PIC16CR77T-I/ML - 8-bit MCU, 14KB ROM, 33 I/O, 20MHz | Microchip
MPN: PIC16CR77T-I/ML ✗ پایان تولیدPIC16CR77T-I/ML نمای کلی
An 8-bit microcontroller (MCU) is a single-chip computer that integrates a CPU, program memory, data RAM, I/O peripherals, and timers onto one silicon die. The PIC16C7x family belongs to Microchip's mid-range 14-bit instruction word architecture, positioning it in the wider hierarchy: microcontroller -> embedded MCU -> 8-bit MCU -> CMOS MCU -> semiconductor. These devices are widely deployed where deterministic real-time control, low power, and simple peripheral integration matter more than raw compute throughput.
Key features of this part include a 14-bit instruction word, Harvard bus architecture with separate program ROM and data memory, 33 I/O capable of digital I/O with selectable direction, 8-channel 8-bit ADC, capture/compare/PWM modules, a USART, and an internal oscillator that reduces bill-of-materials. Operating voltage spans 2.5V to 5.5V (typical) and the part is qualified for the -40C to +85C industrial temperature range per the 'I' suffix.
Architecturally, the PIC16CR77 uses Microchip's enhanced mid-range core with a 14-bit program word and 8-bit data path, plus a hardware multiply assist on selected variants. The ROM-based memory makes this device the lowest unit-cost option in the family for high-volume production runs where the firmware is stable. The exposed-pad QFN package improves thermal dissipation and reduces PCB footprint versus equivalent PDIP or TQFP variants.
Typical applications for the PIC16CR77T-I/ML include industrial control panels, HVAC controllers, appliance control boards, motor control, security and alarm systems, sensor signal conditioning, and consumer electronics where code-stable high-volume pricing matters most. The 33 I/O and 8 ADC channels support multi-input sensor monitoring with direct transistor/MOSFET drive.
When designing with this device, verify your firmware is final before committing to mask ROM - reprogramming is impossible. The exposed pad must be soldered to the PCB ground plane for rated thermal performance, and the decoupling network must follow the manufacturer reference layout.
This page synthesizes distributor pricing, ROM-vs-flash trade-offs, drop-in PIC16F77/PIC16C77 alternatives, and practical layout notes that the manufacturer datasheet alone does not present side by side.
جایگزین‌های drop-in برای PIC16CR77T-I/ML — همان پکیج، سازگار پین‌به‌پین. قطعات با پکیج متفاوت که نیاز به تغییر PCB دارند مستثنی هستند.
گونه‌ها در این سری
مدل‌های هم‌سری که جایگزین مستقیم هستند برای PIC16CR77T-I/ML (همان فرم‌فاکتور و فوت‌پرینت) — متفاوت در Package, Program Memory Size, RAM Size, Timers.
PIC16F877-I/ML
✅ جایگزین مستقیم📋 جایگزین مرجع (خارج از کاتالوگ)
PIC16F877T-I/ML
✅ جایگزین مستقیم📋 جایگزین مرجع (خارج از کاتالوگ)
PIC16C77-10/ML
✅ جایگزین مستقیم📋 جایگزین مرجع (خارج از کاتالوگ)
PIC16C77T-20I/ML
✅ جایگزین مستقیم📋 جایگزین مرجع (خارج از کاتالوگ)
PIC16C74BT-04I/ML
✅ جایگزین مستقیم📋 جایگزین مرجع (خارج از کاتالوگ)
PIC16CR77T-I/ML حداکثر مقادیر مجاز و مشخصات الکتریکی
| Core Architecture | PIC16C7x 8-bit enhanced mid-range |
| Instruction Word Width | 14-bit |
| Program Memory Size | 14 KB (8K x 14) ROM |
| RAM Size | 368 x 8 bytes |
| Number of I/O | 33 |
| Maximum CPU Speed | 20 MHz |
| Oscillator Type | Internal (external optional) |
| بسته‌بندی | 44-pin VQFN Exposed Pad (ML) |
| نوع نصب | Surface Mount |
| Packaging | Tape & Reel (T suffix) |
| دمای کاری | -40C to +85C (industrial, I suffix) |
| ADC | 8 channels, 8-bit (typical for family) |
| Timers | Timer0, Timer1, Timer2 (per family datasheet) |
| Communication | USART (SCI), I2C/SPI (per family datasheet) |
| PWM | Capture/Compare/PWM module (per family datasheet) |
| وضعیت RoHS | Compliant (per distributor listings) |
| Lead Free | Yes (per distributor listings) |
پیکربندی پین PIC16CR77T-I/ML
| پین 1 | OSC1/CLKIN — Oscillator input or external clock input |
| پین 2 | OSC2/CLKOUT — Oscillator output or clock output |
| پین 3 | MCLR — Master Clear (reset) input, active low |
| پین 4 | RA0/AN0 — Port A bit 0 / analog input 0 |
| پین 5 | RA1/AN1 — Port A bit 1 / analog input 1 |
| پین 6 | RA2/AN2 — Port A bit 2 / analog input 2 |
| پین 7 | RA3/AN3/VREF — Port A bit 3 / analog input 3 / VREF+ |
| پین 8 | RA4/T0CKI — Port A bit 4 / Timer0 clock input |
| پین 9 | RA5/AN4/SS — Port A bit 5 / analog input 4 / SPI slave select |
| پین 10 | RE0/RD/AN5 — Port E bit 0 / read control / analog input 5 |
| پین 11 | RE1/WR/AN6 — Port E bit 1 / write control / analog input 6 |
| پین 12 | RE2/CS/AN7 — Port E bit 2 / chip select / analog input 7 |
| پین 13 | VSS — Ground reference |
| پین 14 | VDD — Positive supply voltage |
| پین 15 | RC0/T1OSO/T1CKI — Port C bit 0 / Timer1 oscillator output / Timer1 clock input |
| پین 16 | RC1/T1OSI/CCP2 — Port C bit 1 / Timer1 oscillator input / CCP2 |
| پین 17 | RC2/CCP1 — Port C bit 2 / CCP1 |
| پین 18 | RC3/SCK/SCL — Port C bit 3 / SPI clock / I2C clock |
| پین 19 | RD0/PSP0 — Port D bit 0 / Parallel Slave Port bit 0 |
| پین 20 | RD1/PSP1 — Port D bit 1 / Parallel Slave Port bit 1 |
| پین 21 | RD2/PSP2 — Port D bit 2 / Parallel Slave Port bit 2 |
| پین 22 | RD3/PSP3 — Port D bit 3 / Parallel Slave Port bit 3 |
| پین 23 | RC4/SDI/SDA — Port C bit 4 / SPI data in / I2C data |
| پین 24 | RC5/SDO — Port C bit 5 / SPI data out |
| پین 25 | RC6/TX/CK — Port C bit 6 / USART transmit / clock |
| پین 26 | RC7/RX/DT — Port C bit 7 / USART receive / data |
| پین 27 | RD4/PSP4 — Port D bit 4 / Parallel Slave Port bit 4 |
| پین 28 | RD5/PSP5 — Port D bit 5 / Parallel Slave Port bit 5 |
| پین 29 | RD6/PSP6 — Port D bit 6 / Parallel Slave Port bit 6 |
| پین 30 | RD7/PSP7 — Port D bit 7 / Parallel Slave Port bit 7 |
| پین 31 | VSS — Ground reference |
| پین 32 | VDD — Positive supply voltage |
| پین 33 | RB0/INT — Port B bit 0 / external interrupt |
| پین 34 | RB1 — Port B bit 1 |
| پین 35 | RB2 — Port B bit 2 |
| پین 36 | RB3/PGM — Port B bit 3 / LVP programming |
| پین 37 | RB4 — Port B bit 4 |
| پین 38 | RB5 — Port B bit 5 |
| پین 39 | RB6/PGC — Port B bit 6 / ICSP clock |
| پین 40 | RB7/PGD — Port B bit 7 / ICSP data |
| پین 41 | VSS — Ground reference |
| پین 42 | VDD — Positive supply voltage |
| پین 43 | NC — Not connected (per datasheet) |
| پین 44 | NC — Not connected (per datasheet) |
کاربردهای معمول
PIC16CR77T-I/ML مناسب است برای 7 کاربردs: Industrial Control Panels, HVAC and Appliance Controllers, Security and Alarm Systems, Sensor Signal Conditioning, Motor Control and Drives, Consumer Electronics Embedded Control, Automotive Body Electronics (Non-Safety).
Industrial Control Panels
The PIC16CR77T-I/ML fits industrial control panels through its 33 digital I/O that directly drive relays, LEDs, and optocouplers, plus the 8-channel 8-bit ADC that reads 4-20 mA sensor inputs via external shunt resistors. At 20 MHz, the part services real-time keypad scanning and HMI display updates without jitter. The factory mask-ROM design makes the lowest unit cost in production runs of 10k+ panels. Industrial-grade -40C to +85C operation is rated by the I-suffix.
پیشنهادی
HVAC and Appliance Controllers
In HVAC and appliance controllers, the PIC16CR77T-I/ML provides 8 PWM channels via its Capture/Compare/PWM modules to drive triac phase-angle controls for fan motors and compressor valves. The 14KB ROM holds full PID algorithm plus user-interface state machines. Internal oscillator eliminates external crystals, reducing BOM cost by 30-50 cents in mass-produced appliances. Industrial temperature range supports under-cooker and unfreezer compartment environments.
پیشنهادی
Security and Alarm Systems
Security alarm panels use the PIC16CR77T-I/ML to monitor up to 33 zones of PIR sensors, door contacts, and glass-break detectors through the digital I/O and ADC channels. The USART connects to a GSM modem for alarm reporting, while the mask-ROM firmware prevents reverse-engineering of proprietary alarm algorithms. The 20 MHz core handles concurrent keypad scanning, siren-pattern generation, and event-logging without missing interrupts.
پیشنهادی
Sensor Signal Conditioning
The PIC16CR77T-I/ML serves as a sensor signal conditioner for multi-channel temperature, pressure, and humidity arrays. Each ADC channel samples at 8-bit resolution with internal acquisition timing suitable for thermistor and RTD bridge outputs. The 14KB ROM holds linearization lookup tables and digital-filter routines. Industrial temperature rating suits outdoor and HVAC duct installations. The exposed-pad QFN package dissipates heat reliably when 33 I/O drive LEDs simultaneously.
پیشنهادی
Motor Control and Drives
For low-voltage DC motor control, the PIC16CR77T-I/ML generates PWM signals via its CCP modules to drive H-bridge MOSFET drivers at up to 20 kHz switching frequency. Quadrature encoder inputs on Timer0/Timer1 enable closed-loop speed regulation. The mask-ROM firmware secures proprietary motor-control algorithms. The exposed-pad QFN package handles the modest thermal load of digital I/O switching, though external driver ICs handle the power stage.
پیشنهادی
Consumer Electronics Embedded Control
Consumer devices such as washing machines, dishwashers, microwave ovens, and smart-home hubs use the PIC16CR77T-I/ML to coordinate user-interface keypads, displays, and actuators. The USART plus I2C/SPI peripherals connect to LCD modules, audio codecs, and wireless modules. Mask-ROM pricing makes the part attractive for sub-$50 retail products at 50k+ annual production. Industrial-grade operation handles the wide environmental range of consumer deployment.
پیشنهادی
Automotive Body Electronics (Non-Safety)
Non-safety automotive body modules such as interior lighting controllers, seat-adjustment panels, and mirror-control units deploy the PIC16CR77T-I/ML for its PWM and digital I/O capabilities. The part is NOT AEC-Q100 qualified - for safety-relevant applications use the AEC-Q100 PIC16F877A-I/ML instead. Industrial temperature rating suits cabin environments. Mask-ROM cost advantage matters at 100k+ annual vehicle production volumes.
پیشنهادی
خلاصه محصولات پیشنهادی
داده‌های مرجع مهندسی برای PIC16CR77T-I/ML — مقایسه، راهنمای طراحی و اطلاعات انطباق.
راهنمای انتخاب
مقایسه با جایگزین‌ها
| پارامتر | این محصول | PIC16F877-I/ML | PIC16F877T-I/ML | PIC16C77-10/ML | PIC16C77T-20I/ML | PIC16C74BT-04I/ML |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Package | 44-pin VQFN Exposed Pad (ML) | 44-pin VQFN Exposed Pad (ML) - same | 44-pin VQFN Exposed Pad (ML) - same | 44-pin VQFN Exposed Pad (ML) - same | 44-pin VQFN Exposed Pad (ML) - same | 44-pin VQFN Exposed Pad (ML) - same |
| Brand | Microchip Technology | Microchip Technology - same | Microchip Technology - same | Microchip Technology - same | Microchip Technology - same | Microchip Technology - same |
| Program Memory Type | 14 KB Mask ROM | 14 KB Flash | 14 KB Flash | 14 KB OTP / EPROM | 14 KB ROM | 7 KB OTP / EPROM |
| Program Memory Size | 14 KB (8K x 14) | 14 KB | 14 KB | 14 KB | 14 KB | 7 KB (-50%) |
| Maximum CPU Speed | 20 MHz | 20 MHz | 20 MHz | 10 MHz (-50%) | 20 MHz | 4 MHz (-80%) |
| Number of I/O | 33 | 33 | 33 | 33 | 33 | 33 |
| Lifecycle Status | NRND | Active (recommended for new designs) | Active | NRND / EOL | NRND / EOL | NRND / EOL |
| Field Reprogrammable | No (mask ROM) | Yes (flash, ICSP) | Yes (flash, ICSP) | No (OTP) | No (ROM) | No (OTP) |
| Approx Unit Price (1k qty) | ~$5.30 | $6.50-$7.50 (flash premium) | $6.50-$7.50 | $5.00-$6.00 | $5.50-$6.50 | $4.00-$5.00 (smaller memory) |
تفاوت‌های کلیدی
- Lowest unit cost in family for high-volume production (در مقابلPIC16F877-I/ML)
- 44-pin VQFN Exposed Pad for compact designs (در مقابلPIC16CR77-I/P (PDIP variant))
- 33 I/O in mid-range 8-bit core (در مقابلPIC16C74BT-04I/ML)
- Industrial temperature range qualification (در مقابلConsumer-grade PIC variants)
یادداشت‌های طراحی
CRITICAL: The PIC16CR77 uses factory mask-programmed ROM. You must submit the final firmware HEX file to Microchip before wafer fabrication - there is no field reprogramming path. For development and pre-production, use the flash-based PIC16F877-I/ML in the same VQFN-44 footprint, then convert to the CR77 mask-ROM only when firmware is locked. Mistakes in the ROM image cannot be patched in the field; entire wafer batches must be scrapped.
The 44-pin VQFN Exposed Pad (ML) package dissipates heat primarily through the underside pad. The exposed pad MUST be soldered to the PCB ground plane with multiple thermal vias for rated thermal performance. Use at least 9 thermal vias in a 3x3 grid pattern under the pad. Without proper thermal connection, junction temperature can exceed 125C ratings even at moderate 20 MHz operation, especially with 33 I/O switching simultaneously.
Place a 100 nF decoupling capacitor within 3 mm of each VDD pin (pins 14, 32, 42) with a wide ground trace to the nearest VSS pin. Add a 10 uF bulk capacitor at the board entry point. Route the MCLR reset line away from high-frequency switching nodes and consider a 10 kohm pull-up and 100 nF capacitor for clean reset behavior. Keep oscillator traces short and surround them with ground pour to minimize EMI.
When using the USART at high baud rates, ensure the TX/RX traces are impedance-matched and short. For SPI communications above 5 MHz, add source-series termination resistors (30-33 ohm) close to the driving pin. The I2C bus requires pull-up resistors sized to the bus capacitance - typical values are 2.2 kohm to 10 kohm at 100-400 kHz. Use the MSSP peripheral in I2C mode rather than bit-banging to avoid timing violations.
The 44-pin VQFN has fine pitch (typically 0.5 mm) - use 0.1 mm (4 mil) trace width with 0.075 mm spacing inside the package footprint. Escape routes require microvia-in-pad or dogbone fanout patterns to the inner rows. Avoid routing traces under the exposed pad except for ground stitching vias. Reference the Microchip AN1257 application note for VQFN-44 layout recommendations to achieve a first-pass successful assembly.
اطلاعات انطباق
RoHS compliant and lead-free per distributor listings. Not AEC-Q100 qualified - choose PIC16F877A-I/ML for automotive. REACH and conflict-mineral compliance status not explicitly stated in verified web data.
