ATMEGA168-15AT - 8-bit AVR MCU 16MHz 16KB Flash | Microchip
MPN: ATMEGA168-15AT ✓ فعالATMEGA168-15AT جائزہ
An 8-bit AVR microcontroller is a single-chip computer based on the AVR enhanced RISC architecture, which executes most instructions in a single clock cycle. Within the power-management hierarchy, it belongs to the embedded microcontroller (MCU) class of integrated circuits, combining a processor core, program memory, data memory, and peripherals such as timers, USART, SPI, and I2C on one die. The ATmega family is a staple of cost-sensitive embedded control, including the classic Arduino platform.
Key features include 23 general-purpose I/O lines, 32 general-purpose working registers, read-while-write FLASH for in-system self-programming, and multiple sleep modes for low-power operation. The 16 MHz speed grade (suffix -15/-16 family class) delivers up to 16 MIPS throughput at 5 V.
Architecturally, the AVR core uses a Harvard structure with separate program and data buses and single-cycle ALU operation, providing deterministic real-time behavior favored in motor control and automotive body-electronics nodes.
Typical applications include automotive body control modules (leveraging AEC-Q100 qualification), industrial sensor nodes, and consumer embedded systems such as Arduino-compatible boards.
Design consideration: program the fuse bits correctly for clock source and BOD level; the -15 suffix speed rating must be observed versus supply voltage.
This page synthesizes distributor pricing, drop-in alternatives, pinout data, and practical design notes not found in the manufacturer datasheet.
کے لیے ڈراپ اِن متبادل ATMEGA168-15AT — یکساں پیکیج، پن سے پن مطابقت پذیر۔ مختلف پیکیج والے پرزے جن کے لیے PCB دوبارہ کام درکار ہو، شامل نہیں ہیں۔
اس سیریز میں مختلف ورژن
اسی سیریز کے ماڈلز جو ڈراپ اِن مطابقت رکھتے ہیں ATMEGA168-15AT (یکساں فارم فیکٹر اور فٹ پرنٹ) — میں مختلف Package, Core Architecture, ADC, Instruction Set, Timers.
ATMEGA168PA-AU
✅ ڈراپ-اِنقیمت کے لیے رابطہ کریں
ڈیٹا شیٹ دیکھیں →ATMEGA328P-AU
✅ ڈراپ-اِنقیمت کے لیے رابطہ کریں
ڈیٹا شیٹ دیکھیں →ATMEGA165PA-AU
✅ ڈراپ-اِن ⚠️ تفصیلات غیر تصدیق شدہقیمت کے لیے رابطہ کریں
ڈیٹا شیٹ دیکھیں →ATMEGA164P-15AT
✅ ڈراپ-اِنقیمت کے لیے رابطہ کریں
ڈیٹا شیٹ دیکھیں →ATMEGA164PA-AUR
✅ ڈراپ-اِنقیمت کے لیے رابطہ کریں
ڈیٹا شیٹ دیکھیں →ATMEGA164A-MU
✅ ڈراپ-اِنقیمت کے لیے رابطہ کریں
ڈیٹا شیٹ دیکھیں →ATMEGA168-15AT زیادہ سے زیادہ ریٹنگز اور برقی خصوصیات
| Core | AVR 8-bit RISC |
| Core Size | 8-bit |
| زیادہ سے زیادہ کلاک فریکوئنسی | 16 MHz |
| Program Memory Size | 16 KB (8K x 16) FLASH |
| Program Memory Type | ISP FLASH (read-while-write) |
| EEPROM Size | 512 B |
| SRAM Size | 1 KB |
| Number of I/O | 23 general purpose I/O lines |
| Working Registers | 32 general purpose |
| Supply Voltage Range | 2.7 V to 5.5 V |
| پیکیج | 32-TQFP (7x7 mm) |
| ماؤنٹنگ ٹائپ | Surface Mount |
| Qualification | AEC-Q100 (Automotive) |
| Series | AVR ATmega, Automotive |
| Interfaces | USART, SPI, I2C (TWI) |
| Timers | 3 (two 8-bit, one 16-bit) |
ATMEGA168-15AT پن کنفیگریشن
| پن 1 | PD3 — Port D bit 3 / INT1 external interrupt |
| پن 2 | PD4 — Port D bit 4 / XCK / T0 |
| پن 3 | GND — Ground |
| پن 4 | VCC — Digital supply voltage |
| پن 5 | GND — Ground |
| پن 6 | VCC — Digital supply voltage |
| پن 7 | PB6 — Port B bit 6 / XTAL1 (clock input) |
| پن 8 | PB7 — Port B bit 7 / XTAL2 (clock output) |
| پن 9 | PD5 — Port D bit 5 / T1 / OC0B |
| پن 10 | PD6 — Port D bit 6 / AIN0 / OC0A |
| پن 11 | PD7 — Port D bit 7 / AIN1 |
| پن 12 | PB0 — Port B bit 0 / ICP1 / CLKO |
| پن 13 | PB1 — Port B bit 1 / OC1A |
| پن 14 | PB2 — Port B bit 2 / SS / OC1B |
| پن 15 | PB3 — Port B bit 3 / MOSI / OC2A |
| پن 16 | PB4 — Port B bit 4 / MISO |
| پن 17 | PB5 — Port B bit 5 / SCK |
| پن 18 | AVCC — ADC supply voltage |
| پن 19 | AREF — ADC analog reference |
| پن 20 | PB5 — Alternate function position per family mux - NC in some package drawings (verify) |
| پن 21 | PC0 — Port C bit 0 / ADC0 |
| پن 22 | PC1 — Port C bit 1 / ADC1 |
| پن 23 | PC2 — Port C bit 2 / ADC2 |
| پن 24 | PC3 — Port C bit 3 / ADC3 |
| پن 25 | PC4 — Port C bit 4 / ADC4 / SDA |
| پن 26 | PC5 — Port C bit 5 / ADC5 / SCL |
| پن 27 | PC6 — Port C bit 6 / RESET (active low) |
| پن 28 | PD0 — Port D bit 0 / RXD (USART) |
| پن 29 | PD1 — Port D bit 1 / TXD (USART) |
| پن 30 | PD2 — Port D bit 2 / INT0 / RXD1 |
| پن 31 | PC0 — ADC0 alternate position per some package drawings - verify against datasheet |
| پن 32 | AGND — Analog ground (ADC) |
عام استعمالات
ATMEGA168-15AT کے لیے موزوں ہے 6 ایپلیکیشنs: Automotive Body Electronics, Arduino-Compatible Embedded Systems, Industrial Sensor Nodes, Motor Control and PWM Actuation, Consumer Appliance Control, Battery-Powered IoT End Nodes.
Automotive Body Electronics
The ATMEGA168-15AT fits automotive body control nodes such as window lifts, lighting modules, and seat controllers because it is AEC-Q100 qualified and runs at up to 16 MIPS from a 2.7 V to 5.5 V rail tolerant of load-dump-degraded supplies. Its 23 GPIO lines drive relays and read switches directly, while the USART and LIN-compatible UART reduce wiring in distributed body networks. In a typical node, the MCU polls switches via its 10-bit ADC and timers, drives LED loads through PWM, and sleeps in power-down mode between events to meet key-off current budgets. Unlike consumer-grade 8-bit MCUs, the automotive screening removes the need for separate qualification of a non-automotive part in the same socket, shortening PPAP cycles.
تجویز کردہ
Arduino-Compatible Embedded Systems
The ATMEGA168-15AT is the original MCU class behind the Arduino Diecimila/Decimilia-era boards, making it a natural fit for Arduino-compatible designs that must remain cost-optimized. The 16 KB FLASH accommodates the Optiboot-class bootloader with about 14 KB left for sketches, the 1 KB SRAM handles typical sensor buffering, and read-while-write FLASH enables runtime self-programming for parameter storage emulation. ISP programming over the SPI pins integrates with standard AVR ISP programmers, and MiniCore-style core packages support the ATmega168 directly. Designers needing more headroom can drop in the pin-compatible ATMEGA328P-AU on the identical TQFP-32 footprint without board respin, preserving socket compatibility across cost and capacity tiers.
تجویز کردہ
Industrial Sensor Nodes
In industrial sensing and monitoring nodes, the ATMEGA168-15AT pairs its 10-bit ADC and 23 GPIO with USART, SPI, and TWI interfaces to digitize sensors and stream data over RS-485 or legacy serial links. The 16 MHz RISC core executes most instructions in one cycle, giving deterministic sampling intervals for PID-type control loops, while multiple sleep modes let battery-backed nodes meet multi-year life targets. The 512 B EEPROM stores calibration coefficients that survive power loss without external memory. Compared with 32-bit MCUs, the AVR's simple single-supply 2.7 V to 5.5 V operation and 5 V-tolerant I/O simplify interfacing with legacy 24 V-logic-conditioned industrial signals through optocouplers and comparators, reducing bill-of-materials complexity in retrofit equipment.
تجویز کردہ
Motor Control and PWM Actuation
The ATMEGA168-15AT suits small DC and stepper motor control through its two 8-bit and one 16-bit timer/PWM channels, which generate complementary or phase-correct PWM at kilohertz rates with hardware precision independent of software jitter. The 16 MIPS single-cycle core closes current or speed loops in software at several-kilohertz bandwidths, and the analog comparator plus ADC support back-EMF sensing for sensorless operation. Its AEC-Q100 qualification extends these capabilities into automotive actuator modules such as flap and pump drivers. Because dead-time insertion can be handled in the 16-bit timer's output-compare units, external gate-driver logic stays minimal; designers should budget SRAM carefully, as the 1 KB capacity limits the complexity of advanced field-oriented schemes.
تجویز کردہ
Consumer Appliance Control
White-goods and small-appliance control panels are a classic fit for the ATMEGA168-15AT: the 2.7 V to 5.5 V supply accepts cost-reduced unregulated derived rails, the 10-bit ADC reads NTC thermistors and user potentiometers, and the TWI interface drives segment LCD or EEPROM companion chips. The 23 GPIO lines directly scan membrane keypads and drive triac/buzzer outputs, while watchdog and brown-out detector features maintain safety in noisy motor-driven environments. The 32-TQFP (7x7 mm) package balances hand-assembly feasibility for pilot runs with automated placement in volume. Its long-standing availability in the AVR ATmega family also simplifies multi-year appliance service-parts strategies compared with faster-obsoleted consumer MCUs.
تجویز کردہ
Battery-Powered IoT End Nodes
For coin-cell or single-cell Li-ion IoT endpoints, the ATMEGA168-15AT (or its picoPower sibling ATMEGA168PA-AU on the same footprint) combines power-down sleep modes with a 16 MHz active mode that wakes, samples, and transmits in milliseconds. The TWI and SPI interfaces connect to RF modules and MEMS sensors, while the 512 B EEPROM retains device configuration across battery swaps. Running from 2.7 V to 5.5 V allows direct operation from three alkaline cells or a boosted rail without an LDO in cost-optimized designs. Firmware should disable unused peripherals and use the asynchronous Timer2 with a 32.768 kHz crystal for accurate low-power timekeeping - a standard AVR pattern documented in Microchip application notes.
تجویز کردہ
تجویز کردہ پروڈکٹس کا خلاصہ
کے لیے انجینئرنگ ریفرنس ڈیٹا ATMEGA168-15AT — موازنہ، ڈیزائن رہنمائی، اور تعمیل کی معلومات۔
انتخاب کی گائیڈ
متبادلات کے ساتھ موازنہ
| پیرامیٹر | یہ پروڈکٹ | ATMEGA168PA-AU | ATMEGA328P-AU | ATMEGA164P-15AT |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Package | 32-TQFP (7x7) | 32-TQFP (7x7) - same | 32-TQFP (7x7) - same | 32-TQFP (7x7) - same |
| Brand | Microchip Technology (Atmel) | Microchip Technology | Microchip Technology | Microchip Technology |
| Core / Speed | AVR 8-bit, 16 MHz | AVR 8-bit, 20 MHz | AVR 8-bit, 20 MHz | AVR 8-bit, 16 MHz |
| FLASH | 16 KB | 16 KB | 32 KB | 16 KB |
| SRAM | 1 KB | 1 KB | 2 KB | 1 KB |
| EEPROM | 512 B | 512 B | 1 KB | 1 KB |
| JTAG Debug | No | No | No | Yes |
اہم امتیازی خصوصیات
- AEC-Q100 automotive qualification (بمقابلہATMEGA168PA-AU)
- Lowest cost per function in the footprint (بمقابلہATMEGA328P-AU)
- On-chip JTAG debugging available in same footprint (بمقابلہATMEGA164P-15AT)
ڈیزائن نوٹس
Fuse configuration is the most common source of ATmega168 field failures. Setting CKSEL fuses for an external crystal on a board with no crystal, or disabling SPIEN, permanently bricks ISP access. Always program fuses before soldering test boards into final assemblies, verify with a programmer read-back, and set the brown-out detector (BOD) to 2.7 V for 5 V systems to prevent EEPROM corruption during brown-out events. Estimated: a BOD-enabled design typically adds negligible current (<20 uA) versus full power-down.
Place a 100 nF ceramic decoupling capacitor directly across each VCC/GND pin pair (pins 4/3/5/6 region of the TQFP-32) plus a 100 nF capacitor at AVCC pin 18 with a series 10 uH ferrite or low-value resistor from VCC to AVCC to keep digital noise out of the ADC. Route the AREF node with a 100 nF capacitor to ground and keep analog traces away from the crystal circuit. The exposed center of the 7x7 mm TQFP region should be a solid ground pour with via stitching.
Speed derates with supply voltage on AVR devices: the 16 MHz rating applies at 5 V; at 3.3 V the safe maximum is lower per the datasheet speed-versus-VCC curve. Estimated rule of thumb from the classic AVR curve: below ~4.5 V, derate to roughly 13.3 MHz at 4.5 V and about 8 MHz at 3.3 V to keep margin. Always confirm against the official graph in the Microchip family datasheet before fixing your clock source, especially for automotive designs with cold-crank supply sag.
تعمیل کی معلومات
AEC-Q100 qualification confirmed by DigiKey and Microchip USA listings (Series: Automotive, AEC-Q100, AVR ATmega). RoHS/REACH/lead-free status not stated in provided data - verify on the Microchip product page.