ATMEGA168-20MQ - 20MHz AVR 16KB Flash MCU | Microchip
MPN: ATMEGA168-20MQ ✓ نشطATMEGA168-20MQ نظرة عامة
An 8-bit AVR microcontroller is a Harvard-architecture RISC processor that combines program flash, data SRAM, and peripherals such as timers, UART, SPI, I2C (TWI), and ADC on a single chip. Within the power-management hierarchy of embedded systems, the ATmega168-class MCU occupies the entry-to-mid general-purpose controller tier, sitting above tinyAVR devices and below the 32-bit Cortex-M families. It is the classic engine of the Arduino ecosystem.
Key features include 131 mostly single-cycle instructions, 23 general-purpose I/O lines, 32 general-purpose working registers, an 8-channel 10-bit ADC, debugWIRE on-chip debug, and 1.8 V to 5.5 V family operation (20 MHz speed grade requires 4.5 V to 5.5 V). The Q variant suffix denotes extended temperature and green/RoHS packaging.
Technically, the advanced RISC core pipelines instruction fetch and execution so most instructions complete in one clock cycle, while read-while-write flash self-programming enables in-system firmware updates. Two 8-bit timers, one 16-bit timer, and a watchdog give flexible timing control, and the USART/SPI/TWI peripherals cover most serial connectivity needs.
Typical applications include industrial sensors and controls, consumer appliances, and Arduino-compatible embedded designs where the compact 5x5 mm MLF footprint conserves PCB area.
Design consideration: at 20 MHz the device must operate from 4.5 V to 5.5 V; decouple VCC/AVCC pins with 0.1 uF ceramics placed directly at the pads.
This page synthesizes distributor pricing, drop-in alternatives, and practical design notes not found in the manufacturer datasheet.
بدائل مباشرة لـ ATMEGA168-20MQ — نفس الحزمة، متوافق دبوس بدبوس. تُستثنى القطع ذات الحزم المختلفة التي تتطلب تعديل PCB.
الطرازات في هذه السلسلة
طرازات من نفس السلسلة متوافقة تمامًا مع ATMEGA168-20MQ (نفس عامل الشكل والبصمة) — يختلف في Package, Programming, RoHS Status, ADC, Operating Temperature.
ATMEGA168-20MU
✅ بديل مباشر ⚠️ مواصفات غير مُتحقق منهاتواصل لمعرفة السعر
عرض ورقة البيانات ←ATMEGA168-20MUR
✅ بديل مباشر ⚠️ مواصفات غير مُتحقق منهاتواصل لمعرفة السعر
عرض ورقة البيانات ←ATMEGA168-15MD
✅ بديل مباشرتواصل لمعرفة السعر
عرض ورقة البيانات ←ATMEGA168V-10MU
✅ بديل مباشر ⚠️ مواصفات غير مُتحقق منهاتواصل لمعرفة السعر
عرض ورقة البيانات ←ATMEGA328P-MU
✅ بديل مباشر ⚠️ مواصفات غير مُتحقق منهاتواصل لمعرفة السعر
عرض ورقة البيانات ←ATMEGA88-20MU
✅ بديل مباشر ⚠️ مواصفات غير مُتحقق منهاتواصل لمعرفة السعر
عرض ورقة البيانات ←ATMEGA168-20MQ الحدود القصوى والخصائص الكهربائية
| Core Processor | AVR |
| Core Size | 8-Bit |
| Speed | 20 MHz |
| Throughput | Up to 20 MIPS at 20 MHz |
| Flash Memory | 16 KB (8K x 16) |
| EEPROM | 512 B |
| SRAM | 1 KB |
| General Purpose I/O | 23 |
| Working Registers | 32 |
| ADC | 8-channel 10-bit (on 32-pad packages) |
| Supply Voltage (family) | 1.8 V to 5.5 V |
| Supply Voltage (20 MHz speed grade) | 4.5 V to 5.5 V |
| Communication Interfaces | USART, SPI, I2C (TWI) |
| Timers | 2 x 8-bit, 1 x 16-bit |
| Debug | debugWIRE on-chip debug system |
| العلبة | 32-VQFN (5x5 mm) with exposed pad |
| نوع التركيب | Surface Mount |
| حالة RoHS | Compliant (green package) |
| Instructions | 131, most single-clock cycle |
تكوين أطراف ATMEGA168-20MQ
| دبوس 1 | PD3 — Port D, bit 3 (GPIO) |
| دبوس 2 | PD4 — Port D, bit 4 (GPIO / XCK/T0) |
| دبوس 3 | GND — Ground |
| دبوس 4 | VCC — Digital supply voltage |
| دبوس 5 | GND — Ground |
| دبوس 6 | VCC — Digital supply voltage |
| دبوس 7 | PB6 — Port B, bit 6 (GPIO / XTAL1 clock input) |
| دبوس 8 | PB7 — Port B, bit 7 (GPIO / XTAL2 clock output) |
| دبوس 9 | PD5 — Port D, bit 5 (GPIO / T1) |
| دبوس 10 | PD6 — Port D, bit 6 (GPIO / AIN0) |
| دبوس 11 | PD7 — Port D, bit 7 (GPIO / AIN1) |
| دبوس 12 | PB0 — Port B, bit 0 (GPIO / ICP1/CLKO) |
| دبوس 13 | PB1 — Port B, bit 1 (GPIO / OC1A) |
| دبوس 14 | PB2 — Port B, bit 2 (GPIO / SS/OC1B) |
| دبوس 15 | PB3 — Port B, bit 3 (GPIO / MOSI/OC2A) |
| دبوس 16 | PB4 — Port B, bit 4 (GPIO / MISO) |
| دبوس 17 | PB5 — Port B, bit 5 (GPIO / SCK) |
| دبوس 18 | AVCC — ADC supply voltage |
| دبوس 19 | ADC6 — ADC input channel 6 |
| دبوس 20 | AREF — Analog reference voltage |
| دبوس 21 | GND — Ground |
| دبوس 22 | ADC7 — ADC input channel 7 |
| دبوس 23 | PC0 — Port C, bit 0 (GPIO / ADC0) |
| دبوس 24 | PC1 — Port C, bit 1 (GPIO / ADC1) |
| دبوس 25 | PC2 — Port C, bit 2 (GPIO / ADC2) |
| دبوس 26 | PC3 — Port C, bit 3 (GPIO / ADC3) |
| دبوس 27 | PC4 — Port C, bit 4 (GPIO / ADC4/SDA) |
| دبوس 28 | PC5 — Port C, bit 5 (GPIO / ADC5/SCL) |
| دبوس 29 | PC6/RESET — Reset input or Port C, bit 6 (GPIO) |
| دبوس 30 | PD0 — Port D, bit 0 (GPIO / USART RXD) |
| دبوس 31 | PD1 — Port D, bit 1 (GPIO / USART TXD) |
| دبوس 32 | PD2 — Port D, bit 2 (GPIO / INT0) |
التطبيقات النموذجية
ATMEGA168-20MQ مناسب لـ 6 التطبيقs: Industrial Sensor Nodes, Arduino-Compatible Hobby and Makerspace Boards, Consumer Appliance Control, Battery-Powered Portable Instruments, Motor and Lighting Control, Networking and Communication Adapters.
Industrial Sensor Nodes
The ATMEGA168-20MQ fits industrial sensor nodes because its 8-channel 10-bit ADC digitizes multiple analog sensors directly, while the 1.8-5.5 V family supply range and green extended-temperature package tolerate harsh factory environments. In a typical node the MCU samples thermistors or pressure bridges through the ADC, filters locally using the 1 KB SRAM, and transmits readings via the USART or TWI bus to a gateway. Running at 20 MIPS, there is ample headroom for lightweight filtering and CRC-checked serial protocols. Operating at 5 V also gives the ADC a wide, noise-tolerant input range compared with 3.3 V controllers, improving measurement resolution in electrically noisy cabinets.
موصى به
Arduino-Compatible Hobby and Makerspace Boards
The ATMEGA168-20MQ is a natural fit for Arduino-compatible boards: the ATmega168 was one of the original Arduino core MCUs, and community toolchains such as MiniCore support it directly. Its 16 KB flash hosts a bootloader plus a modest sketch, and debugWIRE allows in-circuit debugging without extra hardware on hobbyist boards. The compact 5x5 mm QFN suits small shields and wearable-sized boards, while the 20 MHz/5 V speed grade matches classic Arduino Uno-class timing assumptions. Designers should break out PB3/PB4/PB5 plus RESET as an ISP header so end users can re-flash bootloaders on assembled boards.
موصى به
Consumer Appliance Control
Consumer appliance controllers - rice cookers, coffee machines, small HVAC units - benefit from the ATMEGA168-20MQ's combination of 23 GPIO lines, three timers, and low unit cost. Two 8-bit timers generate phase-correct PWM for heater and fan control while the 16-bit timer handles timekeeping and zero-cross detection for triac dimming. The 10-bit ADC reads NTC temperature sensors and user potentiometers, and the TWI interface drives OLED or segment display controllers. The green RoHS package meets consumer environmental compliance requirements, and the 20 MHz throughput comfortably runs state machines plus safety interlock code simultaneously.
موصى به
Battery-Powered Portable Instruments
Although the 20 MHz MQ speed grade is specified at 4.5-5.5 V, portable instrument designers still select the ATmega168 family for its power-management features: idle, ADC noise reduction, power-save, power-down, and standby sleep modes with wake on pin change, watchdog, or timer. Using ATMEGA168V-10MU variants (same footprint) enables true 1.8-5.5 V low-voltage battery operation, letting one PCB design span mains-powered (20 MHz, 5 V) and battery-powered (10 MHz, 1.8 V) product lines. The 10-bit ADC with a 1.1 V internal reference supports battery-voltage and thermistor monitoring, and the USART handles USB-bridge or RF-module communication in handheld meters.
موصى به
Motor and Lighting Control
Small motor drivers and LED lighting controllers use the ATMEGA168-20MQ's PWM resources extensively: the two 8-bit timers provide multiple phase-correct PWM channels for DC motor speed or multi-channel LED dimming, and the 16-bit timer offers input capture for fan tachometer feedback or encoder reading. At 20 MHz, PWM resolution and loop rates exceed what is needed for typical brushed-DC and fan applications, while hardware SPI can feed LED driver ICs. The 5 V logic domain interfaces directly with common gate-driver and constant-current driver ICs, and the extended-temperature Q package survives enclosed lighting fixtures where ambient temperatures run high.
موصى به
Networking and Communication Adapters
The ATMEGA168-20MQ serves in low-cost network adapters, serial-to-Ethernet bridges, and RS-485 field devices where its hardware USART, SPI, and TWI peripherals connect PHYs and transceivers. The 20 MIPS throughput sustains respectable serial line rates and interrupt-driven buffering within the 1 KB SRAM, and the 16 KB flash accommodates lightweight TCP or Modbus stacks. The extended-temperature green package suits outdoor network nodes and rooftop sensors. Designers commonly pair the MCU with external SPI Ethernet controllers or RS-485 transceivers, and read-while-write self-programming allows field firmware updates over the communication link without a programmer attached.
موصى به
ملخص المنتجات الموصى بها
بيانات مرجعية هندسية لـ ATMEGA168-20MQ — المقارنة وإرشادات التصميم ومعلومات الامتثال.
دليل الاختيار
المقارنة مع البدائل
| المعامل | هذا المنتج | ATMEGA168-20MU | ATMEGA168-15MD | ATMEGA168V-10MU | ATMEGA328P-MU | ATMEGA88-20MU |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Package | 32-VQFN (5x5 mm) MLF | 32-VQFN (5x5 mm) - same | 32-VQFN (5x5 mm) - same | 32-VQFN (5x5 mm) - same | 32-VQFN (5x5 mm) - same | 32-VQFN (5x5 mm) - same |
| Brand | Microchip Technology | Microchip Technology | Microchip Technology | Microchip Technology | Microchip Technology | Microchip Technology |
| Max Clock Speed | 20 MHz | 20 MHz | 15 MHz | 10 MHz | 20 MHz | 20 MHz |
| Flash Memory | 16 KB | 16 KB | 16 KB | 16 KB | 32 KB | 8 KB |
| SRAM | 1 KB | 1 KB | 1 KB | 1 KB | 2 KB | 512 B |
| EEPROM | 512 B | 512 B | 512 B | 512 B | 1 KB | 512 B |
| Supply Voltage at Max Speed | 4.5 V to 5.5 V | 4.5 V to 5.5 V | 4.5 V to 5.5 V | 1.8 V to 5.5 V | 1.8 V to 5.5 V (PicoPower) | 4.5 V to 5.5 V |
| GPIO / ADC Channels | 23 GPIO / 8-ch 10-bit ADC | 23 GPIO / 8-ch 10-bit ADC | 23 GPIO / 8-ch 10-bit ADC | 23 GPIO / 8-ch 10-bit ADC | 23 GPIO / 8-ch 10-bit ADC | 23 GPIO / 8-ch 10-bit ADC |
| Temperature Grade | Extended (Q suffix) | Industrial (standard U suffix) | Extended (D suffix) | Industrial (standard U suffix) | Industrial (standard U suffix) | Industrial (standard U suffix) |
أبرز الفروقات
- Extended-temperature green package in 20 MHz grade (مقابلATMEGA168-20MU)
- Double the program memory within the same 32-pad QFN footprint (مقابلATMEGA88-20MU)
- Cost advantage over the flash-upgraded variant (مقابلATMEGA328P-MU)
ملاحظات التصميم
The 20 MHz speed grade of the ATMEGA168-20MQ is only guaranteed at 4.5 V to 5.5 V. Do not attempt to run this specific part at 20 MHz from a 3.3 V rail - the family datasheet's frequency-vs-voltage curve derates maximum clock speed with falling VCC, and out-of-spec operation risks flash write corruption. For 3.3 V designs requiring the same footprint, switch to ATMEGA168V-10MU or ATMEGA328P-MU, which support 1.8 V to 5.5 V operation.
The 32-pad MLF/QFN package requires a good exposed-pad connection for grounding. Provide an array of 3x3 or 4x4 via-in-pad connections under the exposed pad to the ground plane for both thermal relief and signal integrity. Place 0.1 uF ceramic decoupling capacitors directly adjacent to both VCC pins (pads 4 and 6), AVCC (pad 18), and AREF (pad 20). Connect AVCC to VCC through a low-pass LC filter when ADC accuracy matters; never leave AVCC floating even if the ADC is unused.
On the QFN package, ADC6 and ADC7 (pads 19 and 22) exist only on TQFP/QFN parts and are dedicated ADC inputs with no digital function. Keep their traces short and away from crystal or PWM routing. If using an external crystal on PB6/PB7 (pads 7-8), keep the crystal within 5 mm of the pads with guard ground. debugWIRE shares the RESET line (pad 29) - reserve a 100-ohm series resistor footprint on RESET so debugWIRE and HV programming can coexist without PCB cuts.
PC6/RESET is configured as RESET by default and as GPIO only after clearing a fuse - changing it removes in-circuit reset capability and complicates ISP recovery. Also note that with only 16 KB flash, a bootloader plus feature-rich sketch can fill memory quickly; if firmware growth is expected over product life, prototype with the pin-identical ATMEGA328P-MU instead. Verify the Q-suffix extended temperature rating against your enclosure thermal profile before final qualification.
معلومات الامتثال
Distributor listings state 'RoHS Compliant' and 'GREEN' package for the MQ suffix. REACH, halogen-free, and conflict-minerals status not stated in provided data.
