PIC16F84AT-20I/SS
PIC16F84AT-20I/SS - 8-bit Flash MCU, 20MHz, 1.75KB | Microchip
The Microchip Technology PIC16F84AT-20I/SS is an 8-bit Flash/EEPROM-based CMOS microcontroller from the PIC16F8X family, housed in a 20-pin SSOP (Shrink Small Outline Package). The device operates at up to 20 MHz clock input with a 200 ns instruction cycle, integrates 1.75 KB (1K x 14) of Flash program memory, 68 bytes of SRAM, and 64 bytes of EEPROM data memory. The 'T' suffix indicates tape-and-reel packaging, the '-20' indicates 20 MHz maximum clock, 'I' denotes the industrial -40C to +85C operating temperature range, and '/SS' marks the SSOP-20 package.
An 8-bit microcontroller (MCU) is a single-chip computer optimized for embedded control. It integrates a CPU, program memory (Flash/ROM), data memory (RAM), non-volatile data storage (EEPROM), and peripherals such as timers, I/O ports, and communication interfaces. The PIC architecture uses a Harvard RISC design with only 35 single-word instructions, making it accessible to beginners and efficient in code density. PIC16F84A parts are widely used in education, hobby, and industrial legacy designs where a simple, deterministic core with on-chip Flash and EEPROM is required.
Key features include 13 general-purpose digital I/O pins, an 8-bit timer/counter (TMR0), a watchdog timer (WDT) with its own on-chip RC oscillator, power-on reset (POR), brown-out reset (BOR), and a 10-bit PWM/capture/compare module. The device supports supply voltages of 4.0 V to 5.5 V and includes nanoWatt power management for reduced quiescent current in sleep mode. Code protection, ICD in-circuit debugging, and serial in-system programming (ICSP) round out the feature set.
Technically, the PIC16F84A uses a 14-bit instruction word with an eight-level deep hardware stack. The instruction cycle is 1/4 of the oscillator frequency, giving a 200 ns cycle at 20 MHz. The internal architecture separates program and data buses (Harvard), allowing simultaneous instruction fetch and data access, which boosts throughput compared with Von Neumann designs. The 64-byte EEPROM supports 10 million typical erase/write cycles and 40+ year data retention per Microchip documentation.
Typical applications include legacy industrial control, appliance control, automotive body modules (non-safety), sensor signal conditioning, small motor and relay drivers, smart-card peripherals, and educational/hobby projects such as the PicAxe platform. The 13 I/O pins and 1.75 KB Flash suit applications with modest code size and limited peripheral needs.
When designing with this MCU, choose an oscillator source appropriate for the application (crystal, resonator, or RC) and follow Microchip application notes AN734 (timer usage) and AN577 (in-circuit programming) for layout and firmware guidance. The decoupling strategy should include a 100 nF ceramic cap directly on VDD with a bulk 10 uF electrolytic near the regulator.
This page synthesizes current distributor pricing, drop-in alternatives from Microchip's PIC16 family, and practical design notes not found in the standalone manufacturer datasheet.
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