TCA6416ARTWR
TCA6416ARTWR - 16-Bit I2C I/O Expander with Voltage Translation | TI
The Texas Instruments TCA6416ARTWR is a 16-bit translating I2C/SMBus I/O expander with 1.65V to 5.5V operation, 400 kHz Fast Mode I2C support, voltage translation between host and port banks, and an open-drain interrupt output, housed in a 24-pin WQFN (RTW) 4x4 mm package with exposed thermal pad.
An I/O expander is a category of bus-interface IC that uses a serial protocol (typically I2C or SPI) to add parallel general-purpose input/output pins to a host microcontroller whose native GPIO count is insufficient. Architecturally the TCA6416ARTWR sits beneath the "I2C peripheral" hierarchy: it is a slave I2C device that decodes SCL/SDA traffic, drives 16 quasi-bidirectional I/O ports, and exposes a polarity-inversion register, configuration register, input/output register, and a maskable interrupt. Voltage translation allows a 1.8V host MCU to switch 5V external loads without level-shifters, which is essential when interfacing legacy industrial or LED-driver peripherals.
Key features include 16 individually configurable I/O bits, hardware-address pins (A0/A1/A2) for up to 8 devices on one bus (128 total ports), an active-low RESET input, an open-drain INT output that signals input-state changes, and 5V tolerant I/O ports with 25 mA sink capability per pin. The WQFN-24 (RTW) 4x4 mm package offers a low 0.8 mm height, suitable for space-constrained handheld and embedded designs.
The TCA6416ARTWR implements a write-then-read protocol where the host writes a command byte to select the target register (Input, Output, Polarity Inversion, or Configuration), then reads or writes the corresponding data byte. The interrupt is cleared by reading the input port register, giving firmware a clean edge-triggered event model. Internal pull-up current sources on each port line enable direct connection to switches or buttons without external resistors.
Typical applications include expanding GPIO on portable consumer electronics, industrial control panels, IoT sensor hubs, white-goods HMI boards, and any design where a low-pin-count MCU (e.g., a 32-pin Cortex-M0) needs additional buttons, LEDs, or relay drivers. It is frequently paired with low-pin-count MCUs to keep BOM cost down.
When designing with this device, place 0.1 uF decoupling capacitors close to VCCI and VCCP supply pins, keep the I2C SCL/SDA traces short, and ensure pull-up resistors (typically 4.7 kohm at 400 kHz) are sized against bus capacitance. The RESET pin should be tied to VCCI through a 10 kohm resistor unless driven by the host.
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USD $2.05
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