ATMEGA48PA-MU - 4KB AVR MCU 20MHz picoPower | Microchip
料号： ATMEGA48PA-MU ✓ 量产中| 数量 | 单价 | 小计 |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | $1.85 | $1.85 |
| 10 | $1.66 | $16.60 |
| 100 | $1.42 | $142.00 |
| 500 | $1.25 | $625.00 |
| 1,000 | $1.08 | $1,080.00 |
ATMEGA48PA-MU 概述
A microcontroller unit (MCU) is a single-chip computer that integrates a processor core, memory, and programmable peripherals on one die, forming the lowest layer of the embedded-systems hierarchy: microcontroller -> embedded processor -> semiconductor device. The ATmega family implements the AVR enhanced RISC architecture with 131 mostly single-cycle instructions and 32 general purpose working registers, giving throughput close to 1 MIPS per MHz.
Key features include three flexible timer/counters with compare modes (two 8-bit, one 16-bit), a 10-bit ADC with 8 single-ended channels and differential inputs with programmable gain, and byte-oriented Two-Wire Interface (I2C), SPI, and USART serial interfaces. The picoPower technology provides six software-selectable sleep modes, including idle, ADC noise reduction, power-save, power-down, standby, and extended standby, plus an on-chip Brown-out detector and internal calibrated RC oscillator.
Technically, the PA suffix denotes the picoPower revision with reduced leakage and 1.8 V operation at reduced clock speeds; full 20 MHz operation is specified at 4.5 V to 5.5 V, with approximately 10 MHz at 3 V and 4 MHz at 1.8 V per the supply-versus-frequency curve in the manufacturer datasheet. In-system self-programmable Flash with 10,000 write cycles endurance supports boot-loader firmware updates in the field.
Typical applications include battery-powered sensor nodes and IoT end nodes (exploiting 0.1 uA power-down current), small industrial control and lighting systems, and consumer appliances using the 5V-tolerant I/O and watchdog-protected operation.
A key design consideration: the VQFN exposed pad should be soldered to a grounded PCB pad for reliability even though the die pad is internally connected to GND, and 100 nF decoupling must sit close to both VCC pins.
This page adds value beyond the manufacturer datasheet by synthesizing distributor pricing, verified drop-in alternatives within the same 32-pin VQFN footprint, and practical design notes for battery-operated designs.
直接替换替代料： ATMEGA48PA-MU ——相同封装，引脚兼容。需要 PCB 改动的不同封装料号已排除。
本系列中的变体
可与以下型号直接替换的同系列型号： ATMEGA48PA-MU （相同外形与封装尺寸） ——差异在于 Package, Communication Interfaces, Operating Temperature, Flash Memory, Timers.
快速对比工具——选择替代料号进行并排对比：
ATMEGA48A-MU
✅ 直接替换📋 参考替代料（不在目录中）
ATMEGA48PB-MU
✅ 直接替换✓ 有现货
$0.94 / 个
查看数据手册 →ATMEGA88PA-MU
✅ 直接替换 ⚠️ 规格未核验✓ 有现货
$1.26 / 个
查看数据手册 →ATMEGA168PA-MU
✅ 直接替换 ⚠️ 规格未核验✓ 有现货
$1.72 / 个
查看数据手册 →ATMEGA328P-MU
✅ 直接替换 ⚠️ 规格未核验✓ 有现货
$2.85 / 个
查看数据手册 →ATMEGA48PA-MMNR
✅ 直接替换✓ 有现货
$1.33 / 个
查看数据手册 →ATMEGA48PA-MU 最大额定值与电气特性
| Core Architecture | AVR 8-bit RISC |
| Flash Memory | 4 KB (2K x 16) ISP Flash |
| EEPROM | 256 B |
| SRAM | 512 B |
| 最大时钟频率 | 20 MHz |
| Supply Voltage Range | 1.8 V to 5.5 V (picoPower) |
| General Purpose I/O | 23 lines |
| Working Registers | 32 x 8-bit |
| Timers/Counters | 2 x 8-bit, 1 x 16-bit with compare modes |
| ADC | 10-bit, 8 single-ended channels, differential with programmable gain |
| Communication Interfaces | USART, SPI, Two-Wire Interface (I2C) |
| Sleep Modes | 6 modes incl. power-down at 0.1 uA (picoPower) |
| Internal Oscillator | Calibrated RC oscillator (8 MHz nominal, divided options) |
| Brown-out Detector | Yes, on-chip |
| 工作温度 | -40C to +85C (industrial) |
| 封装 | 32-pin VQFN (5x5 mm, 0.5 mm pitch), green |
| 安装类型 | Surface Mount |
| RoHS 状态 | Compliant (GREEN package) |
| Flash Endurance | 10,000 write/erase cycles (per datasheet family specification) |
ATMEGA48PA-MU 32-pin vqfn (5x5 mm, 0.5 mm pitch), green 引脚配置指南
ATMEGA48PA-MU（32-pin vqfn (5x5 mm, 0.5 mm pitch), green 封装）的引脚配置。 该数字 IC 包含 GPIO、通信接口（UART、SPI、I2C）和电源引脚。请参阅制造商数据手册以了解复用引脚功能和配置选项。对嵌入式系统设计和 PCB 布局至关重要。
暂无详细引脚数据： ATMEGA48PA-MU.
请参阅 数据手册 以查看完整引脚配置。
典型应用
ATMEGA48PA-MU 适用于 6 应用s: Battery-Powered Sensor Nodes, Small Industrial Control and Lighting, Consumer Appliance Control, IoT Edge Nodes and RF Modules, Hobby, Education, and Rapid Prototyping, Analog Signal Acquisition Front-Ends.
Battery-Powered Sensor Nodes
The ATMEGA48PA-MU fits battery-powered sensing nodes because its picoPower design draws about 0.1 uA in power-down mode and runs from a 1.8 V to 5.5 V rail, directly compatible with two alkaline cells or a lithium coin cell through a small regulator. A typical topology wakes the MCU from power-down via watchdog timeout or the asynchronous Timer/Counter2, samples a sensor through the 10-bit ADC (8 single-ended channels), and transmits over USART or SPI before returning to sleep. Because the ADC offers a 1.1 V internal reference and differential inputs with programmable gain, bridge and thermistor front-ends can be read without an external amplifier. The quantified benefit: duty-cycling at 0.1% on-time keeps average current near 1-2 uA, enabling multi-year coin-cell life.
推荐
Small Industrial Control and Lighting
In industrial control panels and LED lighting controllers, the ATMEGA48PA-MU provides three timer/counters - two 8-bit and one 16-bit with compare and PWM modes - which generate multi-channel PWM for dimming and motor drive without additional hardware. The industrial temperature rating of -40C to +85C and the on-chip brown-out detector give dependable reset behavior on noisy 24 V-derived 5 V rails, while the watchdog timer guards against firmware lock-up in unattended installations. The MCU communicates with PLC I/O over SPI or the Two-Wire Interface, and 10,000-cycle Flash endurance supports field boot-loader updates. Because it runs at 5 V with robust I/O drive, it interfaces directly with optocouplers and relay drivers. The VQFN-32 5x5 mm package keeps controller PCB area compact inside DIN-rail enclosures.
推荐
Consumer Appliance Control
Consumer appliances such as coffee makers, fans, and small heaters use the ATMEGA48PA-MU as the main controller because it combines a 5 V-tolerant I/O structure, a calibrated internal RC oscillator (eliminating the cost of an external crystal in non-timing-critical products), and a 10-bit ADC for keypad and NTC temperature reading. The Two-Wire Interface links the MCU to display drivers or EEPROM config memory, while the USART handles factory test and diagnostics. PicoPower sleep modes let the product meet standby-energy regulations, since a 0.1 uA power-down current adds negligible contribution to standby power. With 4 KB Flash, the complete control firmware including button debouncing, PWM output, and safety cut-off logic fits with margin, keeping bill-of-material cost at the low end of the ATmega family.
推荐
IoT Edge Nodes and RF Modules
The ATMEGA48PA-MU frequently serves as the host controller for sub-GHz and 2.4 GHz radio modules in IoT edge nodes. Its SPI interface (up to fosc/2) streams data to transceivers, and its interrupt-driven pin-change interrupts on all 23 GPIO lines capture IRQ events from the radio with low latency. Running from 3.3 V at 8-10 MHz (within the datasheet voltage-frequency envelope), the MCU spends most time in power-save mode while Timer/Counter2 running from a 32.768 kHz crystal maintains the network schedule, waking in microseconds. The 512 B SRAM handles compact 802.15.4-style frame buffers for simple star networks. Because the ATmega48/88/168/328 family shares one pinout, a node can migrate to the 32 KB ATMEGA328P-MU when the application grows to full mesh stacks without a PCB respin.
推荐
Hobby, Education, and Rapid Prototyping
The ATmega48PA is a staple in education and maker projects because it uses the same AVR ISP toolchain (AVRDUDE, Microchip Studio, Arduino-as-ISP) as the widely documented ATmega328P, and the same 32-pin VQFN footprint allows direct reuse of breakout boards and reference schematics. At 20 MIPS (about 1 MIPS per MHz from 131 mostly single-cycle instructions), it executes C code written in AVR-GCC with predictable timing for bit-banged protocols. The internal 8 MHz RC oscillator lets students build working systems with zero external timing components, while a crystal option demonstrates precision timing concepts. With pricing near 1.85 USD for single units as of 2026-09-18, it is economical for classroom kits, and the 10,000-cycle Flash endurance survives thousands of re-programming cycles during lab coursework.
推荐
Analog Signal Acquisition Front-Ends
The ATMEGA48PA-MU integrates a 10-bit successive-approximation ADC with 8 single-ended channels and differential modes with 1x/8x/20x/32x programmable gain, letting it digitize small sensor signals directly. In weight-scale and thermocouple front-ends, the differential 20x gain mode measures low-level bridge outputs without a separate instrumentation amplifier, and the ADC Noise Reduction sleep mode stops the CPU clock during conversion to lower digital noise. The 1.1 V internal reference provides a stable full-scale independent of supply, improving absolute accuracy across a 3 V battery discharge curve. Sampling at up to roughly 15 kSPS at full resolution per the family datasheet, the ADC suits DC and low-frequency measurement. The 256 B EEPROM stores calibration coefficients that survive power cycles, eliminating trim potentiometers from the design.
推荐
推荐产品汇总
工程参考数据： ATMEGA48PA-MU ——对比、设计指导和合规信息。
选型指南
与替代料对比
| 参数 | 本产品 | ATMEGA48A-MU | ATMEGA48PB-MU | ATMEGA88PA-MU | ATMEGA328P-MU |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Package | VQFN-32 (5x5 mm) | VQFN-32 (5x5 mm) - same | VQFN-32 (5x5 mm) - same | VQFN-32 (5x5 mm) - same | VQFN-32 (5x5 mm) - same |
| Brand | Microchip Technology | Microchip Technology | Microchip Technology | Microchip Technology | Microchip Technology |
| Flash Memory | 4 KB | 4 KB | 4 KB | 8 KB | 32 KB |
| SRAM | 512 B | 512 B | 512 B | 1 KB | 2 KB |
| EEPROM | 256 B | 256 B | 256 B | 512 B | 1 KB |
| Maximum Clock Frequency | 20 MHz | 20 MHz | 20 MHz | 20 MHz | 20 MHz |
| Supply Voltage Range | 1.8 V to 5.5 V (picoPower) | 2.7 V to 5.5 V (non-picoPower) | 1.8 V to 5.5 V | 1.8 V to 5.5 V | 1.8 V to 5.5 V |
关键差异点
- picoPower low-voltage operation （对比 ATMEGA48A-MU)
- Lowest-cost entry to the pin-compatible ATmega ladder （对比 ATMEGA328P-MU)
- Successor availability with documented cautions （对比 ATMEGA48PB-MU)
设计说明
Decouple both VCC pins (VQFN pins 4 and 6) and AVCC with 100 nF ceramic capacitors placed within 3 mm of each pin, plus a 10 uF bulk capacitor near the supply entry. For lowest power-down current, disable the brown-out detector via fuse in software-controlled battery products, and avoid leaving floating input pins - enable internal pull-ups on unused GPIO, since floating inputs through the Schmitt trigger can add several uA of shoot-through current. Estimated: a 0.1 uA power-down budget can be doubled by just one floating pin, so GPIO configuration is part of the power design.
Solder the VQFN exposed die pad to a grounded PCB pad with a via array (at least 3x3 of 0.3 mm vias) even though the pad is internally connected to GND - this improves mechanical reliability and thermal performance of the 5x5 mm package. Use solder mask-defined pads per Microchip's MLF application guidance, and inspect with X-ray or use a windowed stencil (approximately 70% coverage) because hidden joints under QFN packages are a common production defect.
Do not clock the part above the datasheet frequency limit for the applied VCC: 20 MHz requires 4.5 V to 5.5 V, roughly 10 MHz at 3 V, and 4 MHz at 1.8 V. A frequent field failure is running a 16 MHz crystal at 3.3 V, which is marginally out of spec. Also remember PB6/PB7 function as XTAL1/XTAL2 only when an external clock/crystal fuse option is selected; otherwise they are GPIO. When migrating to ATMEGA48PB, respect the pin 3 (GND) and pin 6 (VCC) drive restrictions documented by Microchip.
Keep the ADC analog ground region separate from digital return paths: connect AVCC to VCC through an LC filter (10 uH inductor or ferrite bead plus 100 nF) and route analog traces away from USART/SPI lines. In ADC Noise Reduction sleep mode the core clock is halted, yielding measurably lower conversion noise - schedule conversions from this mode in precision measurement designs. Reference selection matters: the 1.1 V internal bandgap is convenient but wide-tolerance; use an external AREF reference for accuracy-critical designs.
合规信息
GREEN package per distributor datasheet summary (lead-free, halogen-free, RoHS compliant). Industrial temperature grade; not AEC-Q100 automotive qualified.
