PIC16F877T-20I/L - 8-Bit 20MHz 14KB Flash MCU | Microchip
MPN: PIC16F877T-20I/L ✓ Hoạt độngPIC16F877T-20I/L Tóm tắt
What is a PIC16F microcontroller? The PIC16F family is a category of 8-bit Harvard-architecture RISC microcontrollers from Microchip Technology, belonging to the broader class of microcontrollers (MCU) within embedded systems semiconductors. These devices integrate CPU core, Flash program memory, RAM, EEPROM, and peripherals (ADC, USART, I2C/SPI, timers, PWM, capture/compare) on a single die, executing one instruction per 200 ns cycle at 20 MHz. They sit in the system hierarchy above discrete logic and below 32-bit Cortex-M MCUs, optimized for cost-sensitive deterministic control.
The PIC16F877T-20I/L delivers 33 digital I/O lines, a 10-bit 8-channel ADC, two 8-bit and one 16-bit timer, MSSP (SPI/I2C), USART, and 256 bytes of EEPROM data memory. The "T" suffix denotes tape-and-reel packaging and the "I" indicates the industrial temperature grade; the "20" specifies the 20 MHz maximum clock.
Architecturally the device uses a 14-bit instruction word, 8-bit data path, separate program and data buses (Harvard), and a hardware stack with 8 levels. The Flash memory supports 100,000 erase/write cycles typical and 40-year data retention per the Microchip datasheet family, while in-circuit serial programming (ICSP) allows field updates via two pins.
Typical applications include industrial process control, HVAC and building automation, automotive body electronics (non-safety), instrumentation front-ends, and legacy embedded product replacements. The wide peripheral set also suits sensor hub nodes, motor control loops, and human-machine interface (HMI) controllers using character LCDs.
A key design consideration is the obsolete status note from Microchip (recommends PIC16F887 for new designs), but the 44-pin PLCC remains drop-in compatible with the successor family for many footprints. Designers should verify the ICD/debug header compatibility and use MPLAB X IDE with a PICkit or ICD programmer during development.
This page synthesizes distributor pricing, drop-in 44-PLCC alternatives, datasheet pinout, and practical design notes that go beyond the manufacturer datasheet alone.
Bộ thay thế dễ dàng lắp đặt cho PIC16F877T-20I/L — cùng gói, chân-to-chân tương thích. Các bộ phận yêu cầu hàn PCB bị loại trừ.
Các biến thể trong loạt này
Các mẫu cùng loạt có thể lắp đặt dễ dàng tương thích với PIC16F877T-20I/L (cùng hình factor và footprint) — khác nhau ở Package, Core Architecture, RoHS Status, Operating Temperature, Timers.
PIC16F877-20I/L
✅ Drop-InLiên hệ để biết giá
Xem tài liệu →PIC16F877-20/L
✅ Drop-InLiên hệ để biết giá
Xem tài liệu →PIC16F877A-I/LG
✅ Drop-InLiên hệ để biết giá
Xem tài liệu →PIC16F877A-E/L
✅ Drop-InLiên hệ để biết giá
Xem tài liệu →PIC16F874T-20I/L
✅ Drop-In📋 Tham chiếu thay thế (không có trong danh mục)
PIC16F871-I/L
✅ Drop-InLiên hệ để biết giá
Xem tài liệu →PIC16F877T-20I/L Tỷ lệ tối đa & tính chất điện
| Core Architecture | PIC 8-bit RISC (Harvard) |
| Program Memory Type | Flash |
| Program Memory Size | 14 KB (8K x 14 words) |
| RAM Size | 368 bytes |
| EEPROM Size | 256 bytes |
| Maximum CPU Frequency | 20 MHz |
| Instruction Cycle Time | 200 ns |
| Operating Voltage Range | 4.0 V to 5.5 V |
| I/O Pins | 33 |
| ADC | 10-bit, 8 channels |
| Timers | 2 x 8-bit, 1 x 16-bit |
| Communication | USART, MSSP (SPI/I2C) |
| PWM Channels | 2 (CCP module) |
| Hộp | 44-pin PLCC (J-lead, 16.59 x 16.59 mm) |
| Nhiệt độ hoạt động | -40C to +85C (Industrial) |
| Kiểu lắp đặt | Surface Mount |
| Trạng thái RoHS | Compliant |
| Programming Interface | ICSP (In-Circuit Serial Programming) |
Cấu hình chân PIC16F877T-20I/L
| Chân 1 | MCLR/VPP — Master Clear (Reset) input or programming voltage |
| Chân 2 | RA0/AN0 — Port A bit 0 / Analog input 0 |
| Chân 3 | RA1/AN1 — Port A bit 1 / Analog input 1 |
| Chân 4 | RA2/AN2 — Port A bit 2 / Analog input 2 |
| Chân 5 | RA3/AN3/VREF+ — Port A bit 3 / Analog input 3 / ADC positive reference |
| Chân 6 | RA4/T0CKI — Port A bit 4 / Timer 0 clock input |
| Chân 7 | RA5/AN4/SS — Port A bit 5 / Analog input 4 / SPI slave select |
| Chân 8 | RE0/RD/AN5 — Port E bit 0 / Read control for parallel slave port / Analog input 5 |
| Chân 9 | RE1/WR/AN6 — Port E bit 1 / Write control / Analog input 6 |
| Chân 10 | RE2/CS/AN7 — Port E bit 2 / Chip select / Analog input 7 |
| Chân 11 | VDD — Positive power supply (4.0V to 5.5V) |
| Chân 12 | VSS — Ground reference |
| Chân 13 | OSC1/CLKIN — Oscillator input / external clock |
| Chân 14 | OSC2/CLKOUT — Oscillator output / clock out |
| Chân 15 | RC0/T1OSO/T1CKI — Port C bit 0 / Timer 1 oscillator output / clock input |
| Chân 16 | RC1/T1OSI/CCP2 — Port C bit 1 / Timer 1 oscillator input / CCP2 PWM |
| Chân 17 | RC2/CCP1 — Port C bit 2 / CCP1 PWM output |
| Chân 18 | RC3/SCK/SCL — Port C bit 3 / SPI clock / I2C clock |
| Chân 19 | RD0/PSP0 — Port D bit 0 / Parallel slave port bit 0 |
| Chân 20 | RD1/PSP1 — Port D bit 1 / Parallel slave port bit 1 |
| Chân 21 | RD2/PSP2 — Port D bit 2 / Parallel slave port bit 2 |
| Chân 22 | RD3/PSP3 — Port D bit 3 / Parallel slave port bit 3 |
| Chân 23 | RC4/SDI/SDA — Port C bit 4 / SPI data in / I2C data |
| Chân 24 | RC5/SDO — Port C bit 5 / SPI data out |
| Chân 25 | RC6/TX/CK — Port C bit 6 / USART TX / clock |
| Chân 26 | RC7/RX/DT — Port C bit 7 / USART RX / data |
| Chân 27 | RD4/PSP4 — Port D bit 4 / Parallel slave port bit 4 |
| Chân 28 | RD5/PSP5 — Port D bit 5 / Parallel slave port bit 5 |
| Chân 29 | RD6/PSP6 — Port D bit 6 / Parallel slave port bit 6 |
| Chân 30 | RD7/PSP7 — Port D bit 7 / Parallel slave port bit 7 |
| Chân 31 | VSS — Ground reference |
| Chân 32 | VDD — Positive power supply (4.0V to 5.5V) |
| Chân 33 | RB0/INT — Port B bit 0 / External interrupt |
| Chân 34 | RB1 — Port B bit 1 |
| Chân 35 | RB2 — Port B bit 2 |
| Chân 36 | RB3/PGM — Port B bit 3 / Low-voltage programming |
| Chân 37 | RB4 — Port B bit 4 |
| Chân 38 | RB5 — Port B bit 5 |
| Chân 39 | RB6/PGC — Port B bit 6 / ICSP clock |
| Chân 40 | RB7/PGD — Port B bit 7 / ICSP data |
| Chân 41 | VSS — Ground reference |
| Chân 42 | VDD — Positive power supply (4.0V to 5.5V) |
| Chân 43 | NC — Not connected (per datasheet) |
| Chân 44 | NC — Not connected (per datasheet) |
Ứng dụng tiêu biểu
PIC16F877T-20I/L phù hợp cho 6 Áp dụngs: Industrial Process Control, Building Automation / HVAC, Instrumentation Front-End, Automotive Body Electronics, Sensor Hub / Data Acquisition Node, Character LCD / HMI Controller.
Industrial Process Control
The PIC16F877T-20I/L is well-suited for industrial process control applications because its 8-channel 10-bit ADC, 33 digital I/O lines, and industrial -40C to +85C temperature range allow direct interfacing with 4-20 mA loops, RTD/thermocouple signal conditioning front-ends, and panel-mount keypads. The 14 KB Flash stores PID control algorithms and Modbus RTU command libraries, while the MSSP peripheral handles I2C sensor arrays and the USART supports RS-485 multi-drop networks. The 200 ns instruction cycle at 20 MHz provides deterministic loop times below 1 ms for closed-loop pressure, flow, and temperature regulation. The 44-pin PLCC package is field-replaceable in legacy PLC modules and supports conformal coating for harsh factory environments.
Được đề xuất
Building Automation / HVAC
In HVAC and building automation, the PIC16F877T-20I/L controls variable-speed fans, damper actuators, and multi-zone thermostats with its 2 PWM channels (CCP module) and 16-bit timer for energy-efficient switching. The USART interfaces to BACnet or Modbus networks, while the I2C bus reads temperature/humidity sensors and real-time clocks. The 368-byte RAM accommodates scheduling tables, and the 256-byte EEPROM stores user-setpoint profiles that survive power cycles. The wide 4.0-5.5 V supply range tolerates rectified 24 VAC transformer outputs common in HVAC controls, and the industrial temperature grade handles attic and rooftop enclosures.
Được đề xuất
Instrumentation Front-End
The PIC16F877T-20I/L serves as the digital controller in bench-top instrumentation such as digital multimeters, oscilloscope front panels, and laboratory data loggers. Its 10-bit ADC digitizes sensor outputs at up to 30 kS/s aggregate, while the SPI bus drives high-resolution LCD displays and external DACs for stimulus generation. The 14 KB Flash stores calibration tables and front-panel menu logic, and the 33 I/O lines scan keypads, rotary encoders, and status LEDs. Hardware USART streams measurement data to PCs at 115200 baud. The deterministic 200 ns instruction cycle enables precise timing for sample-and-hold sequencing.
Được đề xuất
Automotive Body Electronics
The PIC16F877T-20I/L appears in non-safety automotive body modules such as window lift controllers, seat position memory, mirror adjusters, and interior lighting dimmers. The 33 I/O lines drive H-bridge relays and PWMs for motor speed control, while the ADC monitors current sense resistors for stall detection. The USART interfaces to LIN (Local Interconnect Network) slave transceivers, and the MSSP drives I2C-controlled ambient light sensors. The industrial -40C to +85C rating covers cabin environments but is NOT AEC-Q100 qualified - safety-critical ECUs require PIC18 or dsPIC families.
Được đề xuất
Sensor Hub / Data Acquisition Node
The PIC16F877T-20I/L functions as a low-cost sensor hub aggregating readings from multiple I2C and SPI sensors (temperature, humidity, pressure, accelerometers) and forwarding the data over USART or RS-485 to a central controller. The 8-channel ADC reads legacy analog 0-5 V or 4-20 mA transducers, while the MSSP multiplexes up to 8 I2C devices via address steering. The 14 KB Flash supports TinyOS-style or custom sensor-fusion algorithms, and the 256-byte EEPROM stores calibration constants and node ID. Low power consumption (~2 mA active at 5 MHz) makes it suitable for solar-powered remote telemetry units.
Được đề xuất
Character LCD / HMI Controller
The PIC16F877T-20I/L is widely deployed as a human-machine interface controller for character LCD displays (HD44780-compatible 16x2, 20x4, 40x4 panels). The MSSP SPI interface drives the LCD in serial mode with a single 74HC595 shift register, freeing GPIO for keypad scanning. The 14 KB Flash stores multilingual character maps and menu state machines, while 368-byte RAM holds display buffers. USART connectivity enables remote configuration from a host processor. The 44-pin PLCC package is widely supported by legacy HMI development kits.
Được đề xuất
Tóm tắt các sản phẩm được đề xuất
Dữ liệu tham khảo kỹ thuật cho PIC16F877T-20I/L — so sánh, hướng dẫn thiết kế và thông tin tuân thủ.
Hướng dẫn chọn lựa
So sánh với các sản phẩm thay thế
| Tham số | Sản phẩm này | PIC16F877-20I/L | PIC16F877-20/L | PIC16F877A-I/LG | PIC16F877A-E/L | PIC16F874T-20I/L |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Package | 44-pin PLCC (J-lead) | 44-pin PLCC - same | 44-pin PLCC - same | 44-pin PLCC - same | 44-pin PLCC - same | 44-pin PLCC - same |
| Brand | Microchip Technology | Microchip Technology | Microchip Technology | Microchip Technology | Microchip Technology | Microchip Technology |
| Program Memory (Flash) | 14 KB | 14 KB | 14 KB | 14 KB | 14 KB | 7 KB |
| RAM Size | 368 bytes | 368 bytes | 368 bytes | 368 bytes | 368 bytes | 192 bytes |
| EEPROM Size | 256 bytes | 256 bytes | 256 bytes | 256 bytes | 256 bytes | 256 bytes |
| Maximum Frequency | 20 MHz | 20 MHz | 20 MHz | 20 MHz | 20 MHz | 20 MHz |
| I/O Pins | 33 | 33 | 33 | 33 | 33 | 33 |
| Temperature Grade | Industrial (-40C to +85C) | Industrial (-40C to +85C) | Commercial (0C to +70C) | Industrial (-40C to +85C) | Enhanced (-40C to +125C) | Industrial (-40C to +85C) |
Bảo phân biệt quan trọng
- Microchip actively supports this part despite recommending PIC16F887 for new designs (vsPIC16F887-I/L)
- Higher program memory than lower-tier PIC16 siblings (vsPIC16F874T-20I/L)
- Industrial temperature grade across all variants (vsPIC16F877-20/L)
Ghi chú thiết kế
The PIC16F877T-20I/L requires a stable 4.0-5.5 V supply on VDD (pins 11, 32, 42). Per Microchip datasheet guidance, place a 100 nF decoupling capacitor close to each VDD pin and a 10 uF bulk capacitor on the supply rail. The brown-out reset (BOR) is enabled by configuration bits and holds the device in reset until VDD rises above the BOR threshold (~4.0 V typical). For battery applications, the quiescent current in sleep mode is < 1 uA typical but the ADC and USART must be disabled before entering sleep to avoid leakage.
When laying out the 44-pin PLCC footprint, ensure the 16.59 x 16.59 mm PCB land pattern follows JEDEC MS-018 (PLCC44). Per Microchip package drawings, J-leads require 1.27 mm (0.05 inch) pitch with 0.80 mm lead width. Place the ICSP connector (PGC on pin 39, PGD on pin 40, MCLR on pin 1, VSS on pin 12) at the board edge for in-circuit programming access. Keep crystal traces to OSC1/OSC2 (pins 13-14) short and symmetric to avoid clock jitter above 20 MHz.
Estimated configuration-fuse pitfalls: the PIC16F877T-20I/L requires CONFIG1 word bit 4 (FOSC) set correctly for HS (high-speed crystal) mode when using a >4 MHz resonator, otherwise the oscillator fails to start. Per Microchip datasheet, the WDT (watchdog timer) is enabled by default - clear WDTE in CONFIG1 if not used. The LVP (low-voltage programming) bit enables ICSP via pin 33 (RB3/PGM); leave LVP=ON if using PICkit programmers with low-voltage mode. Forgetting to configure ADC port pins as analog inputs (ANSEL/ADCON1 register) causes floating readings on RA0-RA5.
Thông tin tuân thủ
RoHS compliant per Microchip product declaration. Not AEC-Q100 qualified - automotive safety-critical applications require PIC18 or dsPIC families. Microchip quality system is QS-9000 compliant (legacy) and ISO 9001 certified for PIC microcontrollers.
