PIC16F877-04I/L - 4MHz 8-Bit Flash MCU, 14KB Flash | Microchip
MPN： PIC16F877-04I/L ✓ 啟用中PIC16F877-04I/L 概覽
A microcontroller (MCU) is a single-chip computer containing a CPU core, non-volatile program memory (Flash/ROM), volatile data memory (RAM), and integrated peripherals such as timers, ADC, communication buses, and I/O ports. Within the broader taxonomy, a microcontroller sits between a microprocessor (CPU only) and a system-on-chip (SoC); the PIC16F877 is a Harvard-architecture MCU (separate program/data buses) optimized for deterministic, low-power embedded control. It belongs to the industry-standard "8-bit MCU" class, the same category as the Intel 8051, AVR ATmega, and STM8 families.
Key features include 368 bytes of RAM, 256 bytes of EEPROM data memory, 33 digital I/O pins, an 8-channel 10-bit Analog-to-Digital (A/D) converter, two Capture/Compare/PWM modules, a USART, an MSSP configurable as SPI or I2C, two additional timers, and an ICD (In-Circuit Debug) interface. The 04 speed grade denotes a 4 MHz oscillator; the I suffix indicates industrial temperature range (-40C to +85C); the L suffix denotes the lead-bearing 44-pin PLCC package.
Architecturally, the PIC16F877 uses a RISC-based CPU with only 35 single-word instructions and 200 ns instruction cycle time, providing deterministic real-time behaviour. The 14-bit instruction word width, separated code/data buses, and integrated hardware peripherals reduce external component count.
Typical applications include industrial control systems, sensor interfaces, motor control, home appliances, automotive body electronics (sub-systems), instrumentation, and educational/hobbyist development boards. The integrated ADC and PWM make it especially suited for closed-loop analog control loops.
When designing with this part, ensure the oscillator configuration (XT/HS/RC) matches the chosen crystal and load capacitors; the PLL is NOT present on the PIC16F877, so external clock multiplication is unavailable. For new designs consider the pin-compatible PIC16F887 or PIC16F877A which add enhanced features at similar cost.
This page synthesizes distributor pricing, drop-in alternatives, and practical design notes not found on a single manufacturer or distributor page.
直接替換替代品，適用於 PIC16F877-04I/L — 相同封裝，腳位對腳位相容。需重新設計 PCB 的不同封裝零件不列入。
此系列的變體
與下列產品可直接替換的同系列型號： PIC16F877-04I/L （相同外形與佔位） — 差異在於 Package, Core Architecture, ADC, Operating Temperature, Timers.
PIC16F877A-I/L
✅ 直接替換聯絡詢價
查看資料表 →PIC16F887-I/L
✅ 直接替換📋 參考替代品（不在目錄中）
PIC16F877-04I/PQ
✅ 直接替換 ⚠️ 規格未經驗證聯絡詢價
查看資料表 →PIC16F877-04I/L 最大額定值與電氣特性
| Product Family | PIC® 16F |
| Core Architecture | 8-bit PIC (Harvard, RISC) |
| Program Memory Type | Flash |
| Program Memory Size | 14 KB (8K x 14) |
| RAM Size | 368 bytes |
| EEPROM Size | 256 bytes |
| Maximum CPU Speed | 4 MHz |
| Instruction Cycle Time | 200 ns |
| Number of I/O Pins | 33 |
| ADC | 8 channels, 10-bit |
| CCP/PWM Modules | 2 |
| Timers | 3 (Timer0, Timer1, Timer2) |
| Communication Interfaces | USART (1), MSSP for SPI/I2C (1) |
| 供應電壓 | 2.0 V to 5.5 V |
| 工作溫度 | -40 C to +85 C (Industrial) |
| 封裝 | 44-pin PLCC (16.59 x 16.59 mm) |
| 安裝類型 | Surface Mount (PLCC socket-compatible) |
| Debug Interface | ICD (In-Circuit Debug) |
PIC16F877-04I/L 腳位配置
| 腳位 1 | MCLR/VPP — Master Clear (Reset) input / Programming voltage |
| 腳位 2 | RA0/AN0 — PORTA bit 0 / Analog input channel 0 |
| 腳位 3 | RA1/AN1 — PORTA bit 1 / Analog input channel 1 |
| 腳位 4 | RA2/AN2 — PORTA bit 2 / Analog input channel 2 |
| 腳位 5 | RA3/AN3/VREF+ — PORTA bit 3 / Analog channel 3 / ADC reference voltage + |
| 腳位 6 | RA4/T0CKI — PORTA bit 4 / Timer0 clock input (open-drain) |
| 腳位 7 | RA5/AN4/SS — PORTA bit 5 / Analog channel 4 / SPI slave select |
| 腳位 8 | RE0/RD/AN5 — PORTE bit 0 / Read control for parallel slave port / Analog channel 5 |
| 腳位 9 | RE1/WR/AN6 — PORTE bit 1 / Write control for parallel slave port / Analog channel 6 |
| 腳位 10 | RE2/CS/AN7 — PORTE bit 2 / Chip select for parallel slave port / Analog channel 7 |
| 腳位 11 | VDD — Positive supply voltage (2.0 V to 5.5 V) |
| 腳位 12 | VSS — Ground |
| 腳位 13 | OSC1/CLKIN — Oscillator crystal input / External clock input |
| 腳位 14 | OSC2/CLKOUT — Oscillator crystal output / Clock out (Fosc/4) |
| 腳位 15 | RC0/T1OSO/T1CKI — PORTC bit 0 / Timer1 oscillator output / Timer1 clock input |
| 腳位 16 | RC1/T1OSI/CCP2 — PORTC bit 1 / Timer1 oscillator input / CCP2 I/O |
| 腳位 17 | RC2/CCP1 — PORTC bit 2 / CCP1 (PWM) I/O |
| 腳位 18 | RC3/SCK/SCL — PORTC bit 3 / SPI clock / I2C clock |
| 腳位 19 | RC4/SDI/SDA — PORTC bit 4 / SPI data in / I2C data |
| 腳位 20 | RC5/SDO — PORTC bit 5 / SPI data out |
| 腳位 21 | RC6/TX/CK — PORTC bit 6 / USART asynchronous transmit / synchronous clock |
| 腳位 22 | RC7/RX/DT — PORTC bit 7 / USART asynchronous receive / synchronous data |
| 腳位 23 | RD0/PSP0 — PORTD bit 0 / Parallel Slave Port data bit 0 |
| 腳位 24 | RD1/PSP1 — PORTD bit 1 / Parallel Slave Port data bit 1 |
| 腳位 25 | RD2/PSP2 — PORTD bit 2 / Parallel Slave Port data bit 2 |
| 腳位 26 | RD3/PSP3 — PORTD bit 3 / Parallel Slave Port data bit 3 |
| 腳位 27 | RD4/PSP4 — PORTD bit 4 / Parallel Slave Port data bit 4 |
| 腳位 28 | RD5/PSP5 — PORTD bit 5 / Parallel Slave Port data bit 5 |
| 腳位 29 | RD6/PSP6 — PORTD bit 6 / Parallel Slave Port data bit 6 |
| 腳位 30 | RD7/PSP7 — PORTD bit 7 / Parallel Slave Port data bit 7 |
| 腳位 31 | VSS — Ground |
| 腳位 32 | VDD — Positive supply voltage (2.0 V to 5.5 V) |
| 腳位 33 | RB0/INT — PORTB bit 0 / External interrupt input |
| 腳位 34 | RB1 — PORTB bit 1 |
| 腳位 35 | RB2 — PORTB bit 2 |
| 腳位 36 | RB3/PGM — PORTB bit 3 / Low-voltage programming enable |
| 腳位 37 | RB4 — PORTB bit 4 (interrupt-on-change) |
| 腳位 38 | RB5 — PORTB bit 5 (interrupt-on-change) |
| 腳位 39 | RB6/PGC — PORTB bit 6 / In-Circuit Debugger clock |
| 腳位 40 | RB7/PGD — PORTB bit 7 / In-Circuit Debugger data |
| 腳位 41 | VSS — Ground |
| 腳位 42 | VDD — Positive supply voltage (2.0 V to 5.5 V) |
| 腳位 43 | NC — Not connected (per datasheet) |
| 腳位 44 | NC — Not connected (per datasheet) |
典型應用
PIC16F877-04I/L 適用於 6 應用s: Industrial Sensor Interface Module, Motor Control PWM Drive, Home Appliance Control Board, Educational Microcontroller Trainer Board, Automotive Body Electronics Sub-System, Test and Measurement Instrument.
Industrial Sensor Interface Module
The PIC16F877-04I/L fits sensor interface modules because its integrated 8-channel 10-bit ADC samples multiple analog sensors (temperature, pressure, humidity) without external multiplexers. Running at 4 MHz with a 200 ns instruction cycle, the MCU executes deterministic ADC-polling loops and linearizes transducer responses in real time. Industrial -40 C to +85 C rating suits factory-floor PLC I/O cards. Pair with the PIC16F877A-I/L or PIC16F887-I/L for higher ADC throughput.
推薦
Motor Control PWM Drive
With 2 Capture/Compare/PWM modules and up to 33 digital I/O pins, the PIC16F877-04I/L drives brushed DC and stepper motors in low-power automation. At 4 MHz the PWM period resolution is sufficient for sub-1 kHz variable-speed drives; the integrated ADC closes current/voltage feedback loops. Designers needing four PWM outputs (e.g., for 3-phase BLDC) should step up to the PIC16F887-I/L, which adds two more PWM channels on the same PLCC footprint.
推薦
Home Appliance Control Board
The PIC16F877-04I/L is well-suited to washing-machine, dishwasher, and microwave oven control boards where its 14 KB Flash holds menu logic, 256-byte EEPROM stores user settings, and integrated ADC reads temperature/water-level sensors. The 44-PLCC package is socketable, easing field service. Rival parts: PIC16F877A-I/L. Its USART connects to displays; the MSSP handles SPI or I2C user-interface EEPROM/LED drivers.
推薦
Educational Microcontroller Trainer Board
Universities and coding clubs use the PIC16F877-04I/L in 44-PLCC trainer boards because the simple 35-instruction RISC core lets students learn embedded C and assembly quickly. The integrated MSSP configurability between SPI and I2C teaches both buses on a single device; the on-chip ICD (In-Circuit Debug) requires no external emulator. The Atmel ATmega328-AU variant on Arduino-style boards is a popular same-tier alternative.
推薦
Automotive Body Electronics Sub-System
The PIC16F877-04I/L with its -40 C to +85 C industrial grade can sit in non-safety automotive subsystems such as HVAC panels, mirror controllers, and seat-position memory modules. Its 14-bit Harvard architecture is deterministic, avoiding the jitter of polled interrupts on time-critical PWM outputs. For full -40 C to +125 C automotive grade, upgrade to AEC-Q100-qualified PIC18F or PIC16F1xxx family members.
推薦
Test and Measurement Instrument
Bench-top multimeters, low-frequency oscilloscopes, and signal-conditioning instruments use the PIC16F877-04I/L as a control MCU thanks to its 10-bit ADC, USART for PC data uplink, and adequate Flash for menu and waveform-rendering code. At 4 MHz the instruction cycle matches the speed of slow analog front-end events. The integrated EEPROM holds calibration constants and last-reading state across power cycles.
推薦
推薦產品摘要
工程參考資料，適用於 PIC16F877-04I/L — 比較、設計指引及合規資訊。
選型指南
與替代品比較
| 參數 | 本產品 | PIC16F877A-I/L | PIC16F887-I/L | PIC16F877-04I/PQ |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Brand | Microchip Technology | Microchip Technology | Microchip Technology | Microchip Technology |
| Package | 44-PLCC (16.59 x 16.59 mm) | 44-PLCC (16.59 x 16.59 mm) - same | 44-PLCC (16.59 x 16.59 mm) - same | 44-MQFP (10 x 10 mm) - different footprint |
| Maximum CPU Speed | 4 MHz | 20 MHz | 20 MHz | 4 MHz |
| Program Memory (Flash) | 14 KB | 14 KB | 14 KB | 14 KB |
| RAM | 368 bytes | 368 bytes | 368 bytes | 368 bytes |
| EEPROM | 256 bytes | 256 bytes | 256 bytes | 256 bytes |
| PWM Modules | 2 (CCP) | 2 (CCP) | 2 (CCP) + 2 (enhanced) | 2 (CCP) |
| ADC Channels / Resolution | 8 ch / 10-bit | 8 ch / 10-bit (faster conversion) | 14 ch / 10-bit | 8 ch / 10-bit |
| Internal Oscillator | No (external required) | No | Yes (8 MHz, software-tunable) | No |
| Approx. Unit Price @ 100 | $6.79 | $7.10 | $4.50 | $8.10 |
主要差異化特點
- Legacy 4 MHz speed grade preserves firmware timing compatibility (對比PIC16F887-I/L)
- Socketable 44-PLCC package simplifies field replacement (對比PIC16F877-04I/PQ (44-MQFP))
- Industrial -40 C to +85 C operating range (對比PIC16F877-04/L (commercial))
設計說明
Decouple VDD with a 100 nF ceramic capacitor on each of the three VDD pins (11, 32, 42) and place each capacitor within 2 mm of its respective pin. Use a single bulk 10 uF tantalum or aluminum-polymer capacitor near the MCU's average load current. The PIC16F877 has three power/ground pairs (instead of one) to minimize digital switching noise coupling into sensitive analog reference nets; routing each pair through separate via pairs on the ground plane improves ADC accuracy by 1-2 LSB.
Route the oscillator traces (OSC1/OSC2, pins 13-14) as short as possible and enclose them with a grounded guard ring to prevent high-current digital lines from injecting noise. Keep the crystal case and load capacitors within 5 mm of the MCU and isolate them from switching I/O. For HS-mode designs above 4 MHz, add a 100 ohm series resistor on OSC2 to dampen reflections. The PLCC socket variant enables crystal probing during EMI testing.
Do not forget the MCLR pull-up: pin 1 must see a 10 kohm pull-up to VDD for normal operation; the internal pull-up on PIC16F877 is not enabled by default. Watch out for read-modify-write hazards on PORTB when changing interrupt-on-change pins - read the port byte, mask, modify, then write back, or use the shadow register technique. The PIC16F877 has NO internal oscillator - you must supply an external crystal, resonator, or clock signal even at 4 MHz.
The 8-channel ADC draws transient current from VDD during conversion; add a 1 uF decoupling cap on the AVdd/VREF+ pin (pin 5 on PLCC) shared with PORTA pins. If analog measurements are noisy, dedicate a separate analog VDD rail filtered through a ferrite bead from the digital VDD. The 44-PLCC package's lead inductance (~5 nH per pin) is acceptable for the PIC16F877's clock rates but becomes a constraint if you upgrade to PIC16F887 at 20 MHz - plan your redesign accordingly.
合規資訊
RoHS / lead-free / REACH status of the L (44-PLCC) variant was not found in the verified web data and is marked as unknown. The /L suffix in legacy Microchip nomenclature predates the modern RoHS naming scheme; consult the Microchip product page or sales contact for confirmation. Microchip publishes a conflict-minerals statement (compliant per company policy).
