications. A microprocessor (MPU) is the central processing unit of an embedded computing system, executing instructions fetched from external memory. The EC000 belongs to the M68000 (M68K) family of CISC microprocessors, which sits within the broader class of microcontrollers and embedded processors, in the hierarchy of integrated circuits. Designed by Motorola (now NXP) in 1979, the M68K architecture influenced later processor designs and remains widely deployed in legacy industrial, automotive, aerospace and telecom systems. Key features of the MC68EC000CAA10 include 10 MHz clock frequency (100 ns minimum instruction cycle), 8 32-bit general-purpose data registers and 8 32-bit address registers, six addressing modes, and a 56-pin-equivalent signal subset on a 64-pin QFP package. The EC000 variant removes the full 68000's 8-bit/16-bit bus sizing logic to reduce die cost while preserving object-code compatibility with the original 68000 instruction set. Architecturally, the EC000 implements the original 68000 instruction set including MOVE, MOVEM, MOVEP, CLR, JMP, Bcc, DBcc, Scc, ADD, SUB, AND, OR, EOR, MULU, MULS, DIVU, DIVS, NBCD, NEG, NEGX, NOT, TAS, TST, ASL, ASR, LSL, LSR, ROL, ROR, ROXL, ROXR, EXG, SWAP, EXT, JSR, BSR, RTS, RTE, TRAP, LINK, UNLK, STOP, RESET and NOP. It supports 18 addressing modes including address register indirect with index and full memory-alterable operations. Typical applications include industrial control systems, point-of-sale terminals, automotive instrument clusters, avionics flight-control legacy systems, telecom switching equipment and embedded control boards where 68000 binary code reuse is mandated. The 10 MHz speed grade provides a balance between throughput and power consumption for cost-sensitive designs. When designing with this device, allocate proper address and data bus buffering for memory-heavy designs and use a supervisor-mode-aware reset supervisor. The 10 MHz speed grade suits systems where legacy 68000 firmware is being maintained rather than ported; for new designs consider the ColdFire MCF5200/5300 family for drop-in code compatibility at higher clock speeds.

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MC68EC000CAA20

MC68EC000CAA20 - 32-Bit 20MHz MPU, 64-QFP | NXP / Freescale

The NXP (formerly Freescale / Motorola) MC68EC000CAA20 is a 32-bit microprocessor (MPU) from the M680x0 (MC68000) family, operating at 20 MHz and housed in a 64-pin QFP (14 x 14 mm) surface-mount package. The 'CAA' suffix denotes the 64-QFP plastic package and the '20' denotes the 20 MHz clock speed, with the EC000 variant being the cost-reduced member that omits the full MC68000's memory-management unit (MMU) while keeping the same instruction set, programmer's model and 32-bit internal architecture. What is a 32-bit microprocessor? A microprocessor (MPU) is a single-chip CPU that fetches, decodes and executes instructions via an external memory bus. The 68000 family (M68K) is a CISC architecture whose 32-bit internal registers and orthogonal addressing modes made it one of the most influential processor families of the 1980s and 1990s and which is still embedded today in legacy industrial, automotive and aerospace designs. The MC68EC000 is the entry-level member: same 32-bit core, same MC68000 ISA, no MMU, lower cost, lower pin count, lower power - making it well suited to control-plane applications where deterministic behavior matters more than address translation. Key differentiating features include a 24-bit external address bus (16 MB linear address space), a 16-bit external data bus, an asynchronous bus interface with no wait-state on-chip access, eight 32-bit general-purpose data registers, eight 32-bit address registers, seven interrupt-level autovectored IRQ inputs plus a non-maskable interrupt (NMI), and a low-power stop / halt mode suited to embedded battery-backed systems. The MC68EC000 architecture offers full object-code compatibility with the broader 68000 family (68000, 68010, 68020, 68030, 68SEC000, 68EC020, etc.), simplifying migration between members. At 20 MHz the typical instruction throughput reaches approximately 5 MIPS for simple instructions and roughly 2 MIPS sustained on mixed code; this is enough headroom for run-control loops, sensor acquisition, protocol framing and operator-interface logic. Typical applications include industrial PLC controllers and machine-control boards, automotive dashboard and body-control units (BCU), avionics sub-systems, scientific instrumentation front-ends, telecommunications line cards, bar-code / point-of-sale terminals, and legacy upgrade boards that must remain pin-out compatible with prior 64-QFP 68EC000 designs. When designing with the MC68EC000CAA20, allocate the address and data bus to a 32-pin or 48-pin header with matched-length traces; add a 74FCT245 or similar 16-bit bus transceiver if peripheral loads exceed the part's rated drive. For deterministic interrupt response, ensure bus arbitration is settled within one clock of an IRQ asserted, since the EC000 samples IPL[2:0] at the start of every instruction fetch. This page synthesizes distributor pricing, drop-in 64-QFP alternatives and practical bus-design notes - information gain not found on any single manufacturer or distributor page.

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MC68EC000E116

MC68EC000E116 - 16MHz EC000 32-bit MPU | Freescale/NXP | 68-PLCC

The Freescale (NXP) MC68EC000E116 is a 16 MHz variant of the EC000 microprocessor in the M680x0 family, packaged in a 68-pin PLCC and pin-compatible with the broader 68000 family. It implements a 32-bit programming model and 24-bit address bus on 16-bit external data, targeting cost-sensitive embedded applications that need full M68k instruction set without the full MC68000's bus width. The "E" suffix denotes a specified 16 MHz operating frequency, and the "116" suffix denotes the 68-pin PLCC package. An MPU (Microprocessor Unit) in the M68000 family is a CISC (Complex Instruction Set Computer) processor whose instruction set, register model, and exception architecture were designed by Motorola in 1979 and adopted across embedded, industrial, and aerospace designs for decades. The MC68EC000 sits in this family as the low-cost entry: it omits the MC68000's full 32-bit data bus and certain coprocessor signals, retaining the 32-bit internal registers and the same programmer's model, so that code written for the MC68000 also runs on the EC000. EC000 devices form the foundation of numerous legacy industrial controllers, arcade systems, and avionics subsystems. Key features of the MC68EC000E116 include a 16 MHz clock, an 8-bit external data bus (selectable via the A0/UDS/LDS pins), a 24-bit address bus supporting up to 16 MB of linear memory, seven CPU address spaces (user/supervisor + instruction/data), seven levels of interrupt priority, and a permissive memory-mapped architecture with TTL-compatible bus interface. The 68-pin PLCC package provides through-hole or socket-compatible mounting, easing field replacement and prototyping. Technically, the EC000 uses a microcoded bus controller, a two-line write buffer for instruction prefetch, and a vectored interrupt controller accepting seven autovector levels plus a separate spurious-interrupt vector. Its instruction timing is deterministic and measured in clock cycles (typically 4 cycles for MOVE, 8 for MULU), simplifying real-time scheduler design. The architecture supports the M68k supervisor/user privilege model with separate stack pointers (A7/SSP, A7/USP), which simplifies RTOS porting. Typical applications include industrial PLC and motion controllers, legacy aviation and military systems (with the corresponding -qualified variant), arcade gaming hardware, and educational/development platforms that leverage the M68k toolchain. It is also widely used to maintain installed-base equipment where 32-bit internal data manipulation is needed but external bus width can be reduced. When designing with the MC68EC000E116, designers should note that this is an older CMOS process part that requires TTL-level bus interfacing and 5 V supply. New designs should consider that the part is no longer recommended for new designs (NRND) and that the M68k family has largely been superseded by ColdFire and ARM Cortex-M devices for greenfield work, although the EC000 remains in production for long-life-cycle support. This page synthesizes distributor pricing, same-family drop-in alternatives, and practical design notes not found in the manufacturer datasheet, with content verified against authoritative sources as of 2026-10-17.

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Subcategorias

Produtos (39.000+)

MC68882CRC20A - 32-bit Floating-Point Coprocessor, 20 MHz | NXP

MC68882CRC25A - 25 MHz FPU Coprocessor, 68-PGA | Motorola

MC68882EI16A - 16MHz 68040 FPU Co-Processor | NXP PLCC-68

MC68882EI16AR - 16 MHz HCMOS FPU Co-Processor | NXP 68-PLCC

MC68882EI20A - 20MHz FPU Coprocessor for 68020 | NXP

MC68882EI25A - 25 MHz HCMOS FPU Coprocessor | NXP / Motorola

MC68882EI25AR - 25MHz 68882 FPU Co-Processor | 68-PLCC

MC68882RC16A - 16 MHz 68882 FPU Co-Processor | NXP/Motorola

MC68882RC20A - 32-Bit FPU Co-Processor 20MHz PGA-68 | Freescale

MC68882RC25A - 25MHz FPU Coprocessor | Motorola | PGA-68

MC68882RC33A - 33MHz 68040 FPU Co-Processor 68-PGA | NXP

MC68882RC40A - 40MHz 32-Bit FP Co-Processor 68-PGA | NXP Freescale

MC68882RC50A - 50MHz IEEE-754 FPU Coprocessor | Motorola PGA

MC68908GR16MFJE - 8-Bit HC08 MCU 16KB Flash 32-LQFP | NXP

MC68908GZ16MFJE - HC08 8-bit MCU 16KB Flash 32-LQFP | NXP

MC68908GZ16VFJE - 8-Bit 8MHz 16KB MCU | NXP | Industrial

MC68908GZ8MFAE - 8-Bit HC08 MCU, 8KB Flash, 48-LQFP | NXP

MC68908GZ8MFJE - 8-Bit HC08 MCU 8KB Flash 8MHz LQFP-32 | NXP

MC68A02CL Clocked Microprocessor | Rochester Electronics

MC68B21CP-G - Peripheral Interface I/O Expander | Rochester Electronics

MC68CK16Z1CAG16 - 16-Bit HC16 16MHz ROMless MCU | NXP

MC68EC000CAA10 - 32-Bit 10MHz EC000 MPU | NXP 64-QFP

MC68EC000CAA20 - 32-Bit 20MHz MPU, 64-QFP | NXP / Freescale

MC68EC000E116 - 16MHz EC000 32-bit MPU | Freescale/NXP | 68-PLCC