W78L516A24PL - 24MHz 8-bit 8052 MCU 64KB Flash | Nuvoton
MPN: W78L516A24PL ✓ AktifW78L516A24PL Ringkasan
An 8-bit microcontroller (MCU) is a single-chip computer that combines a CPU core, program memory, RAM, and peripheral I/O on one die. The W78L516 belongs to the 8051/8052 family - one of the most widely deployed microcontroller architectures globally - and falls within the broader categories of embedded controller, microprocessor, and semiconductor IC. The 8052 instruction set is fully upward-compatible with the original 8051, giving the W78L516 access to a vast ecosystem of compilers, debuggers, and reference code.
Key features include 64 KB main Flash plus 4 KB loader Flash, 256 bytes of on-chip RAM, four 8-bit I/O ports, three 16-bit timers/counters, a full-duplex UART, and a six-source interrupt controller. The Flash supports in-application programming via the on-chip loader, removing the need for an external ROM or EPROM. The device operates from a 2.4 V to 5.5 V supply and supports commercial and industrial temperature grades per the W78L516 datasheet.
Architecture-wise, the W78L516 uses the standard 8052 machine cycle (12 oscillator clocks per cycle), giving roughly 2 MIPS at the 24 MHz maximum. The dual-Flash layout (main + loader) is the key differentiator over single-Flash 8051 parts, because it lets firmware rewrite itself - a useful capability for remote sensor nodes, industrial controllers, and consumer appliances that may need in-field patches.
Typical applications include industrial control boards, smart sensors, motor-control front-ends, security alarm panels, consumer appliances, and legacy 8051 firmware migration projects. Designers commonly pair the W78L516 with Nuvoton W27C512 EEPROMs or low-dropout regulators such as the LM1117.
When designing, evaluate whether the 12-clock 8052 core delivers enough throughput; if not, consider an enhanced 8051 such as the Nuvoton N76E003 or a 32-bit MCU. Confirm Flash endurance and retention figures against the application's write-cycle budget, and budget for the loader region in code-size calculations.
Alternatif penggantian untuk W78L516A24PL — paket yang sama, pin-pada-pin kompatibel. Bagian paket yang berbeda memerlukan kerja ulang PCB diabaikan.
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W78L516A24PL Rating Maksimal & Karakteristik Listrik
| Core Architecture | 8052 (MCS-51 compatible) |
| Lebar Bus Data | 8-bit |
| Frekuensi Bawah Maximum | 24 MHz |
| Program Memory (Flash) | 64 KB (64K x 8) |
| Auxiliary Flash (Loader) | 4 KB |
| On-chip RAM | 256 bytes |
| I/O Ports | 4 x 8-bit (P0-P3) |
| Timers/Counters | 3 x 16-bit |
| UART | 1 x full-duplex |
| Interrupt Sources | 6 |
| Paket | 44-pin PLCC |
| Tipe Mounting | Surface Mount |
| Machine Cycle | 12 oscillator clocks per cycle |
| ISP Support | Yes (in-system programmable Flash via on-chip loader) |
Konfigurasi Pin W78L516A24PL
| Pin produk 1 | P1.0 — Port 1 bit 0 (bidirectional I/O) |
| Pin produk 2 | P1.1 — Port 1 bit 1 |
| Pin produk 3 | P1.2 — Port 1 bit 2 |
| Pin produk 4 | P1.3 — Port 1 bit 3 |
| Pin produk 5 | P1.4 — Port 1 bit 4 |
| Pin produk 6 | P1.5 — Port 1 bit 5 |
| Pin produk 7 | P1.6 — Port 1 bit 6 |
| Pin produk 8 | P1.7 — Port 1 bit 7 |
| Pin produk 9 | RST — Reset input (active high) |
| Pin produk 10 | P3.0 (RXD) — Port 3 bit 0 / UART receive |
| Pin produk 11 | P3.1 (TXD) — Port 3 bit 1 / UART transmit |
| Pin produk 12 | P3.2 (INT0) — Port 3 bit 2 / External interrupt 0 |
| Pin produk 13 | P3.3 (INT1) — Port 3 bit 3 / External interrupt 1 |
| Pin produk 14 | P3.4 (T0) — Port 3 bit 4 / Timer 0 external input |
| Pin produk 15 | P3.5 (T1) — Port 3 bit 5 / Timer 1 external input |
| Pin produk 16 | P3.6 (WR) — Port 3 bit 6 / External data memory write |
| Pin produk 17 | P3.7 (RD) — Port 3 bit 7 / External data memory read |
| Pin produk 18 | XTAL2 — Crystal oscillator output |
| Pin produk 19 | XTAL1 — Crystal oscillator input |
| Pin produk 20 | VSS — Ground |
| Pin produk 21 | P2.0 — Port 2 bit 0 (high-byte address bus) |
| Pin produk 22 | P2.1 — Port 2 bit 1 |
| Pin produk 23 | P2.2 — Port 2 bit 2 |
| Pin produk 24 | P2.3 — Port 2 bit 3 |
| Pin produk 25 | P2.4 — Port 2 bit 4 |
| Pin produk 26 | P2.5 — Port 2 bit 5 |
| Pin produk 27 | P2.6 — Port 2 bit 6 |
| Pin produk 28 | P2.7 — Port 2 bit 7 |
| Pin produk 29 | PSEN — Program Store Enable (active low) |
| Pin produk 30 | ALE — Address Latch Enable |
| Pin produk 31 | EA — External Access Enable (active low) |
| Pin produk 32 | P0.7 — Port 0 bit 7 (data bus / low-byte address) |
| Pin produk 33 | P0.6 — Port 0 bit 6 |
| Pin produk 34 | P0.5 — Port 0 bit 5 |
| Pin produk 35 | P0.4 — Port 0 bit 4 |
| Pin produk 36 | P0.3 — Port 0 bit 3 |
| Pin produk 37 | P0.2 — Port 0 bit 2 |
| Pin produk 38 | P0.1 — Port 0 bit 1 |
| Pin produk 39 | P0.0 — Port 0 bit 0 |
| Pin produk 40 | VDD — Positive supply |
| Pin produk 41 | NC — Not connected (per datasheet) |
| Pin produk 42 | NC — Not connected (per datasheet) |
| Pin produk 43 | NC — Not connected (per datasheet) |
| Pin produk 44 | NC — Not connected (per datasheet) |
Aplikasi Umum
W78L516A24PL cocok untuk 6 aplikasis: Industrial Control Boards, Smart Sensor Hubs, Security Alarm Panels, Consumer Appliance Controllers, Motor Control Front-Ends, Legacy 8051 Firmware Migration Projects.
Industrial Control Boards
The W78L516A24PL's 8052 core, 24 MHz operation, and 64 KB Flash make it a strong fit for industrial control boards where deterministic 8-bit I/O handling is more important than raw throughput. The four 8-bit I/O ports (P0-P3) directly drive relays, optocouplers, and 24 V digital inputs through level shifters, while the three 16-bit timers generate precise PWM outputs for valve and actuator control. The in-system programmable Flash enables factory calibration and field firmware updates without a programmer - critical for installed equipment. Compared with 32-bit alternatives, the 8052 core keeps BOM cost low and BOM complexity minimal, with a mature Keil C51 toolchain.
Direkomendasikan
Smart Sensor Hubs
The W78L516A24PL suits smart sensor hubs that aggregate multiple analog or digital sensors and forward readings over UART. Its full-duplex UART handles Modbus RTU or proprietary sensor protocols, while the four 8-bit ports read switch inputs, drive indicator LEDs, and bit-bang I2C/SPI to external sensors. At 24 MHz the 8052 core can poll sensors at typical 100 Hz rates without CPU saturation. The 4 KB loader Flash lets OEMs push calibration updates or new sensor profiles over the same UART, reducing field-service cost. The PLCC-44 package is easy to socket for prototype swap-outs during sensor bring-up.
Direkomendasikan
Security Alarm Panels
The W78L516A24PL is a typical main-controller choice for security alarm panels, where its 24 MHz 8052 core polls up to 32 zones through P0-P3 multiplexed with 74HC4051 analog switches. The full-duplex UART connects to a digital keypad or to a central monitoring station over a PSTN modem or GSM module, while the three timers schedule arm/disarm routines and alarm siren PWM tones. The 64 KB Flash stores panel logic, zone definitions, and communication protocols, with the 4 KB loader region enabling secure OTA updates when service technicians need to push new firmware. The PLCC-44 socketed package simplifies repair in the field.
Direkomendasikan
Consumer Appliance Controllers
Appliance controllers (washing machines, microwave ovens, dishwashers) frequently use the W78L516A24PL because of its low BOM cost, mature 8052 toolchain, and in-system programmable Flash that supports factory calibration and end-of-line firmware updates. The four 8-bit ports drive seven-segment displays, keypads, and triac-fired heater elements through optoisolators. The timers generate the AC line zero-crossing interrupts needed for phase-angle or zero-crossing triac control. The 256-byte on-chip RAM is sufficient for short appliance state machines, and the 64 KB Flash fits complete menu and wash-cycle logic. The PLCC-44 package supports both wave and reflow soldering.
Direkomendasikan
Motor Control Front-Ends
The W78L516A24PL fits motor-control front-ends where it handles user-interface, sequencing, and commutation logic, offloading the actual torque control to a dedicated motor-driver IC. Its 24 MHz clock generates 10-20 kHz PWM via the timers with enough CPU headroom for closed-loop speed control loops at 1 kHz. The full-duplex UART interfaces with an external BLDC driver such as the Nuvoton KA44 or to a CAN transceiver for networked drives. The 64 KB Flash holds state machines, fault handlers, and user-interface code, with the 4 KB loader region enabling firmware upgrades over the same UART. The 44-pin PLCC package exposes enough I/O for Hall-effect sensor inputs and fault-flag monitoring.
Direkomendasikan
Legacy 8051 Firmware Migration Projects
The W78L516A24PL is the standard target when migrating older 8051 firmware onto a modern, in-system-programmable Flash part while preserving the existing 8052 toolchain. Existing code recompiles cleanly with Keil C51, IAR 8051, or SDCC with no architectural changes - the 12-clock machine cycle and SFR layout match the original 8052. The 64 KB Flash and 4 KB loader replace the older EPROM + ROM architecture, eliminating the UV-erase window and external programmer. The PLCC-44 footprint drops onto existing PLCC-44 PCB pads with no layout changes, shortening the qualification cycle. Designers can later migrate to an enhanced 8051 (N76E003) once firmware is decoupled from the original 8052 timing.
Direkomendasikan
Ringkasan Produk Direkomendasikan
Data referensi engineering untuk W78L516A24PL — pembandingan, panduan desain, dan informasi konformitas.
Panduan Pemilihan
Pembandingan dengan Alternatif
| Parameter Umum | Produk Ini | W78L516A40PL | W78LE516 | W78C32C-40PL |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Brand | Nuvoton Technology Corporation | Nuvoton Technology Corporation | Nuvoton Technology Corporation | Nuvoton Technology Corporation |
| Package | PLCC-44 | PLCC-44 (same) | PLCC-44 (same) | PLCC-44 (same) |
| Program Memory Type | 64 KB Flash + 4 KB loader | 64 KB Flash + 4 KB loader (same) | Flash (same family) | ROMless (external memory required) |
| Core Architecture | 8052 (MCS-51) | 8052 (MCS-51) | 8052 (MCS-51) | 8052 (MCS-51) |
| Machine Cycle | 12 clocks/cycle | 12 clocks/cycle (same) | 12 clocks/cycle (same) | 12 clocks/cycle (same) |
| ISP Support | Yes (on-chip loader) | Yes (same) | Yes (same family) | No (ROMless) |
Diferensiator Kunci
- In-system programmable Flash with on-chip 4 KB loader (vsW78C32C-40PL)
- 24 MHz operation in standard-voltage range (vsW78LE516)
- Drop-in speed upgrade path to W78L516A40PL (vsW78L516A40PL)
Catatan Desain
Estimated: The W78L516A24PL core draws a few mA at 24 MHz from VDD; add a 100 nF decoupling capacitor as close as possible to the VDD pin, plus a bulk 10 uF tantalum or ceramic capacitor on the same rail. The PLCC-44 footprint provides a dedicated VDD pin (pin 40) and VSS pin (pin 20); keep both returns connected to a low-impedance ground plane to avoid reset glitches during high-current I/O transitions.
Do not confuse the W78L516 (Flash, standard-voltage) with the W78C32 (ROMless) or the W78LE516 (low-voltage). The PLCC-44 pinout is identical across these variants, but firmware behavior differs - particularly the boot vector when EA is held low (external program memory). Tie EA high for internal Flash execution. The auxiliary 4 KB loader region is reserved for the ISP bootloader; do not place application code there without disabling ISP.
Place the crystal or resonator within 10 mm of pins 18 (XTAL2) and 19 (XTAL1) and route the traces over a continuous ground plane to minimize EMI. Add 22-33 pF load capacitors from each XTAL pin to ground; the exact value depends on the crystal specification and stray capacitance. Keep the RST pin (pin 9) high via a 10 kohm pull-up to VDD, with a 10 uF capacitor to ground for a clean power-on reset.
Informasi Konformitas
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