MC68HC16Z1CAG - 16-bit HC16 MCU 16MHz ROMless 144-LQFP | NXP
N.º de pieza: MC68HC16Z1CAG ✗ Fin de vida| Cant. | Precio unitario | Total |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | $28.5 | $28,50 |
| 10 | $25.2 | $252,00 |
| 100 | $21.8 | $2.180,00 |
| 250 | $19.4 | $4.850,00 |
| 500 | $17.95 | $8.975,00 |
MC68HC16Z1CAG Descripción general
An M68HC16 Z-series microcontroller (HC16 microcontroller = 16-bit modular control unit) is a member of the M68300 family of 16/32-bit embedded processors that integrate a true 16-bit CPU with on-chip peripheral subsystems (such as timers, serial, and analog modules) over an internal bus. In the system hierarchy: HC16 -> 16-bit MCU -> microcontroller -> embedded processor -> semiconductor. These parts target automotive and industrial real-time control applications where deterministic 16-bit instruction execution and rich peripheral integration reduce external component count. Upward source-and-object-code compatibility with M68HC11 enables easy migration from 8-bit to 16-bit designs without re-writing application software.
Key differentiating features of the MC68HC16Z1CAG include the true 16-bit CPU16 core with multiplier/accumulator, 1 KB integrated RAM, ROMless operation for flexible external program memory, an integrated queued serial module (QSM) for SPI/SCI, a 16-bit timer, and a system integration module (SIM) with chip-select logic that simplifies external memory interfacing. The 144-pin LQFP package exposes a 24-bit external address bus and 16-bit external data bus, supporting up to 16 MB of external memory addressing - ample headroom for complex embedded control firmware.
Technically, the CPU16 core combines a 16-bit data path with 20-bit addressing capability and a hardware multiply/accumulate unit. The 16 MHz bus clock sustains deterministic interrupt latency suitable for hard-real-time control loops. On-chip peripheral modules (CTM4 timer, QSM with dual SCI/SPI, SIM with chip selects) reduce external logic and shrink BOM cost. The ROMless variant requires external program memory, allowing in-field firmware updates via flash - critical for long-life industrial equipment where code revisions occur after deployment.
Typical applications include automotive engine control units (ECUs), industrial automation controllers, robotics motor controllers, and process control PLCs. The ROMless configuration is preferred when the application requires frequent firmware updates or large program sizes exceeding internal flash capacity. The 144-LQFP footprint suits through-hole-style PCB assembly with SMT manufacturing.
Design considerations include mandatory external memory interface design (SRAM/flash), proper decoupling of the analog supply, configuration of the SIM chip-selects to avoid bus contention, and firmware vector setup in the first 8 bytes of external memory. ROMless variants incur higher BOM cost than equivalent masked-ROM parts but enable late-stage firmware binding and OTA-style updates.
This page synthesizes distributor pricing, drop-in same-brand and cross-brand M68HC16 alternatives, and practical design notes not found in the original M68HC16 Z-series users manual, including pin-compatible speed-grade and ROM-vs-ROMless variants.
Alternativas directas para MC68HC16Z1CAG — mismo encapsulado, compatible pin a pin. Se excluyen las piezas de otro encapsulado que requieren retrabajo de la PCB.
Variantes de esta serie
Modelos de la misma serie compatibles directamente con MC68HC16Z1CAG (mismo factor de forma y huella) — difiere en Package, Program Memory Type, Core Architecture, Instruction Set Compatibility, Inter-Module Bus (IMB).
Herramienta de comparación rápida — seleccione piezas alternativas para compararlas lado a lado:
MC68HC16Z1CAG16
✅ Sustitución directa📋 Alternativa de referencia (no en el catálogo)
MC68HC16Z1CAG25
✅ Sustitución directa✓ En stock
$25.5 / unidad
Ver hoja de datos →MC68HC16Z2CAG
✅ Sustitución directa📋 Alternativa de referencia (no en el catálogo)
MC68HC16Z3CAG
✅ Sustitución directa📋 Alternativa de referencia (no en el catálogo)
MC68HC16Z4CAG
✅ Sustitución directa📋 Alternativa de referencia (no en el catálogo)
MC68CM16Z1CAG16
✅ Sustitución directa📋 Alternativa de referencia (no en el catálogo)
MC68CK16Z1CAG16
✅ Sustitución directa✓ En stock
$12.6 / unidad
Ver hoja de datos →MC68HC16Z1CAG Valores máximos y características eléctricas
| Core Architecture | CPU16 (HC16) |
| Bus Clock Frequency | 16 MHz |
| Ancho del bus de datos | 16-bit |
| Address Bus Width | 24-bit |
| Program Memory Type | ROMless |
| On-chip RAM | 1 KB |
| Code Compatibility | Upward with M68HC11 |
| Inter-Module Bus (IMB) | Yes (standard M68300 family bus) |
| Queued Serial Module (QSM) | 1 (SPI + SCI) |
| 16-bit Timer | Yes (CTM4-class) |
| System Integration Module (SIM) | Yes, with chip-selects |
| External Memory Address Space | 16 MB |
| Encapsulado | 144-pin LQFP (20x20 mm) |
| Tipo de montaje | Surface Mount |
| Temperatura de funcionamiento | -40C to +85C (industrial) |
| Tensión de alimentación | 5 V nominal |
| Family | M68HC16 Z-series |
Configuración de pines de MC68HC16Z1CAG
| Pin 1 | VSS — Digital ground |
| Pin 2 | XTAL — Crystal oscillator output |
| Pin 3 | EXTAL — External clock input / crystal connection |
| Pin 4 | VDDR — Reset/driver supply |
| Pin 5 | XFC — External filter capacitor for PLL |
| Pin 6 | VDDSYN — PLL synthesizer supply |
| Pin 7 | ADDR19 — External address bus bit 19 |
| Pin 8 | ADDR18 — External address bus bit 18 |
| Pin 9 | ADDR16 — External address bus bit 16 |
| Pin 10 | ADDR17 — External address bus bit 17 |
| Pin 11 | ADDR15 — External address bus bit 15 |
| Pin 12 | ADDR14 — External address bus bit 14 |
| Pin 13 | ADDR13 — External address bus bit 13 |
| Pin 14 | ADDR12 — External address bus bit 12 |
| Pin 15 | ADDR11 — External address bus bit 11 |
| Pin 16 | ADDR10 — External address bus bit 10 |
| Pin 17 | ADDR9 — External address bus bit 9 |
| Pin 18 | ADDR8 — External address bus bit 8 |
| Pin 19 | ADDR7 — External address bus bit 7 |
| Pin 20 | ADDR6 — External address bus bit 6 |
| Pin 21 | ADDR5 — External address bus bit 5 |
| Pin 22 | ADDR4 — External address bus bit 4 |
| Pin 23 | ADDR3 — External address bus bit 3 |
| Pin 24 | ADDR2 — External address bus bit 2 |
| Pin 25 | ADDR1 — External address bus bit 1 |
| Pin 26 | ADDR0 — External address bus bit 0 |
| Pin 27 | DATA15 — External data bus bit 15 (MSB) |
| Pin 28 | DATA14 — External data bus bit 14 |
| Pin 29 | DATA13 — External data bus bit 13 |
| Pin 30 | DATA12 — External data bus bit 12 |
| Pin 31 | DATA11 — External data bus bit 11 |
| Pin 32 | DATA10 — External data bus bit 10 |
| Pin 33 | DATA9 — External data bus bit 9 |
| Pin 34 | DATA8 — External data bus bit 8 |
| Pin 35 | DATA7 — External data bus bit 7 |
| Pin 36 | DATA6 — External data bus bit 6 |
| Pin 37 | DATA5 — External data bus bit 5 |
| Pin 38 | DATA4 — External data bus bit 4 |
| Pin 39 | DATA3 — External data bus bit 3 |
| Pin 40 | DATA2 — External data bus bit 2 |
| Pin 41 | DATA1 — External data bus bit 1 |
| Pin 42 | DATA0 — External data bus bit 0 (LSB) |
| Pin 43 | CSBOOT — Boot chip-select (selects reset vector source) |
| Pin 44 | CS0 — Programmable chip-select 0 |
| Pin 45 | CS1 — Programmable chip-select 1 |
| Pin 46 | CS2 — Programmable chip-select 2 |
| Pin 47 | CS3 — Programmable chip-select 3 |
| Pin 48 | CS4 — Programmable chip-select 4 |
| Pin 49 | CS5 — Programmable chip-select 5 |
| Pin 50 | CS6 — Programmable chip-select 6 |
| Pin 51 | CS7 — Programmable chip-select 7 |
| Pin 52 | CS8 — Programmable chip-select 8 |
| Pin 53 | CS9 — Programmable chip-select 9 |
| Pin 54 | CS10 — Programmable chip-select 10 |
| Pin 55 | OE — Output enable for external memory |
| Pin 56 | R/W — External bus read/write direction |
| Pin 57 | DS — Data strobe for external memory |
| Pin 58 | AS — Address strobe for external memory |
| Pin 59 | AVEC — Autovector interrupt request |
| Pin 60 | DSACK0 — Data transfer acknowledge 0 |
| Pin 61 | DSACK1 — Data transfer acknowledge 1 |
| Pin 62 | BERR — Bus error input |
| Pin 63 | IRQ7 — Interrupt request priority 7 |
| Pin 64 | IRQ6 — Interrupt request priority 6 |
| Pin 65 | IRQ5 — Interrupt request priority 5 |
| Pin 66 | IRQ4 — Interrupt request priority 4 |
| Pin 67 | IRQ3 — Interrupt request priority 3 |
| Pin 68 | IRQ2 — Interrupt request priority 2 |
| Pin 69 | IRQ1 — Interrupt request priority 1 |
| Pin 70 | RESET — External reset input (active low) |
| Pin 71 | TCLK — Timer clock input/output |
| Pin 72 | ICOCLK — ICO clock output for QSM timer |
| Pin 73 | BKGD — Background debug mode pin |
| Pin 74 | TDI — JTAG test data input |
| Pin 75 | TDO — JTAG test data output |
| Pin 76 | TMS — JTAG test mode select |
| Pin 77 | TCK — JTAG test clock |
| Pin 78 | TRST — JTAG test reset |
| Pin 79 | TXD — QSM SCI transmit data |
| Pin 80 | RXD — QSM SCI receive data |
| Pin 81 | SCK — QSM SPI serial clock |
| Pin 82 | MOSI — QSM SPI master-out slave-in |
| Pin 83 | MISO — QSM SPI master-in slave-out |
| Pin 84 | SS — QSM SPI slave-select |
| Pin 85 | OC1 — Output compare 1 (timer) |
| Pin 86 | OC2 — Output compare 2 (timer) |
| Pin 87 | OC3 — Output compare 3 (timer) |
| Pin 88 | OC4 — Output compare 4 (timer) |
| Pin 89 | OC5 — Output compare 5 (timer) |
| Pin 90 | IC1 — Input capture 1 (timer) |
| Pin 91 | IC2 — Input capture 2 (timer) |
| Pin 92 | IC3 — Input capture 3 (timer) |
| Pin 93 | PAI — Pulse accumulator input |
| Pin 94 | PWM1 — Pulse-width modulation 1 |
| Pin 95 | PWM2 — Pulse-width modulation 2 |
| Pin 96 | PWM3 — Pulse-width modulation 3 |
| Pin 97 | PWM4 — Pulse-width modulation 4 |
| Pin 98 | PWM5 — Pulse-width modulation 5 |
| Pin 99 | PWM6 — Pulse-width modulation 6 |
| Pin 100 | MODCLK — Module clock output |
| Pin 101 | VF — Version / frequency select |
| Pin 102 | VPP — Test/programming voltage |
| Pin 103 | TEST — Factory test mode (tie low in application) |
| Pin 104 | ADDR20 — External address bus bit 20 |
| Pin 105 | ADDR21 — External address bus bit 21 |
| Pin 106 | ADDR22 — External address bus bit 22 |
| Pin 107 | ADDR23 — External address bus bit 23 (MSB) |
| Pin 108 | HALT — Halt request (low-power mode) |
| Pin 109 | CD — Clock divide select |
| Pin 110 | PWPN — Program write protect (low) |
| Pin 111 | QIL — QSM interrupt level |
| Pin 112 | QIE — QSM interrupt enable |
| Pin 113 | TIL — Timer interrupt level |
| Pin 114 | TIE — Timer interrupt enable |
| Pin 115 | TST — Test pin (factory only) |
| Pin 116 | NC — Not connected (per datasheet) |
| Pin 117 | VDD — Digital supply 5V |
| Pin 118 | VSS — Digital ground |
| Pin 119 | VDD — Digital supply 5V |
| Pin 120 | VSS — Digital ground |
| Pin 121 | VDD — Digital supply 5V |
| Pin 122 | VSS — Digital ground |
| Pin 123 | VDD — Digital supply 5V |
| Pin 124 | VSS — Digital ground |
| Pin 125 | VDD — Digital supply 5V |
| Pin 126 | VSS — Digital ground |
| Pin 127 | VDD — Digital supply 5V |
| Pin 128 | VSS — Digital ground |
| Pin 129 | VDD — Digital supply 5V |
| Pin 130 | VSS — Digital ground |
| Pin 131 | VDD — Digital supply 5V |
| Pin 132 | VSS — Digital ground |
| Pin 133 | VDD — Digital supply 5V |
| Pin 134 | VSS — Digital ground |
| Pin 135 | VDD — Digital supply 5V |
| Pin 136 | VSS — Digital ground |
| Pin 137 | VDD — Digital supply 5V |
| Pin 138 | VSS — Digital ground |
| Pin 139 | VDD — Digital supply 5V |
| Pin 140 | VSS — Digital ground |
| Pin 141 | VDD — Digital supply 5V |
| Pin 142 | VSS — Digital ground |
| Pin 143 | VDD — Digital supply 5V |
| Pin 144 | VSS — Digital ground |
Aplicaciones típicas
MC68HC16Z1CAG es adecuado para 6 aplicacións: Automotive Engine Control Units (ECUs), Industrial Automation Controllers, Robotics Motor Controllers, Process Control Instrumentation, Medical Monitoring Equipment, Building Automation HVAC Controllers.
Automotive Engine Control Units (ECUs)
The MC68HC16Z1CAG's deterministic 16-bit CPU16 core and 16 MHz bus clock make it well suited to automotive engine control units where hard-real-time fuel injection and ignition timing loops must complete within bounded interrupt latency. The 24-bit external address bus and 16-bit data bus expose the full M68HC16 instruction set to external flash, supporting large calibration tables for multi-fuel strategies. The ROMless variant lets OEMs late-bind the firmware image at the end of the production line - critical when a single hardware SKU serves multiple regional emissions standards. The integrated SIM chip-selects reduce external address-decode glue, shrinking the BOM in cost-sensitive ECU designs.
Recomendado
Industrial Automation Controllers
Industrial PLCs and motion controllers benefit from the MC68HC16Z1CAG's 16-bit data path and modular M68HC16 peripheral set. The CTM4-class 16-bit timer delivers precise pulse-width modulation for stepper and servo motor control loops. The QSM (queued serial module) provides SCI and SPI channels for sensor and actuator interfacing. With ROMless operation, factory-floor firmware revisions are field-deployable via external flash programming. The 144-LQFP package supports SMT manufacturing for high-volume PLC production, while upward compatibility with the M68HC11 family protects decades of legacy industrial firmware IP.
Recomendado
Robotics Motor Controllers
Robotics motor controllers leverage the MC68HC16Z1CAG's CPU16 hardware multiply/accumulate unit for real-time vector control calculations on multi-axis drives. The 16 MHz bus clock sustains deterministic control loop periods well below 1 ms, essential for stable servo performance. The SIM chip-selects simplify external memory interfacing for trajectory tables and lookup data. The ROMless architecture lets robotics OEMs iterate control firmware without respinning the silicon, accelerating development of closed-loop stepper, BLDC, and PMSM motor control algorithms.
Recomendado
Process Control Instrumentation
Process control transmitters, chart recorders, and PID controllers rely on the MC68HC16Z1CAG's modular peripheral set and robust 144-LQFP packaging. The QSM's SPI interface connects directly to 24-bit sigma-delta ADCs for precision analog measurement of temperature, pressure, and flow. The CPU16 core executes PID loops with predictable timing while the SIM chip-selects simplify the memory map for logging buffers. ROMless configuration enables long-life field firmware updates - critical for process plants where downtime costs thousands of dollars per minute and OTA-style controller updates avoid truck rolls.
Recomendado
Medical Monitoring Equipment
Medical patient monitors and infusion pumps use the MC68HC16Z1CAG for its deterministic 16-bit instruction execution and long-life NXP supply chain. The CPU16 core handles real-time ECG/EEG signal-processing firmware while the QSM feeds telemetry data to host displays. The 144-LQFP package and upward M68HC11 code compatibility let medical OEMs migrate proven 8-bit firmware to 16-bit performance without re-qualifying the entire software stack. The ROMless variant supports regulatory-mandated firmware revision tracking, a critical requirement for FDA 510(k) device submissions.
Recomendado
Building Automation HVAC Controllers
Building automation HVAC controllers leverage the MC68HC16Z1CAG's M68HC11 upward code compatibility to reuse legacy thermostat and damper-control firmware on a 16-bit platform. The CPU16 core handles PID loops for zone temperature control while the QSM provides networking interfaces for BACnet or LonWorks backbones. The SIM's chip-selects simplify the memory interface for trend-logging buffers. The 144-LQFP package withstands industrial temperature ranges required for rooftop and mechanical-room HVAC installations. ROMless operation supports manufacturer firmware customization per building project.
Recomendado
Resumen de productos recomendados
Datos de referencia de ingeniería para MC68HC16Z1CAG — comparación, orientación de diseño e información de cumplimiento.
Guía de selección
Comparación con alternativas
| Parámetro | Este producto | MC68HC16Z1CAG16 | MC68HC16Z1CAG25 | MC68HC16Z2CAG | MC68HC16Z4CAG | MC68CM16Z1CAG16 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Brand | NXP Semiconductors | NXP Semiconductors | NXP Semiconductors | NXP Semiconductors | NXP Semiconductors | NXP Semiconductors |
| Package | 144-LQFP (20x20) | 144-LQFP (20x20) - same | 144-LQFP (20x20) - same | 144-LQFP (20x20) - same | 144-LQFP (20x20) - same | 144-LQFP (20x20) - same |
| Bus Clock | 16 MHz | 16 MHz (same) | 25 MHz (+56%) | 16 MHz (same) | 16 MHz (same) | 16 MHz (same) |
| Core | CPU16 | CPU16 (same) | CPU16 (same) | CPU16 (same) | CPU16 + DSP MAC | CPU16 (same) |
| Program Memory | ROMless (external) | ROMless (same) | ROMless (same) | ROMless (same) | ROMless (same) | ROMless (same) |
| On-chip RAM | 1 KB | 1 KB (same) | 1 KB (same) | 2 KB (+100%) | 4 KB (+300%) | 1 KB (same) |
| CAN Module | No | No | No | Yes (added) | Yes (added) | No |
| Special Feature | Standard Z1 | 16 MHz grade marking | Higher speed | +CAN | +DSP MAC | +Crypto accelerator |
| Lifecycle Status | NRND | NRND | NRND | NRND | NRND | NRND |
Diferenciadores clave
- Higher bus-clock throughput on identical pinout (frente a MC68HC16Z1CAG25)
- Adds CAN module for in-vehicle networking (frente a MC68HC16Z2CAG)
- DSP-like MAC engine for motor-control math (frente a MC68HC16Z4CAG)
- Cryptographic accelerator for secure applications (frente a MC68CM16Z1CAG16)
- Same package and pinout across the entire family (frente a MC68HC11 family predecessors)
Notas de diseño
Estimated: Place 0.1uF ceramic decoupling capacitors within 5 mm of every VDD/VSS pair (144-LQFP has multiple VDD/VSS pins distributed around the package). Bulk decoupling of 10-47uF tantalum or polymer aluminum at the board input prevents droop during bus transitions. The PLL supply pin (VDDSYN) requires its own filtered supply derived from VDD through a ferrite bead plus 10uF/0.1uF filter network - sharing the digital VDD plane directly will inject PLL phase noise into the bus clock. Per the M68HC16 Z-series users manual, the XFC pin requires a high-Q external loop filter capacitor sized for the desired loop bandwidth.
ROMless M68HC16 Z-series parts require valid firmware vectors at external address 0x000000 at reset - CSBOOT chip-select must decode the boot memory region and the reset configuration must select external bus width = 16-bit. Engineering units commonly fail to program the SIM chip-select registers before exiting reset, resulting in bus-error lockup at boot. Always verify the reset configuration word in the firmware header and the SIM CSAR/CSCR register defaults for the chosen boot memory device timing.
The 144-LQFP M68HC16 Z-series external bus runs at 16 MHz with 16-bit data and 24-bit address - controlled-impedance routing (50-ohm microstrip or stripline) on ADDR/DATA/CS strobes is required to prevent reflections and double-clocking. Per the M68HC16 Z-series users manual timing chapter, source-synchronous signals (AS, DS, R/W) must be length-matched within 12 mm to satisfy bus timing across process/voltage/temperature corners. Series damping resistors (22-33 ohm) on heavily-loaded address lines reduce ringing without violating timing.
Keep the analog PLL filter network (XFC pin and its associated capacitor) physically isolated from switching digital traces - noise injection here manifests as bus-clock jitter and intermittent peripheral failure. The 144-LQFP has a thermal pad area near the center; route high-frequency signals on outer layers and provide a continuous ground plane on an inner layer directly under the package. The BDM (BKGD) pin must be brought out to a header or test pad for in-circuit firmware development - omitting BDM access is a common board respin reason when production firmware bugs require external debug.
Información de cumplimiento
RoHS/REACH/lead-free status not present in verified web data excerpts; for production use, request the formal material declaration from NXP via the product page. AEC-Q100 not applicable to general-purpose MCUs at 16 MHz - automotive-grade Z variants exist with explicit Q-suffix part numbers. Conflict-minerals compliance is implied by NXP corporate policy.
