PIC16F874T-20I/PT - 8-bit 20MHz MCU, 7KB Flash, 44-TQFP | Microchip
MPN: PIC16F874T-20I/PT ✓ فعالPIC16F874T-20I/PT نمای کلی
An 8-bit microcontroller (MCU) is a single-chip computer that integrates a CPU, non-volatile program memory (Flash/ROM), volatile data memory (RAM), EEPROM, and programmable peripherals onto one die. PIC16F devices sit in the mid-range PIC family — between baseline PIC10/12 and high-pin PIC18 — and are widely used in cost-sensitive embedded control where deterministic instruction timing and low-power sleep modes matter more than raw throughput. This places the PIC16F874 in the broader hierarchy: MCU -> 8-bit MCU -> mid-range PIC -> Flash MCU -> embedded controller.
Key features include 33 digital I/O pins, three 8-bit timers (Timer0, Timer2) plus one 16-bit Timer1, a 10-bit ADC with 8 channels, two capture/compare/PWM (CCP) modules, MSSP (SPI/I2C) and USART (SCI) serial interfaces, and an 8-level hardware stack. Brown-out reset (BOR), power-on reset (POR), watchdog timer (WDT), and ICD in-circuit debug are built in. The Flash-based program memory is in-system programmable via the ICSP interface, allowing field firmware updates.
Architecturally, the PIC16F874T-20I/PT uses Microchip's Harvard RISC core with separate program and data buses, 14-bit wide instruction words, and 35 single-word instructions. The 'T' suffix denotes Tape & Reel packaging, the '20' denotes 20 MHz maximum clock, the 'I' denotes the industrial temperature grade, and '/PT' designates the 44-pin TQFP package. The part is electrically and logically compatible with the PIC16F874A family and is supported by MPLAB X IDE, the XC8 compiler, and a mature toolchain.
Typical applications include industrial control panels, sensor signal conditioning, motor control signal boards, RS-232/RS-485 bridges, LED display drivers, HVAC controllers, and consumer appliance control where 8-bit processing, low cost, and proven longevity are valued.
When designing, confirm the 44-TQFP land pattern is identical to the PIC16F874A/PT footprint for tooled PCB reuse, ensure the AVDD/AVSS pair is properly decoupled for ADC accuracy, and use MPLAB X with the XC8 compiler for the latest support.
This page synthesizes drop-in alternatives, parametric comparison, and practical design notes for procurement and engineering teams evaluating the PIC16F874T-20I/PT alongside newer Microchip and third-party 8-bit MCU options.
جایگزین‌های drop-in برای PIC16F874T-20I/PT — همان پکیج، سازگار پین‌به‌پین. قطعات با پکیج متفاوت که نیاز به تغییر PCB دارند مستثنی هستند.
گونه‌ها در این سری
مدل‌های هم‌سری که جایگزین مستقیم هستند برای PIC16F874T-20I/PT (همان فرم‌فاکتور و فوت‌پرینت) — متفاوت در Operating Temperature, Package, Timers, ADC, Core Architecture.
PIC16F874AT-I/PT
✅ جایگزین مستقیمبرای قیمت تماس بگیرید
مشاهده دیتاشیت ←PIC16F874-20I/PT
✅ جایگزین مستقیم📋 جایگزین مرجع (خارج از کاتالوگ)
PIC16F874AT-E/PT
✅ جایگزین مستقیمبرای قیمت تماس بگیرید
مشاهده دیتاشیت ←PIC16F874-04I/PT
✅ جایگزین مستقیمبرای قیمت تماس بگیرید
مشاهده دیتاشیت ←PIC16F874-10E/PT
✅ جایگزین مستقیمبرای قیمت تماس بگیرید
مشاهده دیتاشیت ←PIC16F884-I/PT
✅ جایگزین مستقیم📋 جایگزین مرجع (خارج از کاتالوگ)
PIC16F874T-20I/PT حداکثر مقادیر مجاز و مشخصات الکتریکی
| Product Family | PIC PIC® 16F |
| Core | 8-bit PIC Harvard RISC |
| حداکثر فرکانس کلاک | 20 MHz |
| Instruction Execution Time | 200 ns |
| Instruction Set | 35 single-word instructions, 14-bit instruction width |
| Program Memory (Flash) | 7 KB (4K x 14 words) |
| Data RAM | 192 bytes |
| EEPROM | 128 bytes |
| Operating Voltage | 5 V (PIC16F874 family standard) |
| محدوده دمای کاری | -40C to +85C (Industrial, 'I' grade) |
| I/O Pins | 33 digital I/O |
| Timers | 2x 8-bit (Timer0, Timer2) + 1x 16-bit (Timer1) |
| ADC | 10-bit, 8 channels |
| CCP Modules | 2 (Capture/Compare/PWM) |
| Serial Interfaces | MSSP (SPI/I2C) + USART (SCI) |
| بسته‌بندی | 44-pin TQFP (10x10 mm), 'PT' suffix |
| نوع نصب | Surface Mount |
| Packaging | Tape & Reel ('T' suffix) |
| In-Circuit Programming | ICSP (In-Circuit Serial Programming) |
| Stack Levels | 8 levels hardware |
| Resets | Power-on Reset (POR), Brown-out Reset (BOR), Watchdog Timer (WDT) |
| وضعیت RoHS | Compliant |
پیکربندی پین PIC16F874T-20I/PT
| پین 1 | MCLR/VPP — Master Clear (reset) input / ICSP programming voltage |
| پین 2 | RA0/AN0 — PORTA bit 0 / Analog input channel 0 |
| پین 3 | RA1/AN1 — PORTA bit 1 / Analog input channel 1 |
| پین 4 | RA2/AN2/VREF- — PORTA bit 2 / Analog input channel 2 / ADC VREF- |
| پین 5 | RA3/AN3/VREF+ — PORTA bit 3 / Analog input channel 3 / ADC VREF+ |
| پین 6 | RA4/T0CKI — PORTA bit 4 / Timer0 clock input |
| پین 7 | RA5/AN4/SS — PORTA bit 5 / Analog input channel 4 / SPI Slave Select |
| پین 8 | RE0/RD/AN5 — PORTE bit 0 / Parallel-port Read / Analog input channel 5 |
| پین 9 | RE1/WR/AN6 — PORTE bit 1 / Parallel-port Write / Analog input channel 6 |
| پین 10 | RE2/CS/AN7 — PORTE bit 2 / Parallel-port Chip Select / Analog input channel 7 |
| پین 11 | VDD — Positive power supply (5 V) |
| پین 12 | VSS — Ground reference |
| پین 13 | OSC1/CLKIN — Crystal oscillator input / External clock input |
| پین 14 | OSC2/CLKOUT — Crystal oscillator output / Clock output |
| پین 15 | RC0/T1OSO/T1CKI — PORTC bit 0 / Timer1 oscillator output / Timer1 clock input |
| پین 16 | RC1/T1OSI/CCP2 — PORTC bit 1 / Timer1 oscillator input / CCP2 I/O |
| پین 17 | RC2/CCP1 — PORTC bit 2 / CCP1 I/O (PWM) |
| پین 18 | RC3/SCK/SCL — PORTC bit 3 / MSSP SPI clock / I2C clock |
| پین 19 | RD0/PSP0 — PORTD bit 0 / Parallel Slave Port bit 0 |
| پین 20 | RD1/PSP1 — PORTD bit 1 / Parallel Slave Port bit 1 |
| پین 21 | RD2/PSP2 — PORTD bit 2 / Parallel Slave Port bit 2 |
| پین 22 | RD3/PSP3 — PORTD bit 3 / Parallel Slave Port bit 3 |
| پین 23 | RC4/SDI/SDA — PORTC bit 4 / MSSP SPI data in / I2C data |
| پین 24 | RC5/SDO — PORTC bit 5 / MSSP SPI data out |
| پین 25 | RC6/TX/CK — PORTC bit 6 / USART TX / USART clock |
| پین 26 | RC7/RX/DT — PORTC bit 7 / USART RX / USART data |
| پین 27 | RD4/PSP4 — PORTD bit 4 / Parallel Slave Port bit 4 |
| پین 28 | RD5/PSP5 — PORTD bit 5 / Parallel Slave Port bit 5 |
| پین 29 | RD6/PSP6 — PORTD bit 6 / Parallel Slave Port bit 6 |
| پین 30 | RD7/PSP7 — PORTD bit 7 / Parallel Slave Port bit 7 |
| پین 31 | VSS — Ground reference |
| پین 32 | VDD — Positive power supply (5 V) |
| پین 33 | RB0/INT — PORTB bit 0 / External interrupt |
| پین 34 | RB1 — PORTB bit 1 |
| پین 35 | RB2 — PORTB bit 2 |
| پین 36 | RB3/PGM — PORTB bit 3 / LVP programming enable |
| پین 37 | RB4 — PORTB bit 4 |
| پین 38 | RB5 — PORTB bit 5 |
| پین 39 | RB6/PGC — PORTB bit 6 / ICSP clock |
| پین 40 | RB7/PGD — PORTB bit 7 / ICSP data |
| پین 41 | AVSS — Analog ground |
| پین 42 | AVDD — Analog positive power supply (5 V) |
| پین 43 | NC — Not connected (per datasheet, no internal bond) |
| پین 44 | NC — Not connected (per datasheet, no internal bond) |
کاربردهای معمول
PIC16F874T-20I/PT مناسب است برای 7 کاربردs: Industrial Control Panel MCU, Sensor Signal Conditioning Board, RS-232/RS-485 Communication Bridge, HVAC Climate Controller, Consumer Appliance Control Board, LED Display Driver Board, Educational Microcontroller Trainer.
Industrial Control Panel MCU
The PIC16F874T-20I/PT fits industrial control panels because its 33 digital I/O, 5V operation, and -40C to +85C industrial temperature grade directly address panel push-button, LED indicator, and relay-driver requirements. The 200 ns instruction cycle supports deterministic scan loops, while the 10-bit 8-channel ADC handles analog sensor inputs such as 4-20 mA transducers. With 7 KB Flash and 192 bytes RAM, it executes mid-complexity ladder-replacement logic without external memory. Placed as the central MCU on the panel PCB, it drives outputs through optocouplers and reads inputs via debounced GPIO; the MSSP peripheral handles I2C-based HMI displays. Note that for panels with extensive logic, the PIC16F874A variant adds ADC refinements without footprint change.
پیشنهادی
Sensor Signal Conditioning Board
The PIC16F874T-20I/PT is well-suited to sensor signal conditioning because its 10-bit ADC with 8 channels provides simultaneous sampling of multiple analog sensors (temperature, pressure, humidity) at reasonable resolution, while the MSSP (SPI/I2C) peripheral interfaces with digital sensors like accelerometers. The 7 KB Flash holds calibration tables and linearization routines, and the 192-byte RAM supports rolling statistics buffers. Industrial -40C to +85C operation lets the board sit in factory environments. Compared with pure analog signal chains, integrating the MCU provides digital filtering and on-board linearization; the trade-off is ADC noise floor (~±1 LSB), which is acceptable for most industrial transducer applications.
پیشنهادی
RS-232/RS-485 Communication Bridge
The PIC16F874T-20I/PT serves as a protocol bridge between RS-232 and RS-485 networks, leveraging its built-in USART (SCI) module to handle asynchronous serial at standard baud rates up to 115.2 kbps. The MSSP peripheral can additionally provide I2C-to-serial conversion. With 7 KB Flash, the MCU stores protocol-conversion state machines, and the 128-byte EEPROM retains configuration parameters such as baud rate and node address. The 44-TQFP exposes the second USART (via software bit-bang) if dual-port bridges are needed. Compared with dedicated bridge ASICs, this approach is firmware-flexible but consumes more PCB area; designers should add TVS diodes on the RS-485 bus for surge protection.
پیشنهادی
HVAC Climate Controller
The PIC16F874T-20I/PT is well matched to HVAC climate controllers where moderate compute, analog sensing, and triac/relay control meet at a low BOM cost. The 10-bit ADC reads thermistor temperature sensors, the CCP modules generate PWM for variable-speed fan control, and 33 GPIO drive relays and triac optocouplers. Industrial temperature grade (-40C to +85C) supports unconditioned equipment rooms. The 200 ns instruction cycle sustains 1 ms control loops; the EEPROM stores user setpoints. A competing DSP-based solution would be over-spec; the PIC16F874T-20I/PT hits the price/performance sweet spot for residential and light-commercial HVAC where firmware reuse and Microchip's long-term supply are valued.
پیشنهادی
Consumer Appliance Control Board
The PIC16F874T-20I/PT powers consumer appliance control boards (washing machines, dishwashers, small kitchen appliances) where cost is decisive and the firmware is mature. Seven-segment or character-LCD user interfaces are driven through GPIO, the USART interfaces with inverter boards, and the ADC monitors motor current or temperature sensors. The 7 KB Flash holds the appliance state machine; the 128-byte EEPROM retains cycle presets. Industrial temperature handling plus the wide Microchip supply network make this part attractive for high-volume consumer goods. Compared with bare-baseline PIC10/12 parts, the PIC16F874T-20I/PT provides significantly more I/O and code space for feature-rich appliances.
پیشنهادی
LED Display Driver Board
The PIC16F874T-20I/PT drives multiplexed LED matrix displays where its high-speed 200 ns instruction cycle and 33 GPIO enable efficient Charlieplexing or row-column scanning. The CCP modules provide PWM for LED dimming and color mixing in RGB signage, and the 10-bit ADC can read ambient light sensors for automatic brightness adjustment. With 7 KB Flash, the MCU stores font tables and animation patterns; the 192-byte RAM supports frame buffers for small matrices. Industrial temperature handling suits outdoor digital signage applications. Compared with dedicated LED driver ICs, this MCU-based approach reduces part count by integrating scanning logic and brightness control on one die.
پیشنهادی
Educational Microcontroller Trainer
The PIC16F874T-20I/PT is widely used in educational MCU trainer kits because the 44-pin TQFP exposes 33 GPIO, the ADC, the USART, the MSSP, and PWM outputs — every major 8-bit peripheral — on accessible breakout pins. Students learn the PIC16 instruction set with 200 ns cycle visibility, then transition to C with the MPLAB XC8 compiler. ICSP allows real-time in-circuit programming and debugging. Compared with modern ARM Cortex boards, the PIC16F874 is slower but pedagogically cleaner; the 35-instruction RISC architecture makes assembly fundamentals visible without overwhelming beginners. Industrial temperature also supports lab and harsh-environment demonstrations.
پیشنهادی
خلاصه محصولات پیشنهادی
داده‌های مرجع مهندسی برای PIC16F874T-20I/PT — مقایسه، راهنمای طراحی و اطلاعات انطباق.
راهنمای انتخاب
مقایسه با جایگزین‌ها
| پارامتر | این محصول | PIC16F874AT-I/PT | PIC16F874-20I/PT | PIC16F874AT-E/PT | PIC16F874-04I/PT | PIC16F874-10E/PT | PIC16F884-I/PT |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Brand | Microchip Technology | Microchip Technology | Microchip Technology | Microchip Technology | Microchip Technology | Microchip Technology | Microchip Technology |
| Package | 44-pin TQFP (10x10 mm) | 44-pin TQFP (10x10 mm) - same | 44-pin TQFP (10x10 mm) - same | 44-pin TQFP (10x10 mm) - same | 44-pin TQFP (10x10 mm) - same | 44-pin TQFP (10x10 mm) - same | 44-pin TQFP (10x10 mm) - same |
| Max Clock Frequency | 20 MHz | 20 MHz | 20 MHz | 20 MHz | 4 MHz | 10 MHz | 20 MHz |
| Program Flash | 7 KB (4K x 14) | 7 KB (4K x 14) | 7 KB (4K x 14) | 7 KB (4K x 14) | 7 KB (4K x 14) | 7 KB (4K x 14) | 14 KB (2x memory) |
| RAM | 192 bytes | 192 bytes | 192 bytes | 192 bytes | 192 bytes | 192 bytes | 368 bytes |
| EEPROM | 128 bytes | 128 bytes | 128 bytes | 128 bytes | 128 bytes | 128 bytes | 256 bytes |
| Temperature Grade | -40C to +85C (Industrial) | -40C to +85C (Industrial) | -40C to +85C (Industrial) | -40C to +125C (Extended) | -40C to +85C (Industrial) | -40C to +125C (Extended) | -40C to +85C (Industrial) |
| ADC | 10-bit, 8 channels | 10-bit, 8 channels (improved) | 10-bit, 8 channels | 10-bit, 8 channels (improved) | 10-bit, 8 channels | 10-bit, 8 channels | 10-bit, 14 channels |
| I/O Pins | 33 | 33 | 33 | 33 | 33 | 33 | 36 |
تفاوت‌های کلیدی
- Best-in-class migration path with pin-compatible PIC16F874AT-I/PT (در مقابلPIC16F874AT-I/PT)
- Highest memory density in the same footprint with PIC16F884-I/PT (در مقابلPIC16F884-I/PT)
- Industrial -40C to +85C grade in same package as extended-grade parts (در مقابلPIC16F874AT-E/PT / PIC16F874-10E/PT)
- 20 MHz throughput vs slower PIC16F874-04I/PT (4 MHz) and PIC16F874-10E/PT (10 MHz) (در مقابلPIC16F874-04I/PT and PIC16F874-10E/PT)
یادداشت‌های طراحی
Decouple VDD/VSS pairs (digital pins 11/12 and 31/32) with a 100 nF ceramic capacitor placed within 5 mm of the package pins, and add a bulk 10 uF tantalum or aluminum-polymer cap on the main 5 V rail. The PIC16F874T-20I/PT draws approximately 5-15 mA active and <1 uA in sleep; for battery-backed designs, switch off VDD to unused analog blocks and disable unused peripherals via firmware. AVDD (pin 42) and AVSS (pin 41) should be tied to VDD/VSS through an LC or ferrite-bead isolation network for ADC noise suppression.
Lay out the 44-pin TQFP land pattern per Microchip's TB-025 TQFP footprint recommendation: 0.8 mm pitch, 0.3 mm lead width, with thermal vias under the exposed pad (if any). For best ADC accuracy, route AVSS as a Kelvin connection back to the system ground and isolate the analog traces (PORTA, AVDD/AVSS) from switching digital lines. Place the 20 MHz crystal (or resonator) within 5 mm of OSC1/OSC2 with short, symmetric traces and a guard ground pour. Programming pins PGC/PGD (RB6/RB7) should be accessible for ICSP probe connection.
Do not exceed 5.5 V on VDD — the PIC16F874 family is specified for 4.0-5.5 V operation and overvoltage will damage the Flash. The MCLR/VPP pin must not be left floating; tie it to VDD through a 10 kohm resistor (with optional capacitor for noise filtering) or to the ICSP programmer's reset driver. When using the Parallel Slave Port (PORTD/PORTE), ensure the PSP configuration bits are set correctly or PORTD/PORTE pins default to analog inputs on POR. Finally, configure unused pins as outputs (not inputs) to minimize current draw — a common mistake that increases sleep current by orders of magnitude.
The PIC16F874T-20I/PT in 44-pin TQFP has a thermal resistance (theta_JA) of approximately 50 C/W in still air. At full 20 MHz active operation drawing ~15 mA from 5 V (75 mW dissipation), the junction temperature rise above ambient is roughly 3.75 C — negligible. Industrial grade parts are qualified for -40C to +85C ambient operation; no heatsink is required for normal MCU workloads. Note that for any design approaching the upper temperature limit, derate by reducing clock speed or duty cycle, and verify that adjacent power components (LDOs, drivers) do not heat-soak the MCU.
اطلاعات انطباق
RoHS and REACH compliant per Microchip product page. Not AEC-Q100 qualified (industrial grade only); Microchip recommends PIC16F874AT-E/PT for extended temperature or AEC-Q100 parts for automotive. Conflict-minerals compliance is declared per Microchip's standard statement.