ATMEGA2561-16AU - 8-Bit AVR MCU 16MHz 256KB Flash | Microchip
MPN: ATMEGA2561-16AU ✓ فعالATMEGA2561-16AU نمای کلی
An 8-bit AVR microcontroller is a complete computer-on-a-chip built around the AVR enhanced RISC architecture, combining CPU, program flash, data SRAM, EEPROM, timers, serial interfaces, and an ADC within a single integrated circuit. In the power management hierarchy of embedded systems, the MCU sits at the center of the control chain, orchestrating sensors, actuators, and communication links. The AVR family is widely used because of its single-cycle instruction execution and rich peripheral set.
Key features of the ATMEGA2561-16AU include 131 powerful instructions with most executing in a single clock cycle, delivering up to 16 MIPS throughput at 16 MHz. It provides four USARTs for multi-channel serial communication, a byte-oriented 2-wire serial interface (TWI/I2C), an SPI interface, six flexible timer/counters with compare modes and PWM, a real-time counter, and an 8-channel 10-bit ADC. The 256 KB self-programmable flash enables bootloader-based field firmware updates in large applications.
Architecturally, the device uses the AVR advanced RISC core with 32 general-purpose working registers directly connected to the ALU, allowing one-cycle access that avoids the accumulator bottleneck of classical 8-bit architectures. Fully static operation supports clock speeds down to DC for ultra-low-power designs. JTAG boundary-scan and on-chip debug support simplify production testing and firmware development.
Typical applications include industrial automation controllers, building management and HVAC control panels, test and measurement instrumentation, and motor control systems. The four USARTs and 86 I/O lines make it well suited to equipment that must talk to several serial peripherals while driving displays, keypads, and relays.
When designing with this part, remember the 16 suffix denotes a 4.5V to 5.5V operating range; the V-suffix variant (ATMEGA2561V-8AU) is required for 2.7V to 5.5V battery designs, and its maximum clock is 8 MHz.
This page synthesizes distributor pricing, drop-in same-package alternatives, and practical design notes not found in the manufacturer datasheet, with pricing referenced as of 2026-10-07.
جایگزین‌های drop-in برای ATMEGA2561-16AU — همان پکیج، سازگار پین‌به‌پین. قطعات با پکیج متفاوت که نیاز به تغییر PCB دارند مستثنی هستند.
گونه‌ها در این سری
مدل‌های هم‌سری که جایگزین مستقیم هستند برای ATMEGA2561-16AU (همان فرم‌فاکتور و فوت‌پرینت) — متفاوت در Package, RoHS Status, Timer/Counters, USART, Operating Temperature.
ATMEGA2561-16AUR
✅ جایگزین مستقیمبرای قیمت تماس بگیرید
مشاهده دیتاشیت ←ATMEGA2561V-8AUR
✅ جایگزین مستقیمبرای قیمت تماس بگیرید
مشاهده دیتاشیت ←ATMEGA1281-16AU
✅ جایگزین مستقیم ⚠️ مشخصات تأییدنشدهبرای قیمت تماس بگیرید
مشاهده دیتاشیت ←ATMEGA2561-16MU
✅ جایگزین مستقیمبرای قیمت تماس بگیرید
مشاهده دیتاشیت ←AT90CAN128-16AU
✅ جایگزین مستقیم ⚠️ مشخصات تأییدنشده📋 جایگزین مرجع (خارج از کاتالوگ)
ATMEGA2561-16AU حداکثر مقادیر مجاز و مشخصات الکتریکی
| Core Architecture | AVR 8-bit RISC |
| Program Flash Memory | 256 KB (128K x 16) |
| SRAM | 8 KB |
| EEPROM | 4 KB |
| حداکثر فرکانس کلاک | 16 MHz |
| MIPS Throughput | 16 MIPS |
| Operating Voltage Range | 4.5 V to 5.5 V |
| General-Purpose I/O Lines | 86 |
| Working Registers | 32 |
| USART | 4 |
| 2-Wire Interface (TWI) | Yes (I2C-compatible) |
| SPI | Yes |
| Timer/Counters | 6 (with PWM) |
| ADC | 8-channel, 10-bit |
| بسته‌بندی | 64-pin TQFP (14x14 mm) |
| نوع نصب | Surface Mount |
| دمای کاری | -40C to +85C (industrial) |
| JTAG / OCD | Supported |
| وضعیت RoHS | Compliant (Green) |
پیکربندی پین ATMEGA2561-16AU
| پین 1 | VCC — Digital supply voltage |
| پین 2 | PE0/RXD0/PDI — Port E bit 0 / USART0 RX / Programming data in |
| پین 3 | PE1/TXD0/PDO — Port E bit 1 / USART0 TX / Programming data out |
| پین 4 | PE2/XCK0/AIN0 — Port E bit 2 / USART0 clock / Analog input 0 |
| پین 5 | PE3/OC3A/AIN1 — Port E bit 3 / Timer3 output compare A / Analog input 1 |
| پین 6 | PE4/OC3B/INT4 — Port E bit 4 / Timer3 output compare B / External interrupt 4 |
| پین 7 | PE5/OC3C/INT5 — Port E bit 5 / Timer3 output compare C / External interrupt 5 |
| پین 8 | PE6/T3/INT6 — Port E bit 6 / Timer3 clock input / External interrupt 6 |
| پین 9 | PE7/ICP3/INT7 — Port E bit 7 / Timer3 input capture / External interrupt 7 |
| پین 10 | VCC — Digital supply voltage |
| پین 11 | GND — Ground |
| پین 12 | PB0/SS — Port B bit 0 / SPI slave select |
| پین 13 | PB1/SCK — Port B bit 1 / SPI clock |
| پین 14 | PB2/MOSI — Port B bit 2 / SPI master out, slave in |
| پین 15 | PB3/MISO — Port B bit 3 / SPI master in, slave out |
| پین 16 | PB4/OC2A — Port B bit 4 / Timer2 output compare A |
| پین 17 | PB5/OC1A — Port B bit 5 / Timer1 output compare A |
| پین 18 | PB6/OC1B — Port B bit 6 / Timer1 output compare B |
| پین 19 | PB7/OC0A — Port B bit 7 / Timer0 output compare A |
| پین 20 | VCC_3V3 — Analog supply voltage (3.3V typical, generated internally) |
| پین 21 | AREF — ADC analog reference voltage input |
| پین 22 | GND — Ground |
| پین 23 | PA0/ADC0 — Port A bit 0 / ADC input 0 |
| پین 24 | PA1/ADC1 — Port A bit 1 / ADC input 1 |
| پین 25 | PA2/ADC2 — Port A bit 2 / ADC input 2 |
| پین 26 | PA3/ADC3 — Port A bit 3 / ADC input 3 |
| پین 27 | PA4/ADC4 — Port A bit 4 / ADC input 4 |
| پین 28 | PA5/ADC5 — Port A bit 5 / ADC input 5 |
| پین 29 | PA6/ADC6 — Port A bit 6 / ADC input 6 |
| پین 30 | PA7/ADC7 — Port A bit 7 / ADC input 7 |
| پین 31 | GND — Ground |
| پین 32 | VCC — Digital supply voltage |
| پین 33 | PJ0/RXD3/XCK3 — Port J bit 0 / USART3 RX / USART3 clock |
| پین 34 | PJ1/TXD3 — Port J bit 1 / USART3 TX |
| پین 35 | PJ2/XCK1 — Port J bit 2 / USART1 clock |
| پین 36 | PJ3/RXD2 — Port J bit 3 / USART2 RX |
| پین 37 | PJ4/XCK2 — Port J bit 4 / USART2 clock |
| پین 38 | PJ5/TXD2 — Port J bit 5 / USART2 TX |
| پین 39 | PJ6/RXD1/PCINT10 — Port J bit 6 / USART1 RX / Pin-change interrupt 10 |
| پین 40 | PJ7/TXD1/PCINT11 — Port J bit 7 / USART1 TX / Pin-change interrupt 11 |
| پین 41 | PG0/!WR — Port G bit 0 / External SRAM write strobe |
| پین 42 | PG1/!RD — Port G bit 1 / External SRAM read strobe |
| پین 43 | PG2/ALE — Port G bit 2 / External SRAM address latch enable |
| پین 44 | PG3/TOSC2 — Port G bit 3 / Timer oscillator pin 2 |
| پین 45 | PG4/TOSC1 — Port G bit 4 / Timer oscillator pin 1 |
| پین 46 | PF0/ADC8 — Port F bit 0 / ADC input 8 / JTAG TCK |
| پین 47 | PF1/ADC9 — Port F bit 1 / ADC input 9 / JTAG TMS |
| پین 48 | PF2/ADC10 — Port F bit 2 / ADC input 10 / JTAG TDO |
| پین 49 | PF3/ADC11 — Port F bit 3 / ADC input 11 / JTAG TDI |
| پین 50 | PF4/ADC12/TMS — Port F bit 4 / ADC input 12 / JTAG TMS (alternate) |
| پین 51 | PF5/ADC13/TDO — Port F bit 5 / ADC input 13 / JTAG TDO (alternate) |
| پین 52 | PF6/ADC14/TDI — Port F bit 6 / ADC input 14 / JTAG TDI (alternate) |
| پین 53 | PF7/ADC15/TCK — Port F bit 7 / ADC input 15 / JTAG TCK (alternate) |
| پین 54 | PK0/PCINT16 — Port K bit 0 / Pin-change interrupt 16 |
| پین 55 | PK1/PCINT17 — Port K bit 1 / Pin-change interrupt 17 |
| پین 56 | PK2/PCINT18 — Port K bit 2 / Pin-change interrupt 18 |
| پین 57 | PK3/PCINT19 — Port K bit 3 / Pin-change interrupt 19 |
| پین 58 | PK4/PCINT20 — Port K bit 4 / Pin-change interrupt 20 |
| پین 59 | PK5/PCINT21 — Port K bit 5 / Pin-change interrupt 21 |
| پین 60 | PK6/PCINT22 — Port K bit 6 / Pin-change interrupt 22 |
| پین 61 | PK7/PCINT23 — Port K bit 7 / Pin-change interrupt 23 |
| پین 62 | RESET! — Reset input (active low) |
| پین 63 | VCC — Digital supply voltage |
| پین 64 | GND — Ground |
کاربردهای معمول
ATMEGA2561-16AU مناسب است برای 6 کاربردs: Industrial Automation Controller, Building Management and HVAC Control Panel, Test and Measurement Instrumentation, Motor Control Systems, Embedded HMI / Display Controller, Multi-Serial Sensor Gateway.
Industrial Automation Controller
The ATMEGA2561-16AU is well-suited to industrial automation controllers thanks to its 256 KB flash and 86 GPIO lines, which can drive multi-axis stepper or relay logic without external bus expanders. Its four USARTs allow simultaneous communication with an HMI panel, a sensor bus (RS-485 transceiver), a motor-drive serial channel, and a debug console. The 8-channel 10-bit ADC handles analog sensor reading (temperature, current shunt, position potentiometer) at sample rates adequate for closed-loop servo loops. Operating from 4.5V to 5.5V at industrial -40C to +85C, it tolerates factory-floor electrical environments. The JTAG interface simplifies production firmware provisioning across an automation line.
پیشنهادی
Building Management and HVAC Control Panel
Building management systems require multi-protocol connectivity and many low-speed digital I/O channels, both of which the ATMEGA2561-16AU provides natively. The four USARTs handle Modbus RTU over RS-485 to multiple HVAC units, while the TWI bus can drive an I/O expander or RTC and the SPI port connects to an LCD controller or wireless module. The 16 MIPS throughput at 16 MHz runs scheduling algorithms, PID loops for damper control, and user-interface firmware concurrently. With 256 KB flash, designers embed multiple firmware images and OTA update logic via the bootloader. The 4.5V-5.5V supply rails align with industrial 5V backplanes common in building automation hardware.
پیشنهادی
Test and Measurement Instrumentation
Bench instruments such as digital multimeters, oscilloscope front panels, and laboratory data loggers benefit from the ATMEGA2561-16AU's combination of 86 I/O lines, four USARTs, and an 8-channel 10-bit ADC. Multiple USARTs isolate a USB-serial bridge, a wireless telemetry link, an external instrument trigger bus, and a service console. The 8-channel ADC multiplexes analog front-end measurements (shunt currents, temperature sensors, reference voltages) at sample rates the datasheet confirms are adequate for sub-kHz signal chains. The 256 KB flash holds calibration tables and front-panel UI assets; 8 KB SRAM buffers measurement frames before forwarding over USB. JTAG accelerates firmware iteration during instrument bring-up.
پیشنهادی
Motor Control Systems
Brushless DC (BLDC) and stepper motor controllers pair well with the ATMEGA2561-16AU's six timer/counters, each with PWM and complementary outputs that drive three-phase inverter switches without external PWM logic. The 16 MIPS throughput executes field-oriented control (FOC) or trapezoidal commutation algorithms in real time at moderate RPMs. Four USARTs let the controller receive commands over CAN-bridge, RS-485, or USB serial simultaneously. The 8-channel ADC samples three phase currents plus DC-bus voltage and temperature. With 4.5V-5.5V operation and -40C to +85C industrial temperature, the device tolerates motor-driver thermal environments.
پیشنهادی
Embedded HMI / Display Controller
Human-machine interface panels with graphical displays, keypads, and indicator LEDs benefit from the ATMEGA2561-16AU's 86 GPIO lines, four USARTs, and SPI bus that can drive a TFT LCD controller. The four USARTs split traffic between a main system bus, a touch-screen controller, a wireless M2M link, and a service/debug port without contention. With 256 KB flash, designers store full UI assets including fonts, icons, and multilingual strings. The 8 KB SRAM provides frame buffers for monochrome graphical displays; for color TFTs, an external SDRAM via SPI is typical. The industrial temperature range suits factory-floor and outdoor cabinet installations.
پیشنهادی
Multi-Serial Sensor Gateway
Sensor aggregation gateways that consolidate multiple sensor buses benefit from the ATMEGA2561-16AU's four USARTs, TWI, and SPI. Each USART can host an independent RS-485 sensor chain (modbus RTU), while TWI drives local I2C sensors (temperature, humidity, accelerometers) and SPI connects to an external flash or radio module. The 256 KB flash holds protocol stacks for Modbus, NMEA, and proprietary sensor formats. With 86 GPIO lines, designers can also wire discrete sensors and actuator outputs directly. The 16 MIPS throughput runs data fusion and JSON serialization before forwarding over Ethernet or cellular modules attached to a USART.
پیشنهادی
خلاصه محصولات پیشنهادی
داده‌های مرجع مهندسی برای ATMEGA2561-16AU — مقایسه، راهنمای طراحی و اطلاعات انطباق.
راهنمای انتخاب
مقایسه با جایگزین‌ها
| پارامتر | این محصول | ATMEGA2561-16AUR | ATMEGA2561V-8AU | ATMEGA1281-16AU | ATMEGA2561-16MU | AT90CAN128-16AU |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Brand | Microchip Technology | Microchip Technology | Microchip Technology | Microchip Technology | Microchip Technology | Microchip Technology |
| Package | 64-pin TQFP (14x14) | 64-pin TQFP (14x14) - same | 64-pin TQFP (14x14) - same | 64-pin TQFP (14x14) - same | 64-pad QFN (9x9) - different | 64-pin TQFP (14x14) - same |
| Flash Memory | 256 KB | 256 KB | 256 KB | 128 KB (-50%) | 256 KB | 128 KB (-50%) |
| SRAM | 8 KB | 8 KB | 8 KB | 8 KB | 8 KB | 4 KB (-50%) |
| EEPROM | 4 KB | 4 KB | 4 KB | 4 KB | 4 KB | 4 KB |
| Maximum Clock | 16 MHz | 16 MHz | 8 MHz (-50%) | 16 MHz | 16 MHz | 16 MHz |
| Operating Voltage | 4.5 V to 5.5 V | 4.5 V to 5.5 V | 2.7 V to 5.5 V | 4.5 V to 5.5 V | 4.5 V to 5.5 V | 4.5 V to 5.5 V |
| GPIO Lines | 86 | 86 | 86 | 54 (-37%) | 54 | 53 (-38%) |
| USARTs | 4 | 4 | 4 | 2 | 4 | 2 |
| CAN Controller | No | No | No | No | No | Yes |
تفاوت‌های کلیدی
- Highest flash density in the ATmega family (در مقابلATMEGA1281-16AU)
- Four independent USARTs (در مقابلAT90CAN128-16AU)
- 86 GPIO available in 64-pin package (54 fully bonded) (در مقابلATMEGA2560-16AU (100-pin))
یادداشت‌های طراحی
Power the ATMEGA2561-16AU from a stable 5V rail with a 100 nF decoupling capacitor within 5 mm of each VCC pin (pins 1, 10, 32, 63) and a 10 uF bulk capacitor at the regulator. The internal VCC_3V3 pin (20) requires its own 100 nF decoupling capacitor even when the analog blocks are unused - it powers the ADC and should not be left floating. Estimated: with all peripherals active at 16 MHz, active current is around 30-40 mA; add 50% margin for transient spikes when peripherals toggle simultaneously.
Place a 100 nF decoupling capacitor as close as possible to each VCC pin and a single 10 uF tantalum or ceramic capacitor near the package. Keep the RESET! pin (62) routing short; add a 10 kohm pull-up to VCC and a 100 nF capacitor to ground for clean power-on reset behavior. JTAG pins (PF0-PF7) should be reserved for programming in production layouts, or re-mapped carefully since they conflict with PORTC/PORTF ADC channels.
Do not confuse ATMEGA2561-16AU with ATMEGA2560-16AU - the ATmega2560 uses a 100-pin package with 86 I/O lines, while the ATMEGA2561-16AU uses 64 pins with 54 I/O lines. Firmware and PCB layouts are not portable between the two. When migrating between 16AU and V-8AU variants, verify supply range compatibility - the 16 suffix limits the part to 4.5V-5.5V and 16 MHz maximum.
اطلاعات انطباق
Halogen-free compliant per datasheets360 component database. RoHS/REACH status shown on Microchip product page; exact certification status should be confirmed on the official Microchip compliance page before use in regulated products.
