PIC16F874A-E/P - 8-Bit 20MHz 7KB Flash MCU 40-PDIP | Microchip
MPN: PIC16F874A-E/P ✓ Hoạt độngPIC16F874A-E/P Tóm tắt
An 8-bit microcontroller (MCU) is a single-chip computer that integrates a CPU, memory, and peripherals on one die. 8-bit MCUs sit within the taxonomy: microcontroller -> embedded computing -> semiconductor IC. The PIC16F family is Microchip's enhanced mid-range 8-bit line, optimized for low-cost, low-power deterministic control in industrial, consumer, and automotive subsystems. A 40-pin PDIP package provides breadboard-friendly through-hole mounting, the dominant form factor for legacy and educational designs.
Key features include nanoWatt power management for reduced active and sleep currents, a wide 4.0 V to 5.5 V supply range, an ICD (In-Circuit Debugger) interface, code protection, and a 200 ns instruction cycle at 20 MHz. The PIC16F874A-E/P supports both internal and external oscillator modes and includes a programmable brown-out reset.
The PIC16F874A-E/P uses a Harvard RISC architecture with separate program and data buses, allowing instruction fetch and data access in a single cycle. Its 14-bit instruction word delivers compact code density. On-chip peripherals are mapped to dedicated I/O pins, simplifying PCB routing while the nanoWatt technology minimizes sleep current to support battery-backed designs.
Typical applications include industrial control systems, HVAC sensor interfaces, automotive body electronics, embedded instrumentation, security and alarm panels, and consumer appliance controllers. The 8-channel 10-bit ADC is suitable for slow-speed analog monitoring such as temperature, light, or battery voltage.
When designing with this device, ensure the MCLR pin is pulled high through a resistor for proper reset behavior and place a 100 nF decoupling capacitor close to VDD. Choose the internal oscillator block to minimize external component count when timing accuracy is non-critical.
This page synthesizes distributor pricing, drop-in alternatives, and practical design notes not found in the manufacturer datasheet.
Bộ thay thế dễ dàng lắp đặt cho PIC16F874A-E/P — cùng gói, chân-to-chân tương thích. Các bộ phận yêu cầu hàn PCB bị loại trừ.
Các biến thể trong loạt này
Các mẫu cùng loạt có thể lắp đặt dễ dàng tương thích với PIC16F874A-E/P (cùng hình factor và footprint) — khác nhau ở Package, Program Memory, Timers, Mounting Type, ADC.
PIC16F874A-I/P
✅ Drop-In📋 Tham chiếu thay thế (không có trong danh mục)
PIC16F874A-E/L
✅ Drop-InLiên hệ để biết giá
Xem tài liệu →PIC16F874-04I/P
✅ Drop-InLiên hệ để biết giá
Xem tài liệu →PIC16F74-I/P
✅ Drop-InLiên hệ để biết giá
Xem tài liệu →PIC16F874-20/P
✅ Drop-InLiên hệ để biết giá
Xem tài liệu →PIC16F877A-I/P
✅ Drop-InLiên hệ để biết giá
Xem tài liệu →PIC16F874A-E/P Tỷ lệ tối đa & tính chất điện
| Core Architecture | PIC16 Enhanced Mid-Range 8-bit RISC |
| Program Memory | 7 KB (4K x 14 words) Flash |
| RAM | 192 bytes |
| EEPROM | 128 bytes |
| Maximum CPU Speed | 20 MHz (200 ns instruction cycle) |
| Supply Voltage (VDD) | 4.0 V to 5.5 V |
| I/O Pins | 33 |
| ADC | 8 channels x 10-bit |
| Comparators | 2 |
| CCP Modules | 2 (Capture/Compare/PWM) |
| Serial Communication | 1x SPI / I²C (MSSP), USART |
| Timers | 3 (Timer0, Timer1, Timer2) |
| Hộp | 40-pin PDIP (0.600 in, 15.24 mm) |
| Nhiệt độ hoạt động | -40 C to +125 C (Extended, -E suffix) |
| ICSP / ICD | Yes (In-Circuit Serial Programming + Debug) |
| nanoWatt Technology | Yes (low-power sleep modes) |
| Trạng thái RoHS | Compliant |
Cấu hình chân PIC16F874A-E/P
| Chân 1 | MCLR#/VPP — Master Clear (reset, active low) / programming voltage |
| Chân 2 | RA0/AN0 — PORTA bit 0 / Analog input 0 |
| Chân 3 | RA1/AN1 — PORTA bit 1 / Analog input 1 |
| Chân 4 | RA2/AN2/VREF- — PORTA bit 2 / Analog input 2 / ADC VREF- |
| Chân 5 | RA3/AN3/VREF+ — PORTA bit 3 / Analog input 3 / ADC VREF+ |
| Chân 6 | RA4/T0CKI/C1OUT — PORTA bit 4 / Timer0 clock / Comparator 1 output |
| Chân 7 | RA5/AN4/SS#/C2OUT — PORTA bit 5 / Analog input 4 / SPI slave select / Comparator 2 output |
| Chân 8 | RE0/RD#/AN5 — PORTE bit 0 / Parallel port read control / Analog input 5 |
| Chân 9 | RE1/WR#/AN6 — PORTE bit 1 / Parallel port write control / Analog input 6 |
| Chân 10 | RE2/CS#/AN7 — PORTE bit 2 / Parallel port chip select / Analog input 7 |
| Chân 11 | VDD — Positive supply (4.0 V to 5.5 V) |
| Chân 12 | VSS — Ground reference |
| Chân 13 | OSC1/CLKIN — Oscillator crystal input / external clock in |
| Chân 14 | OSC2/CLKOUT — Oscillator crystal output / clock out |
| Chân 15 | RC0/T1OSO/T1CKI — PORTC bit 0 / Timer1 oscillator out / Timer1 clock in |
| Chân 16 | RC1/T1OSI/CCP2 — PORTC bit 1 / Timer1 oscillator in / CCP2 |
| Chân 17 | RC2/CCP1 — PORTC bit 2 / CCP1 PWM output |
| Chân 18 | RC3/SCK/SCL — PORTC bit 3 / SPI clock / I2C clock (MSSP) |
| Chân 19 | RD0/PSP0 — PORTD bit 0 / Parallel Slave Port data bit 0 |
| Chân 20 | RD1/PSP1 — PORTD bit 1 / Parallel Slave Port data bit 1 |
| Chân 21 | RD2/PSP2 — PORTD bit 2 / Parallel Slave Port data bit 2 |
| Chân 22 | RD3/PSP3 — PORTD bit 3 / Parallel Slave Port data bit 3 |
| Chân 23 | RC4/SDI/SDA — PORTC bit 4 / SPI data in / I2C data (MSSP) |
| Chân 24 | RC5/SDO — PORTC bit 5 / SPI data out |
| Chân 25 | RC6/TX/CK — PORTC bit 6 / USART async TX / sync clock |
| Chân 26 | RC7/RX/DT — PORTC bit 7 / USART async RX / sync data |
| Chân 27 | RD4/PSP4 — PORTD bit 4 / Parallel Slave Port data bit 4 |
| Chân 28 | RD5/PSP5 — PORTD bit 5 / Parallel Slave Port data bit 5 |
| Chân 29 | RD6/PSP6 — PORTD bit 6 / Parallel Slave Port data bit 6 |
| Chân 30 | RD7/PSP7 — PORTD bit 7 / Parallel Slave Port data bit 7 |
| Chân 31 | VSS — Ground reference |
| Chân 32 | VDD — Positive supply (4.0 V to 5.5 V) |
| Chân 33 | RB0/INT — PORTB bit 0 / External interrupt |
| Chân 34 | RB1 — PORTB bit 1 |
| Chân 35 | RB2 — PORTB bit 2 |
| Chân 36 | RB3/PGM — PORTB bit 3 / Low-voltage ICSP programming input |
| Chân 37 | RB4 — PORTB bit 4 (interrupt-on-change) |
| Chân 38 | RB5 — PORTB bit 5 (interrupt-on-change) |
| Chân 39 | RB6/PGC — PORTB bit 6 / ICD clock (ICSP) |
| Chân 40 | RB7/PGD — PORTB bit 7 / ICD data (ICSP) |
Ứng dụng tiêu biểu
PIC16F874A-E/P phù hợp cho 6 Áp dụngs: Industrial Control Systems, HVAC Sensor Interface, Automotive Body Electronics, Security and Alarm Panels, Embedded Instrumentation, Consumer Appliance Controllers.
Industrial Control Systems
The PIC16F874A-E/P fits industrial control because its 33 digital I/O, 8-channel 10-bit ADC, and two CCP/PWM peripherals handle sensor multiplexing, actuator drive, and closed-loop PID at update rates typical of slow machinery. The 20 MHz clock yields a 200 ns instruction cycle, sufficient to sample multiple analog channels and toggle I/O within 1 ms control loops. Wide 4.0-5.5 V supply tolerates 24 V industrial rails after regulation. The -40 C to +125 C extended temperature grade supports unheated enclosures, while nanoWatt technology minimizes standby drain on battery-backed PLCs.
Được đề xuất
HVAC Sensor Interface
The PIC16F874A-E/P's 8-channel 10-bit ADC with programmable acquisition time is well-matched to HVAC multi-sensor arrays (temperature, humidity, pressure, airflow). Its I²C/SPI MSSP peripheral interfaces with external digital sensors, while two comparators implement window-detect thermostats without software polling overhead. With 192 B of RAM and 7 KB of Flash, the device holds lookup-table linearization and PID control code comfortably. The 40-pin PDIP package simplifies prototype hand-soldering for HVAC controller reference designs.
Được đề xuất
Automotive Body Electronics
The PIC16F874A-E/P serves automotive body modules (window lifters, seat controllers, mirror adjusters) requiring -40 C to +125 C operation and 5 V supply from a regulated 12 V battery rail. Its 33 I/O drive LED indicators, switches, and relay coils; the 2 CCP modules generate PWM for motor-speed control and lighting dimming. The MSSP peripheral talks to LIN transceivers for body networks, while 7 KB Flash holds CAN-friendly message handlers. Note: for AEC-Q100 automotive qualification choose PIC16F874A-E/P-Q1.
Được đề xuất
Security and Alarm Panels
The PIC16F874A-E/P is well suited to security/alarm control panels because its 8 ADC channels monitor multiple zones (PIR, glass-break, smoke) and its two comparators implement window detectors for tamper sensing. The 128-byte EEPROM stores user codes and event logs through power cycles. nanoWatt sleep modes drop quiescent current for battery-only operation during AC loss. The 33 I/O drive keypads, sirens, and dialer outputs while ICD support accelerates debugging of zone-firing logic.
Được đề xuất
Embedded Instrumentation
Bench-top instruments and data acquisition front-ends use the PIC16F874A-E/P because its 8-channel 10-bit ADC, USART, and I²C peripherals integrate slow-speed analog measurement, USB-UART bridges, and LCD display drivers without external glue logic. The 20 MHz core runs averaging filters and calibration routines; 192 B of RAM buffers sample bursts. The 40-pin PDIP supports prototype through-hole construction common in lab gear.
Được đề xuất
Consumer Appliance Controllers
White-goods controllers (washing machines, dishwashers, microwave ovens) adopt the PIC16F874A-E/P for its low cost, deterministic 8-bit core, and integrated peripherals: the 8-channel ADC reads water level and temperature sensors, the two CCP modules drive motor TRIACs and PWM valves, and the USART interfaces with inverter boards. The 128-byte EEPROM retains cycle settings through power-off. The -40 C to +125 C extended grade handles appliance interior temperatures and motor-driver proximity heating.
Được đề xuất
Tóm tắt các sản phẩm được đề xuất
Dữ liệu tham khảo kỹ thuật cho PIC16F874A-E/P — so sánh, hướng dẫn thiết kế và thông tin tuân thủ.
Hướng dẫn chọn lựa
So sánh với các sản phẩm thay thế
| Tham số | Sản phẩm này | PIC16F874A-I/P | PIC16F874-04I/P | PIC16F74-I/P | PIC16F874-20/P | PIC16F877A-I/P |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Package | 40-pin PDIP | 40-pin PDIP - same | 40-pin PDIP - same | 40-pin PDIP - same | 40-pin PDIP - same | 40-pin PDIP - same |
| Brand | Microchip Technology | Microchip Technology | Microchip Technology | Microchip Technology | Microchip Technology | Microchip Technology |
| Core / Architecture | PIC16 Enhanced 8-bit | PIC16 Enhanced 8-bit - same | PIC16 Base 8-bit | PIC16 Base 8-bit | PIC16 Base 8-bit | PIC16 Enhanced 8-bit - same |
| Max Clock Speed | 20 MHz | 20 MHz | 4 MHz | 20 MHz | 20 MHz | 20 MHz |
| Program Memory (Flash) | 7 KB | 7 KB | 7 KB | 7 KB | 7 KB | 14 KB |
| RAM | 192 B | 192 B | 192 B | 192 B | 192 B | 368 B |
| ADC Channels | 8 x 10-bit | 8 x 10-bit | 8 x 10-bit | 5 x 8-bit | 8 x 10-bit | 8 x 10-bit |
| CCP Modules | 2 | 2 | 2 | 1 | 2 | 2 |
| ICD Debug | Yes | Yes | No | No | No | Yes |
| Operating Temperature | -40 C to +125 C (E) | -40 C to +85 C (I) | -40 C to +85 C (I) | -40 C to +85 C (I) | 0 C to +70 C (blank) | -40 C to +85 C (I) |
Bảo phân biệt quan trọng
- Enhanced mid-range core with ICD debug and nanoWatt technology (vsPIC16F874-04I/P)
- Industrial 40-pin PDIP drop-in with identical silicon, lower temperature ceiling (vsPIC16F874A-I/P)
- Higher ADC channel count and dual CCP versus the PIC16F74 sibling (vsPIC16F74-I/P)
Ghi chú thiết kế
Estimated: at VDD = 5.0 V and MCU active current of ~16 mA at 20 MHz (per DS39582 typical), the PIC16F874A-E/P dissipates roughly 80 mW. Place a 100 nF decoupling capacitor within 5 mm of each VDD pin (pins 11 and 32) and a bulk 10 uF tantalum or ceramic capacitor at the board power entry. For sleep-mode designs use the nanoWatt Sleep instruction and verify the MCLR# pull-up resistor (typically 10 kohm) does not inject leakage current.
Route the oscillator traces (OSC1 pin 13, OSC2 pin 14) as short and symmetric as possible, with a ground guard ring to minimize noise injection into the ADC. Keep ADC traces (PORTA analog inputs and VREF+/VREF- on RA3/RA2) away from switching nodes like PWM outputs (CCP1 on RC2). For ICD connectivity, expose the PGC (RB6) and PGD (RB7) pins to a 2x3 0.1 inch header for in-circuit debugging using MPLAB X IDE and an ICD programmer.
Do not leave the MCLR# pin floating - it must be pulled high through a 10 kohm resistor to VDD for reliable reset; floating MCLR is the most frequent cause of erratic PIC16F874A-E/P behavior. Verify the configuration bits (FOSC, WDTE, PWRTE, BOREN) match your oscillator and reset strategy - many boot failures trace to mismatched _CONFIG settings. Finally, ensure VDD rise time is below the Brown-Out Reset specification; an excessively slow ramp can lock the device in BOR.
Thông tin tuân thủ
RoHS compliance per Microchip product page; AEC-Q100 automotive grade is a separate order code (PIC16F874A-E/P-Q1). Lead-free matte-tin finish.
