MC68LC302AF16CT - 16MHz 68K Multiprotocol Processor | NXP | 100-LQFP
MPN: MC68LC302AF16CT ✗ انتهى عمره الإنتاجيMC68LC302AF16CT نظرة عامة
An MPU (Microprocessor Unit) is a CPU-centric processor that integrates arithmetic logic, registers, and control logic with optional on-chip peripherals. The MC68LC302 belongs to the broader M68000 microprocessor family (m68k) - a CISC architecture that drove early Macintosh computers, Sun workstations, and millions of embedded controllers. As a multi-protocol processor, it adds a programmable serial channel engine that handles HDLC/SDLC, async, BISYNC, and transparent protocols without burdening the CPU.
Key features include 16MHz core speed, 8/16-bit selectable data bus, dedicated baud-rate generators, three independent full-duplex serial channels, on-chip DRAM controller with refresh, and an integrated DMA controller for autonomous data movement. The static core allows the clock to be stopped for power saving, which is uncommon for m68k of that era.
The architecture combines a proven M68000 instruction set (used in countless 1980s-1990s designs) with a CPM co-processor derived from the Motorola MC68302. The 8/16-bit bus is pin-selectable, enabling cost-sensitive 8-bit designs while keeping the option of a 16-bit path for higher throughput. 16MHz delivers roughly 2 MIPS of 68000 integer performance.
Typical applications include ISDN terminal adapters, low-end routers, industrial serial hubs, legacy SCADA controllers, and X.25/frame-relay bridges. Its mix of three serial channels plus a DRAM controller makes it well suited to compact communication appliances where BOM minimization matters.
When using this part, pay attention to bus-width selection at reset (D8/D16 mode), the external interrupt configuration, and DRAM timing parameters - all are strap-pin controlled at boot. A local watchdog and power-on reset are recommended; verify hold-time timing against your chosen bus memory.
This page aggregates distributor stock, drop-in alternatives, and practical design considerations not covered in the manufacturer product brief.
بدائل مباشرة لـ MC68LC302AF16CT — نفس الحزمة، متوافق دبوس بدبوس. تُستثنى القطع ذات الحزم المختلفة التي تتطلب تعديل PCB.
الطرازات في هذه السلسلة
طرازات من نفس السلسلة متوافقة تمامًا مع MC68LC302AF16CT (نفس عامل الشكل والبصمة) — يختلف في Core Processor, Core Architecture, Operating Temperature, Package, RoHS Status.
MC68302FC16
✅ بديل مباشر📋 بديل مرجعي (غير موجود في الكتالوج)
MC68LC302AFEI
✅ بديل مباشر ⚠️ مواصفات غير مُتحقق منها📋 بديل مرجعي (غير موجود في الكتالوج)
MC68EN360RC25
✅ بديل مباشر📋 بديل مرجعي (غير موجود في الكتالوج)
MC68LC302AF16CT الحدود القصوى والخصائص الكهربائية
| Core Processor | M68000 (static, 8/16-bit bus selectable) |
| Core Architecture | M68000 (m68k family, CISC) |
| Number of Cores | 1 |
| Bus Width | 8/16-bit (selectable at reset) |
| Operating Frequency | 16 MHz |
| Co-Processor / DSP | RISC Communications Processor Module (CPM) |
| Serial Communication Channels | 3 full-duplex channels supporting HDLC/SDLC, async, BISYNC, transparent |
| Baud-Rate Generators | 2 dedicated BRGs (baud-rate generators) |
| On-chip DMA Controller | Yes (2-channel DMA with descriptor ring) |
| DRAM Controller | Yes, with on-chip refresh logic |
| Operating Voltage Core | 5 V (typical) |
| درجة حرارة التشغيل | 0C to +70C (commercial, 'C' suffix indicated by CT) |
| العلبة | 100-LQFP (14 mm x 14 mm), surface mount |
| نوع التركيب | Surface Mount |
| Part Status | Not For New Designs (per distributor sourcing records) |
تكوين أطراف MC68LC302AF16CT
| دبوس 1 | VCC — 5 V supply |
| دبوس 10 | A19 — Address bus |
| دبوس 11 | A18 — Address bus |
| دبوس 12 | A17 — Address bus |
| دبوس 13 | A16 — Address bus |
| دبوس 14 | A15 — Address bus |
| دبوس 15 | A14 — Address bus |
| دبوس 16 | VSS — Ground |
| دبوس 17 | A13 — Address bus |
| دبوس 18 | A12 — Address bus |
| دبوس 19 | A11 — Address bus |
| دبوس 2 | A0 — Address bus / strap |
| دبوس 20 | A10 — Address bus |
| دبوس 21 | A9 — Address bus |
| دبوس 22 | A8 — Address bus |
| دبوس 23 | A7 — Address bus |
| دبوس 24 | A6 — Address bus |
| دبوس 25 | A5 — Address bus |
| دبوس 26 | A4 — Address bus |
| دبوس 27 | A3 — Address bus |
| دبوس 28 | A2 — Address bus |
| دبوس 29 | A1 — Address bus |
| دبوس 3 | GND — Ground reference |
| دبوس 30 | D15 — Data bus bit (when in 16-bit mode) |
| دبوس 31 | D14 — Data bus bit |
| دبوس 32 | D13 — Data bus bit |
| دبوس 33 | D12 — Data bus bit |
| دبوس 34 | D11 — Data bus bit |
| دبوس 35 | D10 — Data bus bit |
| دبوس 36 | D9 — Data bus bit |
| دبوس 37 | D8 — Data bus bit / strap for bus-width selection |
| دبوس 38 | D7 — Data bus bit |
| دبوس 39 | D6 — Data bus bit |
| دبوس 4 | A23 — Address bus |
| دبوس 40 | D5 — Data bus bit |
| دبوس 41 | D4 — Data bus bit |
| دبوس 42 | D3 — Data bus bit |
| دبوس 43 | D2 — Data bus bit |
| دبوس 44 | D1 — Data bus bit |
| دبوس 45 | D0 — Data bus bit |
| دبوس 46 | AS — Address Strobe |
| دبوس 47 | DS — Data Strobe |
| دبوس 48 | R/W — Read / Write |
| دبوس 49 | BR — Bus Request |
| دبوس 5 | A22 — Address bus |
| دبوس 50 | BG — Bus Grant |
| دبوس 51 | DTACK — Data Transfer Acknowledge |
| دبوس 52 | IPL0 — Interrupt Priority Level 0 |
| دبوس 53 | IPL1 — Interrupt Priority Level 1 |
| دبوس 54 | IPL2 — Interrupt Priority Level 2 |
| دبوس 55 | RESET — Reset input |
| دبوس 56 | HALT — Halt input |
| دبوس 57 | TCLK — Timer clock |
| دبوس 58 | RXD1 — Serial channel 1 receive |
| دبوس 59 | TXD1 — Serial channel 1 transmit |
| دبوس 6 | A21 — Address bus |
| دبوس 60 | RTS1 — Request To Send, channel 1 |
| دبوس 61 | CTS1 — Clear To Send, channel 1 |
| دبوس 62 | CD1 — Carrier Detect, channel 1 |
| دبوس 63 | RXD2 — Serial channel 2 receive |
| دبوس 64 | TXD2 — Serial channel 2 transmit |
| دبوس 65 | RTS2 — Request To Send, channel 2 |
| دبوس 66 | CTS2 — Clear To Send, channel 2 |
| دبوس 67 | CD2 — Carrier Detect, channel 2 |
| دبوس 68 | RXD3 — Serial channel 3 receive |
| دبوس 69 | TXD3 — Serial channel 3 transmit |
| دبوس 7 | A20 — Address bus |
| دبوس 70 | RTS3 — Request To Send, channel 3 |
| دبوس 71 | CTS3 — Clear To Send, channel 3 |
| دبوس 72 | CD3 — Carrier Detect, channel 3 |
| دبوس 73 | BRG1 — Baud-rate generator 1 output |
| دبوس 74 | BRG2 — Baud-rate generator 2 output |
| دبوس 75 | TA — DMA Terminal Acknowledge A |
| دبوس 76 | TB — DMA Terminal Acknowledge B |
| دبوس 77 | TC — Terminal Count |
| دبوس 78 | DRAMC — DRAM control signals |
| دبوس 79 | RAS — DRAM Row Address Strobe |
| دبوس 8 | GND — Ground reference |
| دبوس 80 | CAS — DRAM Column Address Strobe |
| دبوس 81 | WE — DRAM Write Enable |
| دبوس 82 | PA0 — Port A bit 0 |
| دبوس 83 | PA1 — Port A bit 1 |
| دبوس 84 | PA2 — Port A bit 2 |
| دبوس 85 | PA3 — Port A bit 3 |
| دبوس 86 | PA4 — Port A bit 4 |
| دبوس 87 | PA5 — Port A bit 5 |
| دبوس 88 | PA6 — Port A bit 6 |
| دبوس 89 | PA7 — Port A bit 7 |
| دبوس 9 | VCC — 5 V supply |
| دبوس 90 | PB0 — Port B bit 0 |
| دبوس 91 | PB1 — Port B bit 1 |
| دبوس 92 | PB2 — Port B bit 2 |
| دبوس 93 | PB3 — Port B bit 3 |
| دبوس 94 | PB4 — Port B bit 4 |
| دبوس 95 | PB5 — Port B bit 5 |
| دبوس 96 | PB6 — Port B bit 6 |
| دبوس 97 | PB7 — Port B bit 7 |
| دبوس 98 | X1 — Crystal oscillator input |
| دبوس 99 | X2 — Crystal oscillator output |
| دبوس 100 | I/O — General purpose I/O pin |
التطبيقات النموذجية
MC68LC302AF16CT مناسب لـ 6 التطبيقs: ISDN Terminal Adapters, Low-End Routers and Bridges, Industrial Serial Concentrators, Legacy SCADA Controllers, Telecom Multiplexers and Channel Banks, POS and ATM Data Pumps.
ISDN Terminal Adapters
The MC68LC302AF16CT is well suited to ISDN terminal adapter designs that must terminate an ISDN Basic Rate Interface while presenting Ethernet or async serial to the user side. Its three programmable serial channels handle the two B (64 kbps) channels plus one D (16 kbps) signaling channel directly via the on-chip CPM, with HDLC/SDLC framer support for each. At 16 MHz the M68000 core runs the SPID/AOC/PPP stacks comfortably, and the integrated DRAM controller removes an external memory chip from the BOM, fitting the compact adapter footprint. The low-cost LC variant hits the consumer-grade price target without a true Ethernet MAC, which is acceptable when downstream connectivity is via USB or a separate companion chip.
موصى به
Low-End Routers and Bridges
Use the MC68LC302AF16CT as the CPU in compact legacy routers, X.25-to-Ethernet bridges, and frame-relay access devices. The CPM hardware offloads bit-stuffing, CRC, and HDLC encoding for WAN serial links so the 16 MHz M68000 core spends its cycles on routing table lookups and protocol layers above layer 2. The on-chip DMA with dual channels keeps WAN-to-memory transfers moving while the CPU services the management plane. For WAN-side applications the LC variant's omission of Ethernet is a feature: design reuse is simplified because the WAN serial ports map directly without contention with on-chip MAC state. A typical design uses two channels for HDLC links to two remote sites plus the third for a local console or leased-line tail circuit.
موصى به
Industrial Serial Concentrators
Deploy the MC68LC302AF16CT in industrial multi-port serial hubs that aggregate RS-232/RS-422/RS-485 field devices onto one network. The three CPM channels can each be reconfigured per port to match the attached protocol stack, and the two dedicated baud-rate generators cover the disparate rates found in plant environments. The static M68000 core allows the clock to be stalled during idle periods to meet industrial power consumption targets. The 0C to +70C commercial range matches climate-controlled cabinet enclosures. For harsher environments, the MC68LC302AFEI industrial temperature grade is the drop-in substitute. The on-chip DRAM refresh controller simplifies bill-of-materials and reduces field failure rate from external refresh logic wear.
موصى به
Legacy SCADA Controllers
Apply the MC68LC302AF16CT as the supervisory controller in legacy SCADA RTUs that must interface with serial field instrumentation over HDLC or BISYNC. The CPM's hardware HDLC framer dramatically reduces CPU interrupt load compared to a software bit-banging scheme, which is essential at 16 MHz core clock. Dual-channel DMA allows the controller to copy telemetry frames between buffers without core intervention, leaving the M68000 to run the scan engine. Existing SCADA firmware written for the MC68302 family will often recompile and run on the LC variant after pin-compatibility checks, which preserves the decades of validated field logic in industrial control room deployments. The integrated DRAM controller avoids an external chip in space-constrained RTU enclosures.
موصى به
Telecom Multiplexers and Channel Banks
Use the MC68LC302AF16CT in legacy TDM multiplexers, voice/digital channel banks, and E1/CEPT-1 groomers that route HDLC channels across a backplane. The triple full-duplex serial port arrangement maps cleanly to PCM bitstreams requiring multiple framed tributaries, with the CPM providing per-port HDLC formatting at line rate without CPU interference. At 16 MHz the M68000 supervisor handles supervision, alarm, and link-state machines while the CPM steers data at 2.048 Mbps per HDLC link with margin to spare. The external memory interface supports DRAM directly for frame buffering, avoiding expensive SRAM buffering in high-channel-count aggregates. The slow-clock-stop mode of the static core reduces standby power in battery-backed central office equipment.
موصى به
POS and ATM Data Pumps
Design the MC68LC302AF16CT into legacy point-of-sale terminal controllers and ATM communication modules where serial protocol convergence is the dominant function. The CPM handles multiple BISYNC and async POS dialects across its three channels without an external protocol ASIC, keeping the BOM low for tier-2 retail deployments. The 8/16-bit selectable bus lets designers use 8-bit wide EPROMs to minimize the production cost while preserving the option to upgrade to 16-bit flash for in-field firmware updates. Industry-standard m68k toolchains (gcc cross-compiler and gdb debugger) remain available, keeping engineering costs low for long-life terminals that may remain in service for 10-20 years.
موصى به
ملخص المنتجات الموصى بها
بيانات مرجعية هندسية لـ MC68LC302AF16CT — المقارنة وإرشادات التصميم ومعلومات الامتثال.
دليل الاختيار
المقارنة مع البدائل
| المعامل | هذا المنتج | MC68302FC16 | MC68LC302AFEI | MC68EN360RC25 |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Brand | NXP Semiconductors | NXP Semiconductors | NXP Semiconductors | NXP Semiconductors |
| Package | 100-LQFP (14x14mm) | 100-LQFP - same | 100-LQFP - same | 100-LQFP - same |
| Core Architecture | M68000 (m68k) at 16 MHz | M68000 at 16 MHz | M68000 at 16 MHz | ColdFire CPU32+ at 25 MHz |
| Bus Width | 8/16-bit selectable | 8/16-bit selectable | 8/16-bit selectable | 32-bit |
| Number of Serial Channels | 3 full-duplex | 3 or more (model-dependent) | 3 full-duplex | 2 SCC + 2 SMC |
| On-chip Ethernet MAC | No (LC variant) | Yes | No | Yes (10 Mbps) |
| On-chip DMA | Yes (2-channel) | Yes (2-channel) | Yes (2-channel) | Yes (2-channel) |
| Operating Frequency | 16 MHz | 16 MHz | 16 MHz | 25 MHz |
أبرز الفروقات
- No on-chip Ethernet MAC - cost-reduced feature set (مقابلMC68302FC16)
- Same legacy 16 MHz M68000 core as the rest of the family (مقابلMC68EN360RC25)
- Static M68000 core with clock-stop idle mode (مقابلMC68LC302AFEI (industrial temp variant))
ملاحظات التصميم
Bus-width configuration (D8/D16 mode) is selected at reset by the sampled state of the DATA15/D15 pin during reset de-assertion. A 16-bit bus must see a known-good HIGH on the D15 strap pull-up; a 10 kohm pull-up is recommended. Forgetting this strap causes the part to boot in 8-bit mode and reject 16-bit accesses, an often-misdiagnosed boot failure. Confirm the strap value with your reset supervisor's idle state.
The 100-LQFP at 14x14mm requires 0.5 mm pitch PCB traces, which most PCB manufacturers can produce reliably with 4 mil traces. Decoupling requires at least 4 ceramic capacitors (0.1 uF) placed within 2 mm of the four VCC clusters of the package. For DRAM-interface designs using the on-chip controller, place a 100 nF cap directly on each DRAM bank to suppress simultaneous switching noise during row activations.
The MC68LC302 has no on-chip Ethernet; if your application bridges to a LAN, you must add an external Ethernet controller (e.g. the legacy MC68160) and tie it into a CPM serial channel. Designers migrating from the MC68302 family often need to de-initialize the original Ethernet MAC block in firmware to match the LC derivative - skipping this step leaves registers configured for nonexistent hardware and may hang I/O initialization.
معلومات الامتثال
Component is EOL ('Not For New Designs'); modern compliance certifications such as RoHS/REACH are not always carried through to legacy m68k packaging. RoHS status for this exact part is not explicitly stated in the verified distributor records. AEC-Q100 automotive qualification does not apply to this legacy industrial MPU - for new automotive designs migrate to a current device.
