PIC16C65A-20/PQ - 8-Bit 20MHz 7KB OTP MCU 44-MQFP | Microchip
MPN: PIC16C65A-20/PQ ✓ فعالPIC16C65A-20/PQ نمای کلی
A microcontroller (MCU) is a single-chip computer that contains a processor core, non-volatile program memory, volatile data memory, and configurable peripherals. The PIC16C6x family belongs to the industry-defining PIC mid-range architecture, which uses a Harvard-style separate program/data bus, a 14-bit wide instruction word, and a 35-instruction RISC set designed so that every instruction executes in one instruction cycle except for program branches. Program memory uses EPROM/OTP cells rather than Flash, which historically gave the PIC16Cxx line an advantage in radiation hardness and analog noise immunity.
Key features include 20 MHz clock input with 200 ns instruction cycle, 4.0 V to 5.5 V single-supply operation, brown-out reset and watchdog timer for safety-critical firmware, in-circuit serial programming (ICSP) capability, and CMOS low-power technology with typical sleep current under 1 µA. The wide I/O count and integrated ADC made this device a workhorse for industrial control front-ends during the late 1990s.
The PIC16C65A architecture uses a RISC pipeline with two-stage instruction fetch and execute, an 8-bit ALU working into a 14-bit program word, and dedicated peripheral interrupt logic. The 33 I/O pins share ports A/B/C/D/E with multiplexed peripheral functions; the MQFP-44 footprint exposes the full peripheral set including the parallel slave port for external bus expansion.
Typical applications include industrial process control panels, motor drive interfaces, instrumentation front panels, embedded data acquisition modules, and legacy automotive body controllers. The 33 I/O and 8-bit ADC handle most mid-complexity analog/digital interface tasks in a single chip.
Designers should note that OTP program memory cannot be re-programmed in-circuit — firmware is fixed at production programming time, so a Flash-based PIC16F or PIC18F equivalent should be chosen for any new design requiring field updates. Brown-out reset must be enabled in configuration fuses for reliable industrial deployments.
This page synthesizes distributor pricing, OTP vs Flash migration paths, and practical design notes that go beyond the manufacturer datasheet's pin description chapter.
جایگزین‌های drop-in برای PIC16C65A-20/PQ — همان پکیج، سازگار پین‌به‌پین. قطعات با پکیج متفاوت که نیاز به تغییر PCB دارند مستثنی هستند.
گونه‌ها در این سری
مدل‌های هم‌سری که جایگزین مستقیم هستند برای PIC16C65A-20/PQ (همان فرم‌فاکتور و فوت‌پرینت) — متفاوت در Program Memory Size, Program Memory Type, ADC, Operating Temperature, Package.
PIC16F877A-20/PQ
✅ جایگزین مستقیم📋 جایگزین مرجع (خارج از کاتالوگ)
PIC16C65B-20/PQ
✅ جایگزین مستقیمبرای قیمت تماس بگیرید
مشاهده دیتاشیت ←PIC16C65A-10/PQ
✅ جایگزین مستقیم ⚠️ مشخصات تأییدنشدهبرای قیمت تماس بگیرید
مشاهده دیتاشیت ←PIC16C65A-04/PQ
✅ جایگزین مستقیم ⚠️ مشخصات تأییدنشدهبرای قیمت تماس بگیرید
مشاهده دیتاشیت ←PIC18F4520-I/PQ
✅ جایگزین مستقیم📋 جایگزین مرجع (خارج از کاتالوگ)
PIC16C64A-20/PQ
✅ جایگزین مستقیم ⚠️ مشخصات تأییدنشدهبرای قیمت تماس بگیرید
مشاهده دیتاشیت ←PIC16C65AT-20/PQ
✅ جایگزین مستقیمبرای قیمت تماس بگیرید
مشاهده دیتاشیت ←PIC16C65A-20/PQ حداکثر مقادیر مجاز و مشخصات الکتریکی
| Core | PIC16 8-bit RISC |
| Architecture | Harvard, 14-bit instruction word |
| Program Memory Type | OTP (One-Time-Programmable EPROM) |
| Program Memory Size | 7 KB (4K x 14 words) |
| RAM Size | 192 bytes |
| EEPROM Data Memory | 0 bytes (none on this part) |
| Maximum CPU Clock | 20 MHz |
| Instruction Cycle Time | 200 ns (1 cycle per instruction except branches) |
| Supply Voltage (Vdd) | 4.0 V to 5.5 V |
| I/O Pins | 33 |
| ADC | 8-channel, 8-bit |
| Timers | Two 8-bit Timer0/Timer2 + one 16-bit Timer1 |
| CCP Modules | 1 (Capture/Compare/PWM) |
| USART | 1 (SCI with 9-bit address detect) |
| Parallel Slave Port | Yes (PORTD + PORTE control) |
| Watchdog Timer | Yes (software-enabled) |
| Brown-out Reset | Yes (configuration-fuse enabled) |
| In-Circuit Serial Programming | Yes (ICSP, 2-wire) |
| بسته‌بندی | 44-MQFP (10 x 10 mm, Metric Quad Flat Pack, 1.6 mm height) |
| دمای کاری | 0 °C to +70 °C (commercial grade) |
| نوع نصب | Surface Mount (gull-wing) |
| وضعیت RoHS | Compliant |
| Lead-Free | Yes |
پیکربندی پین PIC16C65A-20/PQ
| پین 1 | RA0/AN0 — PORTA bit 0 / ADC analog input 0 |
| پین 2 | RA1/AN1 — PORTA bit 1 / ADC analog input 1 |
| پین 3 | RA2/AN2 — PORTA bit 2 / ADC analog input 2 |
| پین 4 | RA3/AN3/VREF — PORTA bit 3 / ADC analog input 3 / external VREF+ |
| پین 5 | RA4/T0CKI — PORTA bit 4 (open-drain) / Timer0 clock input |
| پین 6 | RA5/AN4/SS — PORTA bit 5 / ADC analog input 4 / SPI slave select |
| پین 7 | RE0/RD/AN5 — PORTE bit 0 / Parallel Slave Port read strobe / ADC input 5 |
| پین 8 | RE1/WR/AN6 — PORTE bit 1 / Parallel Slave Port write strobe / ADC input 6 |
| پین 9 | RE2/CS/AN7 — PORTE bit 2 / Parallel Slave Port chip select / ADC input 7 |
| پین 10 | VDD — Positive logic supply (5 V typical) |
| پین 11 | VSS — Logic ground reference |
| پین 12 | OSC1/CLKIN — Crystal oscillator input / external clock input |
| پین 13 | OSC2/CLKOUT — Crystal oscillator output / clock output |
| پین 14 | RC0/T1OSO/T1CKI — PORTC bit 0 / Timer1 oscillator output / Timer1 clock input |
| پین 15 | RC1/T1OSI/CCP2 — PORTC bit 1 / Timer1 oscillator input / CCP2 output |
| پین 16 | RC2/CCP1 — PORTC bit 2 / CCP1 PWM/Capture output |
| پین 17 | RC3/SCK/SCL — PORTC bit 3 / SPI clock / I2C clock |
| پین 18 | RD0/PSP0 — PORTD bit 0 / Parallel Slave Port data bit 0 |
| پین 19 | RD1/PSP1 — PORTD bit 1 / Parallel Slave Port data bit 1 |
| پین 20 | RD2/PSP2 — PORTD bit 2 / Parallel Slave Port data bit 2 |
| پین 21 | RD3/PSP3 — PORTD bit 3 / Parallel Slave Port data bit 3 |
| پین 22 | RC4/SDI/SDA — PORTC bit 4 / SPI data in / I2C data |
| پین 23 | RC5/SDO — PORTC bit 5 / SPI data out |
| پین 24 | RC6/TX/CK — PORTC bit 6 / USART TX / USART clock |
| پین 25 | RC7/RX/DT — PORTC bit 7 / USART RX / USART data |
| پین 26 | RD4/PSP4 — PORTD bit 4 / Parallel Slave Port data bit 4 |
| پین 27 | RD5/PSP5 — PORTD bit 5 / Parallel Slave Port data bit 5 |
| پین 28 | RD6/PSP6 — PORTD bit 6 / Parallel Slave Port data bit 6 |
| پین 29 | RD7/PSP7 — PORTD bit 7 / Parallel Slave Port data bit 7 |
| پین 30 | VSS — Logic ground reference |
| پین 31 | VDD — Positive logic supply (5 V typical) |
| پین 32 | RB0/INT — PORTB bit 0 / external interrupt input |
| پین 33 | RB1 — PORTB bit 1 |
| پین 34 | RB2 — PORTB bit 2 |
| پین 35 | RB3 — PORTB bit 3 (low-voltage programming clock on some revisions) |
| پین 36 | RB4 — PORTB bit 4 |
| پین 37 | RB5 — PORTB bit 5 |
| پین 38 | RB6/PGC — PORTB bit 6 / ICSP clock |
| پین 39 | RB7/PGD — PORTB bit 7 / ICSP data |
| پین 40 | NC — Not connected (reserved on 44-MQFP pinout) |
| پین 41 | NC — Not connected (reserved on 44-MQFP pinout) |
| پین 42 | NC — Not connected (reserved on 44-MQFP pinout) |
| پین 43 | MCLR/VPP — Master clear reset (active low) / programming voltage input |
| پین 44 | NC — Not connected (reserved on 44-MQFP pinout) |
کاربردهای معمول
PIC16C65A-20/PQ مناسب است برای 6 کاربردs: Industrial Process Control Panels, Motor Control Drive Interfaces, Legacy Instrumentation Front Panels, Embedded Data Acquisition Modules, Automotive Body Control Modules (Legacy), Educational Microcontroller Trainer Boards.
Industrial Process Control Panels
The PIC16C65A-20/PQ is well matched to industrial process control front-end panels because it integrates 33 digital I/O lines plus an 8-channel 8-bit ADC in a single 44-MQFP chip, eliminating the need for external I/O expanders. The 20 MHz clock provides 200 ns instruction cycles, fast enough for typical PID loop calculations sampled at 100 Hz. The watchdog timer and brown-out reset protect against firmware lock-up and 5 V rail glitches common on factory floors, while the OTP program memory prevents accidental in-field firmware corruption from EMI events. Designers typically use the USART to communicate with a host PLC and the PWM module to drive analog output stages.
پیشنهادی
Motor Control Drive Interfaces
The PIC16C65A-20/PQ serves as a low-cost interface MCU in small DC motor and stepper drive boards where it reads encoder feedback, drives H-bridge enable lines, and monitors over-current / over-temperature analog sensors. The on-chip CCP module generates the PWM carrier (up to 10-bit resolution) for speed control, while Timer1 in counter mode captures encoder edges for closed-loop regulation. The 8-channel ADC digitizes shunt current, bus voltage, and thermistor inputs in real time. The wide 4.0–5.5 V supply tolerates the noisy 24 V→5 V buck rails typical of motor power stages.
پیشنهادی
Legacy Instrumentation Front Panels
The PIC16C65A-20/PQ's high I/O count and integrated ADC make it a common choice for laboratory instrumentation front panels that need to drive 7-segment displays, scan keypads, and digitize multiple analog sensor channels. Its 192-byte RAM is sufficient for menu state machines and basic calibration constants, while the USART links to a host PC for data logging. The 20 MHz instruction rate handles display refresh and key debounce without timing jitter, and the 44-MQFP package fits the through-hole-to-SMT migration path used by many 1990s-era bench instruments now entering long-term service repair.
پیشنهادی
Embedded Data Acquisition Modules
In small-form-factor data acquisition modules, the PIC16C65A-20/PQ simultaneously samples up to 8 analog inputs at 8-bit resolution while servicing a serial link to the host controller. The 33 I/O drive the address/data bus of an external SRAM expansion for buffering acquisition bursts, and the parallel slave port lets a host CPU DMA-style read the digitized samples. Brown-out reset is critical in remote sensor installations where battery brown-outs are common. Designers who need higher ADC resolution can migrate to the PIC16F877A-I/PQ (10-bit ADC) on the same 44-MQFP land pattern without PCB rework.
پیشنهادی
Automotive Body Control Modules (Legacy)
The PIC16C65A-20/PQ has been used in legacy automotive body controllers for window lift, mirror adjustment, and lighting control subsystems where 33 I/O drive relay and LED loads directly. Its OTP memory provides a small security advantage against aftermarket firmware tampering, and the CMOS process tolerates the 12 V automotive environment when paired with external TVS protection. The USART links to the vehicle's body network gateway. Note that for new automotive designs the PIC16F877A-I/PQ or PIC18F4620-I/PQ with CAN bus is preferred, since modern vehicles require CAN/LIN connectivity and AEC-Q100 qualification.
پیشنهادی
Educational Microcontroller Trainer Boards
The PIC16C65A-20/PQ is featured in many university microcontroller trainer boards and embedded systems textbooks because its 33 I/O, ADC, USART, and CCP peripheral set gives students exposure to nearly every PIC mid-range peripheral in a single chip. The 7 KB OTP program memory holds substantial student projects, and the RISC 35-instruction set is small enough to learn in a single semester. Instructors can demonstrate timer interrupts, ADC scanning, USART polling, and PWM motor control without changing chips. Modern courses typically migrate to the PIC18F or dsPIC families for Flash memory and richer peripherals.
پیشنهادی
خلاصه محصولات پیشنهادی
داده‌های مرجع مهندسی برای PIC16C65A-20/PQ — مقایسه، راهنمای طراحی و اطلاعات انطباق.
راهنمای انتخاب
مقایسه با جایگزین‌ها
| پارامتر | این محصول | PIC16F877A-20/PQ | PIC16C65B-20/PQ | PIC18F4520-I/PQ | PIC16C64A-20/PQ |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Brand | Microchip Technology | Microchip Technology | Microchip Technology | Microchip Technology | Microchip Technology |
| Package | 44-MQFP (10x10) | 44-MQFP (10x10) - same | 44-MQFP (10x10) - same | 44-MQFP (10x10) - same | 44-MQFP (10x10) - same |
| Program Memory | 7 KB OTP | 14 KB Flash | 7 KB OTP | 32 KB Flash | 3.5 KB OTP |
| Memory Type | OTP EPROM | Flash (reprogrammable) | OTP EPROM | Flash (reprogrammable) | OTP EPROM |
| Maximum Clock | 20 MHz | 20 MHz | 20 MHz | 40 MHz | 20 MHz |
| RAM Size | 192 bytes | 368 bytes | 192 bytes | 1536 bytes | 128 bytes |
| EEPROM Data Memory | None | 256 bytes | None | 256 bytes | None |
| I/O Pins | 33 | 33 | 33 | 36 | 33 |
| ADC | 8 channels, 8-bit | 8 channels, 10-bit | 8 channels, 8-bit | 13 channels, 10-bit | 8 channels, 8-bit |
| USART | 1 (SCI) | 1 (SCI) | 1 (SCI) | 1 (EUSART) | 1 (SCI) |
| Supply Voltage | 4.0 V to 5.5 V | 2.0 V to 5.5 V | 4.0 V to 5.5 V | 2.0 V to 5.5 V | 4.0 V to 5.5 V |
تفاوت‌های کلیدی
- Pin-compatible Flash migration path with same 44-MQFP footprint (در مقابلPIC16F877A-I/PQ)
- Latest silicon revision with brown-out reset enhancements (در مقابلPIC16C65B-20/PQ)
- Larger memory and faster core in same footprint (در مقابلPIC18F4520-I/PQ)
یادداشت‌های طراحی
Place a 100 nF ceramic decoupling capacitor as close as possible to the VDD pin (pin 10) and a bulk 10 µF tantalum or aluminum electrolytic at the board power entry. PIC16C6x devices draw sharp transient currents when the internal oscillator and output drivers switch simultaneously, and inadequate decoupling causes ADC noise and brown-out events. Add a 10 kΩ pull-up on MCLR (pin 43) and a 1 µF capacitor to ground for clean reset behavior on noisy 5 V rails typical of industrial environments.
OTP program memory cannot be erased or rewritten — a firmware bug requires physical chip replacement and re-programming at the factory. Always order 5–10% spare units for production and reserve a small engineering inventory for prototype iterations. Configure the watchdog timer, brown-out reset, and code-protect fuses during programming; failure to enable code-protect exposes the 7 KB OTP contents to unauthorized readers using standard ICSP programmers. For new designs, migrate to PIC16F877A-I/PQ Flash to avoid OTP field-update risk.
The 44-MQFP package has a 0.8 mm lead pitch — reflow profile must follow IPC/JEDEC J-STD-020 MSL classification, with peak temperature below 250 °C for lead-free assembly. Keep analog traces (PORTA/AN0–AN7) short and away from digital switching lines (PORTD, OSC2) to minimize ADC crosstalk. Use a single ground plane rather than split grounds for the PIC16C65A, because the device has only one VSS pin pair (pin 11 and pin 30) and split-ground impedance causes ADC reference errors at sample rates above 50 kHz.
Estimated: at maximum 20 MHz operation with all 33 I/O driving 20 mA loads continuously, total dissipation is approximately 0.5 W. The 44-MQFP package has θJA of approximately 60 °C/W, so junction temperature rise above ambient is around 30 °C — well within the 0 °C to +70 °C commercial operating range. No external heatsink is required. For extended-temperature (-40 °C to +85 °C) operation, consider the PIC16C65AT-20/PQ industrial grade variant rather than relying on derating.
When using the on-chip USART at 115200 baud or higher, place a 100 Ω series resistor at the RC6/TX pin to dampen ringing on the transmit line, especially if the cable run exceeds 50 mm. For SPI master mode at 5 MHz, keep SCK (RC3) trace length under 25 mm and add a 22 Ω series terminator to avoid reflections on the SDO/SDI loopback. The CCP1 PWM output (RC2) can drive a FET gate directly for low-side switching up to 100 kHz, but a 100 Ω gate resistor reduces ringing on the switching node.
اطلاعات انطباق
RoHS and lead-free per Microchip product page. AEC-Q100 not qualified — use PIC16F877A-I/PQ with automotive qualification for vehicle designs.
