TSHA4401 - 875nm GaAlAs IR Emitter, 3mm T-1 | Vishay
料号： TSHA4401 ✓ 量产中| 数量 | 单价 | 小计 |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | $1.42 | $1.42 |
| 10 | $1.28 | $12.80 |
| 100 | $1.05 | $105.00 |
| 500 | $0.88 | $440.00 |
| 1,000 | $0.72 | $720.00 |
TSHA4401 概述
An infrared emitting diode (IRED) is a semiconductor light source that emits near-infrared radiation (typically 700 nm to 1100 nm) when forward-biased. Unlike visible-light LEDs that target human-perceivable wavelengths, IREDs are paired with photodetectors or phototransistors to create optoelectronic links. In the component hierarchy, the TSHA4401 sits within optoelectronics -> LEDs -> infrared emitters -> GaAlAs IREDs. The 875 nm wavelength is particularly favored because it exhibits low absorption in standard glass, enabling operation through transmissive panes in industrial enclosures, automotive windows, and household appliances.
Key differentiating features include high radiant intensity (16 mW/sr typical at 100 mA), narrow 40-degree beam angle for focused emission, fast switching with 600 ns rise/fall times, and a wide operating temperature range of -40C to +85C. Compared to standard GaAs-on-GaAs emitters at similar drive currents, the GaAlAs construction typically delivers several times the radiant intensity, allowing longer link distances or lower drive current for equivalent optical output. The 875 nm wavelength is matched to common silicon photodetectors (BPW34, BPV10) whose peak spectral response lies in the 850-950 nm band, maximizing receiver sensitivity without requiring special infrared filters.
Architecturally, the TSHA4401 uses a double-heterojunction GaAlAs active region sandwiched between wider-bandgap AlGaAs cladding layers, which confines carriers to the active zone and boosts internal quantum efficiency. The molded epoxy lens is spectrally matched to the 875 nm emission and forms a narrow optical aperture that defines the 40-degree half-angle. The device is electrically a standard two-terminal diode - anode and cathode through radial leads - with no integrated driver, ESD clamp, or current-limiting resistor; the application circuit must provide a current source or series resistor.
Typical applications include IR data transmission (IrDA-like links), optical encoders and interrupter modules, reflective object sensors, industrial remote controls, smoke and particulate detectors, and automotive interior sensing through glass panels. The 875 nm wavelength also aligns with night-vision camera sensitivity bands used in surveillance and machine vision.
When designing with the TSHA4401, drive the LED with a controlled current source (or a resistor calculated from (Vsupply - Vf)/If) and add a small NPN transistor or MOSFET for high-frequency modulation - direct logic-level drive without current limiting will damage the junction. Decoupling the supply near the driver reduces conducted noise on nearby analog stages. For long-range links, pulse the LED at 100 mA peak rather than continuous DC to maximize radiant intensity while staying within the average power dissipation budget of 180 mW.
直接替换替代料： TSHA4401 ——相同封装，引脚兼容。需要 PCB 改动的不同封装料号已排除。
本系列中的变体
可与以下型号直接替换的同系列型号： TSHA4401 （相同外形与封装尺寸） ——差异在于 Mounting Type, RoHS Status.
快速对比工具——选择替代料号进行并排对比：
TSHA4400
✅ 直接替换📋 参考替代料（不在目录中）
TSHA4403
✅ 直接替换📋 参考替代料（不在目录中）
TSAL6100
✅ 直接替换📋 参考替代料（不在目录中）
IR333-A
✅ 直接替换📋 参考替代料（不在目录中）
LTE-4206
✅ 直接替换📋 参考替代料（不在目录中）
TSHA4401 规格参数
| Peak Wavelength | 875 nm |
| Spectral Bandwidth | 80 nm |
| Forward Voltage (Typ) | 1.5 V at 100 mA |
| Forward Voltage (Max) | 3.2 V |
| Reverse Voltage (Max) | 5 V |
| Continuous Forward Current (Max) | 100 mA |
| Reverse Current (Max) | 100 nA at 5 V |
| Power Dissipation (Max) | 180 mW |
| Radiant Intensity (Typ) | 16 mW/sr at 100 mA |
| Viewing Angle | 40 degrees |
| Rise Time (Typ) | 600 ns |
| Fall Time (Typ) | 600 ns |
| 工作温度 | -40C to +85C |
| 封装 | T-1 (3 mm), through-hole radial |
| Lens Type | Clear, untinted epoxy |
| Technology | GaAlAs on GaAlAs heterojunction |
| 安装类型 | Through-Hole (Radial) |
| RoHS 状态 | Compliant |
TSHA4401 引脚配置
| 引脚 1 | Anode — Positive terminal (longer lead) |
| 引脚 2 | Cathode — Negative terminal (shorter lead, marked by flat on package body) |
典型应用
TSHA4401 适用于 7 应用s: IR Data Transmission Through Glass, Optical Encoders and Interrupter Modules, Reflective Object and Proximity Sensors, Industrial Remote Controls and HMIs, Smoke and Particulate Detectors, Automotive Interior Sensing Through Glass, Night-Vision and Machine Vision Illumination.
IR Data Transmission Through Glass
The TSHA4401's 875 nm peak wavelength is specifically optimized to pass through standard soda-lime and borosilicate glass with minimal absorption, unlike 940 nm emitters that suffer higher attenuation. With 16 mW/sr typical radiant intensity at 100 mA and a 40-degree beam, the device reliably drives IrDA-like links across glass-enclosed industrial panels, point-of-sale terminals behind windows, and inter-device communication between separated enclosures. The 600 ns rise/fall times support modulation up to approximately 500 kHz, sufficient for SIR (115.2 kbps) and most proprietary IR protocols. Designers typically pulse the LED at 50-100 mA with a 20-50% duty cycle to maximize link range while respecting the 180 mW dissipation budget; a small MOSFET driver between the logic-level signal and the LED provides the necessary current switching. The 875 nm wavelength also matches common photodetectors such as the BPW34, ensuring high receiver sensitivity.
推荐
Optical Encoders and Interrupter Modules
The TSHA4401 paired with a slotted phototransistor forms the transmit half of an optical interrupter or rotary encoder module. The 3 mm T-1 radial package slots into standard encoder housings, and the 40-degree viewing angle gives sufficient alignment tolerance for mass-production assembly. Switching speeds of 600 ns enable reliable detection of slotted wheels rotating up to several thousand RPM, since each pulse edge resolves cleanly without ringing. In reflective encoder configurations, the 16 mW/sr intensity provides ample return signal from white/printed encoder tapes at distances of 5-15 mm. The wide -40C to +85C operating range supports industrial encoder applications including motor feedback, printer paper sensors, and conveyor belt position tracking.
推荐
Reflective Object and Proximity Sensors
In reflective IR sensors the TSHA4401 illuminates a target surface and a co-located photodiode measures the returned diffuse reflection. The 875 nm wavelength produces strong diffuse reflectance from most natural and synthetic surfaces while remaining invisible to the human eye. With 16 mW/sr intensity and a 40-degree beam, the emitter establishes a usable sensing cone covering approximately 50 mm diameter at a 30 mm target distance - ideal for paper detection in printers, liquid-level sensing through translucent tanks, and proximity detection in vending and ticket-dispensing machines. A pulsed drive (typically 1-10 kHz with 10% duty cycle) rejects ambient light and allows the receiver amplifier to use narrow-band AC coupling, improving signal-to-noise ratio in brightly lit environments.
推荐
Industrial Remote Controls and HMIs
Handheld IR remote controls for industrial equipment, crane controls, and machine HMI panels benefit from the TSHA4401's high radiant intensity and narrow beam. The 40-degree half-angle allows operators to aim casually without precise pointing, while 16 mW/sr ensures reliable command reception at distances up to 10 meters when paired with a properly aligned receiver module. The GaAlAs technology produces several times the intensity of older GaAs emitters, enabling longer ranges or lower battery current drain for the same link margin. The T-1 through-hole package suits wave-soldered industrial PCBs and is rated for the -40C to +85C industrial environment. Designers typically encode commands with a 36-40 kHz carrier to leverage common receiver modules such as the TSOP38238 or TSOP1738.
推荐
Smoke and Particulate Detectors
Smoke detectors using the light-scattering principle rely on a pulsed IR emitter inside a dark sensing chamber; smoke particles entering the chamber scatter the IR light onto a co-located photodiode, triggering the alarm. The TSHA4401's 875 nm wavelength matches silicon photodetector peak response, maximizing receiver signal for a given LED drive current. The fast 600 ns rise/fall times enable short high-current pulses (often 200-500 mA peak for a few microseconds) that boost scatter signal without exceeding average power dissipation. The T-1 package fits standard smoke-detector mechanical housings, and the wide operating temperature range supports garage, basement, and unheated attic installations where ambient temperatures swing seasonally.
推荐
Automotive Interior Sensing Through Glass
The TSHA4401 is well suited to automotive interior applications such as cabin monitoring, intrusion detection through windshield glass, and gesture-sensor reference designs. The 875 nm wavelength passes through automotive windshield and window glass with low attenuation, allowing sensors mounted behind glass to illuminate cabin occupants for presence, seat-occupancy, or driver-attention monitoring. The wide -40C to +85C operating range meets automotive interior temperature requirements, though for under-hood applications designers should verify with Vishay for extended +125C ratings. The 16 mW/sr intensity provides adequate optical return for time-of-flight and structured-light depth sensors operating at distances up to 1-2 meters when pulsed at peak currents.
推荐
Night-Vision and Machine Vision Illumination
The 875 nm peak wavelength of the TSHA4401 falls within the sensitivity band of silicon CCD and CMOS image sensors used in surveillance and machine-vision cameras, making it an effective covert illuminator for night-vision applications. The 16 mW/sr radiant intensity, when combined with a multi-LED array and narrow-beam optics, can illuminate subjects at 5-20 meters for cameras equipped with 850-900 nm bandpass filters. Designers typically drive multiple TSHA4401 units in series at 50-100 mA each through a constant-current driver such as the LM3409 or LT3741, with PWM dimming to control illumination intensity without color-temperature shift. The clear untinted epoxy lens preserves the 875 nm spectral purity required for matched-filter camera systems.
推荐
推荐产品汇总
工程参考数据： TSHA4401 ——对比、设计指导和合规信息。
选型指南
与替代料对比
| 参数 | 本产品 | TSHA4400 | TSHA4403 | TSAL6100 | IR333-A | LTE-4206 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Brand | Vishay | Vishay | Vishay | Vishay | Everlight | LiteOn |
| Package | T-1 (3 mm) radial | T-1 (3 mm) radial - same | T-1 (3 mm) radial - same | T-1 (3 mm) radial - same | T-1 (3 mm) radial - same | T-1 (3 mm) radial - same |
| Peak Wavelength | 875 nm | 875 nm | 875 nm | 940 nm | 850 nm | 940 nm |
| Radiant Intensity (Typ @ 100 mA) | 16 mW/sr | ~25 mW/sr (narrower beam) | ~8 mW/sr (wider beam) | ~20 mW/sr | 7.8 mW/sr | ~12 mW/sr |
| Viewing Angle | 40 degrees | 20 degrees | 60 degrees | 20 degrees | 30 degrees | 30 degrees |
| Forward Current (Max) | 100 mA | 100 mA | 100 mA | 100 mA | 100 mA | 100 mA |
| Forward Voltage (Typ) | 1.5 V | 1.5 V | 1.5 V | 1.35 V | 1.4 V | 1.2 V |
| Operating Temperature | -40C to +85C | -40C to +85C | -40C to +85C | -40C to +85C | -40C to +85C | -40C to +85C |
关键差异点
- 875 nm peak wavelength optimized for low glass absorption （对比 TSAL6100 (940 nm))
- Wider 40-degree beam angle for flexible alignment （对比 TSHA4400 (20 degrees))
- Higher radiant intensity per mA than GaAs emitters （对比 LTE-4206 (GaAs at 940 nm))
设计说明
Drive the TSHA4401 with a current source or a properly sized series resistor calculated as R = (Vsupply - Vf) / If. With Vf typical of 1.5 V at 100 mA and a 5 V logic supply, R = (5 - 1.5) / 0.1 = 35 ohms, choosing the next standard value of 33 ohms or 39 ohms. For pulsed applications, ensure the average current stays below 100 mA continuous, but peak current can reach several hundred mA for short pulses - just respect the 180 mW power dissipation budget.
Do not drive the TSHA4401 directly from a logic-level GPIO pin without a current-limiting resistor - the resulting inrush current will exceed 100 mA and damage the junction. For high-frequency modulation (above a few kHz), use a transistor or MOSFET driver because the GPIO drive strength combined with the LED's low dynamic resistance leads to non-linear current waveforms and excessive EMI. Add a small base resistor (1 kohm) when using a BJT driver to limit base current and prevent saturation overshoot.
When mounting the TSHA4401 on a PCB, observe the standard 2.54 mm (0.1 inch) lead pitch and provide strain relief bends on through-hole leads to prevent mechanical stress cracking the epoxy body. For reflective sensors, maintain a 5-15 mm spacing between the emitter and the co-located photodetector with a light baffle between them to prevent direct optical crosstalk. Keep the LED leads short to minimize parasitic inductance that can cause ringing on fast-modulated pulses.
At maximum continuous forward current of 100 mA with Vf of 1.5 V, the TSHA4401 dissipates approximately 150 mW - close to the 180 mW absolute maximum. Estimated: assuming a theta_JA of 200 C/W for the T-1 package, junction temperature rise above ambient is roughly 30C, giving a maximum ambient of +55C if operated at maximum continuous current. Derate current at higher ambient temperatures or use pulsed operation to stay within safe thermal limits.
For modulated IR links, use a 36-40 kHz carrier with matched receiver modules such as the TSOP38238 to maximize ambient-light rejection. The TSHA4401's 600 ns rise/fall times comfortably support this carrier frequency. Add a small RC low-pass filter on the LED supply line to suppress high-frequency supply noise that could otherwise couple into the receiver channel through ground bounce.
合规信息
RoHS compliant per Vishay product page. Through-hole T-1 package is not qualified to AEC-Q100 (automotive); consult Vishay for automotive-grade variants. Lead-free and RoHS-compliant since introduction.
