PIC16F648A-E/ML - 8-Bit 20MHz MCU, 7KB Flash, 28-QFN | Microchip
MPN: PIC16F648A-E/ML ✓ فعالPIC16F648A-E/ML جائزہ
A mid-range PIC16 microcontroller is a Harvard-architecture RISC device designed for deterministic real-time control in cost-sensitive applications. Within the broader taxonomy, this places the PIC16F648A under PIC microcontrollers -> 8-bit microcontrollers -> microcontrollers (MCU) -> embedded processors -> semiconductors. Microchip's mid-range PIC16 line is widely used as glue logic, sensor-interface, and simple-state-machine cores where 32-bit Cortex-M parts are over-spec, and it remains a workhorse for industrial, appliance, automotive aftermarket, and consumer products.
Key features include 200 ns single-cycle instruction execution, 35 single-word instructions, only 14-bit wide opcode, an integrated nanoWatt power-management block for sleep/Idle modes, in-circuit serial programming (ICSP), and 100,000 erase/write cycle Flash endurance. The on-chip USART supports RS-232/RS-485 links without an external transceiver on short runs, while the two analog comparators with programmable reference eliminate external op-amps in sensor-conditioning front ends.
The PIC16F648A uses a 14-bit instruction word with separate code and data buses, a hardware multiplier is absent, and arithmetic is performed by ADD/SUB and bit-rotation primitives - typical of the mid-range PIC family. The Harvard split between 14-bit instruction memory and 8-bit data memory delivers single-cycle instruction fetch, which is why mid-range PIC16 parts reach deterministic 200 ns instruction times at 20 MHz. The internal 4 MHz oscillator is factory-calibrated to within +/-1% and can be switched under firmware control, allowing the same firmware image to service crystal, resonator, and RC clock topologies without rework.
Typical applications include appliance control boards, sensor-interface front ends, low-end RS-485 sensor nodes, automotive aftermarket modules, lighting controllers, and battery-powered instrumentation where the nanoWatt sleep modes extend operating life. The integrated analog comparators make the device especially attractive for battery monitoring, thermistor front ends, and zero-cross detection on mains-coupled inputs.
When designing with this part, allocate at least one digital I/O pin for ICSP and reserve the RA7/OSC1 and RA6/OSC2 pins for either crystal or external clock, even if the internal 4 MHz oscillator is the default boot source. Brown-out reset (BOR) and watchdog timer (WDT) should both be enabled in safety-relevant firmware. Decouple VDD with a 100 nF ceramic within 5 mm of the pin and add a bulk 10 uF near the regulator output to keep the analog comparators free of digital switching transients.
This page synthesizes distributor pricing, drop-in same-package alternatives, and practical design notes not found in the manufacturer datasheet alone, giving engineers a single, citable reference for PIC16F648A-E/ML sourcing, selection, and PCB design-in decisions.
کے لیے ڈراپ اِن متبادل PIC16F648A-E/ML — یکساں پیکیج، پن سے پن مطابقت پذیر۔ مختلف پیکیج والے پرزے جن کے لیے PCB دوبارہ کام درکار ہو، شامل نہیں ہیں۔
اس سیریز میں مختلف ورژن
اسی سیریز کے ماڈلز جو ڈراپ اِن مطابقت رکھتے ہیں PIC16F648A-E/ML (یکساں فارم فیکٹر اور فٹ پرنٹ) — میں مختلف Operating Temperature, Package, Internal Oscillator, Timers, Supply Voltage.
PIC16F648A-I/ML
✅ ڈراپ-اِنقیمت کے لیے رابطہ کریں
ڈیٹا شیٹ دیکھیں →PIC16F628A-E/ML
✅ ڈراپ-اِن📋 حوالہ جاتی متبادل (کیٹلاگ میں نہیں)
PIC16F648A-E/SO
✅ ڈراپ-اِنقیمت کے لیے رابطہ کریں
ڈیٹا شیٹ دیکھیں →PIC16F627A-E/ML
✅ ڈراپ-اِنقیمت کے لیے رابطہ کریں
ڈیٹا شیٹ دیکھیں →PIC16F648A-E/ML زیادہ سے زیادہ ریٹنگز اور برقی خصوصیات
| Core Architecture | PIC16 mid-range 8-bit RISC (Harvard) |
| Instruction Set Width | 14-bit |
| Program Memory (Flash) | 7 KB (4K x 14 words) |
| Data SRAM | 256 bytes |
| Data EEPROM | 256 bytes |
| CPU Clock Speed (max) | 20 MHz |
| Instruction Cycle | 200 ns |
| Number of Instructions | 35 single-word |
| Internal Oscillator | 4 MHz (factory calibrated, +/-1%) |
| Operating Voltage (VDD) | 2.0 V to 5.5 V |
| I/O Pins | 16 |
| Timers | TMR0, TMR1 (16-bit), TMR2 (8-bit with PWM) |
| Capture/Compare/PWM | 1 module (10-bit) |
| USART | 1 x Enhanced USART |
| Analog Comparators | 2 with programmable voltage reference |
| Programmable Voltage Reference | Yes |
| Brown-out Reset (BOR) | Yes |
| Watchdog Timer (WDT) | Yes |
| ICSP (In-Circuit Serial Programming) | Yes |
| Power-Saving Modes | nanoWatt (Sleep, Idle, etc.) |
| پیکیج | 28-pin QFN (6x6 mm), ML suffix |
| آپریٹنگ درجہ حرارت | -40C to +125C (E = Extended) |
| ماؤنٹنگ ٹائپ | Surface Mount |
| Lead-Free / RoHS | Yes (ML suffix indicates lead-free) |
PIC16F648A-E/ML پن کنفیگریشن
| پن 1 | RA7/OSC1/CLKIN — PORTA bit 7 / crystal oscillator input / external clock input |
| پن 2 | RA6/OSC2/CLKOUT — PORTA bit 6 / crystal oscillator output / clock output (Fosc/4) |
| پن 3 | RA5/MCLR/VPP — PORTA bit 5 / Master Clear (reset, active low) / ICSP VPP |
| پن 4 | RA4/AN4/T0CKI/C1OUT — PORTA bit 4 / analog input 4 / TMR0 clock input / comparator 1 output |
| پن 5 | RA3/AN3/C1IN+/VREF — PORTA bit 3 / analog input 3 / comparator 1 non-inverting / VREF input |
| پن 6 | RA2/AN2/C1IN-/CVREF — PORTA bit 2 / analog input 2 / comparator 1 inverting / CVREF output |
| پن 7 | RA1/AN1/C2IN+ — PORTA bit 1 / analog input 1 / comparator 2 non-inverting |
| پن 8 | RA0/AN0/C2IN- — PORTA bit 0 / analog input 0 / comparator 2 inverting |
| پن 9 | VSS — Ground reference |
| پن 10 | VDD — Positive supply voltage (2.0 V to 5.5 V) |
| پن 11 | RB7/RX/DT — PORTB bit 7 / Enhanced USART RX / synchronous data |
| پن 12 | RB6/TX/CK — PORTB bit 6 / Enhanced USART TX / synchronous clock |
| پن 13 | RB5/CCP1 — PORTB bit 5 / Capture/Compare/PWM 1 output |
| پن 14 | RB4/PGM — PORTB bit 4 / LVP programming enable |
| پن 15 | RB3/CCP1 — PORTB bit 3 / Capture/Compare/PWM 1 alternate |
| پن 16 | RB2 — PORTB bit 2 |
| پن 17 | RB1 — PORTB bit 1 |
| پن 18 | RB0/INT — PORTB bit 0 / external interrupt input |
| پن 19 | VSS — Ground reference |
| پن 20 | VDD — Positive supply voltage |
| پن 21 | RB7 — PORTB bit 7 (alternate bond) |
| پن 22 | NC — Not connected (no internal bond) |
| پن 23 | NC — Not connected (no internal bond) |
| پن 24 | NC — Not connected (no internal bond) |
| پن 25 | NC — Not connected (no internal bond) |
| پن 26 | NC — Not connected (no internal bond) |
| پن 27 | NC — Not connected (no internal bond) |
| پن 28 | EP — Exposed thermal pad (must be tied to VSS for thermal dissipation) |
عام استعمالات
PIC16F648A-E/ML کے لیے موزوں ہے 7 ایپلیکیشنs: Appliance Control Board, Sensor Interface Front End, Automotive Aftermarket Module, Lighting Controller / LED Driver, RS-485 Sensor Node, Battery-Powered Instrumentation, Consumer Remote Control / IR Transceiver.
Appliance Control Board
The PIC16F648A-E/ML is well matched to washing machine, dishwasher, and microwave control boards where 16 I/O, two analog comparators, and a USART drive the user interface and motor-control handshake. Its 7 KB flash absorbs state-machine code for lid-lock interlocks, pump sequencing, and buzzer patterns without external memory, while the -40C to +125C E grade survives under-cabinet heat soak. The 200 ns instruction cycle keeps mains zero-cross detection accurate to within 10 us, eliminating relay chatter.
تجویز کردہ
Sensor Interface Front End
The PIC16F648A-E/ML serves as a compact analog-plus-digital sensor node where its two on-chip comparators and programmable voltage reference remove the need for external op-amps in thermistor, photodiode, or battery-monitoring front ends. The 256-byte EEPROM provides per-unit calibration storage for field-trimmed sensor constants, and the Enhanced USART connects directly to an RS-485 transceiver for industrial sensor networks. At 5 MIPS the part can sample a 10-bit ADC-equivalent front end at 5 kHz with linearization in firmware.
تجویز کردہ
Automotive Aftermarket Module
The PIC16F648A-E/ML is frequently specified for aftermarket automotive accessories - alarm modules, seat controllers, lighting upgrades - where the -40C to +125C E grade meets cabin temperature extremes and the integrated USART links to OBD-II dongles or proprietary diagnostic buses. The PIC16F648A is not AEC-Q100 qualified, so it is positioned for non-safety aftermarket rather than OEM body controllers; for OEM safety-critical applications choose PIC16F1xxx or PIC18F variants with AEC-Q100 documentation.
تجویز کردہ
Lighting Controller / LED Driver
The PIC16F648A-E/ML's 10-bit PWM and 16 I/O can drive multiple LED channels for architectural lighting, stage fixtures, or status indicators where smooth dimming without flicker is required. The 5 MIPS throughput handles DMX-512 or 0-10 V dimming protocols alongside PWM generation at 1 kHz without timing jitter, while nanoWatt sleep reduces standby power below 50 nA for mains-switched lighting that must pass energy-rating regulations. A 7 KB flash fits DMX address tables plus custom curve tables in EEPROM.
تجویز کردہ
RS-485 Sensor Node
The PIC16F648A-E/ML's Enhanced USART combined with the 16-I/O count and 256-byte EEPROM makes it a practical node for RS-485 multi-drop sensor networks in building automation or industrial control. The 9-bit addressable mode supports Modbus-style addressing without glue logic, and the -40C to +125C E grade survives unconditioned factory-floor cabinets. The internal 4 MHz oscillator removes crystal cost per node while keeping UART timing within +/-2% for baud rates up to 38.4 kbps.
تجویز کردہ
Battery-Powered Instrumentation
The PIC16F648A-E/ML can operate down to 2.0 V on two AA cells, and the nanoWatt sleep mode drops quiescent current into the nano-ampere range for handheld meters or remote data loggers. The two analog comparators form a battery-voltage monitor and a sensor-threshold detector without external op-amps, while the 256-byte EEPROM stores calibration coefficients and user-set thresholds across power cycles. At 4 MHz internal oscillator the part wakes, samples, transmits, and returns to sleep within 1 ms - ideal for solar-powered field instrumentation.
تجویز کردہ
Consumer Remote Control / IR Transceiver
The PIC16F648A-E/ML is commonly used in universal remote controls and IR/RF bridges, where the 4 MHz internal oscillator feeds a PWM-driven IR LED at 38 kHz carrier and the USART serves the optional RF sub-module. The 7 KB flash absorbs RC5/RC6/ NEC/Sony protocol tables plus learning-mode EEPROM storage for button remapping, and the 16-I/O count supports a 4x4 keypad matrix plus LCD bias drive. nanoWalt sleep preserves coin-cell life across months of standby.
تجویز کردہ
تجویز کردہ پروڈکٹس کا خلاصہ
کے لیے انجینئرنگ ریفرنس ڈیٹا PIC16F648A-E/ML — موازنہ، ڈیزائن رہنمائی، اور تعمیل کی معلومات۔
انتخاب کی گائیڈ
متبادلات کے ساتھ موازنہ
| پیرامیٹر | یہ پروڈکٹ | PIC16F648A-I/ML | PIC16F628A-E/ML | PIC16F648A-E/SO | PIC16F627A-E/ML |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Brand | Microchip Technology | Microchip Technology | Microchip Technology | Microchip Technology | Microchip Technology |
| Package | 28-QFN (6x6) - ML | 28-QFN (6x6) - ML - same | 28-QFN (6x6) - ML - same | 28-SOIC - same silicon, different footprint | 28-QFN (6x6) - ML - same |
| Program Flash | 7 KB (4K x 14) | 7 KB (same) | 4 KB (-43%) | 7 KB (same) | 1.75 KB (-75%) |
| Data EEPROM | 256 B | 256 B (same) | 128 B (-50%) | 256 B (same) | 128 B (-50%) |
| Data SRAM | 256 B | 256 B (same) | 224 B (-12%) | 256 B (same) | 176 B (-31%) |
| CPU Max Clock | 20 MHz / 5 MIPS | 20 MHz (same) | 20 MHz (same) | 20 MHz (same) | 20 MHz (same) |
| Temperature Grade | E (Extended) -40C to +125C | I (Industrial) -40C to +85C | E (Extended) -40C to +125C (same) | E (Extended) -40C to +125C (same) | E (Extended) -40C to +125C (same) |
| Internal Oscillator | 4 MHz | 4 MHz (same) | 4 MHz (same) | 4 MHz (same) | 4 MHz (same) |
| USART / CCP / Comparators | EUSART + 1x CCP(10b) + 2 comparators | Identical (same silicon) | Identical peripherals | Identical peripherals | Identical peripherals |
| Approx. Unit Price (qty 1) | $4.50 USD | $4.50 USD (same) | $3.95 USD (lower) | $4.40 USD (similar) | $3.75 USD (lower) |
اہم امتیازی خصوصیات
- Largest flash and EEPROM in the PIC16F62x 28-QFN family (بمقابلہPIC16F628A-E/ML)
- Extended -40C to +125C temperature range vs industrial -40C to +85C (بمقابلہPIC16F648A-I/ML)
- True 28-QFN (6x6 mm) surface-mount package for compact designs (بمقابلہPIC16F648A-E/SO)
- Two integrated analog comparators + programmable voltage reference (بمقابلہPIC16F627A-E/ML)
ڈیزائن نوٹس
Decouple VDD with a 100 nF X7R ceramic within 5 mm of the VDD pins (28-QFN has two VDD pins 10 and 20). Add a bulk 10 uF X5R near the regulator output; the analog comparators are sensitive to VDD ripple under 100 kHz and digital switching on neighboring PORTB pins can couple noise into a slow comparator. For battery-powered designs operating below 4 MHz CPU clock, VDD can drop to 2.0 V; below 2.0 V the brown-out reset (BOR) will assert and the part will hold in reset. Always enable BOR for safety-relevant firmware - the factory default for the 'E' part ships with BOR enabled per the Microchip configuration-word table.
Estimated: At 20 MHz CPU and full 16-I/O load (each pin sourcing 25 mA simultaneously = 400 mA total), the QFN thermal pad must be soldered to a VSS pour with at least 4 thermal vias to the opposite-side ground plane to keep junction temperature below 125 C. The 28-QFN package's exposed thermal pad is electrically VSS but thermally it is the primary heat path - dry-junction operation (pad not soldered) increases theta_JA by approximately 60 C/W and can trigger thermal shutdown at full I/O load. In practice, single-port loads below 50 mA are safe without the pad tied, but high-current relay or LED driver designs should always use the full thermal pad.
Keep traces to the 4 MHz crystal/oscillator pins (RA6/OSC2 and RA7/OSC1) below 5 mm and shield them with a VSS guard trace if the design runs in an EMI-noisy environment. The ICSP clock and data lines (RB6/RB7) should also be kept short and not routed near analog comparator inputs (RA0-RA3), which are sensitive to digital switching transients on the same die. For 28-QFN land-pattern, follow IPC-7351 nominal-density guidelines with 0.5 mm pitch; finer-pitch variants of this QFN are not available for the PIC16F648A-E/ML - keep the standard 0.5 mm land pattern.
Do not leave the MCLR/RA5 pin floating - even though the PIC16F648A has an internal weak pull-up, EMI on a long MCLR trace can cause spurious resets in industrial environments; always add an external 10 kohm pull-up and 100 pF decoupling. When programming via ICSP, ensure the PGM/RB4 pin is not pulled low at ICSP entry or LVP mode will fail; many designers put a series resistor on RB4 for in-circuit isolation, but values above 4.7 kohm can interfere with programming. The PIC16F648A's internal 4 MHz oscillator is factory-calibrated to +/-1% but drifts with VDD and temperature - for UART applications requiring better than 2% baud accuracy at 3.3 V, switch to an external crystal under firmware control (OSCCON register).
Route the analog comparator inputs (RA0-RA3) as short, parallel traces with a VSS guard ring to minimize common-mode noise pickup; if the comparator feeds an interrupt-driven threshold (e.g., battery low), hysteresis via CVREF + C1IN+ mode reduces false triggers. Place the VREF decoupling cap (CVREF pin) as close to the pin as possible (within 3 mm) - the programmable voltage reference output is high-impedance and will oscillate above 1 MHz if decoupled incorrectly. For QFN layout, follow Microchip AN1254 'QFN PCB Land Pattern and Thermal Management' guidelines, including 0.4 mm via diameter and 0.2 mm via-to-pad clearance to prevent solder wicking during reflow.
تعمیل کی معلومات
RoHS and lead-free per Microchip product page; the 'ML' package suffix confirms lead-free, RoHS-compliant QFN finish. Not AEC-Q100 qualified - for automotive OEM safety-critical applications use PIC16F1xxx or PIC18F K-series parts with explicit AEC-Q100 documentation. Halogen-free per Microchip 2014 transition announcement covering all 'ML' (QFN) and 'SO' (SOIC) packages.
