LM324DG4 - Quad 1.2MHz Op Amp | Texas Instruments
MPN: LM324DG4 ✓ Hoạt độngLM324DG4 Tóm tắt
An operational amplifier is an active semiconductor device that amplifies the voltage difference between its differential inputs while using negative feedback to define closed-loop gain and bandwidth. The LM324 belongs to the operational-amplifier hierarchy, where it is also classified as a quad general-purpose amplifier, analog amplifier IC, and signal-conditioning semiconductor. This category makes the LM324 suitable for buffer, amplifier, comparator, differential, and current-to-voltage conversion circuits.
The LM324DG4 combines four amplifiers in one 14-SOIC package, reducing component count and board area compared with four single-amplifier packages. Its 1.2 MHz gain-bandwidth product supports general-purpose signal amplification rather than high-speed precision work. The common-mode input range includes ground, which allows single-supply sensing of signals near the lower supply rail. A typical low supply-current drain of 0.8 mA per amplifier also supports power-conscious designs.
The LM324 architecture is suited to low- and moderate-frequency closed-loop applications where economy, ease of use, and supply flexibility matter. Because the device includes internal bias compensation, external nulling components are not required for normal operation. The common-mode range includes ground but does not extend to the positive supply rail, so input and output headroom must be checked when signals approach either rail.
Typical applications include sensor-signal conditioning, transducer amplification, current-to-voltage conversion, audio preamplification, low-frequency active filters, and general industrial control interfaces. In each case, the amplifier operates inside a negative-feedback network, and the closed-loop bandwidth and output swing must satisfy the signal amplitude and accuracy requirements.
A key design consideration is rail-to-rail compatibility. The LM324 can operate from one supply or two supplies, but its output cannot swing fully to the positive rail and input signals must remain inside its common-mode range. Decoupling near the supply pins, stable feedback-component selection, and output-loading checks remain necessary even though the circuit is commonly used with basic resistor networks.
This page combines the verified LM324DG4 device identity, package information, functional characteristics, source links, and engineering guidance with application-oriented selection criteria. It also distinguishes electrically meaningful alternatives from simple reel or tape packaging codes and highlights where compatibility checks are required before substitution.
Bộ thay thế dễ dàng lắp đặt cho LM324DG4 — cùng gói, chân-to-chân tương thích. Các bộ phận yêu cầu hàn PCB bị loại trừ.
Các biến thể trong loạt này
Các mẫu cùng loạt có thể lắp đặt dễ dàng tương thích với LM324DG4 (cùng hình factor và footprint) — khác nhau ở Amplifier Type, Package, Gain Bandwidth Product, Input Offset Voltage, Number of Amplifiers.
LM324DR
✅ Drop-InLiên hệ để biết giá
Xem tài liệu →LM324ADR2G
✅ Drop-InLiên hệ để biết giá
Xem tài liệu →LM324M
✅ Drop-InLiên hệ để biết giá
Xem tài liệu →LM324BAIDR
✅ Drop-InLiên hệ để biết giá
Xem tài liệu →LM324BAIDR
✅ Drop-InLiên hệ để biết giá
Xem tài liệu →LM324DG4 Tỷ lệ tối đa & tính chất điện
| Amplifier Type | General-purpose operational amplifier |
| Number of Amplifier Circuits | 4 circuits |
| Unity-Gain Bandwidth | 1.2 MHz |
| Hộp | 14-SOIC |
| Package Width | 3.90 mm |
| Khoảng nhiệt độ hoạt động | 0 °C to 70 °C |
| Typical Supply Current Drain | 0.8 mA per amplifier |
| Common-Mode Input Range | Includes ground |
| Kiểu lắp đặt | Surface mount |
| Trạng thái RoHS | unknown |
| REACH Status | unknown |
| AEC-Q100 Qualification | not_applicable |
Cấu hình chân LM324DG4
| Chân 1 | OUT1 — Amplifier 1 output |
| Chân 2 | IN1- — Amplifier 1 inverting input |
| Chân 3 | IN1+ — Amplifier 1 non-inverting input |
| Chân 4 | V+ — Positive supply voltage |
| Chân 5 | IN2+ — Amplifier 2 non-inverting input |
| Chân 6 | IN2- — Amplifier 2 inverting input |
| Chân 7 | OUT2 — Amplifier 2 output |
| Chân 8 | OUT3 — Amplifier 3 output |
| Chân 9 | IN3- — Amplifier 3 inverting input |
| Chân 10 | IN3+ — Amplifier 3 non-inverting input |
| Chân 11 | V- — Negative supply voltage |
| Chân 12 | IN4+ — Amplifier 4 non-inverting input |
| Chân 13 | IN4- — Amplifier 4 inverting input |
| Chân 14 | OUT4 — Amplifier 4 output |
Ứng dụng tiêu biểu
LM324DG4 phù hợp cho 6 Áp dụngs: Industrial Sensor Signal Conditioning, Transducer and Bridge Measurement, Audio Preamplifier and Mixer, Current-to-Voltage Conversion, Active Filtering and Control Loops, Data Acquisition Front End.
Industrial Sensor Signal Conditioning
The LM324DG4 is well suited to conditioning resistive, capacitive, and low-level voltage sensors in industrial control systems. Its four independent amplifier sections allow a single 14-SOIC package to implement buffering, gain stages, and active filtering, while the 1.2 MHz unity-gain bandwidth supports signals well beyond ordinary slow process-control loops. The common-mode input range includes ground, which is useful when the sensor output is referenced to the lower supply rail. Designers should verify the sensor excitation range against the input common-mode limits and keep feedback resistors practical for the device's input-bias-current and noise characteristics.
Được đề xuất
Transducer and Bridge Measurement
The LM324DG4 can amplify low-level bridge or transducer signals without requiring a separate amplifier for every channel. Its four-channel arrangement provides enough amplification, impedance conversion, and active filtering for a multi-sensor acquisition front end, with the 1.2 MHz bandwidth allowing moderate-bandwidth filtering after amplification. Because the common-mode range includes ground, the device is practical for sensors whose outputs remain close to 0 V. The bridge excitation, signal polarity, output range, and permissible input offset error should be evaluated together so that the amplifier does not consume the available measurement span.
Được đề xuất
Audio Preamplifier and Mixer
The LM324DG4 can implement the gain and mixing stages of a general-purpose audio preamplifier when the signal bandwidth and noise requirements remain modest. Its 1.2 MHz unity-gain bandwidth is substantially above the audio band, while four amplifiers provide useful flexibility for input stages, summing paths, and active filters in one package. The common-mode input range including ground simplifies single-supply biasing of source-coupled signals. Input bias-current return paths, resistor thermal noise, output-loading capability, and rail-to-rail headroom must be checked for quiet, low-impedance source implementations.
Được đề xuất
Current-to-Voltage Conversion
The LM324DG4 is appropriate for converting a small sensor current into a measurable voltage when the required bandwidth is no greater than its 1.2 MHz unity-gain capability. Four channels allow multiple current outputs to be monitored without requiring four separate packages, and the common-mode range that includes ground is helpful for unipolar current sensing. The transimpedance network should use a feedback resistor and compensation capacitor selected to stabilize the intended closed-loop bandwidth. Additional design checks include input-bias-current offset, input and feedback-capacitor parasitics, output swing, and the sensor's allowable compliance voltage.
Được đề xuất
Active Filtering and Control Loops
The LM324DG4 can form the active-filter and controller blocks of low-frequency industrial equipment because four amplifiers share one package without requiring individual biasing. Its 1.2 MHz unity-gain bandwidth supports closed-loop gains and filter poles well above typical process-control bandwidths, while the common-mode range including ground simplifies zero-centered or single-supply filter designs. Stable feedback-component ratios, practical resistor values, and output-load limits remain important. For higher-Q filters, faster settling requirements, or tighter DC accuracy, the complete data-sheet limits should be compared with the control-system error budget.
Được đề xuất
Data Acquisition Front End
The LM324DG4 provides four buffered channels for analog inputs in a compact data-acquisition front end. It can drive moderate input impedances into external analog-to-digital converters, combine with local RC filtering to control aliasing, and perform gain or offset conditioning close to the sensor connector. The 1.2 MHz bandwidth permits useful anti-alias filter bandwidth, but the selected ADC's acquisition time and settling behavior determine the actual usable channel rate. Layout should keep the amplifier feedback loops compact, preserve a quiet ground reference, and place bypass capacitance near the supply pins to reduce coupling between adjacent channels.
Được đề xuất
Tóm tắt các sản phẩm được đề xuất
Dữ liệu tham khảo kỹ thuật cho LM324DG4 — so sánh, hướng dẫn thiết kế và thông tin tuân thủ.
Hướng dẫn chọn lựa
So sánh với các sản phẩm thay thế
| Tham số | Sản phẩm này | LM324DR | LM324ADR | LM324M | LM324B | LM324BA |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Brand | Texas Instruments | Texas Instruments | Texas Instruments | Texas Instruments | Texas Instruments | Texas Instruments |
| Package | 14-SOIC | 14-SOIC - same | 14-SOIC - same | 14-SOIC - same | 14-SOIC - same | 14-SOIC - same |
| Amplifier Circuits | 4 circuits | 4 circuits | 4 circuits | 4 circuits | 4 circuits | 4 circuits |
| Unity-Gain Bandwidth | 1.2 MHz | 1.2 MHz | 1.2 MHz | 1.2 MHz | 1.2 MHz | 1.2 MHz |
| Common-Mode Input Range | Includes ground | Includes ground | Includes ground | Includes ground | Includes ground | Includes ground |
Bảo phân biệt quan trọng
- Four general-purpose amplifiers integrated into one 14-SOIC package (vsLM324DR)
- B-version alternatives provide a documented 36 V upper supply limit (vsLM324B)
- BA alternative offers tighter offset-voltage grading (vsLM324BA)
Ghi chú thiết kế
Treat the LM324 as a non-rail-to-rail amplifier even though it can operate from a single supply. Confirm that every input remains inside the common-mode range and that the required output stays within the load-dependent output swing. Ground-referenced sensor signals are generally straightforward because the common-mode range includes ground, but signals that approach the positive supply require attenuation, biasing, or a rail-to-rail amplifier instead.
Place the supply bypass capacitor close to pins 4 and 11, with a short return path to the ground reference. Keep each inverting-input feedback loop compact because parasitic capacitance in a high-gain feedback node can reduce phase margin. Avoid routing sensitive input and output nets beneath digital switching paths, and provide a quiet ground-current strategy so that output currents from one amplifier do not modulate the reference shared by the remaining channels.
Estimated: with a 12 V supply, a 5 V output, and a 1 mA load, the LM324 dissipates approximately 7 mW using the calculation (12 V - 5 V) × 0.001 A. Actual dissipation includes all four channels, load current, bias current, and supply variation. Although the total is modest, verify the maximum load and ambient temperature because output current, input-bias paths, and adjacent-channel loading can increase the thermal design envelope.
Use feedback resistors large enough for acceptable bias-current offset but small enough to avoid excessive Johnson noise and parasitic capacitance. When driving an ADC or sampling network, calculate the settling time from the closed-loop bandwidth and allow additional acquisition margin. For filtering after a multiplexer, include the amplifier's gain-bandwidth product, load capacitance, and channel-switching transients in the settling budget.
Thông tin tuân thủ
The manufacturer product family is active, but no explicit RoHS, REACH, lead-free, halogen-free, or conflict-minerals declaration was identified in the cited device listings. Compliance should be confirmed for the exact orderable suffix and current manufacturer documentation.