PIC16F721-E/ML - 8-bit 16MHz 7KB Flash MCU | 20-QFN | Microchip
MPN: PIC16F721-E/ML ✓ Hoạt độngPIC16F721-E/ML Tóm tắt
What is a PIC16 microcontroller? PIC16 is a family of 8-bit microcontrollers from Microchip Technology built on a Harvard RISC architecture with a small, fixed instruction set optimized for embedded control. Within the semiconductor taxonomy, PIC16 sits below 32-bit ARM Cortex-M parts and above simple 8-bit 8051 cores, occupying the mid-range tier for cost-sensitive, low-power applications. The 'nanoWatt XLP' technology on the PIC16F721 extends battery life in always-on designs by aggressively gating peripherals during sleep.
Key features of the PIC16F721-E/ML include 7 KB flash (4K x 14 words), an internal 16 MHz oscillator, an 8-channel 10-bit ADC, and 25 mA source/sink I/O capability, with I2C, SPI, and AUSART serial interfaces plus a Capture/Compare/PWM (CCP) module. The -E suffix denotes the extended (-40C to +125C) operating temperature range required by industrial and outdoor applications. The 20-QFN EP package is the smallest footprint option for this part and includes a thermal pad for improved dissipation at high GPIO loads.
Typical applications for the PIC16F721-E/ML include consumer appliance control, battery-powered sensor hubs, LED lighting controllers, low-cost motor control, and industrial automation peripherals. The integrated 10-bit ADC, CCP PWM, and AUSART allow designers to replace multiple discrete components with a single MCU, reducing BOM cost while the 16 MHz core provides ample headroom for sensor-fusion loops.
When designing with this part, place a 100 nF decoupling capacitor within 5 mm of the VDD pin and connect the exposed pad to a ground pour of at least 10x10 mm for thermal relief. The 25 mA source/sink rating allows direct LED drive without external transistors on most GPIOs, simplifying PCB layout.
Bộ thay thế dễ dàng lắp đặt cho PIC16F721-E/ML — cùng gói, chân-to-chân tương thích. Các bộ phận yêu cầu hàn PCB bị loại trừ.
Các biến thể trong loạt này
Các mẫu cùng loạt có thể lắp đặt dễ dàng tương thích với PIC16F721-E/ML (cùng hình factor và footprint) — khác nhau ở Package, Timers, ADC, Core Architecture, Instruction Set.
PIC16F721-I/ML
✅ Drop-InLiên hệ để biết giá
Xem tài liệu →PIC16F720-I/ML
✅ Drop-InLiên hệ để biết giá
Xem tài liệu →PIC16F720-E/ML
✅ Drop-In📋 Tham chiếu thay thế (không có trong danh mục)
PIC16F882-I/ML
✅ Drop-In📋 Tham chiếu thay thế (không có trong danh mục)
PIC16F631-I/ML
✅ Drop-InLiên hệ để biết giá
Xem tài liệu →PIC16F721-E/ML Tỷ lệ tối đa & tính chất điện
| Core Architecture | PIC16 (8-bit RISC, Harvard) |
| Instruction Set | 35 single-word instructions |
| Instruction Execution Time | 200 ns at 16 MHz |
| Program Memory (Flash) | 7 KB (4K x 14 words) |
| Data EEPROM | 128 bytes (non-volatile data storage) |
| Stack Levels | 8 |
| Operating Frequency | 16 MHz (internal oscillator) |
| Điện áp cung cấp | 2.5 V / 3.3 V / 5 V |
| Nhiệt độ hoạt động | -40C to +125C (extended, -E suffix) |
| ADC | 12-channel 8-bit |
| Timers | Two 8-bit (TMR0/TMR2), One 16-bit (TMR1) |
| Communication Peripherals | I2C, SPI, AUSART |
| PWM Modules | CCP (Capture/Compare/PWM) |
| I/O Drive Strength | 25 mA source/sink |
| Watchdog Timer | Yes (WDT) |
| Reset Sources | POR (Power-on Reset), BOR (Brown-Out Reset) |
| Hộp | 20-pin QFN (4x4 mm) with Exposed Pad |
| Kiểu lắp đặt | Surface Mount |
| Technology | nanoWatt XLP (eXtreme Low Power) |
| Programming | In-Circuit Serial Programming (ICSP) |
| Cấp MSL | 3 (168 hours) |
Cấu hình chân PIC16F721-E/ML
| Chân 1 | RA0/AN0/C1IN+/ICSPDAT — GPIO RA0 / ADC ch0 / comparator input / ICSP data |
| Chân 2 | RA1/AN1/C1IN-/ICSPCLK — GPIO RA1 / ADC ch1 / comparator input / ICSP clock |
| Chân 3 | RA2/AN2/C1OUT — GPIO RA2 / ADC ch2 / comparator output |
| Chân 4 | RA3/AN3/VREF+/C1IN+ — GPIO RA3 / ADC ch3 / VREF+ / comparator input |
| Chân 5 | RA4/AN4/T0CKI/C2OUT — GPIO RA4 / ADC ch4 / TMR0 clock / comparator output |
| Chân 6 | RA5/AN5/SS/HLVDIN — GPIO RA5 / ADC ch5 / SPI slave select / HLVD input |
| Chân 7 | VSS — Ground reference |
| Chân 8 | RB0/AN12/INT — GPIO RB0 / ADC ch12 / external interrupt |
| Chân 9 | RB1/AN10/C2IN+ — GPIO RB1 / ADC ch10 / comparator input |
| Chân 10 | RB2/AN8/C2IN-/P1B — GPIO RB2 / ADC ch8 / comparator input / PWM output |
| Chân 11 | RB3/AN9/CCP1/P1A — GPIO RB3 / ADC ch9 / CCP1 / PWM output |
| Chân 12 | RB4/AN11/SDA — GPIO RB4 / ADC ch11 / I2C data |
| Chân 13 | RB5/AN7/SCL/CCP2 — GPIO RB5 / ADC ch7 / I2C clock / CCP2 |
| Chân 14 | RB6/ICSPCLK — GPIO RB6 / ICSP clock / debug |
| Chân 15 | RB7/ICSPDAT/TX/CK — GPIO RB7 / ICSP data / AUSART TX/CK |
| Chân 16 | RC0/SOSCO — GPIO RC0 / secondary oscillator output |
| Chân 17 | RC1/SOSCI — GPIO RC1 / secondary oscillator input |
| Chân 18 | RC2/AN6/CK — GPIO RC2 / ADC ch6 / AUSART clock |
| Chân 19 | RC3/AN7/DT — GPIO RC3 / ADC ch7 / AUSART data |
| Chân 20 | VDD — Positive supply voltage (2.0-5.5 V) |
| Chân 21 | EP — Exposed thermal pad - connect to VDD/VSS (see datasheet) |
Ứng dụng tiêu biểu
PIC16F721-E/ML phù hợp cho 7 Áp dụngs: Consumer Appliance Control, Battery-Powered Sensor Hub, LED Lighting Controllers, Low-Cost BLDC Motor Control, Industrial Automation Peripherals, Automotive Cabin Electronics, HVAC Thermostat Controller.
Consumer Appliance Control
The PIC16F721-E/ML's 25 mA source/sink I/O drives relay coils and triac interfaces directly, eliminating external transistors in washing-machine and dishwasher boards. The 7 KB flash holds appliance state-machine code plus a small UI loop, while the 12-channel ADC reads temperature, level, and motor-current sensors. Its 2.0-5.5 V supply range supports direct connection to rectified 3.3 V or 5 V rails, and nanoWatt XLP keeps standby power below 100 nA for energy-star compliance in always-on appliances.
Được đề xuất
Battery-Powered Sensor Hub
The PIC16F721-E/ML's nanoWatt XLP technology drops quiescent current below 100 nA in sleep, extending coin-cell life in wireless sensor nodes. The 12-channel ADC multiplexes temperature, humidity, and PIR sensors, while I2C/SPI connect to an external radio or EEPROM. The 16 MHz core wakes and runs sensor-fusion code in milliseconds before returning to sleep. The extended -40C to +125C range supports outdoor deployments in unheated enclosures.
Được đề xuất
LED Lighting Controllers
The PIC16F721-E/ML drives constant-current LED strings via the CCP Capture/Compare/PWM module with 10-bit resolution, supporting dimming curves and color-temperature mixing for tunable-white luminaires. The 25 mA I/O sinks MOSFET gates directly, removing driver ICs in 12 V and 24 V LED strips. AUSART enables DMX-512 or DALI bridge implementations, and 7 KB flash stores lighting profiles and DMX address tables. Extended -40C to +125C operation handles outdoor fixture temperatures.
Được đề xuất
Low-Cost BLDC Motor Control
The PIC16F721-E/ML generates complementary PWM via the CCP module to drive a 3-phase inverter for small brushless DC fans and pumps. Its 12-channel ADC samples back-EMF at zero-crossing for sensorless commutation, and the 16 MHz instruction cycle yields a 200 ns loop time fast enough for 50,000 RPM fan control. The 25 mA I/O drives low-side N-FETs directly; high-side drive uses a bootstrap or gate-driver. The 7 KB flash holds the state-machine and lookup tables.
Được đề xuất
Industrial Automation Peripherals
The PIC16F721-E/ML acts as a smart I/O expander or protocol bridge on industrial PLC backplanes. Its AUSART and I2C/SPI interfaces talk to host controllers, while the 25 mA I/O directly drives opto-couplers and 24 V logic interfaces. The extended -40C to +125C temperature grade handles cabinet-temperature swings in uncooled industrial enclosures. The 12-channel ADC reads 4-20 mA current-loop sensors via external shunt resistors for distributed analog monitoring.
Được đề xuất
Automotive Cabin Electronics
The PIC16F721-E/ML fits non-safety automotive-cabin applications such as HVAC flap control, mirror adjusters, and seat-position memory modules. The 12-channel ADC reads potentiometers and NTC thermistors, while PWM drives small brushed motors via H-bridges. Note: the standard PIC16F721-E/ML is NOT AEC-Q100 qualified; for AEC-Q100 automotive applications use PIC16F1824-I/ML or PIC16F1936-I/ML with explicit automotive-grade marking instead of -E/ML industrial-grade.
Được đề xuất
HVAC Thermostat Controller
The PIC16F721-E/ML's 12-channel ADC multiplexes multiple NTC thermistors for multi-zone temperature sensing, while the CCP module drives thermostatic relay outputs or 0-10 V actuator signals. The 7 KB flash holds scheduling, hysteresis, and adaptive-control algorithms; AUSART enables WiFi/BLE module attachment for smart-thermostat cloud connectivity. The -40C to +125C extended range survives attic and outdoor-wall mounting in cold-climate installations.
Được đề xuất
Tóm tắt các sản phẩm được đề xuất
Dữ liệu tham khảo kỹ thuật cho PIC16F721-E/ML — so sánh, hướng dẫn thiết kế và thông tin tuân thủ.
Hướng dẫn chọn lựa
So sánh với các sản phẩm thay thế
| Tham số | Sản phẩm này | PIC16F721-I/ML | PIC16F720-I/ML | PIC16F720-E/ML | PIC16F631-I/ML |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Brand | Microchip Technology | Microchip Technology | Microchip Technology | Microchip Technology | Microchip Technology |
| Package | 20-QFN (4x4) EP | 20-QFN (4x4) EP - same | 20-QFN (4x4) EP - same | 20-QFN (4x4) EP - same | 20-QFN (4x4) EP - same |
| Program Flash | 7 KB (4K x 14) | 7 KB | 3.8 KB (-46%) | 3.8 KB (-46%) | 1.75 KB (-75%) |
| Operating Temperature | -40C to +125C (extended) | -40C to +85C (industrial) | -40C to +85C (industrial) | -40C to +125C (extended) | -40C to +85C (industrial) |
| Core / Frequency | PIC16 8-bit / 16 MHz | PIC16 8-bit / 16 MHz | PIC16 8-bit / 16 MHz | PIC16 8-bit / 16 MHz | PIC16 8-bit / 20 MHz |
| I/O Drive | — | 25 mA | 25 mA | 25 mA | 25 mA |
| Unit Price (qty 1000) | ~$1.95 | ~$1.95 | ~$1.65 | ~$1.85 | ~$0.80 |
Bảo phân biệt quan trọng
- Highest flash density in PIC16F720/721 family (vsPIC16F720-E/ML)
- Extended temperature grade (-40C to +125C) (vsPIC16F721-I/ML)
- More flash than PIC16F631 family with same package (vsPIC16F631-I/ML)
- Higher GPIO drive strength than competing 8-bit MCUs (vsPIC16F677-I/ML)
Ghi chú thiết kế
Place a 100 nF decoupling capacitor within 5 mm of the VDD pin (pin 20) and add a 10 uF bulk capacitor on the main supply rail. The 20-QFN exposed pad must be soldered to a ground copper pour of at least 10x10 mm to provide thermal relief and a low-inductance ground return. For battery-powered designs, leverage the nanoWatt XLP sleep modes to drop quiescent current below 100 nA.
The 20-QFN EP package (4x4 mm body, 0.5 mm pitch) requires careful PCB layout. Use 0.25 mm-wide traces between QFN pads and a via-in-pad or microvia array under the exposed pad to maximize thermal and electrical connection. Keep analog ADC traces short and away from PWM switching nodes (RC4/CCP1) to minimize digital-noise coupling into sensor readings.
The PIC16F721-E/ML is extended-temp industrial grade (-40C to +125C), NOT AEC-Q100 qualified for automotive safety applications. For under-hood or automotive safety-critical designs, select a -Q1 suffix part instead. Also note: the datasheet ADC is summarized as 12-channel 8-bit in some product summaries and 10-bit elsewhere - always cross-check the specific datasheet revision for the bit-width and acquisition time before designing the analog front-end.
The 25 mA source/sink I/O rating is much higher than typical CMOS logic; however, this is per-pin with a package total limit. Avoid driving all 17 I/O pins at 25 mA simultaneously as the package will exceed thermal limits. For LED-driving designs, multiplex LEDs in software or use external driver ICs to keep total GPIO current under 100 mA continuous.
Thông tin tuân thủ
RoHS compliant per Microchip product page. The -E suffix indicates extended industrial temperature (-40C to +125C) but is NOT AEC-Q100 qualified for automotive safety applications. For AEC-Q100, select -Q1 suffix variants.
