PIC16F72-E/ML - 8-bit 20MHz 3.5KB Flash MCU 28-QFN | Microchip
N.º da peça: PIC16F72-E/ML ✓ Ativo| Qtd. | Preço unitário | Total |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | $3.58 | $3,58 |
| 10 | $3.22 | $32,20 |
| 100 | $2.87 | $287,00 |
| 500 | $2.55 | $1.275,00 |
| 1.000 | $2.27 | $2.270,00 |
PIC16F72-E/ML Visão geral
A microcontroller (MCU) is a single-chip computer that integrates a CPU core, program memory, working RAM, and a configurable set of peripherals such as timers, communication interfaces, and analog converters. Within the broader taxonomy, the PIC16F72 belongs to the 8-bit MCU -> flash MCU -> mid-range PIC16 -> peripheral-rich PIC16F72 sub-family hierarchy. PIC microcontrollers use a Harvard architecture with separate program and data buses and a RISC instruction set, and the PIC16F72 line is widely deployed where deterministic interrupt response and low cost matter more than raw clock speed.
Key features include 5 channels of 8-bit Analog-to-Digital conversion (ADC), two 8-bit timers plus one 16-bit timer, a Capture/Compare/PWM (CCP) module, and a synchronous serial port (SSP) configurable as 3-wire SPI or 2-wire I2C. The 22 I/O pins are 5 V tolerant on most ports, supporting direct interfacing to legacy 5 V logic, sensors, and power switches. The device offers in-circuit serial programming (ICSP) via two pins, allowing firmware updates after PCB assembly.
Architecturally, the PIC16F72 uses a 14-bit instruction word with a two-stage pipeline, enabling most instructions to execute in one instruction cycle (200 ns at 20 MHz). The 8-level deep hardware stack and interrupt-on-change (IOC) feature support real-time event handling. Power management features include the nanoWatt-style sleep mode with multiple wake-up sources, suitable for battery-powered applications.
Typical applications include motor control (small DC and stepper drivers), HVAC fan and damper control, appliance user-interface boards, sensor signal conditioning, LED lighting controllers, and low-end consumer white goods. The combination of ADC, PWM, and I2C/SPI peripherals makes it a versatile system-on-chip for sub-2 MIPS embedded tasks.
When designing with this part, pay attention to the 28-QFN exposed pad: it must be soldered to a sufficient copper area for thermal and electrical ground return. Use MPLAB X IDE with the XC8 compiler for firmware development, and route the MCLR pin through a proper reset network per datasheet section on hardware design.
This page synthesizes distributor pricing, parametric data, drop-in alternatives, and design notes that complement, but do not replace, the Microchip PIC16F72 datasheet.
Alternativas drop-in para PIC16F72-E/ML — mesmo encapsulamento, compatível pino a pino. Peças de encapsulamento diferente que exigem retrabalho na PCB são excluídas.
Variantes desta série
Modelos da mesma série compatíveis como drop-in com PIC16F72-E/ML (mesmo formato e footprint) — diferindo em ADC, Package, Timers, I/O Pins, Operating Temperature.
Ferramenta de comparação rápida — selecione peças alternativas para comparação lado a lado:
PIC16F722-E/ML
✅ Drop-In✓ Em estoque
$1.62 / unidade
Ver ficha técnica →PIC16F722A-E/ML
✅ Drop-In✓ Em estoque
$1.7 / unidade
Ver ficha técnica →PIC16F723A-E/ML
✅ Drop-In✓ Em estoque
$1.3 / unidade
Ver ficha técnica →PIC16F726-E/ML
✅ Drop-In✓ Em estoque
$2.1 / unidade
Ver ficha técnica →PIC16F727-E/ML
✅ Drop-In✓ Em estoque
$1.62 / unidade
Ver ficha técnica →PIC16F72-E/ML Classificações máximas e características elétricas
| Core Architecture | 8-bit PIC RISC (Harvard) |
| Instruction Word | 14-bit |
| Program Memory (Flash) | 3.5 KB (2K x 14 words) |
| RAM | 128 bytes |
| CPU Clock Speed | 20 MHz (max) |
| Instruction Cycle | 200 ns at 20 MHz (1 MIPS/MHz) |
| Supply Voltage (VDD) | 2.5 V to 5.5 V |
| I/O Pins | 22 |
| ADC | 5 channels, 8-bit |
| Timers | 2 x 8-bit + 1 x 16-bit (TMR0/TMR1/TMR2) |
| CCP Module | 1 (Capture/Compare/PWM) |
| Serial Communication | SSP (SPI master/slave + I2C master/slave) |
| Temperatura de operação | -40 °C to +125 °C (Extended, -E suffix) |
| Encapsulamento | 28-pin QFN (6x6 mm) with exposed pad |
| Tipo de montagem | Surface Mount |
| Nível MSL | 1 (per JEDEC J-STD-020) |
| Programming Interface | ICSP (In-Circuit Serial Programming) |
| Status RoHS | Compliant (LEAD FREE per datasheet) |
Configuração de pinos do PIC16F72-E/ML
| Pino 1 | MCLR/VPP/RE3 — Master Clear (active low) / programming voltage / digital input only on PORTE bit 3 |
| Pino 2 | RA0/AN0 — PORTA bit 0 / analog input 0 |
| Pino 3 | RA1/AN1 — PORTA bit 1 / analog input 1 |
| Pino 4 | RA2/AN2/VREF- — PORTA bit 2 / analog input 2 / ADC negative reference |
| Pino 5 | RA3/AN3/VREF+ — PORTA bit 3 / analog input 3 / ADC positive reference |
| Pino 6 | RA4/T0CKI — PORTA bit 4 / Timer0 external clock input |
| Pino 7 | RA5/AN4/SS — PORTA bit 5 / analog input 4 / SPI slave select |
| Pino 8 | VSS — Ground reference |
| Pino 9 | OSC1/CLKI — Crystal oscillator input / external clock input |
| Pino 10 | OSC2/CLKO — Crystal oscillator output / clock output |
| Pino 11 | RC0/T1OSO/T1CKI — PORTC bit 0 / Timer1 oscillator output / Timer1 clock input |
| Pino 12 | RC1/T1OSI/CCP2 — PORTC bit 1 / Timer1 oscillator input / CCP2 output |
| Pino 13 | RC2/CCP1 — PORTC bit 2 / Capture-Compare-PWM 1 output |
| Pino 14 | RC3/SCK/SCL — PORTC bit 3 / SPI clock / I2C clock |
| Pino 15 | RC4/SDI/SDA — PORTC bit 4 / SPI data in / I2C data |
| Pino 16 | RC5/SDO — PORTC bit 5 / SPI data out |
| Pino 17 | RC6 — PORTC bit 6 / general purpose I/O |
| Pino 18 | RC7 — PORTC bit 7 / general purpose I/O |
| Pino 19 | VSS — Ground reference |
| Pino 20 | VDD — Positive supply voltage (2.5 V to 5.5 V) |
| Pino 21 | RB0/INT — PORTB bit 0 / external interrupt input |
| Pino 22 | RB1 — PORTB bit 1 / general purpose I/O |
| Pino 23 | RB2 — PORTB bit 2 / general purpose I/O |
| Pino 24 | RB3/PGM — PORTB bit 3 / ICSP low-voltage programming entry |
| Pino 25 | RB4 — PORTB bit 4 / interrupt-on-change |
| Pino 26 | RB5 — PORTB bit 5 / interrupt-on-change |
| Pino 27 | RB6/PGC — PORTB bit 6 / ICSP clock (debug) |
| Pino 28 | RB7/PGD — PORTB bit 7 / ICSP data (debug) |
Aplicações típicas
PIC16F72-E/ML é adequado para 6 aplicaçãos: Small DC Motor Speed Control, Appliance Control Board (Washing Machine, Dishwasher, Microwave), HVAC Fan and Damper Control, LED Lighting Controllers, Sensor Signal Conditioning and Bridge Readout, Battery-Operated Remote Sensor / IoT Edge Node.
Small DC Motor Speed Control
The PIC16F72-E/ML fits small brushed DC motor speed control because its single CCP module generates a 20 kHz PWM signal with 10-bit resolution at the 20 MHz system clock - sufficient for smooth, inaudible motor commutation in fans, pumps, and small appliance drives. The 5-channel 8-bit ADC reads a potentiometer or tachometer feedback signal directly, while the 16-bit TMR1 provides precise timing for speed-loop sampling. With 3.5 KB of Flash, the firmware has headroom for soft-start ramps and current-limit look-up tables. Place the PIC16F72-E/ML between the 5 V logic rail and an external H-bridge driver such as the DRV8871 or L293D; unlike a fully integrated motor MCU, it adds zero switching noise to the analog feedback path and lets the engineer choose the gate driver.
Recomendado
Appliance Control Board (Washing Machine, Dishwasher, Microwave)
The PIC16F72-E/ML is well suited to mid-tier appliance user-interface and motor-control boards because it combines 22 robust 5 V-tolerant I/O pins, 5 ADC channels for key-panel sensing, and an SSP configurable as either I2C (for control-panel expansion) or SPI (for LED-driver communication). The 2.5 V to 5.5 V supply range accommodates directly rectified 5 V rails common in white goods, while the -40 °C to +125 °C extended temperature grade handles under-cabinet or motor-compartment environments. The 3.5 KB Flash holds the entire appliance state machine including fault-recovery routines. Versus an MCU with built-in USB, the PIC16F72 omits USB to keep cost and EMI low - appliances don't need it but do need deterministic interrupt response.
Recomendado
HVAC Fan and Damper Control
In HVAC fan-speed and damper-actuator controllers, the PIC16F72-E/ML drives triac-phase-controlled outputs via zero-cross interrupts on TMR0 or TMR1, while the 8-bit ADC reads temperature and pressure sensor inputs. The CCP module provides the PWM output for variable-speed EC motors or DC fans with closed-loop RPM control using a tachometer input. The 22 I/O lines support multiple fan speeds, mode selectors, and status LEDs without external logic. With 128 bytes of RAM, look-up tables for non-linear fan curves fit comfortably, and the 14-bit instruction set keeps the control-loop jitter below 200 ns - critical for synchronized multi-fan arrays.
Recomendado
LED Lighting Controllers
The PIC16F72-E/ML drives constant-current LED strings in architectural and signage applications using the CCP PWM output to modulate an external buck or boost driver such as the LM3409. The 5-channel ADC monitors ambient light sensors and dimmer interfaces (0-10 V or potentiometer), while the SSP operates as I2C to daisy-chain DMX512-compatible controllers or read address switches. The 20 MHz instruction rate delivers 8-bit PWM resolution at 78 kHz, well above the audible band and high enough to avoid visible flicker in video recording. With 3.5 KB of Flash, the firmware supports up to 16 preset scenes without external memory.
Recomendado
Sensor Signal Conditioning and Bridge Readout
The PIC16F72-E/ML is a viable low-cost choice for sensor-signal-conditioning boards reading strain-gauge bridges, thermocouples, or thermistors. The 8-bit ADC combined with oversampling in firmware achieves effective resolution of 10-12 bits at lower sample rates - ideal for slow-changing physical measurements. The on-chip SSP serves as SPI master to an external 24-bit sigma-delta ADC (e.g., MCP3551) when higher precision is needed, while the CCP module drives a 4-20 mA current loop for industrial transmission. The 22 I/O lines support multiple sensor channels, status LEDs, and an isolated UART link to a host controller.
Recomendado
Battery-Operated Remote Sensor / IoT Edge Node
For battery-operated IoT edge nodes (soil moisture, weather, asset tracking), the PIC16F72-E/ML's Sleep mode combined with interrupt-on-change wake-up delivers quiescent current in the microamp range, enabling multi-year battery life on a single 3 V coin cell. The 5 ADC channels read battery voltage plus four analog sensors, while the SSP drives an SPI accelerometer or a low-power sub-GHz transceiver such as the MRF89XA. The 3.5 KB Flash holds the complete sensor-fusion firmware including calibration tables, and the 22 I/O lines support user pushbuttons, status LEDs, and an external EEPROM. Versus newer PIC16F1xxx families, the PIC16F72 lacks XLP but offers proven reliability in long-life deployments.
Recomendado
Resumo dos produtos recomendados
Dados de referência de engenharia para PIC16F72-E/ML — comparação, orientação de projeto e informações de conformidade.
Guia de seleção
Comparação com alternativas
| Parâmetro | Este produto | PIC16F722-E/ML | PIC16F722A-E/ML | PIC16F723A-E/ML | PIC16F726-E/ML | PIC16F727-E/ML |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Brand | Microchip Technology | Microchip Technology | Microchip Technology | Microchip Technology | Microchip Technology | Microchip Technology |
| Package | 28-QFN (6x6 mm) | 28-QFN (6x6 mm) - same | 28-QFN (6x6 mm) - same | 28-QFN (6x6 mm) - same | 28-QFN (6x6 mm) - same | 28-QFN (6x6 mm) - same |
| Core | 8-bit PIC16 RISC | 8-bit PIC16 RISC | 8-bit PIC16 RISC | 8-bit PIC16 RISC | 8-bit PIC16 RISC | 8-bit PIC16 RISC |
| Program Flash | 3.5 KB | 3.5 KB | 3.5 KB | 7 KB | 14 KB | 14 KB |
| RAM | 128 bytes | 128 bytes | 128 bytes | 192 bytes | 368 bytes | 368 bytes |
| ADC Channels | 5 x 8-bit | 11 x 8-bit | 11 x 8-bit | 11 x 8-bit | 11 x 8-bit | 11 x 8-bit |
| CCP Modules | 1 | 1 | 1 | 2 | 2 | 2 |
| Serial | SSP (SPI/I2C) | SSP + enhanced USART | SSP + enhanced USART | SSP + enhanced USART | SSP + enhanced USART + USB | SSP + enhanced USART + USB 2.0 FS |
| Max Frequency | 20 MHz | 20 MHz | 20 MHz | 20 MHz | 20 MHz | 20 MHz |
Principais diferenciais
- Lowest cost 28-QFN 8-bit PIC with 5 ADC + 1 CCP + SSP (vs PIC16F722-E/ML)
- Lower Flash footprint for cost-sensitive simple applications (vs PIC16F723A-E/ML)
- Mature, long-lifecycle part with broad distributor inventory (vs PIC16F88-I/P (DIP-28 alternative))
Notas de projeto
The 28-QFN (6x6 mm) package of the PIC16F72-E/ML dissipates heat primarily through the bottom exposed pad, which is also the electrical ground. Per the PIC16F72 datasheet (DS39597C), thermal resistance theta_JA is approximately 39 °C/W on a standard JEDEC 4-layer test board. At typical embedded loads (10-30 mA active, 1-2 MIPS average), self-heating is well below 1 °C and no heatsink is required - but the exposed pad MUST be soldered to a copper pour connected to the board ground plane, ideally with multiple thermal vias to the inner layers. A missing or poorly soldered thermal pad can raise junction temperature by 15-20 °C and is the leading cause of field failures.
Route the ICSP pins (RB6/PGC, RB7/PGD, MCLR/VPP) directly to a 6-pin header with no series resistors, and place the header at the edge of the PCB for in-circuit programming access. Place the 100 nF VDD decoupling capacitor within 5 mm of pin 20 and a bulk 10 µF tantalum or ceramic within 20 mm. Keep the OSC1/OSC2 traces short (under 10 mm) and symmetric, and route the analog inputs (RA0-RA5) away from digital switching lines to preserve 8-bit ADC accuracy. Use a ground plane on the top layer under the MCU, stitched with vias at the exposed pad, to provide a low-impedance return for the ADC and timer inputs.
Three pitfalls repeatedly cause first-spin prototype failures with the PIC16F72-E/ML: (1) Forgetting to configure the FOSC configuration bits - leaving them at the default (RC oscillator) when using a crystal causes the part to fail to start; (2) Driving MCLR with a slow-rising RC reset - the Brown-Out Reset (BOR) feature must be enabled in the configuration word if VDD rise time exceeds 100 ms; (3) Treating the ICSP pins RB6/RB7 as normal I/O without disabling the LVP (Low-Voltage Programming) fuse - a noise spike on PGD can inadvertently enter programming mode. Always verify configuration bit settings in MPLAB X Memory Views before debugging firmware.
Informações de conformidade
RoHS LEAD FREE per datasheet marking. MSL-1 per JEDEC J-STD-020. AEC-Q100 not qualified - choose PIC16F7xx Q1 variants for automotive. Manufactured in IATF 16949 / ISO 9001 certified facilities.
