PIC16F871-E/P - 8-bit MCU, 3.5KB Flash, 20MHz, 40-Pin PDIP | Microchip
MPN: PIC16F871-E/P ✓ نشطPIC16F871-E/P نظرة عامة
What is a PIC16 microcontroller? The PIC16 family is a line of 8-bit Harvard-architecture microcontrollers from Microchip Technology that sits within the broader taxonomy of microcontroller -> embedded processor -> semiconductor. PIC16 devices use a reduced instruction set (RISC) with typically 35 single-word instructions, are Flash-based for in-field reprogrammability, and are widely used in cost-sensitive embedded designs ranging from appliance controls to industrial sensors. The PIC16F871 specifically belongs to the "PIC16F87x" mid-range sub-family with enhanced peripherals such as 10-bit ADC and USART.
Key features include an integrated ICD (In-Circuit Debugger) interface, self-programming capability, eight channels of 10-bit Analog-to-Digital conversion, two additional 8-bit timers, a 16-bit timer with capture/compare/PWM, and a Universal Asynchronous Receiver Transmitter (USART) for serial communications. The part is fully static, supports nanoWatt power management for low-power sleep modes, and exposes 33 digital I/O lines across two ports (PORTA, PORTB, PORTC, PORTD, PORTE).
Architecturally the PIC16F871 uses a Harvard memory layout with separate program and data buses, allowing simultaneous instruction fetch and operand access. Its 14-bit wide instruction word yields high code density, and the in-circuit serial programming (ICSP) interface plus ICD permit real-time debug without removing the device from the board - a feature uncommon in this price tier.
Typical applications include industrial control panels, motor drive interface logic, HVAC thermostats, appliance controllers, instrumentation front-ends, and educational/learning kits where the PIC16F871's simple toolchain (MPLAB X IDE + XC8 compiler + PICkit programmer) keeps development costs low. Designers favor this MCU when they need ADC, PWM, and serial I/O in a single 40-pin footprint.
When designing with the PIC16F871-E/P, place decoupling capacitors (100 nF ceramic plus 10 uF bulk) within 5 mm of the VDD pins, use a 4.7 kΩ pull-up on MCLR if not driven by a debug tool, and observe the 4.0 V minimum VDD - operation below this rail causes EEPROM write failure and unreliable ADC readings.
This page synthesizes Microchip datasheet specifications, distributor pricing snapshots, and a focused set of drop-in PIC16F871 alternatives not always surfaced on DigiKey or Mouser product pages, helping engineers verify pin compatibility and parametric proximity before committing to a substitution.
بدائل مباشرة لـ PIC16F871-E/P — نفس الحزمة، متوافق دبوس بدبوس. تُستثنى القطع ذات الحزم المختلفة التي تتطلب تعديل PCB.
الطرازات في هذه السلسلة
طرازات من نفس السلسلة متوافقة تمامًا مع PIC16F871-E/P (نفس عامل الشكل والبصمة) — يختلف في Mounting Type, I/O Pins, In-Circuit Debug, Package, Self-Programming.
PIC16F870-E/P
✅ بديل مباشر📋 بديل مرجعي (غير موجود في الكتالوج)
PIC16F872-E/P
✅ بديل مباشر📋 بديل مرجعي (غير موجود في الكتالوج)
PIC16F871-E/L
✅ بديل مباشرتواصل لمعرفة السعر
عرض ورقة البيانات ←PIC16F871-I/P
✅ بديل مباشرتواصل لمعرفة السعر
عرض ورقة البيانات ←PIC16F873A-I/P
✅ بديل مباشر📋 بديل مرجعي (غير موجود في الكتالوج)
PIC16F876A-I/P
✅ بديل مباشر📋 بديل مرجعي (غير موجود في الكتالوج)
PIC16F871-E/P الحدود القصوى والخصائص الكهربائية
| Core Processor | PIC |
| Core Size | 8-bit |
| Program Memory Type | Flash |
| Program Memory Size | 3.5 KB (3.5K x 14) |
| RAM Size | 192 bytes |
| EEPROM Size | 64 bytes |
| Maximum Clock Speed | 20 MHz |
| Instruction Cycle | 200 ns |
| Supply Voltage (VDD) | 4.0 V to 5.5 V |
| درجة حرارة التشغيل | -40C to +125C |
| العلبة / الحالة | 40-DIP (0.600", 15.24 mm) |
| Number of I/O Pins | 33 |
| ADC | 8 channels x 10-bit |
| Timers | 2 x 8-bit + 1 x 16-bit (with capture/compare/PWM) |
| Communication Interfaces | USART |
| In-Circuit Debug | ICD |
| Self-Programming | Yes (Flash) |
| نوع التركيب | Through-Hole (PDIP) |
تكوين أطراف PIC16F871-E/P
| دبوس 1 | MCLR — Master Clear (reset) input, active low |
| دبوس 2 | RA0/AN0 — PORTA bit 0 / ADC channel 0 |
| دبوس 3 | RA1/AN1 — PORTA bit 1 / ADC channel 1 |
| دبوس 4 | RA2/AN2 — PORTA bit 2 / ADC channel 2 |
| دبوس 5 | RA3/AN3/VREF+ — PORTA bit 3 / ADC channel 3 / ADC positive reference |
| دبوس 6 | RA4/AN4 — PORTA bit 4 / ADC channel 4 |
| دبوس 7 | RA5/AN5/SS — PORTA bit 5 / ADC channel 5 / SPI slave select |
| دبوس 8 | RE0/RD/AN5 — PORTE bit 0 / parallel-port read / ADC channel 5 alt |
| دبوس 9 | RE1/WR/AN6 — PORTE bit 1 / parallel-port write / ADC channel 6 |
| دبوس 10 | RE2/CS/AN7 — PORTE bit 2 / parallel-port chip select / ADC channel 7 |
| دبوس 11 | VDD — Positive supply (4.0 V to 5.5 V) |
| دبوس 12 | VSS — Ground reference |
| دبوس 13 | OSC1/CLKI — Oscillator crystal input / external clock input |
| دبوس 14 | OSC2/CLKO — Oscillator crystal output / clock output |
| دبوس 15 | RC0/T1OSO — PORTC bit 0 / Timer1 oscillator output |
| دبوس 16 | RC1/T1OSI — PORTC bit 1 / Timer1 oscillator input |
| دبوس 17 | RC2/CCP1 — PORTC bit 2 / Capture-Compare-PWM 1 |
| دبوس 18 | RC3 — PORTC bit 3 |
| دبوس 19 | RD0 — PORTD bit 0 |
| دبوس 20 | RD1 — PORTD bit 1 |
| دبوس 21 | RD2 — PORTD bit 2 |
| دبوس 22 | RD3 — PORTD bit 3 |
| دبوس 23 | RC4 — PORTC bit 4 |
| دبوس 24 | RC5 — PORTC bit 5 |
| دبوس 25 | RC6/TX/CK — PORTC bit 6 / USART TX / clock |
| دبوس 26 | RC7/RX/DT — PORTC bit 7 / USART RX / data |
| دبوس 27 | RD4 — PORTD bit 4 |
| دبوس 28 | RD5 — PORTD bit 5 |
| دبوس 29 | RD6 — PORTD bit 6 |
| دبوس 30 | RD7 — PORTD bit 7 |
| دبوس 31 | VSS — Ground reference |
| دبوس 32 | VDD — Positive supply (4.0 V to 5.5 V) |
| دبوس 33 | RB0/INT — PORTB bit 0 / external interrupt |
| دبوس 34 | RB1 — PORTB bit 1 |
| دبوس 35 | RB2 — PORTB bit 2 |
| دبوس 36 | RB3/PGM — PORTB bit 3 / low-voltage programming |
| دبوس 37 | RB4 — PORTB bit 4 |
| دبوس 38 | RB5 — PORTB bit 5 |
| دبوس 39 | RB6/PGC — PORTB bit 6 / ICSP clock |
| دبوس 40 | RB7/PGD — PORTB bit 7 / ICSP data |
التطبيقات النموذجية
PIC16F871-E/P مناسب لـ 6 التطبيقs: Industrial Control Panels, Appliance Motor Controllers, HVAC Thermostat Interface, Instrumentation Front-Ends, Educational Microcontroller Kits, Sensor Hub / Data Logger.
Industrial Control Panels
The PIC16F871-E/P fits industrial control panels because its 8-channel 10-bit ADC can read multiple sensor inputs (temperature, pressure, current) while its USART drives a local HMI or Modbus link. The -40C to +125C extended temperature grade handles factory-floor thermal swings, and the 40-pin PDIP package is friendly to hand-soldered prototypes and field-repair workflows.
موصى به
Appliance Motor Controllers
In appliance motor controllers the PIC16F871-E/P's 16-bit timer with capture/compare/PWM drives FET gate signals for brushed and small BLDC motors, while the ADC monitors back-EMF and current. The 5 V supply rail aligns with typical appliance power trees and the 200 ns instruction cycle is fast enough for commutation loops under 10 kHz.
موصى به
HVAC Thermostat Interface
Thermostat designs benefit from the PIC16F871-E/P's 8-channel ADC reading thermistor or RTD sensors, USART driving a Wi-Fi/Ethernet co-processor, and PWM dimming a backlight or buzzer. nanoWatt sleep modes drop standby current for battery-backed thermostats and the 40-pin PDIP simplifies through-hole assembly for high-volume HVAC OEMs.
موصى به
Instrumentation Front-Ends
Bench and field instruments use the PIC16F871-E/P to digitize analog front-end signals through its 10-bit ADC and forward calibration data over USART to a host PC. The ICD interface lets engineers step through acquisition code without removing the chip, and the extended temperature range keeps the part stable inside enclosure enclosures without active cooling.
موصى به
Educational Microcontroller Kits
Universities and self-learners favor the PIC16F871-E/P because the 40-pin PDIP seats in any breadboard and pairs with low-cost PICkit programmers. MPLAB X IDE + XC8 compiler are free, the PIC16 instruction set has only 35 single-word opcodes, and the 8-channel ADC plus PWM give students enough peripherals for real lab projects without overwhelming beginners.
موصى به
Sensor Hub / Data Logger
Low-cost data loggers route multiple analog channels into the PIC16F871-E/P's 10-bit ADC and store calibration plus timestamps in the 64-byte EEPROM. The USART streams captured data to a host, and self-programming enables firmware updates in the field without an external bootloader. The 40-pin PDIP makes it serviceable in remote installations.
موصى به
ملخص المنتجات الموصى بها
بيانات مرجعية هندسية لـ PIC16F871-E/P — المقارنة وإرشادات التصميم ومعلومات الامتثال.
دليل الاختيار
المقارنة مع البدائل
| المعامل | هذا المنتج | PIC16F870-E/P | PIC16F872-E/P | PIC16F871-E/L | PIC16F871-I/P | PIC16F873A-I/P |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Package | 40-pin PDIP | 40-pin PDIP (same) | 40-pin PDIP (same) | 44-pin PLCC (adapter needed) | 40-pin PDIP (same) | 40-pin PDIP (same) |
| Brand | Microchip Technology | Microchip Technology | Microchip Technology | Microchip Technology | Microchip Technology | Microchip Technology |
| Program Memory (Flash) | 3.5 KB | 2 KB | 4 KB | 3.5 KB | 3.5 KB | 7.2 KB |
| RAM | 192 bytes | 128 bytes | 192 bytes | 192 bytes | 192 bytes | 192 bytes |
| EEPROM | 64 bytes | 64 bytes | 64 bytes | 64 bytes | 64 bytes | 256 bytes |
| Max Clock Speed | 20 MHz | 20 MHz | 20 MHz | 20 MHz | 20 MHz | 20 MHz |
| Operating Temperature | -40C to +125C (Extended) | -40C to +125C (Extended) | -40C to +125C (Extended) | -40C to +125C (Extended) | -40C to +85C (Industrial) | -40C to +85C (Industrial) |
| ADC Channels | 8 x 10-bit | 8 x 10-bit | 8 x 10-bit | 8 x 10-bit | 8 x 10-bit | 5 x 10-bit |
| PWM Outputs | 1 (CCP1) | 1 (CCP1) | 1 (CCP1) | 1 (CCP1) | 1 (CCP1) | 2 (CCP1+CCP2) |
أبرز الفروقات
- Higher Flash density than PIC16F870 in identical 40-pin PDIP package (مقابلPIC16F870-E/P)
- More I/O and ADC channels than PIC16F873A's reduced-pin variants (مقابلPIC16F873A-I/P)
- Lower cost than PIC16F872 for cost-sensitive designs (مقابلPIC16F872-E/P)
- Extended -40C to +125C temperature grade vs industrial -40C to +85C (مقابلPIC16F871-I/P)
ملاحظات التصميم
Place a 100 nF ceramic decoupling capacitor within 5 mm of every VDD pin (pins 11 and 32) and a single 10 uF bulk tantalum or aluminum electrolytic on the supply rail. The PIC16F871-E/P switches internal digital blocks at up to 20 MHz; without local bypassing the VDD rail can sag 50-100 mV during ADC conversions, degrading 10-bit accuracy by 1-2 LSB.
MCLR must be pulled high through a 4.7 kΩ resistor for normal operation - leaving MCLR floating can cause intermittent resets or, when driving the ICSP debugger, prevent connection. When using ICD debugging, route the PGC (RB6) and PGD (RB7) lines away from high-current switching nodes; capacitive loading above 30 pF on these pins can break the ICSP clock.
Route the analog AVdd/AVss rails as a star from a single point at the regulator, and keep ADC traces (RA0-RA5, RE0-RE2) short and guarded by digital ground. For AREF use a 0.1 uF + 10 uF RC filter rather than driving AREF from a noisy source - the 10-bit ADC dynamic range depends on a clean reference.
Estimated: at 20 MHz, 5 V, and 100% CPU duty, ICC is approximately 15-20 mA, dissipating 75-100 mW in the PIC16F871-E/P. With theta_JA around 50 C/W for a 40-pin PDIP, the junction rise is only 4-5 C above ambient - well within the 125 C limit and rarely a concern at this clock/power profile.
معلومات الامتثال
RoHS and REACH compliance inferred from Microchip's standard product labeling for PIC16Fxxx PDIP parts; specific test certificates are available on Microchip's product page.
