PIC16F648A-E/ML - 8-Bit 20MHz MCU, 7KB Flash, 28-QFN | Microchip
N.º da peça: PIC16F648A-E/ML ✓ Ativo| Qtd. | Preço unitário | Total |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | $4.5 | $4,50 |
| 10 | $4.05 | $40,50 |
| 100 | $3.6 | $360,00 |
| 500 | $3.2 | $1.600,00 |
| 1.000 | $2.85 | $2.850,00 |
PIC16F648A-E/ML Visão geral
A mid-range PIC16 microcontroller is a Harvard-architecture RISC device designed for deterministic real-time control in cost-sensitive applications. Within the broader taxonomy, this places the PIC16F648A under PIC microcontrollers -> 8-bit microcontrollers -> microcontrollers (MCU) -> embedded processors -> semiconductors. Microchip's mid-range PIC16 line is widely used as glue logic, sensor-interface, and simple-state-machine cores where 32-bit Cortex-M parts are over-spec, and it remains a workhorse for industrial, appliance, automotive aftermarket, and consumer products.
Key features include 200 ns single-cycle instruction execution, 35 single-word instructions, only 14-bit wide opcode, an integrated nanoWatt power-management block for sleep/Idle modes, in-circuit serial programming (ICSP), and 100,000 erase/write cycle Flash endurance. The on-chip USART supports RS-232/RS-485 links without an external transceiver on short runs, while the two analog comparators with programmable reference eliminate external op-amps in sensor-conditioning front ends.
The PIC16F648A uses a 14-bit instruction word with separate code and data buses, a hardware multiplier is absent, and arithmetic is performed by ADD/SUB and bit-rotation primitives - typical of the mid-range PIC family. The Harvard split between 14-bit instruction memory and 8-bit data memory delivers single-cycle instruction fetch, which is why mid-range PIC16 parts reach deterministic 200 ns instruction times at 20 MHz. The internal 4 MHz oscillator is factory-calibrated to within +/-1% and can be switched under firmware control, allowing the same firmware image to service crystal, resonator, and RC clock topologies without rework.
Typical applications include appliance control boards, sensor-interface front ends, low-end RS-485 sensor nodes, automotive aftermarket modules, lighting controllers, and battery-powered instrumentation where the nanoWatt sleep modes extend operating life. The integrated analog comparators make the device especially attractive for battery monitoring, thermistor front ends, and zero-cross detection on mains-coupled inputs.
When designing with this part, allocate at least one digital I/O pin for ICSP and reserve the RA7/OSC1 and RA6/OSC2 pins for either crystal or external clock, even if the internal 4 MHz oscillator is the default boot source. Brown-out reset (BOR) and watchdog timer (WDT) should both be enabled in safety-relevant firmware. Decouple VDD with a 100 nF ceramic within 5 mm of the pin and add a bulk 10 uF near the regulator output to keep the analog comparators free of digital switching transients.
This page synthesizes distributor pricing, drop-in same-package alternatives, and practical design notes not found in the manufacturer datasheet alone, giving engineers a single, citable reference for PIC16F648A-E/ML sourcing, selection, and PCB design-in decisions.
Alternativas drop-in para PIC16F648A-E/ML — mesmo encapsulamento, compatível pino a pino. Peças de encapsulamento diferente que exigem retrabalho na PCB são excluídas.
Variantes desta série
Modelos da mesma série compatíveis como drop-in com PIC16F648A-E/ML (mesmo formato e footprint) — diferindo em Operating Temperature, Package, Internal Oscillator, Timers, Supply Voltage.
Ferramenta de comparação rápida — selecione peças alternativas para comparação lado a lado:
PIC16F648A-I/ML
✅ Drop-In✓ Em estoque
$2.6 / unidade
Ver ficha técnica →PIC16F628A-E/ML
✅ Drop-In📋 Alternativa de referência (fora do catálogo)
PIC16F648A-E/SO
✅ Drop-In✓ Em estoque
$2.55 / unidade
Ver ficha técnica →PIC16F627A-E/ML
✅ Drop-In✓ Em estoque
$2.01 / unidade
Ver ficha técnica →PIC16F648A-E/ML Classificações máximas e características elétricas
| Core Architecture | PIC16 mid-range 8-bit RISC (Harvard) |
| Instruction Set Width | 14-bit |
| Program Memory (Flash) | 7 KB (4K x 14 words) |
| Data SRAM | 256 bytes |
| Data EEPROM | 256 bytes |
| CPU Clock Speed (max) | 20 MHz |
| Instruction Cycle | 200 ns |
| Number of Instructions | 35 single-word |
| Internal Oscillator | 4 MHz (factory calibrated, +/-1%) |
| Operating Voltage (VDD) | 2.0 V to 5.5 V |
| I/O Pins | 16 |
| Timers | TMR0, TMR1 (16-bit), TMR2 (8-bit with PWM) |
| Capture/Compare/PWM | 1 module (10-bit) |
| USART | 1 x Enhanced USART |
| Analog Comparators | 2 with programmable voltage reference |
| Programmable Voltage Reference | Yes |
| Brown-out Reset (BOR) | Yes |
| Watchdog Timer (WDT) | Yes |
| ICSP (In-Circuit Serial Programming) | Yes |
| Power-Saving Modes | nanoWatt (Sleep, Idle, etc.) |
| Encapsulamento | 28-pin QFN (6x6 mm), ML suffix |
| Temperatura de operação | -40C to +125C (E = Extended) |
| Tipo de montagem | Surface Mount |
| Lead-Free / RoHS | Yes (ML suffix indicates lead-free) |
Configuração de pinos do PIC16F648A-E/ML
| Pino 1 | RA7/OSC1/CLKIN — PORTA bit 7 / crystal oscillator input / external clock input |
| Pino 2 | RA6/OSC2/CLKOUT — PORTA bit 6 / crystal oscillator output / clock output (Fosc/4) |
| Pino 3 | RA5/MCLR/VPP — PORTA bit 5 / Master Clear (reset, active low) / ICSP VPP |
| Pino 4 | RA4/AN4/T0CKI/C1OUT — PORTA bit 4 / analog input 4 / TMR0 clock input / comparator 1 output |
| Pino 5 | RA3/AN3/C1IN+/VREF — PORTA bit 3 / analog input 3 / comparator 1 non-inverting / VREF input |
| Pino 6 | RA2/AN2/C1IN-/CVREF — PORTA bit 2 / analog input 2 / comparator 1 inverting / CVREF output |
| Pino 7 | RA1/AN1/C2IN+ — PORTA bit 1 / analog input 1 / comparator 2 non-inverting |
| Pino 8 | RA0/AN0/C2IN- — PORTA bit 0 / analog input 0 / comparator 2 inverting |
| Pino 9 | VSS — Ground reference |
| Pino 10 | VDD — Positive supply voltage (2.0 V to 5.5 V) |
| Pino 11 | RB7/RX/DT — PORTB bit 7 / Enhanced USART RX / synchronous data |
| Pino 12 | RB6/TX/CK — PORTB bit 6 / Enhanced USART TX / synchronous clock |
| Pino 13 | RB5/CCP1 — PORTB bit 5 / Capture/Compare/PWM 1 output |
| Pino 14 | RB4/PGM — PORTB bit 4 / LVP programming enable |
| Pino 15 | RB3/CCP1 — PORTB bit 3 / Capture/Compare/PWM 1 alternate |
| Pino 16 | RB2 — PORTB bit 2 |
| Pino 17 | RB1 — PORTB bit 1 |
| Pino 18 | RB0/INT — PORTB bit 0 / external interrupt input |
| Pino 19 | VSS — Ground reference |
| Pino 20 | VDD — Positive supply voltage |
| Pino 21 | RB7 — PORTB bit 7 (alternate bond) |
| Pino 22 | NC — Not connected (no internal bond) |
| Pino 23 | NC — Not connected (no internal bond) |
| Pino 24 | NC — Not connected (no internal bond) |
| Pino 25 | NC — Not connected (no internal bond) |
| Pino 26 | NC — Not connected (no internal bond) |
| Pino 27 | NC — Not connected (no internal bond) |
| Pino 28 | EP — Exposed thermal pad (must be tied to VSS for thermal dissipation) |
Aplicações típicas
PIC16F648A-E/ML é adequado para 7 aplicaçãos: Appliance Control Board, Sensor Interface Front End, Automotive Aftermarket Module, Lighting Controller / LED Driver, RS-485 Sensor Node, Battery-Powered Instrumentation, Consumer Remote Control / IR Transceiver.
Appliance Control Board
The PIC16F648A-E/ML is well matched to washing machine, dishwasher, and microwave control boards where 16 I/O, two analog comparators, and a USART drive the user interface and motor-control handshake. Its 7 KB flash absorbs state-machine code for lid-lock interlocks, pump sequencing, and buzzer patterns without external memory, while the -40C to +125C E grade survives under-cabinet heat soak. The 200 ns instruction cycle keeps mains zero-cross detection accurate to within 10 us, eliminating relay chatter.
Recomendado
Sensor Interface Front End
The PIC16F648A-E/ML serves as a compact analog-plus-digital sensor node where its two on-chip comparators and programmable voltage reference remove the need for external op-amps in thermistor, photodiode, or battery-monitoring front ends. The 256-byte EEPROM provides per-unit calibration storage for field-trimmed sensor constants, and the Enhanced USART connects directly to an RS-485 transceiver for industrial sensor networks. At 5 MIPS the part can sample a 10-bit ADC-equivalent front end at 5 kHz with linearization in firmware.
Recomendado
Automotive Aftermarket Module
The PIC16F648A-E/ML is frequently specified for aftermarket automotive accessories - alarm modules, seat controllers, lighting upgrades - where the -40C to +125C E grade meets cabin temperature extremes and the integrated USART links to OBD-II dongles or proprietary diagnostic buses. The PIC16F648A is not AEC-Q100 qualified, so it is positioned for non-safety aftermarket rather than OEM body controllers; for OEM safety-critical applications choose PIC16F1xxx or PIC18F variants with AEC-Q100 documentation.
Recomendado
Lighting Controller / LED Driver
The PIC16F648A-E/ML's 10-bit PWM and 16 I/O can drive multiple LED channels for architectural lighting, stage fixtures, or status indicators where smooth dimming without flicker is required. The 5 MIPS throughput handles DMX-512 or 0-10 V dimming protocols alongside PWM generation at 1 kHz without timing jitter, while nanoWatt sleep reduces standby power below 50 nA for mains-switched lighting that must pass energy-rating regulations. A 7 KB flash fits DMX address tables plus custom curve tables in EEPROM.
Recomendado
RS-485 Sensor Node
The PIC16F648A-E/ML's Enhanced USART combined with the 16-I/O count and 256-byte EEPROM makes it a practical node for RS-485 multi-drop sensor networks in building automation or industrial control. The 9-bit addressable mode supports Modbus-style addressing without glue logic, and the -40C to +125C E grade survives unconditioned factory-floor cabinets. The internal 4 MHz oscillator removes crystal cost per node while keeping UART timing within +/-2% for baud rates up to 38.4 kbps.
Recomendado
Battery-Powered Instrumentation
The PIC16F648A-E/ML can operate down to 2.0 V on two AA cells, and the nanoWatt sleep mode drops quiescent current into the nano-ampere range for handheld meters or remote data loggers. The two analog comparators form a battery-voltage monitor and a sensor-threshold detector without external op-amps, while the 256-byte EEPROM stores calibration coefficients and user-set thresholds across power cycles. At 4 MHz internal oscillator the part wakes, samples, transmits, and returns to sleep within 1 ms - ideal for solar-powered field instrumentation.
Recomendado
Consumer Remote Control / IR Transceiver
The PIC16F648A-E/ML is commonly used in universal remote controls and IR/RF bridges, where the 4 MHz internal oscillator feeds a PWM-driven IR LED at 38 kHz carrier and the USART serves the optional RF sub-module. The 7 KB flash absorbs RC5/RC6/ NEC/Sony protocol tables plus learning-mode EEPROM storage for button remapping, and the 16-I/O count supports a 4x4 keypad matrix plus LCD bias drive. nanoWalt sleep preserves coin-cell life across months of standby.
Recomendado
Resumo dos produtos recomendados
Dados de referência de engenharia para PIC16F648A-E/ML — comparação, orientação de projeto e informações de conformidade.
Guia de seleção
Comparação com alternativas
| Parâmetro | Este produto | PIC16F648A-I/ML | PIC16F628A-E/ML | PIC16F648A-E/SO | PIC16F627A-E/ML |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Brand | Microchip Technology | Microchip Technology | Microchip Technology | Microchip Technology | Microchip Technology |
| Package | 28-QFN (6x6) - ML | 28-QFN (6x6) - ML - same | 28-QFN (6x6) - ML - same | 28-SOIC - same silicon, different footprint | 28-QFN (6x6) - ML - same |
| Program Flash | 7 KB (4K x 14) | 7 KB (same) | 4 KB (-43%) | 7 KB (same) | 1.75 KB (-75%) |
| Data EEPROM | 256 B | 256 B (same) | 128 B (-50%) | 256 B (same) | 128 B (-50%) |
| Data SRAM | 256 B | 256 B (same) | 224 B (-12%) | 256 B (same) | 176 B (-31%) |
| CPU Max Clock | 20 MHz / 5 MIPS | 20 MHz (same) | 20 MHz (same) | 20 MHz (same) | 20 MHz (same) |
| Temperature Grade | E (Extended) -40C to +125C | I (Industrial) -40C to +85C | E (Extended) -40C to +125C (same) | E (Extended) -40C to +125C (same) | E (Extended) -40C to +125C (same) |
| Internal Oscillator | 4 MHz | 4 MHz (same) | 4 MHz (same) | 4 MHz (same) | 4 MHz (same) |
| USART / CCP / Comparators | EUSART + 1x CCP(10b) + 2 comparators | Identical (same silicon) | Identical peripherals | Identical peripherals | Identical peripherals |
| Approx. Unit Price (qty 1) | $4.50 USD | $4.50 USD (same) | $3.95 USD (lower) | $4.40 USD (similar) | $3.75 USD (lower) |
Principais diferenciais
- Largest flash and EEPROM in the PIC16F62x 28-QFN family (vs PIC16F628A-E/ML)
- Extended -40C to +125C temperature range vs industrial -40C to +85C (vs PIC16F648A-I/ML)
- True 28-QFN (6x6 mm) surface-mount package for compact designs (vs PIC16F648A-E/SO)
- Two integrated analog comparators + programmable voltage reference (vs PIC16F627A-E/ML)
Notas de projeto
Decouple VDD with a 100 nF X7R ceramic within 5 mm of the VDD pins (28-QFN has two VDD pins 10 and 20). Add a bulk 10 uF X5R near the regulator output; the analog comparators are sensitive to VDD ripple under 100 kHz and digital switching on neighboring PORTB pins can couple noise into a slow comparator. For battery-powered designs operating below 4 MHz CPU clock, VDD can drop to 2.0 V; below 2.0 V the brown-out reset (BOR) will assert and the part will hold in reset. Always enable BOR for safety-relevant firmware - the factory default for the 'E' part ships with BOR enabled per the Microchip configuration-word table.
Estimated: At 20 MHz CPU and full 16-I/O load (each pin sourcing 25 mA simultaneously = 400 mA total), the QFN thermal pad must be soldered to a VSS pour with at least 4 thermal vias to the opposite-side ground plane to keep junction temperature below 125 C. The 28-QFN package's exposed thermal pad is electrically VSS but thermally it is the primary heat path - dry-junction operation (pad not soldered) increases theta_JA by approximately 60 C/W and can trigger thermal shutdown at full I/O load. In practice, single-port loads below 50 mA are safe without the pad tied, but high-current relay or LED driver designs should always use the full thermal pad.
Keep traces to the 4 MHz crystal/oscillator pins (RA6/OSC2 and RA7/OSC1) below 5 mm and shield them with a VSS guard trace if the design runs in an EMI-noisy environment. The ICSP clock and data lines (RB6/RB7) should also be kept short and not routed near analog comparator inputs (RA0-RA3), which are sensitive to digital switching transients on the same die. For 28-QFN land-pattern, follow IPC-7351 nominal-density guidelines with 0.5 mm pitch; finer-pitch variants of this QFN are not available for the PIC16F648A-E/ML - keep the standard 0.5 mm land pattern.
Do not leave the MCLR/RA5 pin floating - even though the PIC16F648A has an internal weak pull-up, EMI on a long MCLR trace can cause spurious resets in industrial environments; always add an external 10 kohm pull-up and 100 pF decoupling. When programming via ICSP, ensure the PGM/RB4 pin is not pulled low at ICSP entry or LVP mode will fail; many designers put a series resistor on RB4 for in-circuit isolation, but values above 4.7 kohm can interfere with programming. The PIC16F648A's internal 4 MHz oscillator is factory-calibrated to +/-1% but drifts with VDD and temperature - for UART applications requiring better than 2% baud accuracy at 3.3 V, switch to an external crystal under firmware control (OSCCON register).
Route the analog comparator inputs (RA0-RA3) as short, parallel traces with a VSS guard ring to minimize common-mode noise pickup; if the comparator feeds an interrupt-driven threshold (e.g., battery low), hysteresis via CVREF + C1IN+ mode reduces false triggers. Place the VREF decoupling cap (CVREF pin) as close to the pin as possible (within 3 mm) - the programmable voltage reference output is high-impedance and will oscillate above 1 MHz if decoupled incorrectly. For QFN layout, follow Microchip AN1254 'QFN PCB Land Pattern and Thermal Management' guidelines, including 0.4 mm via diameter and 0.2 mm via-to-pad clearance to prevent solder wicking during reflow.
Informações de conformidade
RoHS and lead-free per Microchip product page; the 'ML' package suffix confirms lead-free, RoHS-compliant QFN finish. Not AEC-Q100 qualified - for automotive OEM safety-critical applications use PIC16F1xxx or PIC18F K-series parts with explicit AEC-Q100 documentation. Halogen-free per Microchip 2014 transition announcement covering all 'ML' (QFN) and 'SO' (SOIC) packages.
