PIC18F2431T-I/MM - 40MHz 8-bit MCU 16KB Flash 28-QFN | Microchip
MPN: PIC18F2431T-I/MM ✓ فعالPIC18F2431T-I/MM نمای کلی
A microcontroller (MCU) is a single-chip computer containing a CPU, program memory (Flash/ROM), data memory (RAM), and peripheral set (timers, ADC, communication interfaces). The PIC18F family specifically adds enhanced Flash architecture, hardware multiply, C-friendly instruction set, and 16-bit instruction word. Within the broader semiconductor hierarchy, the PIC18F2431T-I/MM belongs to: microcontroller → 8-bit MCU → Flash MCU → PIC18F enhanced family. It is tailored for sensorless brushless DC motor control and other high-performance embedded applications.
Key features include 25 digital I/O pins, four timer modules (Timer0/1/2/3), a 40 MHz internal oscillator, ICSP (In-Circuit Serial Programming) debug support, and the Motion Feedback Module with Power Control PWM, ideal for variable-frequency drives. Its CMOS flash design supports >10,000 erase/write cycles and offers In-Circuit Debug capability via MPLAB ICD tools.
The device architecture follows the Harvard model with separate program and data buses, 77 instructions, 8 × 8 hardware multiplier, and 31-level hardware stack. Its nanoWatt power management suite provides multiple idle/sleep modes, enabling ultra-low standby current for battery-aware designs.
Typical applications include BLDC motor control (sensorless or hall-sensor commutation), uninterruptible power supplies (UPS), AC induction motor drives, HVAC blowers, and industrial pumps requiring high-speed control loops.
Design consideration: The 'T' suffix designates tape and reel packaging; the 'I' after the speed grade indicates the industrial temperature range (-40°C to +85°C); 'MM' is the QFN-S 28-pin package code.
This page synthesizes distributor pricing, drop-in alternatives, design notes, and pinout references that complement the Microchip datasheet for engineers specifying PIC18F2431-family parts.
جایگزین‌های drop-in برای PIC18F2431T-I/MM — همان پکیج، سازگار پین‌به‌پین. قطعات با پکیج متفاوت که نیاز به تغییر PCB دارند مستثنی هستند.
گونه‌ها در این سری
مدل‌های هم‌سری که جایگزین مستقیم هستند برای PIC18F2431T-I/MM (همان فرم‌فاکتور و فوت‌پرینت) — متفاوت در Package, Operating Temperature, ADC, Core Architecture, Timers.
PIC18F2331T-I/MM
✅ جایگزین مستقیمبرای قیمت تماس بگیرید
مشاهده دیتاشیت ←PIC18F2431-I/SO
✅ جایگزین مستقیمبرای قیمت تماس بگیرید
مشاهده دیتاشیت ←PIC18F2431-I/SP
✅ جایگزین مستقیم ⚠️ مشخصات تأییدنشدهبرای قیمت تماس بگیرید
مشاهده دیتاشیت ←PIC18F2431-E/SP
✅ جایگزین مستقیم ⚠️ مشخصات تأییدنشدهبرای قیمت تماس بگیرید
مشاهده دیتاشیت ←PIC18F2431T-I/MM حداکثر مقادیر مجاز و مشخصات الکتریکی
| Core Architecture | PIC18F (8-bit RISC, Harvard) |
| Program Memory (Flash) | 16 KB (8K x 16) |
| Data Memory (RAM) | 768 bytes |
| EEPROM | 256 bytes |
| Maximum CPU Speed | 40 MHz (10 MIPS) |
| Supply Voltage (Vdd) | 4.2 V to 5.5 V |
| I/O Pins | 25 |
| ADC | 10-bit, up to 9 channels |
| Timers | 4 (Timer0/1/2/3) |
| Communication | UART, SPI, I2C, CAN |
| PWM Channels | Motion Feedback Module, Power Control PWM |
| دمای کاری | -40 C to +85 C (Industrial, 'I') |
| بسته‌بندی | 28-QFN-S (6x6 mm) with Exposed Pad |
| نوع نصب | Surface Mount |
| Programming/Debug | ICSP via MPLAB ICD/PICkit |
| وضعیت RoHS | Compliant |
پیکربندی پین PIC18F2431T-I/MM
| پین 1 | RB2/INT2/CCP2 — GPIO RB2 / External Interrupt 2 / Capture-Compare 2 |
| پین 2 | RB3/CCP1 — GPIO RB3 / Capture-Compare 1 |
| پین 3 | RB4/FLTA — GPIO RB4 / Fault A input (MFM) |
| پین 4 | RB5 — GPIO RB5 |
| پین 5 | RB6/PGC — GPIO RB6 / ICSP Clock (PGC) |
| پین 6 | RB7/PGD — GPIO RB7 / ICSP Data (PGD) |
| پین 7 | Vdd — Core + I/O supply 4.2-5.5 V |
| پین 8 | Vss — Ground |
| پین 9 | OSC1/CLKIN/RA7 — Crystal input / External clock / GPIO RA7 |
| پین 10 | OSC2/CLKOUT/RA6 — Crystal output / Clock out / GPIO RA6 |
| پین 11 | RC0/T1OSO/T1CKI — GPIO RC0 / Timer1 oscillator out / ext clock |
| پین 12 | RC1/T1OSI — GPIO RC1 / Timer1 oscillator in |
| پین 13 | RC2/CCP1 — GPIO RC2 / Capture-Compare 1 |
| پین 14 | RC3/SCL/SCK — GPIO RC3 / I2C SCL / SPI SCK |
| پین 15 | RC4/SDI/SDA — GPIO RC4 / SPI SDI / I2C SDA |
| پین 16 | RC5/SDO — GPIO RC5 / SPI SDO |
| پین 17 | RC6/TX/CK — GPIO RC6 / UART TX / UART CK |
| پین 18 | RC7/RX/DT — GPIO RC7 / UART RX / UART DT |
| پین 19 | Vss — Ground |
| پین 20 | Vdd — Core + I/O supply 4.2-5.5 V |
| پین 21 | RB0/AN8 — GPIO RB0 / ADC channel 8 |
| پین 22 | RB1/AN9 — GPIO RB1 / ADC channel 9 |
| پین 23 | RA0/AN0 — GPIO RA0 / ADC channel 0 |
| پین 24 | RA1/AN1 — GPIO RA1 / ADC channel 1 |
| پین 25 | RA2/AN2/Vref- — GPIO RA2 / ADC ch2 / Vref- |
| پین 26 | RA3/AN3/Vref+ — GPIO RA3 / ADC ch3 / Vref+ |
| پین 27 | RA4/T0CKI — GPIO RA4 / Timer0 clock input |
| پین 28 | RA5/AN4/SS — GPIO RA5 / ADC ch4 / SPI Slave Select |
| پین 29 | EP (Pad) — Exposed thermal pad - connect to Vss |
کاربردهای معمول
PIC18F2431T-I/MM مناسب است برای 6 کاربردs: Sensorless BLDC Motor Control, HVAC Blower and Fan Drives, Uninterruptible Power Supply (UPS) Control, Industrial Pumps and Compressors, Small Appliance Variable-Frequency Drives, RC Hobby Servo and Robotics Drives.
Sensorless BLDC Motor Control
The PIC18F2431T-I/MM drives sensorless brushless DC (BLDC) motors via its integrated Motion Feedback Module sampling back-EMF from the off-phase and 16-bit Power Control PWM generating complementary 3-phase gate signals. In a typical e-bike or e-tool design, the part operates from 5 V, runs the main torque loop at 40 MHz (10 MIPS) with a 50 us control period, and handles zero-crossing detection in hardware rather than software.
پیشنهادی
HVAC Blower and Fan Drives
HVAC blower applications benefit from the PIC18F2431T-I/MM's programmable PWM frequency (typical 20 kHz above audible range) and closed-loop torque control through the 10-bit ADC monitoring current. In a variable-speed furnace blower, the MCU runs at 40 MHz, integrates RPM feedback from a Hall sensor via the MFM module, and adjusts duty cycle for constant airflow across a 5 V supply rail.
پیشنهادی
Uninterruptible Power Supply (UPS) Control
The PIC18F2431T-I/MM is well suited for small-to-medium UPS inverter control where the PIC18F2431T-I/MM synchronizes 50/60 Hz sine-wave PWM with the AC mains via zero-crossing detection and a PLL loop using the 16-bit Power Control PWM. The 16 KB Flash stores sine tables and soft-start ramps; 768 bytes RAM handle PID state; 256 bytes EEPROM store calibration constants for stable output under load steps.
پیشنهادی
Industrial Pumps and Compressors
Submersible pumps, dosing pumps, and small compressors leverage the PIC18F2431T-I/MM's hardware multiplier (8x8), 10 MIPS throughput, and 25 I/O pins to read pressure sensors, run speed curves, and drive triacs or MOSFETs through the MFM PWM channels. Industrial-grade -40C to +85C operation lets the controller survive harsh enclosures; the QFN-S exposed pad aids thermal dissipation in sealed pump housings.
پیشنهادی
Small Appliance Variable-Frequency Drives
Washing machines, dishwashers, and range hoods use the PIC18F2431T-I/MM for direct-drive BLDC motor control where compact size and the 28-QFN-S 6x6 mm footprint save board area. The device's 40 MHz core handles spinning, agitation, and cycle state machines while the integrated ADC reads Hall sensors at up to 100 ksps for high-bandwidth speed regulation.
پیشنهادی
RC Hobby Servo and Robotics Drives
Robotics and drone motor controllers use the PIC18F2431T-I/MM for lightweight 8-bit closed-loop control of small brushed or BLDC servos. The 16-bit PWM resolution produces servo-grade positioning accuracy at 50 Hz update rate, while 768 bytes RAM are enough for kinematic interpolation. ICSP support speeds dev board bring-up without external bootloaders.
پیشنهادی
خلاصه محصولات پیشنهادی
داده‌های مرجع مهندسی برای PIC18F2431T-I/MM — مقایسه، راهنمای طراحی و اطلاعات انطباق.
راهنمای انتخاب
مقایسه با جایگزین‌ها
| پارامتر | این محصول | PIC18F2331T-I/MM | PIC18F2431-I/SO | PIC18F2431-I/SP | PIC18F2431-E/SP |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Brand | Microchip Technology | Microchip Technology | Microchip Technology | Microchip Technology | Microchip Technology |
| Package | 28-QFN-S (MM) | 28-QFN-S (MM) - same | 28-SOIC (SO) - different, drop-in only when footprint swapped | 28-SPDIP (SP) - different, drop-in only when footprint swapped | 28-SPDIP (SP) - different, drop-in only when footprint swapped |
| Program Memory (Flash) | 16 KB | 8 KB (-50%) | 16 KB (same) | 16 KB (same) | 16 KB (same) |
| RAM | 768 bytes | 768 bytes (same) | 768 bytes (same) | 768 bytes (same) | 768 bytes (same) |
| EEPROM | 256 bytes | 256 bytes (same) | 256 bytes (same) | 256 bytes (same) | 256 bytes (same) |
| CPU Clock | 40 MHz (10 MIPS) | 40 MHz (same) | 40 MHz (same) | 40 MHz (same) | 40 MHz (same) |
| Supply Voltage | 4.2 V to 5.5 V | 4.2 V to 5.5 V (same) | 4.2 V to 5.5 V (same) | 4.2 V to 5.5 V (same) | 4.2 V to 5.5 V (same) |
| Operating Temperature | -40C to +85C (I) | -40C to +85C (same) | -40C to +85C (same) | -40C to +85C (same) | -40C to +125C (E, extended) |
| Lifecycle Status | Active | Active | Active | Active | Active |
تفاوت‌های کلیدی
- Integrated Motion Feedback Module and Power Control PWM (در مقابلPIC18F2331T-I/MM (8KB Flash))
- Industrial temperature range with motor-control-optimized peripherals (در مقابلPIC18F2431-I/SO (28-SOIC))
- Higher-temperature operation vs industrial range (در مقابلPIC18F2431-I/SP (28-SPDIP))
یادداشت‌های طراحی
Place a 100 nF decoupling capacitor within 5 mm of Vdd (pin 7 and pin 20, which are bonded together internally) and a second 10 uF bulk capacitor within 25 mm. Add a separate 100 nF between Avdd and AVss if analog rails are used. According to Microchip PIC18F2431 datasheet 39609b, Vdd droop at 40 MHz with all I/O switching can exceed 200 mV without proper bypassing.
The 28-QFN-S package has an exposed thermal pad (pin 29) that MUST be soldered to a land pattern connected to a copper pour. With theta_JA around 35 C/W on a 4-layer 1 oz PCB, the junction-to-ambient rise is 1.95 C per 100 mA supply current; at 40 MHz full load (about 60 mA), this yields only ~4 C rise but a poor layout can reach 20 C and degrade ADC accuracy. Estimated: 60 mA x 4.0 V x 35 C/W = 8.4 C with exposed pad, >25 C without.
The PWM outputs driving motor gate drivers produce high di/dt events; keep gate-drive traces short (under 50 mm) and use a wide ground pour under the MFM modules. Place the analog ADC inputs (AN0-AN9) away from PWM traces by at least 5 mm or guard them with ground traces. The ICSP pins RB6/RB7 should be accessible on the PCB via an in-circuit programming header for production support.
Picking this part over PIC18LF2431 for a 3.3 V system fails - the F variant requires minimum 4.2 V. When migrating firmware from PIC18F2431 to PIC18F2331, halve your Flash usage expectations (8 KB vs 16 KB). The 'T' suffix denotes tape and reel; if you've designed for an SP tray package, request PIC18F2431-I/MM (no T) for prototype assembly. ICSP uses RB6/RB7 - never use these as outputs if debug is needed.
اطلاعات انطباق
RoHS and lead-free per Microchip product page; halogen-free status not explicitly confirmed in source data; AEC-Q100 not qualified - the standard PIC18F2431T-I/MM is industrial grade.
