PIC16F873AT-E/ML - 8-Bit MCU, 20MHz, 7KB Flash, 28-QFN | Microchip
MPN: PIC16F873AT-E/ML ✓ פעילPIC16F873AT-E/ML סקירה
An 8-bit microcontroller (MCU) is a single-chip computer that integrates a CPU, program memory, data memory, and peripheral interfaces on one silicon die. Within the broader taxonomy, MCUs sit inside the integrated circuits family, alongside memory ICs and logic ICs, and they form the lowest-level decision-making nodes in embedded systems ranging from consumer appliances to industrial controllers. The PIC16 mid-range family, introduced by Microchip, uses a Harvard architecture with separate program and data buses, enabling single-cycle instruction fetch and predictable deterministic timing. The PIC16F873A specifically targets applications needing moderate memory, on-chip EEPROM for parameter storage, and the standard set of serial communication peripherals.
Key features of the PIC16F873AT-E/ML include a 20MHz maximum clock (200ns instruction cycle), 14-bit instruction word, 8-level hardware stack, 5 channels of 10-bit ADC, two 8-bit timers plus one 16-bit timer, a capture/compare/PWM module, and the standard PIC16F mid-range peripheral set. The extended (E) temperature grade and tape-and-reel (T) packaging designation indicate this variant is rated for -40C to +125C operation and supplied on reel for high-volume SMT assembly lines.
Architecturally, the PIC16F873A uses Microchip's enhanced mid-range 14-bit core with hardware multiplier support, 35 single-word instructions, and up to 8K x 14 words of linear program memory addressing. In-system programming via ICSP allows firmware updates after PCB assembly, while the integrated brown-out reset and watchdog timer increase robustness in unattended industrial installations.
Typical applications include industrial automation sensors, motor control driver boards, HVAC thermostats, automotive body electronics subsystems, and consumer white-goods user interfaces. The combination of on-chip EEPROM, ADC, and three serial interfaces supports complete subsystem designs without external peripheral ICs.
When designing with this part, allocate the 28-QFN exposed pad to a continuous ground plane for thermal relief and consider the PICkit 5 or ICD 4 programmer for in-circuit debugging. The 192-byte SRAM limits complex protocol stacks, so plan for application code that uses stack-efficient algorithms.
This page synthesizes distributor pricing, drop-in same-package alternatives from the PIC16 family, and practical design notes not collated in the manufacturer datasheet alone.
חלופות תחליף ישיר עבור PIC16F873AT-E/ML — אותו מארז, תואם פין-לפין. חלקים במארז שונה הדורשים עיבוד מחדש של ה-PCB אינם נכללים.
וריאנטים בסדרה זו
דגמים מאותה סדרה התואמים Drop-in עם PIC16F873AT-E/ML (אותו גורם צורה וטביעת רגל) — שונים ב Package, Timers, Core Architecture, Operating Temperature Range, Serial Interfaces.
PIC16F873A-I/ML
✅ Drop-Inצור קשר לקבלת מחיר
הצג גיליון נתונים ←PIC16F873A-E/ML
✅ Drop-Inצור קשר לקבלת מחיר
הצג גיליון נתונים ←PIC16F873A-I/SS
✅ Drop-Inצור קשר לקבלת מחיר
הצג גיליון נתונים ←PIC16F876AT-E/ML
✅ Drop-In📋 חלופה להתייחסות (לא בקטלוג)
PIC16F873AT-E/ML דירוגים מרביים ומאפיינים חשמליים
| Core Architecture | PIC16 Enhanced Mid-Range 8-bit |
| Program Memory (FLASH) | 7 KB (4K x 14 words) |
| RAM Size | 192 bytes |
| EEPROM Size | 128 bytes |
| Maximum CPU Frequency | 20 MHz |
| Instruction Cycle Time | 200 ns |
| Number of I/O Pins | 22 |
| ADC | 10-bit, 5 channels |
| Timers | 2 x 8-bit, 1 x 16-bit |
| Capture/Compare/PWM | 1 CCP module |
| Serial Interfaces | I2C, SPI, UART/USART |
| טווח טמפרטורת פעולה | -40C to +125C (E grade) |
| מארז | 28-QFN (6x6 mm) with exposed pad |
| סוג הרכבה | Surface Mount |
| Programming Interface | ICSP (In-Circuit Serial Programming) |
| סטטוס RoHS | Compliant |
תצורת פינים של PIC16F873AT-E/ML
| פין 1 | MCLR/VPP — Master Clear (reset) input / programming voltage |
| פין 2 | RA0/AN0 — PORTA bit 0 / analog input channel 0 |
| פין 3 | RA1/AN1 — PORTA bit 1 / analog input channel 1 |
| פין 4 | RA2/AN2/VREF- — PORTA bit 2 / analog input 2 / ADC VREF- |
| פין 5 | RA3/AN3/VREF+ — PORTA bit 3 / analog input 3 / ADC VREF+ |
| פין 6 | RA4/T0CKI — PORTA bit 4 / Timer0 clock input |
| פין 7 | RA5/AN4/SS — PORTA bit 5 / analog input 4 / SPI slave select |
| פין 8 | VSS — Ground |
| פין 9 | OSC1/CLKI — Crystal oscillator input / external clock |
| פין 10 | OSC2/CLKO — Crystal oscillator output |
| פין 11 | RC0/T1OSO/T1CKI — PORTC bit 0 / Timer1 oscillator output / clock input |
| פין 12 | RC1/T1OSI/CCP2 — PORTC bit 1 / Timer1 oscillator input / CCP2 |
| פין 13 | RC2/CCP1 — PORTC bit 2 / Capture-Compare-PWM 1 |
| פין 14 | RC3/SCK/SCL — PORTC bit 3 / SPI clock / I2C clock |
| פין 15 | RC4/SDI/SDA — PORTC bit 4 / SPI data in / I2C data |
| פין 16 | RC5/SDO — PORTC bit 5 / SPI data out |
| פין 17 | RC6/TX/CK — PORTC bit 6 / UART TX / clock |
| פין 18 | RC7/RX/DT — PORTC bit 7 / UART RX / data |
| פין 19 | VSS — Ground (second pad on QFN) |
| פין 20 | VDD — Positive supply |
| פין 21 | RB0/INT — PORTB bit 0 / external interrupt |
| פין 22 | RB1 — PORTB bit 1 |
| פין 23 | RB2 — PORTB bit 2 |
| פין 24 | RB3/PGM — PORTB bit 3 / low-voltage programming |
| פין 25 | RB4 — PORTB bit 4 |
| פין 26 | RB5 — PORTB bit 5 |
| פין 27 | RB6/PGC — PORTB bit 6 / ICSP clock |
| פין 28 | RB7/PGD — PORTB bit 7 / ICSP data |
| פין EP | EP — Exposed thermal pad (connect to VSS) |
יישומים טיפוסיים
PIC16F873AT-E/ML מתאים עבור 6 יישוםs: Industrial Sensor Interface Module, HVAC Thermostat Controller, Automotive Body Electronics, Consumer White-Goods User Interface, Motor Control and PWM Driver Board, Battery-Operated Remote Control.
Industrial Sensor Interface Module
The PIC16F873AT-E/ML's 10-bit 5-channel ADC, 192-byte RAM, and I2C/SPI peripherals make it well-suited for multi-sensor data acquisition front-ends. Engineers can sample four 4-20mA loop sensors, store calibration constants in 128-byte EEPROM, and forward readings via UART to a master PLC. The 20MHz CPU handles 200ns instruction cycles, comfortably running oversampling averaging routines at 1kHz update rates while leaving headroom for digital filtering. The 22 GPIO pins provide dedicated chip-select lines for SPI sensors plus interrupt inputs, and the E-grade -40C to +125C rating tolerates factory-floor cabinet temperatures without derating. Integrated peripherals eliminate the need for an external ADC or EEPROM, reducing BOM cost in volume deployments.
מומלץ
HVAC Thermostat Controller
The PIC16F873AT-E/ML serves as the central controller in residential and commercial HVAC thermostats, where the on-chip 10-bit ADC digitizes thermistor or RTD temperature sensors while the 16-bit timer drives PWM outputs for proportional valve control. The integrated UART/USART enables communication with Wi-Fi or sub-GHz wireless modules for smart-thermostat connectivity, and the 128-byte EEPROM stores user schedules and calibration data across power cycles. The CCP module generates precise PWM frequencies for triac-fired heater banks, and the E temperature grade supports outdoor unit installations where ambient swings between -20C and +70C are routine.
מומלץ
Automotive Body Electronics
The PIC16F873AT-E/ML's extended -40C to +125C operating range and 22 GPIO channels suit automotive body-control modules such as seat controllers, mirror adjusters, and lighting drivers. The CCP module generates PWM dimming signals for interior ambient lighting, while the UART interfaces with the vehicle's LIN or CAN network through an external transceiver. The 7KB flash holds a state-machine driver plus diagnostic routines, and 192-byte RAM supports small protocol buffers. Hardware watch-dog and brown-out reset increase robustness against automotive cranking-voltage transients and EMC events.
מומלץ
Consumer White-Goods User Interface
Washing machines, dishwashers, and microwave ovens use the PIC16F873AT-E/ML as the front-panel UI controller, where it scans capacitive or resistive touch keypads, drives 7-segment or LCD displays via I2C expanders, and exchanges commands with the appliance's main power board over UART. The 128-byte EEPROM stores user presets and fault logs through power cycles, while the 10-bit ADC reads load-cell signals for weight-sensing washers. The 20MHz CPU runs the UI task loop and the appliance-state machine within the 200ns instruction-cycle budget.
מומלץ
Motor Control and PWM Driver Board
The PIC16F873AT-E/ML drives small DC and stepper motors in fans, pumps, and valve actuators using its 16-bit timer and CCP module for center-aligned PWM at frequencies up to 20kHz. The 5-channel ADC samples motor current via shunt resistors for closed-loop torque or speed control, while the UART exposes diagnostic telemetry to a host controller. The QFN package's exposed thermal pad dissipates up to 1W, sufficient for the MCU core alone when peripherals are lightly loaded. The 22 GPIO lines allocate channels for direction-control H-bridges, tachometer feedback, and fault inputs.
מומלץ
Battery-Operated Remote Control
The PIC16F873AT-E/ML fits handheld IR/RF remote controls where its low-power sleep modes extend battery life to multi-year timescales. The 128-byte EEPROM stores pairing codes and device profiles, while the UART/USART drives 38kHz IR transmitters or 2.4GHz transceivers like the MRF24J40. The 22 GPIO scan a 5x5 keypad matrix and drive LED status indicators via PWM dimming. The 7KB flash accommodates menu-tree state machines plus the IR protocol library (RC5, NEC, SIRC). Surface-mount 28-QFN minimizes PCB area in space-constrained handheld enclosures.
מומלץ
סיכום מוצרים מומלצים
נתוני עזר הנדסיים עבור PIC16F873AT-E/ML — השוואה, הנחיות תכנון ומידע על תאימות.
מדריך בחירה
השוואה עם חלופות
| פרמטר | מוצר זה | PIC16F873A-I/ML | PIC16F873A-E/ML | PIC16F876AT-E/ML | PIC16F873A-I/SS |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Package | 28-QFN (6x6 mm) | 28-QFN (6x6) - same | 28-QFN (6x6) - same | 28-QFN (6x6) - same | 28-SSOP (not drop-in) |
| Brand | Microchip Technology | Microchip Technology | Microchip Technology | Microchip Technology | Microchip Technology |
| Program Memory (FLASH) | 7 KB (4K x 14) | 7 KB | 7 KB | 14 KB | 7 KB |
| RAM Size | 192 bytes | 192 bytes | 192 bytes | 368 bytes | 192 bytes |
| EEPROM Size | 128 bytes | 128 bytes | 128 bytes | 256 bytes | 128 bytes |
| Max CPU Frequency | 20 MHz | 20 MHz | 20 MHz | 20 MHz | 20 MHz |
| GPIO Pins | 22 | 22 | 22 | 22 | 22 |
| Temperature Grade | -40C to +125C (E) | -40C to +85C (I) | -40C to +125C (E) | -40C to +125C (E) | -40C to +85C (I) |
| Packaging | Tape & Reel (T) | Tray | Tray | Tape & Reel | Tube |
מבדילים עיקריים
- Extended -40C to +125C temperature grade (לעומתPIC16F873A-I/ML)
- Tape-and-reel packaging for high-volume SMT (לעומתPIC16F873A-E/ML (tray))
- Compact 6x6mm QFN footprint (לעומתPIC16F873A-I/SS (28-SSOP))
הערות תכנון
Estimated: the 28-QFN package exposes a thermal pad on its underside that must be soldered to a PCB copper pad for both thermal dissipation and mechanical reliability. Connect this pad to VSS through at least four thermal vias (0.3mm drill, 1mm pitch) to a ground plane on the opposite side. Without proper soldering, the part can overheat at 20MHz full-load operation and exhibit intermittent JTAG/ICSP failures during programming.
Place a 100nF ceramic decoupling capacitor as close as possible to the VDD pin (pin 20) with traces no longer than 2mm. Add a 10uF bulk capacitor near the IC for switching transient suppression. According to Microchip datasheet DS30262D, the part operates from 2.0V to 5.5V Vdd; below 4.5V the ADC accuracy degrades, so use a low-dropout regulator such as MCP1700 for stable analog reference rails.
Do not leave the MCLR pin floating - it must be tied to VDD through a 10kohm pull-up resistor for normal operation. A floating MCLR causes random resets and erratic program execution. For ICSP programming, the MCLR/VPP line is driven to ~13V during bulk erase; ensure your reset circuit uses a clamping diode or current limiter to protect downstream components.
When using the 28-QFN for high-speed SPI (above 5MHz clock), keep the SCK/SDO/SDI traces short and matched in length. Add 33ohm series damping resistors near the MCU pins to reduce ringing on long board traces. The exposed thermal pad doubles as a reference plane - route sensitive analog signals (AN0-AN4) on an opposite layer separated by a continuous ground plane to minimize ADC coupling from digital switching.
מידע על תאימות
RoHS and REACH compliant per Microchip product declaration; lead-free matte-tin plating on QFN pads. AEC-Q100 qualification is not applicable to the standard PIC16F873AT-E/ML - automotive customers should request PIC16F873AT-E/MLVAO or contact Microchip for AEC-Q100 grade options.
