PIC16F721T-I/SO - 8-Bit MCU, 7KB Flash, 16MHz, 20-SOIC | Microchip
MPN: PIC16F721T-I/SO ✓ Hoạt độngPIC16F721T-I/SO Tóm tắt
A microcontroller (MCU) is a single-chip computer that integrates a CPU, RAM, non-volatile program memory, and peripheral interfaces. The PIC16F721 belongs to the 8-bit microcontroller hierarchy (microcontroller -> MCU -> embedded controller -> semiconductor IC) and sits within Microchip's PIC16 mid-range family, optimized for low-power, cost-sensitive designs that need more analog and communication peripherals than entry-level PIC10/PIC12 devices but do not require a 16-bit or 32-bit core.
Key features include a 12-channel 8-bit ADC for sensor acquisition, an 8-bit Capture/Compare/PWM (CCP) module for timing and motor control, two 8-bit timers (TMR0/TMR2) and one 16-bit timer (TMR1), 25mA source/sink I/O drive, and brown-out reset plus power-on reset for robust startup. The integrated nanoWatt XLP technology provides ultra-low sleep currents for battery-powered applications.
The device operates across 2.0V to 5.5V supply and is qualified to the industrial -40C to +85C temperature range. Its SOIC-20 footprint simplifies hand-soldered prototyping while remaining compatible with automated SMT assembly, and ICSP (In-Circuit Serial Programming) allows firmware updates without removing the device from the board.
Typical applications include consumer appliance control, sensor interface nodes, low-speed motor drivers, LED lighting controllers, and battery-powered IoT sensor endpoints. The wide voltage range and nanoWatt XLP make it suitable for battery-backed always-on designs such as remote controls and security sensors.
Design trade-offs include limited 7KB program memory, which constrains code complexity; engineers targeting larger firmware should evaluate the PIC16F722/PIC16F723 family for 14KB/7KB alternatives or step up to PIC18. Pin 1 reset/ICSP routing must be respected to allow in-circuit programming without removing the device.
This page synthesizes distributor pricing, drop-in replacement candidates, and practical design notes not consolidated in the manufacturer datasheet alone.
Bộ thay thế dễ dàng lắp đặt cho PIC16F721T-I/SO — cùng gói, chân-to-chân tương thích. Các bộ phận yêu cầu hàn PCB bị loại trừ.
Các biến thể trong loạt này
Các mẫu cùng loạt có thể lắp đặt dễ dàng tương thích với PIC16F721T-I/SO (cùng hình factor và footprint) — khác nhau ở Package, I/O Pins, ADC, Operating Temperature, Timers.
PIC16F721-I/SO
✅ Drop-InLiên hệ để biết giá
Xem tài liệu →PIC16F721T-E/SO
✅ Drop-In📋 Tham chiếu thay thế (không có trong danh mục)
PIC16F721T-I/SS
✅ Drop-InLiên hệ để biết giá
Xem tài liệu →PIC16F720T-I/SO
✅ Drop-InLiên hệ để biết giá
Xem tài liệu →PIC16F716T-I/SO
✅ Drop-InLiên hệ để biết giá
Xem tài liệu →PIC16F690-I/SO
✅ Drop-InLiên hệ để biết giá
Xem tài liệu →PIC16F721T-I/SO Tỷ lệ tối đa & tính chất điện
| Core Architecture | PIC16 Enhanced Mid-Range 8-bit |
| Instruction Set | 35 instructions, 8-level stack |
| Program Memory (Flash) | 7 KB (4K x 14 words) |
| Data SRAM | 256 bytes |
| EEPROM Data Memory | 128 bytes (non-volatile) |
| Maximum CPU Clock | 16 MHz (internal oscillator) |
| Supply Voltage (VDD) | 2.0 V to 5.5 V |
| I/O Pins | 18 (bidirectional, 25 mA source/sink) |
| ADC | 12-channel, 8-bit |
| Serial Interfaces | I²C, SPI, AUSART |
| Timers | TMR0 (8-bit), TMR1 (16-bit), TMR2 (8-bit) |
| CCP Modules | 1x Capture/Compare/PWM |
| Watchdog Timer | Yes (WDT) |
| Resets | Power-on Reset (POR), Brown-out Reset (BOR) |
| Programming Interface | ICSP (In-Circuit Serial Programming) |
| Low-Power Feature | nanoWatt XLP technology |
| Khoảng nhiệt độ hoạt động | -40 C to +85 C (Industrial) |
| Hộp | 20-pin SOIC (300 mil) |
| Kiểu lắp đặt | Surface Mount |
| Cấp MSL | MSL1 (per JEDEC J-STD-020) |
| Trạng thái RoHS | Compliant |
Cấu hình chân PIC16F721T-I/SO
| Chân 1 | RA3/MCLR#/VPP — Digital I/O / Master Clear (Reset, active low) / Programming voltage input |
| Chân 2 | RA4/AN3/C1OUT — Digital I/O / ADC channel 3 input / Comparator 1 output |
| Chân 3 | RA5/AN4/SS1 — Digital I/O / ADC channel 4 input / SPI Slave Select |
| Chân 4 | RA6/OSC2/CLKOUT — Digital I/O / Crystal oscillator output / Fosc clock output |
| Chân 5 | RA7/OSC1/CLKIN — Digital I/O / Crystal oscillator input / External clock input |
| Chân 6 | VSS — Ground reference |
| Chân 7 | RB0/AN12/INT — Digital I/O / ADC channel 12 input / External interrupt |
| Chân 8 | RB1/AN10 — Digital I/O / ADC channel 10 input |
| Chân 9 | RB2/AN8 — Digital I/O / ADC channel 8 input |
| Chân 10 | RB3/AN9/CCP1 — Digital I/O / ADC channel 9 input / Capture/Compare/PWM output |
| Chân 11 | RB4/AN11 — Digital I/O / ADC channel 11 input |
| Chân 12 | RB5 — Digital I/O |
| Chân 13 | RB6/PGC — Digital I/O / ICSP serial clock |
| Chân 14 | RB7/PGD — Digital I/O / ICSP serial data |
| Chân 15 | RA0/AN0 — Digital I/O / ADC channel 0 input |
| Chân 16 | RA1/AN1 — Digital I/O / ADC channel 1 input |
| Chân 17 | RA2/AN2 — Digital I/O / ADC channel 2 input |
| Chân 18 | RC0 — Digital I/O |
| Chân 19 | RC1 — Digital I/O |
| Chân 20 | VDD — Positive supply voltage (2.0 V to 5.5 V) |
Ứng dụng tiêu biểu
PIC16F721T-I/SO phù hợp cho 6 Áp dụngs: Consumer Appliance Control, Battery-Powered Sensor Node, LED Lighting Controller, Remote Control / IR Transmitter, Low-Speed Motor / Fan Controller, Industrial Sensor / Process Monitor.
Consumer Appliance Control
The PIC16F721T-I/SO fits consumer appliance controllers because its 7 KB Flash holds sensor-acquisition, button-debounce, and triac-driving firmware while its 2.0-5.5 V VDD range accepts direct 3.3 V or rectified 5 V rails without level shifters. The 18 I/O pins at 25 mA source/sink can directly drive LED indicators and relay coils, eliminating external transistors. nanoWatt XLP keeps standby current under 1 uA, which matters for Energy Star appliance ratings. Compared with a discrete 8051 design, the integrated 12-channel 8-bit ADC consolidates temperature, humidity, and current-sensing inputs into one chip. Pair with a TRIAC optocoupler (MOC3021) for AC load switching; firmware updates via ICSP simplify factory programming and field recalls.
Được đề xuất
Battery-Powered Sensor Node
The PIC16F721T-I/SO is well-suited to wireless or wired sensor nodes powered by 2x AA or coin cells. Its nanoWatt XLP technology delivers sub-microamp sleep current, allowing years of life on a primary cell when the MCU spends most of its time dormant between measurements. The 12-channel 8-bit ADC reads thermistor, photocell, and battery-voltage signals directly, while the I²C/SPI/AUSART peripherals connect to NTC temperature sensors, accelerometers, or LoRa transceivers. The 128-byte non-volatile EEPROM stores calibration constants that survive battery swaps, and the internal 16 MHz oscillator eliminates the need for an external crystal, saving board area. BOR/POR ensure a clean wake-up after deep discharge.
Được đề xuất
LED Lighting Controller
The PIC16F721T-I/SO drives LED fixtures by combining its 8-bit CCP PWM channel with 18 I/O capable of 25 mA each, allowing direct FET gate drive for dimming MOSFETs. The 7 KB Flash stores DMX or 0-10 V dimming protocol stacks and color-mixing algorithms, while the 8-bit ADC samples ambient light for daylight harvesting. nanoWatt XLP keeps standby current low for always-on fixtures; BOR protects against brown-out flicker during AC mains sag. The SOIC-20 package is hand-solderable, easing custom fixture prototyping. SPI/AUSART peripherals interface to constant-current LED driver ICs such as the TLC5940 for higher-channel-count installations.
Được đề xuất
Remote Control / IR Transmitter
Line-of-sight IR remote controls leverage the PIC16F721T-I/SO's AUSART for IR modulation, internal 16 MHz oscillator for accurate carrier frequencies (36/38/40 kHz), and 2.0-5.5 V VDD that accepts direct 3 V coin-cell battery power. The 7 KB Flash holds complete RC5/RC6/Sony or proprietary IR protocol stacks with button matrix scanning, while nanoWatt XLP draws < 1 uA in sleep between button presses, giving multi-year battery life. The 18 I/O pins easily accommodate a 4x4 keypad matrix plus IR LED drive. Hardware CCP generates precise 38 kHz PWM without CPU overhead, freeing the core for protocol encoding and battery-voltage monitoring.
Được đề xuất
Low-Speed Motor / Fan Controller
Brushed DC and small stepper motor controllers fit the PIC16F721T-I/SO's capabilities. The 8-bit CCP generates PWM for H-bridge drive, while the 8-bit ADC reads back-EMF or current-sense signals from the motor bridge. The PIC16 mid-range instruction set executes the PID loop in 35 single-cycle instructions, and the 16 MHz clock gives 4 MIPS performance for responsive closed-loop control. nanoWatt XLP helps battery-operated robotics, while 25 mA I/O sink/source eliminates predrivers for small logic-level FETs. AUSART is used for command inputs from a host controller or Bluetooth module.
Được đề xuất
Industrial Sensor / Process Monitor
Industrial 4-20 mA loop-powered or 24 V sensor transmitters use the PIC16F721T-I/SO for digital signal conditioning. The 12-channel 8-bit ADC simultaneously samples multiple 4-20 mA inputs via shunt resistors, while the AUSART converts to Modbus RTU on RS-485 via external transceiver. The 128-byte EEPROM stores calibration and unit-tag data, and the industrial -40 to +85 C temperature grade handles panel-mounted equipment. nanoWatt XLP is critical for loop-powered 4-20 mA transmitters where the entire transmitter is fed from 3-4 mA quiescent current. ICSP allows firmware updates in hazardous areas without removing the sensor.
Được đề xuất
Tóm tắt các sản phẩm được đề xuất
Dữ liệu tham khảo kỹ thuật cho PIC16F721T-I/SO — so sánh, hướng dẫn thiết kế và thông tin tuân thủ.
Hướng dẫn chọn lựa
So sánh với các sản phẩm thay thế
| Tham số | Sản phẩm này | PIC16F721-I/SO | PIC16F721T-E/SO | PIC16F720T-I/SO | PIC16F716T-I/SO | PIC16F690-I/SO |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Brand | Microchip Technology | Microchip Technology | Microchip Technology | Microchip Technology | Microchip Technology | Microchip Technology |
| Package | SOIC-20 | SOIC-20 - same | SOIC-20 - same | SOIC-20 - same | SOIC-20 - same | SOIC-20 - same |
| Flash Memory | 7 KB | 7 KB | 7 KB | 3.5 KB (-50%) | 7 KB | 7 KB |
| SRAM | 256 B | 256 B | 256 B | 128 B (-50%) | 128 B (-50%) | 256 B |
| Max CPU Clock | 16 MHz | 16 MHz | 16 MHz | 16 MHz | 20 MHz | 20 MHz |
| Operating Voltage | 2.0 V to 5.5 V | 2.0 V to 5.5 V | 2.0 V to 5.5 V | 2.0 V to 5.5 V | 2.0 V to 5.5 V | 2.0 V to 5.5 V |
| Temperature Grade | -40C to +85C (Industrial) | -40C to +85C (Industrial) | -40C to +125C (Extended) | -40C to +85C (Industrial) | -40C to +85C (Industrial) | -40C to +85C (Industrial) |
| ADC Count (incremental) | Free Stock | Free Stock | Free Stock | Free Stock | Free Stock | Free Stock |
Bảo phân biệt quan trọng
- Industrial temperature grade with extended supply range to 2.0 V (vsPIC16F721T-E/SO)
- Larger Flash and SRAM than mid-tier cousins (vsPIC16F720T-I/SO)
- Higher ADC channel count with nanoWatt XLP low-power feature (vsPIC16F716T-I/SO)
Ghi chú thiết kế
Place a 100 nF decoupling capacitor as close as possible to the VDD pin (pin 20) and a bulk 10 uF capacitor at the board power-entry point. For noise-sensitive ADC measurements, add a 10 uF + 100 nF pair on AVDD (if used separately) to keep supply ripple below 1 LSB of the 8-bit ADC (about 20 mV at 5 V VREF). When the design is battery-powered, gate unused peripherals via firmware to minimize active current; nanoWatt XLP sleep current stays below 1 uA with WDT disabled.
Always include a 10 kohm pull-up on MCLR#/RA3 (pin 1) to ensure clean reset behavior. The PIC16F721 needs MCLR held high to run; floating MCLR can cause erratic resets in electrically noisy environments. Do not connect MCLR directly to VDD without the resistor - the ICSP programmer requires control of MCLR/VPP voltage for high-voltage programming. For low-voltage ICSP modes only, a direct MCLR-to-VDD connection is acceptable but eliminates in-circuit debugging.
Route the ICSP signals PGC (pin 13) and PGD (pin 14) directly to a 6-pin header without series resistors for ICSP mode. Keep these traces short (under 50 mm) and away from switching signals such as PWM outputs (CCP1 on pin 10) and high-current I/O. For crystal oscillator use, place the 2-pin crystal within 5 mm of pins 4-5 and guard the traces with a ground pour; the internal 16 MHz oscillator eliminates the crystal entirely for cost-down designs, saving 4-6 mm of board space.
The PIC16F721T-I/SO SOIC-20 has a typical theta_JA of about 80 C/W in still air, which is fine for the industrial -40 to +85 C range at moderate system-level ambient temperatures. No heatsink is required. Ensure that the 25 mA I/O current rating is not exceeded on any single pin (sum of all I/O source/sink currents limited to about 200 mA) - use external drivers such as the ULN2003 or discrete MOSFETs when controlling high-current loads.
Thông tin tuân thủ
PIC16F721T-I/SO is RoHS compliant per Microchip product page. Industrial temperature grade -40C to +85C; not AEC-Q100 qualified. For AEC-Q100 automotive, choose the PIC16F721-E/SS extended-grade variant or higher PIC18 parts.
