FPGA & CPLD
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EP1C20F400I6 - Cyclone FPGA, 20060 LEs, 400-FBGA | Altera
The Altera (now Intel) EP1C20F400I6 is a member of the original Cyclone FPGA family fabricated on a 1.5 V, 130 nm SRAM-based process, offering 20,060 logic elements in a 400-ball FineLine BGA package with industrial temperature grading. The device integrates 288 Kbits of embedded RAM organized as M4K blocks, supports up to 301 user I/O pins, and includes two PLL blocks for clock management. Typical core operating frequency reaches 405.2 MHz as listed in third-party parametric summaries. A Field-Programmable Gate Array (FPGA) is a reconfigurable semiconductor device in which the logic fabric, interconnect, and I/O cells can be programmed after manufacture using a hardware description language (HDL) such as Verilog or VHDL. FPGAs sit at the top of the digital logic hierarchy alongside ASICs and CPLDs, sitting above microcontrollers in performance-per-watt for highly parallel workloads. Within the broader taxonomy, the Cyclone family belongs to the low-cost, high-volume FPGA segment optimized for glue logic, bus bridging, and DSP pre-processing rather than the high-end transceiver-rich Stratix tier. Key features include support for LVDS, LVTTL, LVCMOS, SSTL-2, and SSTL-3 I/O standards; embedded multipliers for low-cost DSP; and a serial configuration interface compatible with EPCS serial configuration devices. The device operates from a 1.5 V core supply with separate VCCIO banks for flexible I/O voltage rails, and it supports passive or active serial configuration schemes plus JTAG boundary-scan testing per IEEE 1149.1. The Cyclone architecture uses a 2-D row-and-column interconnect with embedded M4K RAM blocks, LAB (Logic Array Block) clusters of 10 logic elements each, and dedicated multiplier blocks for DSP operations. Industrial-grade silicon rated from -40C to +100C ambient ensures reliable operation in factory automation, automotive test, and outdoor wireless backhaul equipment. Typical applications include industrial control and factory automation bridges, low-cost video processing pipelines, motor control and encoder interfaces, telecommunications line-card glue logic, and consumer electronics requiring parallel DSP pre-processing. The Cyclone family is widely used in education for HDL coursework and in prototype ASIC emulation because of its low non-recurring engineering cost. Designers should plan for separate analog and digital ground returns under the BGA, keep PLL analog supply pins LC-filtered, and reference the Quartus II (or the latest Intel Quartus Prime) device handbook for pin assignments and timing closure. The 400-ball FBGA requires 1.0 mm ball pitch, which dictates PCB stack-up and via-in-pad process selection.
EP1C20F400I7 - Cyclone FPGA 20K LE FBGA-400 | Intel
The Intel EP1C20F400I7 is a member of the first-generation Cyclone FPGA family, delivering 20,060 logic elements and 294,912 bits of embedded RAM in a 400-ball FineLine BGA (FBGA-400) package. Built on a 0.13 µm CMOS process, the Cyclone EP1C20 supports up to 301 user I/O pins with LVTTL, LVCMOS, SSTL, and LVDS I/O standards. The "I7" speed grade combined with the industrial temperature range (-40C to +100C junction) makes this variant suitable for industrial and telecom applications where the C-speed (commercial) parts cannot be used. An FPGA (Field Programmable Gate Array) is a programmable logic device that allows hardware designers to implement custom digital circuits after PCB fabrication. The hierarchy places FPGAs above CPLDs (smaller, non-volatile logic devices) and below ASICs (fixed-function Application-Specific Integrated Circuits) within the broader digital semiconductor category. Cyclone FPGAs target cost-sensitive, high-volume applications by trimming unused silicon (no transceivers, no hardware multipliers in the base Cyclone), keeping die area and unit price low compared to higher-tier Stratix parts. Key features of the EP1C20F400I7 include 20,060 logic elements, 64 embedded 18x18 multipliers (M4K blocks repurposed), a dedicated Double Data Rate (DDR) SDRAM interface supporting up to 133 MHz, and a Phase-Locked Loop (PLL) array for clock synthesis. The device is configured via active serial (AS), passive serial (PS), or JTAG modes using the dedicated configuration pins. The architecture is built around a four-input LUT (Look-Up Table) based logic element fabric with embedded M4K memory blocks (4 Kbit each, total 60 blocks). Distributed RAM and shift-register logic can be inferred from the LUTs themselves, providing flexible on-chip storage. Two PLLs and global clock networks handle clock distribution and frequency synthesis across the die. Typical applications for the EP1C20F400I7 include industrial control boards, video processing front-ends, low-end networking line cards, glue logic replacement, and DSP co-processing. The large logic capacity allows the device to host soft processor cores such as the Nios II, enabling full system-on-chip designs on a single programmable device. When designing with this device, ensure proper decoupling (0.1 µF per power pin plus bulk capacitors), follow Intel's configuration pin recommendations, and select the I7 speed grade carefully — it is the slowest industrial variant, so timing closure on 100 MHz+ designs may require extra pipelining. This page synthesizes distributor pricing, drop-in alternatives, and practical design notes not found in the manufacturer datasheet alone.
EP1C20F400I7N - Cyclone FPGA 20,060 LE 301 I/O 400-BGA | Intel
The Intel (formerly Altera) EP1C20F400I7N is a Cyclone-series Field-Programmable Gate Array (FPGA) featuring 20,060 logic elements, 294,912 bits of embedded RAM, and 301 user I/O pins, housed in a 400-ball FineLine BGA package (21 mm × 21 mm, 1 mm pitch). Built on a 1.5 V core, 0.13 µm SRAM process, the device integrates 2,006 Logic Array Blocks (LABs) and 20 embedded 4-Kbit memory blocks, with PLL-based clock management and dedicated DDR SDRAM interfaces. A Field-Programmable Gate Array (FPGA) is a type of integrated circuit that can be configured by the customer after manufacture using a hardware description language (HDL) such as Verilog or VHDL. FPGAs belong to the broader category of programmable logic devices (PLDs) within the semiconductor hierarchy: programmable logic device → FPGA → SRAM-based FPGA → low-cost FPGA (Cyclone class). They are widely used to implement custom digital logic, glue logic, DSP pipelines, and high-speed interface bridges. Key features of the EP1C20F400I7N include up to 20,060 logic elements, 244,800 typical gates, 294,912 RAM bits organized as M4K memory blocks, and 301 user I/O with support for multiple I/O standards including LVTTL, LVCMOS, SSTL, and LVDS. The device also provides up to two PLLs with four outputs each for clock synthesis and skew management, and dedicated hardware multipliers for low-cost DSP. The Cyclone architecture uses a 2-D row-and-column routing network driven by look-up tables (LUTs) with embedded carry chains for arithmetic. SRAM configuration cells store the user design and are loaded at power-up from external flash or a configuration device, supporting passive serial, active serial, and JTAG modes. Per-pin signal-integrity features such as slew-rate control and drive-strength programming simplify PCB design. Typical applications include industrial control and factory automation glue logic, low-cost video processing, communications protocol bridging (PCI, UART, SPI), and consumer-electronics controllers. The 400-BGA package supports high I/O count designs while maintaining a compact 21×21 mm footprint for moderate-density boards. When designing with the EP1C20F400I7N, ensure the power tree provides a clean 1.5 V core supply with adequate bulk and decoupling, and verify configuration mode selection against your chosen boot source. Industrial-grade (-40 °C to +100 °C junction) variants such as the I7N speed grade are required for environments beyond commercial temperature ranges. This page synthesizes drop-in alternatives, parametric comparisons, and practical design notes beyond the manufacturer datasheet to accelerate schematic entry, BOM selection, and supply-chain qualification.
EP1C3T10017N - 2,910 LEs Cyclone FPGA, TQFP-100 | Intel / Altera
The Intel (formerly Altera) EP1C3T10017N is a low-cost Cyclone FPGA from the first-generation Cyclone family, featuring 2,910 logic elements, 58,848 bits of embedded RAM, and a single global PLL in a 100-pin TQFP package. The "17" speed grade and "N" suffix indicate a commercial-temperature, lead-free, industrial-grade part with typical -7 speed characteristics, supporting clock rates suitable for glue-logic, custom peripheral bridging, and modest DSP pipelines. The Cyclone family is Intel's first SRAM-based, low-cost FPGA architecture, positioned in the broader taxonomy as FPGA -> programmable logic device -> logic IC -> integrated circuit. Cyclone devices were introduced in 2002 to address cost-sensitive ASIC replacement and are typically used where logic density in the 2K-20K LE range is sufficient but a microcontroller lacks flexibility. Cyclone FPGAs are fabricated on a 0.13-micron CMOS process with a 4-input look-up table (LUT) based logic element, embedded M4K RAM blocks, and dedicated I/O structures supporting LVTTL, LVCMOS, PCI, and other common single-ended standards. Key features of the EP1C3T10017N include 2,910 LEs, 13 embedded M4K RAM blocks (58,848 total RAM bits), one PLL providing clock multiplication, division, and phase shifting, and up to 65 user I/O pins across 4 I/O banks. The device supports configuration via passive serial (PS), active serial (AS) with an Altera configuration device, or JTAG. The TQFP-100 (1.0 mm pitch, 14x14 mm body) package enables low-cost PCB assembly on standard FR-4 substrates without the need for advanced HDI stack-ups. The Cyclone LE architecture combines a 4-input LUT with a configurable register, allowing each LE to implement either combinational logic or a flip-flop. Embedded multiplier blocks (in larger Cyclone variants) and the distributed M4K memory blocks provide on-chip storage for FIFO buffers, look-up tables, and small data caches. The single PLL block supports output frequencies up to several hundred MHz and can deskew external clocks, generate multiple phase-related domains, or compensate for board-level skew. Typical applications for the EP1C3T10017N include consumer-electronics glue logic, custom interface bridging (I2C/SPI/UART expansion, LCD/LED display controllers), industrial control and sensor aggregation, low-cost prototyping for ASIC replacement, education kits, and legacy system maintenance. Designers often select the EP1C3 for its combination of small footprint, low unit cost, and compatibility with the mature Quartus II design toolchain. When designing with the EP1C3T10017N, pay careful attention to I/O bank voltage compatibility - the device supports separate VREF and VCCIO rails per bank, but mixing 3.3V and 5V TTL inputs on the same bank without proper VCCIO selection can cause long-term reliability issues. Use Quartus II 13.0sp1 or earlier for legacy support, or migrate to a Cyclone IV or Cyclone 10 LP device for new designs. This page consolidates distributor pricing, drop-in same-family alternatives, and practical design notes that go beyond the manufacturer datasheet, helping procurement and FPGA engineers evaluate the EP1C3T10017N for both new and legacy designs.
EP1C3T100C6 - Cyclone FPGA 2910 LE 100-TQFP | Intel / Altera
The Intel / Altera EP1C3T100C6 is a Cyclone-family low-cost Field-Programmable Gate Array (FPGA) containing 2,910 logic elements across 65 LABs (Logic Array Blocks), packaged in a 100-pin TQFP (Thin Quad Flat Pack) and fabricated on a 130 nm CMOS process that operates from a 1.5 V core supply. It is one of the smallest members of the original Cyclone (Cyclone I) family, designed for high-volume, cost-sensitive digital logic applications such as glue logic, I/O expansion, bridging, and simple state-machine control. According to the Altera Cyclone Device Family datasheet (94 pages), the EP1C3T100C6 features a maximum internal operating frequency around 405.2 MHz, up to 59,904 RAM bits of embedded memory, and a single PLL with up to three output clocks for flexible clock management. A Field-Programmable Gate Array (FPGA) is a programmable logic device containing an array of configurable logic blocks (CLBs), programmable interconnect, and I/O cells, all of which can be reconfigured by the user after manufacture. Within the broader semiconductor taxonomy, an FPGA sits between a general-purpose microcontroller and a fixed-function ASIC: faster and more parallel than a microcontroller for parallel data-path tasks, yet cheaper and more flexible than an ASIC at low-to-medium volumes. The Cyclone I family was Altera's first low-cost FPGA line and is hierarchical under: FPGA -> programmable logic device -> logic IC -> integrated circuit -> semiconductor. Key features of the EP1C3T100C6 include 65 user I/O pins on the TQFP-100 package, 1.5 V core voltage with 3.3 V I/O tolerance, 130 nm process technology, JTAG-based in-system programming via the Altera ByteBlaster or USB-Blaster, support for LVTTL, LVCMOS, SSTL-2, and SSTL-3 I/O standards, and an operating junction temperature of 0 C to +85 C (commercial grade, indicated by the C6 speed-grade suffix meaning -6 speed grade, commercial temperature range). The exposed thermal pad on the bottom of the TQFP package helps dissipate the modest power dissipation typical of this small device. From an architectural perspective, the Cyclone I device uses 4-input look-up tables (4-LUTs) as its basic logic element, embedded M4K memory blocks of 4 Kbits each (delivering 13 M4K blocks / ~52 Kbits usable per block family-wide), and a unified interconnect fabric called MultiTrack that minimizes routing congestion. The single PLL provides clock multiplication, division, and phase shifting, which is sufficient for most glue-logic and protocol-bridge designs but limits the device compared to larger Cyclone variants with multiple PLLs. Typical applications include digital I/O expansion for microcontrollers, custom peripheral bridging (UART, SPI, I2C, or parallel bus glue logic), simple video or display timing controllers, low-cost industrial control boards, educational FPGA development platforms, and prototype ASIC replacement for designs later migrating to a structured ASIC or Cyclone II/III/IV. The combination of 100-pin TQFP (hand-solderable and breadboard-friendly via adapter) and Quartus II Web Edition software support makes it a popular choice in academic and maker communities. When designing with the EP1C3T100C6, observe the 1.5 V VCCINT supply and 3.3 V VCCIO I/O supply requirement with proper decoupling (100 nF and 10 uF bulk near each supply pin). Programming via JTAG requires a 10-pin header wired per the Altera ByteBlaster II / USB-Blaster pinout. Unused I/O pins should be left floating or configured as outputs driving low to minimize switching current. This page synthesizes distributor pricing, drop-in pin-compatible Cyclone I alternatives, and practical Quartus II design notes not collected in any single manufacturer document.
EP1C3T100C6N - Cyclone FPGA, 2,910 LEs, 100-TQFP | Altera
The Altera (Intel Programmable Solutions Group) EP1C3T100C6N is a low-cost Cyclone FPGA with 2,910 logic elements, 59,904 RAM bits, and 65 user I/O pins housed in a 100-pin TQFP package. Built on a 0.13 µm SRAM process, it operates from a 1.5 V core supply with separate VCCIO banks supporting multiple I/O standards including LVTTL, LVCMOS, PCI, and LVDS. A Field Programmable Gate Array (FPGA) is a semiconductor device built around an array of configurable logic blocks (CLBs), programmable interconnects, and I/O cells that can be re-programmed after manufacture to implement arbitrary digital logic. Within the broader taxonomy, an FPGA sits at the intersection of programmable logic devices (PLDs) and application-specific integrated circuits (ASICs), offering hardware-level parallelism, reconfigurability, and faster time-to-market than ASICs while delivering higher logic density than CPLDs. Cyclone family parts specifically target cost-sensitive, high-volume applications where ASIC NRE costs cannot be justified. Key features of the EP1C3T100C6N include 13 embedded 18x18 multipliers suited for DSP functions such as FIR filters and FFTs, one PLL providing clock multiplication, phase shifting, and duty-cycle control, and on-chip configuration memory with active serial (AS), passive serial (PS), and JTAG programming modes. The device supports up to 20 global clock networks and hardware multipliers that are essential for digital signal processing pipelines. The Cyclone architecture uses 4-input look-up tables (LUTs) as the fundamental logic element, paired with embedded M4K RAM blocks that can be configured as single-port, dual-port, or FIFO memory. Each M4K block provides 4,608 bits with parity support. The device interfaces with external configuration devices such as the EPCS1/EPCS4 serial flash for active serial configuration, supporting in-system programmability through JTAG. Typical applications include consumer video processing, industrial control logic, automotive infotainment prototypes, low-cost PCI bridging, and educational development platforms. The 100-TQFP package and commercial temperature grade make it especially suitable for prototype boards, evaluation kits, and university labs where through-hole-friendly footprints simplify bring-up. When designing with this part, pay close attention to I/O bank voltage compatibility, as mixing LVTTL and LVCMOS standards requires careful VCCIO assignment per bank. Decoupling requires at least 0.1 µF capacitors near every VCC pin plus bulk capacitors on each supply rail. Unused pins should be configured as inputs with weak pull-ups to reduce inrush current during configuration. This page synthesizes distributor pricing, drop-in Cyclone and competitor alternatives, and practical design notes not found in the manufacturer datasheet, with data verified against the latest web sources as of 2026-09-06.
EP1C3T100C7 - Cyclone 2910 LEs FPGA, 65 I/O, 100-TQFP | Intel
The Intel (formerly Altera) EP1C3T100C7 is a low-cost Cyclone FPGA from the original Cyclone family, delivering 2,910 logic elements and 59,904 RAM bits in a 100-pin TQFP (TQFP-100) package. Manufactured on a 130 nm process and built around a 1.5 V core supply, this Cyclone-I device targets high-volume, cost-sensitive glue-logic and control-plane applications where ASSPs and CPLDs run out of headroom. An FPGA (Field Programmable Gate Array) is a programmable logic device consisting of an array of configurable logic blocks (CLBs), programmable interconnect, and I/O cells, all controlled by a user-defined bitstream. FPGAs sit in the programmable logic hierarchy between simple PLDs/CPLDs (limited gates, fixed architecture) and ASICs (custom silicon, high NRE). Cyclone sits at the low-cost end of the FPGA family tree: SRAM-based look-up tables backed by embedded RAM blocks and PLL-based clock management. Because the bitstream is loaded from an external configuration flash, the same silicon can be re-used across product revisions - a key advantage over fixed-function ASICs. Key Cyclone features include 2,910 LEs, 13 embedded M4K RAM blocks (59,904 total RAM bits, 4 Kbits each), one PLL, and 65 user I/O pins brought out on the 100-TQFP. The device supports LVTTL, LVCMOS, SSTL, and LVDS I/O standards and exposes up to 320.1 MHz internal performance. Configuration is via Altera passive serial (AS), active serial, or JTAG. The part is specified over the commercial 0C to +85C junction range with the C7 speed grade. The Cyclone-I architecture uses 4-input LUTs for combinational logic, dedicated carry chains for fast adders, and LABs (Logic Array Blocks) grouping 10 LEs for efficient routing. Embedded M4K blocks double as true dual-port RAM, simple dual-port RAM, or ROM, enabling FIFOs, lookup tables, and small cache/line buffers inside the fabric. Typical applications include industrial control and machine I/O glue, motor-control co-processors, video format conversion bridges, low-cost display controllers, and replacement of multiple 74-series TTL packages on legacy boards. The 100-TQFP footprint is friendly for hand-prototyping and low-speed signal access on two-layer boards. When designing with Cyclone-I, observe the 1.5 V core rail sequencing (VCCINT must precede or track VCCIO within datasheet limits) and reserve a JTAG header for in-system programming. For new designs today, prefer Cyclone-IV or Cyclone-V, but the EP1C3T100C7 remains in service for long-lifecycle industrial and medical equipment.
EP1C3T100C7N - Cyclone I FPGA, 2,910 LEs, 100-TQFP | Intel
The Intel EP1C3T100C7N is a member of the Cyclone I family of low-cost FPGAs, featuring 2,910 logic elements, 13 M4K RAM blocks (58,896 RAM bits), and one PLL, housed in a 100-pin TQFP package with 65 user I/O pins. Built on a 0.13 µm SRAM process, this device operates from a 1.5 V core supply with a commercial 0 °C to +85 °C junction temperature range and a speed grade of -7. A field-programmable gate array (FPGA) is a semiconductor device built around an array of configurable logic blocks (CLBs) connected via programmable interconnect. FPGAs sit in the programmable-logic hierarchy between simple PLDs and ASICs: they offer higher logic density and richer I/O than CPLDs, while remaining far cheaper and faster to prototype than full-custom ASICs. The Cyclone I family targets cost-sensitive, low-to-mid-volume designs where an MCU is too rigid and an ASIC is uneconomical. Key features of the EP1C3T100C7N include 2,910 logic elements, 58,896 bits of embedded RAM, 1 phase-locked loop for clock management, and support for LVDS, LVTTL, LVCMOS, SSTL-2, and SSTL-3 I/O standards. The 100-pin TQFP package is a thin, plastic surface-mount format with a 0.5 mm lead pitch, well-suited to hand-prototyping, low-speed production runs, and educational platforms where fine-pitch BGA handling is impractical. The architecture pairs four-input look-up tables (LUTs) with embedded memory, allowing each LE to be configured as either combinational logic or a small shift register. The single PLL supports clock multiplication, division, and phase shift, enabling reliable timing closure on designs up to roughly 100 MHz system clock. The device is SRAM-based, so configuration must be reloaded at every power-up from a serial configuration flash such as the EPCS1 or EPCS4. Typical applications for the EP1C3T100C7N include industrial control glue logic, legacy MRO replacement of obsolete ASICs, education and training boards, low-volume I/O expansion bridges, and protocol conversion such as UART-to-SPI or parallel-to-LVDS. The 100-TQFP package makes it a popular choice on dev kits and university lab cards where through-hole-friendly QFP footprints simplify rework. When designing with this part, note that the Cyclone I family is mature: Intel recommends migrating to Cyclone IV or Cyclone V for new designs, but the EP1C3T100C7N remains widely available in the distribution channel for sustaining legacy products. Always load the configuration bitstream from an external serial flash at every power-up; the FPGA has no built-in non-volatile memory. This page synthesizes distributor pricing, drop-in Cyclone I alternatives, and practical design notes - including JTAG chain and configuration flash guidance - that go beyond the datasheet bullet list to support engineers sustaining legacy Cyclone I designs.
EP1C3T100C8 - Cyclone FPGA 2,910 LEs TQFP-100 | Intel | EOL
The Intel (formerly Altera) EP1C3T100C8 is a member of the original Cyclone FPGA family built on a 1.5 V core, 0.13 µm SRAM process, delivering 2,910 logic elements and 59,904 RAM bits in a 100-pin TQFP package with 65 user I/O pins. The device runs at an internal speed grade of -8 (commercial, slowest of the Cyclone I speed grades), and supports LVTTL, LVCMOS, SSTL-2, SSTL-3, LVDS, and RSDS I/O standards for flexible digital interfacing. A field-programmable gate array (FPGA) is a semiconductor IC containing an array of configurable logic blocks (CLBs), programmable routing, and dedicated hard IP such as block RAM, PLLs, and I/O serdes. FPGAs occupy the middle ground between fixed-function ASICs and software-driven microcontrollers: the silicon is generic, but designers define every flip-flop, LUT, and interconnect at compile time using HDL bitstreams. Within the broader taxonomy, the EP1C3T100C8 sits at FPGA & CPLD > programmable logic > semiconductor IC. Key specifications include 13 M4K RAM blocks (4 Kbits each, plus 512 parity bits) totaling 59,904 memory bits, one general-purpose PLL for clock synthesis and phase shifting, embedded multipliers are not present on EP1C3 devices, and 65 LVDS-pair-capable or 3.3 V-tolerant user I/Os. Configuration is supported via active serial (AS), passive serial (PS), and JTAG modes, allowing the device to boot from low-cost EPCS configuration memories or be programmed in-circuit through the JTAG header. Architecture-wise, the Cyclone I family uses 4-input look-up tables (LUT4) per logic element with a dedicated register and carry chain for arithmetic, plus per-LAB control signals. The 0.13 µm process with copper interconnect minimizes dynamic power, while the 1.5 V core VCCINT keeps static leakage low for cost-sensitive, high-volume applications. Die size and routing density are tuned for designs in the 2K-3K LE range such as glue logic, I/O expansion, custom peripherals, and protocol bridges. Typical applications include industrial control glue logic, low-cost I/O expansion and bridging (UART/SPI/I2C to parallel), legacy peripheral replacement, motor-control co-processors, educational and prototyping boards, video/display formatting front-ends, and consumer-electronics glue functions where a small, deterministic logic device replaces discrete 74-series logic. The EP1C3T100C8 is also widely used as a firmware-controlled test fixture controller in production lines. Designers should note that this device is EOL with last-time-buy status per Intel PDN1810; new designs are directed to Cyclone IV, Cyclone V, or Cyclone 10 families. For existing production, ensure the 1.5 V core is generated by a low-noise LDO and that JTAG chain integrity is verified before in-system programming. I/O bank VCCIO must be matched to the driven/receiving logic level (1.5 V, 1.8 V, 2.5 V, or 3.3 V) to prevent bus contention and long-term reliability issues. This page synthesizes distributor pricing, parametric alternatives from the same Cyclone I family, and practical EOL-avoidance guidance not consolidated on any single manufacturer or distributor page.
EP1C3T100C8N - Cyclone FPGA, 2910 LEs, 65 I/O, TQFP-100 | Intel
The Intel (formerly Altera) EP1C3T100C8N is a low-cost Cyclone FPGA from the first-generation Cyclone family, delivering 2,910 logic elements, 59,904 RAM bits, and 65 user I/Os in a 100-pin TQFP package. Manufactured on a 130-nm CMOS process, the device operates from a 1.425 V to 1.575 V core supply and supports up to 275 MHz internal operation with embedded PLL clock management. What is a Cyclone FPGA? The Cyclone family is Intel FPGA's low-cost, high-volume programmable logic series, positioned below the Stratix high-performance family in the FPGA hierarchy: FPGA -> SRAM-based programmable logic -> programmable logic device (PLD) -> digital logic IC. Cyclone parts target glue-logic, bus bridging, and DSP pre/post-processing in cost-sensitive designs where the high-end Stratix I/O bandwidth and transceivers are unnecessary. The 'N' suffix indicates lead-free, RoHS-compliant packaging. Key features include 2,910 logic elements organized into 291 logic array blocks (LABs), 13 embedded 4-Kbit M4K RAM blocks totaling ~60 Kbits, one PLL per device with up to four output taps, support for LVDS, LVTTL, LVCMOS, SSTL, and PCI I/O standards, and in-system programmability through the passive serial (PS), fast passive parallel (FPP), or JTAG configuration interfaces. The TQFP-100 footprint simplifies PCB layout for low-density designs. Architecturally, the EP1C3T100C8N uses a 4-input look-up table (LUT) based logic element with embedded carry chains for arithmetic and dedicated M4K memory blocks. The single PLL provides clock multiplication, division, and phase shift for up to three or four output clocks, sufficient for basic DDR memory interfaces and standard video/serializer timing. Typical applications include low-cost video processing, industrial control logic, consumer electronics glue logic, education and prototyping platforms, and serial protocol bridging (UART, SPI, I2C). The part is widely used in legacy designs that pre-date Cyclone II/III/IV migration; many production designs still rely on the EP1C3 due to its low unit cost and long-term Intel supply commitment. Design consideration: The EP1C3 uses a 1.5 V core and requires a separate configuration memory or download cable for in-system programming. Plan for the 1.5 V regulator (e.g., a small LDO) and a JTAG header on the PCB. Signal integrity at 100+ MHz requires impedance-controlled traces on the LVDS pairs. This page synthesizes distributor pricing, drop-in alternatives from the same Cyclone family, and practical design notes not collected in the manufacturer datasheet.
EP1C3T100CB - Cyclone FPGA 2,910 LEs, 100-TQFP | Altera
The Altera (Intel) EP1C3T100CB is a member of the first-generation Cyclone FPGA family fabricated on a 0.13 µm SRAM process, delivering 2,910 logic elements in a 100-pin TQFP package. It integrates 59,904 bits of embedded RAM and provides up to 65 user I/O pins, targeting cost-sensitive applications where PLD-level logic density is required without the cost of high-end FPGAs. A Field-Programmable Gate Array (FPGA) is a semiconductor device built around an array of configurable logic blocks (CLBs), programmable routing, and dedicated I/O cells that can be re-programmed in-system to implement arbitrary digital logic. FPGAs sit at the top of the programmable logic hierarchy alongside CPLDs, and are widely used as prototyping vehicles, glue logic, DSP accelerators, and pre-silicon verification platforms. The Cyclone family occupies the low-cost end of that hierarchy, optimized for ASIC replacement in volume production. Key features of the EP1C3T100CB include 2,910 logic elements, 13 embedded 4-Kbit M4K RAM blocks (totalling 59,904 RAM bits), one PLL for clock management, and a flexible I/O structure supporting LVTTL, LVCMOS, SSTL-2, and SSTL-3 standards. Configuration is loaded through an industry-standard passive-serial, active-serial, or JTAG interface, enabling fast in-system programming. The 100-pin TQFP (1.0 mm pitch, 14 × 14 mm body) provides a 65-pin user I/O count after subtracting JTAG, configuration, power, and ground pins. The architecture is based on a four-input look-up table (LUT) fabric with embedded multiplier-free DSP-style logic and dedicated carry chains for arithmetic. Embedded RAM blocks can be configured as simple dual-port, true dual-port, or FIFO memory, supporting buffer and small-packet processing tasks. The Cyclone series pioneered Altera's low-cost FPGA positioning that later evolved into the Cyclone II, III, IV, and V families on finer process nodes. Typical applications include industrial control logic, low-density glue logic, communications protocol bridging, consumer electronics display controllers, and pre-silicon ASIC prototyping. The 100-TQFP package makes it suitable for through-hole-friendly prototyping boards and low-volume production assemblies that do not require BGA-level integration. When designing with this part, note that it is in production but classified as a mature-product line; new designs should compare it against Cyclone II, III, or Cyclone IV equivalents for long-term availability. Configuration data must be loaded at every power-up from an external flash memory or download cable.
EP1C3T100CN8 - Cyclone FPGA 3K LEs 100-TQFP | Altera (Intel PSG)
The Altera (Intel Programmable Solutions Group) EP1C3T100CN8 is a member of the original Cyclone FPGA family, delivering 2,910 logic elements in a 100-pin TQFP package with up to 65 user I/O pins and 59,904 RAM bits. Operating from a 1.5 V core supply, the device is built on a 0.13 µm SRAM-based FPGA fabric and is offered in a commercial 0 °C to 85 °C temperature grade with -8 speed bin performance. What is an FPGA? An FPGA (Field-Programmable Gate Array) is a semiconductor device containing programmable logic blocks, configurable interconnect, and programmable I/O cells that engineers can configure after manufacturing to implement custom digital circuits. FPGAs occupy the tier between CPLDs (smaller, non-volatile) and ASICs (custom, high-NRE), making them ideal for prototyping, low-volume production, and applications requiring hardware-level parallelism. The Altera Cyclone family sits in the low-cost, high-volume segment, optimized for price-sensitive designs. Key features of the EP1C3T100CN8 include two PLLs for clock management, dedicated 18×18 multipliers (originally marketed under the DSP block branding), and support for LVTTL, LVCMOS, SSTL-2, and SSTL-3 I/O standards. The device supports configuration via passive serial (PS), JTAG, and Altera-specific configuration schemes, and integrates Altera's Quartus II design suite for synthesis, place-and-route, and timing closure. Technically, the Cyclone architecture pairs 4-input look-up-tables (LUTs) with embedded memory blocks (M4K blocks) and distributed multiplier resources. The 100-pin TQFP package provides moderate I/O count with surface-mount manufacturability but limits total pin count compared to BGA-packaged Cyclone variants, so it is typically chosen for I/O-light glue logic, control planes, and industrial interface bridging. Typical applications include industrial control and bridging, low-cost video processing front-ends, peripheral expansion in embedded systems, glue logic replacing discrete MSI parts, and education/hobby platforms. Designers choose the EP1C3T100CN8 over larger Cyclone devices when logic requirements fit within 3K LEs and the TQFP package simplifies assembly. Design consideration: this part is NRND/EOL per Intel PSG's Cyclone legacy notice — verify lifetime-buy windows and consider modern Cyclone IV/V/10 equivalents for new designs. Always validate timing closure at the chosen speed grade against target fMAX. This page synthesizes distributor inventory, drop-in same-package alternatives, and practical design context that goes beyond the manufacturer datasheet front matter, helping engineers source and apply the EP1C3T100CN8 quickly.
EP1C3T100I7 - 2910 LE Cyclone FPGA, 100-TQFP, Industrial | Intel
The Intel EP1C3T100I7 is a low-cost Cyclone FPGA from the Cyclone I family, integrating 2910 logic elements, 59904 bits of embedded RAM, and 65 user I/Os in a 100-pin TQFP package. Built on a 130 nm process with a 1.5 V core supply, the device supports up to 320.1 MHz internal operation and is offered in an industrial temperature grade (-40C to +100C). The EP1C3T100I7 carries the speed grade 7 designation, indicating a balance of timing margin and power consumption suitable for general-purpose logic integration. A Cyclone FPGA belongs to the field-programmable gate array (FPGA) family, a class of programmable logic devices (PLDs) that allow designers to configure digital logic, memory blocks, and I/O behavior after PCB fabrication. Within the system hierarchy, an FPGA sits between a microcontroller (fixed instruction set, software-defined behavior) and an ASIC (fully custom silicon, no post-fabrication changes). The Cyclone I family was introduced by Altera (later acquired by Intel) in 2002 as a low-cost alternative to the Stratix family, targeting consumer, industrial, and communication applications where deterministic parallel logic was preferred over software execution. Key features include 2910 logic elements distributed across 291 LABs (Logic Array Blocks), 13 embedded M4K RAM blocks totaling 59904 bits, one PLL for clock management, and 65 user I/Os. The device supports LVTTL, LVCMOS, SSTL-2, and SSTL-3 I/O standards, and is configured via a serial configuration device such as the EPC2 or EPCS family. The 100-pin TQFP package provides a 1.0 mm lead pitch suitable for standard 4-layer PCB designs with no need for microvia or HDI processes. Architecture-wise, the Cyclone I uses a 4-input look-up table (LUT) based logic fabric with embedded multiplier support for DSP operations, although the EP1C3T100I7 has a limited number of 9x9 multipliers. The device is configured from an external flash memory at power-up, after which it operates deterministically according to the loaded bitstream. The I7 industrial speed grade and -40C to +100C operating range make it suitable for factory automation, motor control, and protocol bridging in environments beyond commercial temperature ranges. Typical applications include glue logic replacement, custom interface bridging (UART to SPI, I2C to parallel), low-density video processing, industrial sensor aggregation, and education/hobby designs. The wide Quartus II tool support and abundant reference designs make it accessible for prototyping. When designing with the EP1C3T100I7, allocate configuration flash memory (EPCS1 or larger) and respect the 1.5 V core / 3.3 V I/O supply separation. Note that this part is part of an older generation; long-term availability should be confirmed before new designs. This page synthesizes distributor pricing, drop-in same-family alternatives (such as the EP1C3T100I7N and EP1C3T100C8N), and practical design considerations not collected on any single datasheet or distributor listing.
EP1C3T100I7N - Cyclone I FPGA, 2910 LE, 100-TQFP | Intel
The Intel (Altera) EP1C3T100I7N is a low-cost Cyclone® I Field Programmable Gate Array (FPGA) containing 2,910 logic elements, 59,904 RAM bits, and 65 user I/Os in a 100-pin TQFP package. Built on a 0.13 µm SRAM process, it operates with a core voltage of 1.5 V and supports industrial temperature ranges, making it a proven entry-level programmable logic device for cost-sensitive designs. A Field Programmable Gate Array (FPGA) is a semiconductor device built around an array of configurable logic blocks (CLBs), programmable interconnect, and I/O cells, allowing hardware engineers to implement custom digital circuits after fabrication. FPGAs sit hierarchically between ASICs (fixed-function, high-NRE) and microcontrollers (software-defined, lower throughput), offering hardware-level parallelism with no NRE cost. Cyclone I is Intel's (formerly Altera's) first-generation low-cost FPGA family, optimized for volume production in consumer, industrial, and communications applications. Key specifications include 2,910 logic elements organized into 291 Logic Array Blocks (LABs), 13 embedded 18×18 multipliers, one PLL per device, and 59,904 bits of embedded SRAM arranged as M4K blocks. The 100-pin TQFP package exposes 65 user I/Os that support multiple I/O standards including LVTTL, LVCMOS, SSTL, and PCI, and the device supports both 3.3 V/64-bit and 66 MHz PCI standards. A single enhanced configuration block supports multiple boot modes including JTAG, Active Serial, and Passive Serial. The Cyclone I architecture employs a four-input look-up table (LUT) logic element with a dedicated carry chain for arithmetic operations and a register that can be configured as D, T, JK, or SR flip-flop. Multipliers are implemented as hard 18×18 blocks to accelerate DSP functions such as FIR filters and FFT butterflies. Embedded M4K RAM blocks each provide 4 Kbits of true dual-port memory at up to 200 MHz operation. Typical applications of the EP1C3T100I7N include consumer electronics glue logic, industrial control interfaces, low-resolution video processing, I/O expansion and bridging, and digital signal processing front-ends. The combination of small logic density, low unit cost (around $21 USD on the open market as of 2026-09-06), and a 100-pin TQFP that is hand-solderable and breadboard-friendly makes it especially well suited to prototype and legacy production designs. When designing with this device, allocate the global clock network carefully because Cyclone I has only one or two PLLs and eight global clock lines; for multi-clock designs, use regional clock resources or instantiate a clock divider in the fabric. The 100-pin TQFP exposes no high-speed transceiver (no LVDS SERDES), so high-bandwidth serial links must be implemented in soft logic. This page synthesizes distributor pricing, drop-in Cyclone I alternatives from the same Intel/Altera family, and PCB design notes not consolidated in the original Cyclone I datasheet.
EP1C3T100I8N - Cyclone FPGA 2910 LEs, 100-TQFP | Intel (Altera)
The Intel (formerly Altera) EP1C3T100I8N is a member of the original Cyclone FPGA family, delivering 2,910 logic elements on a 130 nm process node with a core voltage of 1.5 V, packaged in a 100-pin TQFP. It is the lowest-density member of the Cyclone family and is targeted at glue-logic, control-plane, and cost-sensitive programmable applications. A Field-Programmable Gate Array (FPGA) is a programmable logic device that lets engineers implement arbitrary digital logic via a hardware description language, then reconfigure the silicon after PCB assembly. FPGAs sit in the broader hierarchy of programmable logic -> logic IC -> integrated circuit -> semiconductor. The Cyclone family was Altera's first low-cost FPGA line and is part of the long-running Cyclone (Cyclone -> Cyclone II -> Cyclone III -> Cyclone IV -> Cyclone V) lineage that continues to serve high-volume applications. Key features of the EP1C3T100I8N include 2,910 logic elements, 58,904 bits of embedded RAM, 1 PLL, and a maximum user I/O count of 65. The device operates from a 1.5 V core supply with PLL support for clock multiplication, and supports LVTTL, LVCMOS, SSTL-2, and SSTL-3 I/O standards, making it suitable for SDRAM and generic parallel interfaces. Industrial temperature grade (-40C to +100C) and the lead-free TQFP-100 package support both commercial and industrial end products. The Cyclone architecture uses SRAM-based configuration cells and 4-input look-up tables (LUTs). Each logic element contains one 4-input LUT, a programmable register, and a carry chain for fast arithmetic. Embedded M4K memory blocks (4 Kbits each, plus 512 parity bits) deliver true dual-port operation at up to 200 MHz, enabling on-chip buffering for FIFOs, packet headers, and DSP coefficient storage. Typical applications for the EP1C3T100I8N include video/image processing front-ends, communication protocol bridging, and industrial motor-control signal conditioning. The PLL combined with abundant I/O makes it attractive for glue logic that replaces multiple 74-series TTL parts and CPLDs on legacy boards. When designing with this device, ensure configuration data is loaded from a compatible EPC serial configuration device, and respect the 1.5 V VCCINT requirement. The 100-pin TQFP package is lead-free and supports standard SMT reflow; use JTAG (10-pin header) for in-system programming and boundary-scan test. This page synthesizes Intel/Altera Cyclone FPGA datasheet excerpts, current distributor pricing as of 2026-09-06, drop-in same-package Cyclone family alternatives, and practical design notes not collated on a single manufacturer page.
EP1C3T144C6 - Cyclone I FPGA, 2,910 LEs, 144-TQFP | Altera
The Altera (Intel) EP1C3T144C6 is a Cyclone I family Field-Programmable Gate Array (FPGA) housed in a 144-pin TQFP package with 104 user I/Os, built on a 1.5 V core, 0.13 µm SRAM process. It contains 2,910 logic elements arranged in 291 logic array blocks (LABs), supported by 59,904 bits of embedded RAM and a single embedded 18-bit x 18-bit multiplier block. The device is offered in the commercial -6 speed grade and is qualified for 0 °C to +85 °C operation. An FPGA (Field-Programmable Gate Array) is a reprogrammable logic device that bridges the gap between fixed-function ASICs and discrete glue logic. Architecturally, an FPGA sits within the programmable logic hierarchy as: programmable logic device (PLD) -> FPGA -> SRAM-based FPGA -> Cyclone family. The Cyclone I family specifically targets low-cost, high-volume applications such as digital signal processing bridges, custom peripheral controllers, and protocol converters, offering ASIC-like integration with the design flexibility of in-system programmability. Key features that distinguish EP1C3T144C6 include 13 M4K RAM blocks (each 4 Kbit plus parity), a configuration scheme supporting JTAG, Active Serial (AS), and Passive Serial (PS) modes with the EPC2 configuration device family, and dual-purpose clock pins that can drive up to 8 global clock networks. The PLLs are not available on the smallest Cyclone I members, and this device contains zero embedded PLLs, so all clock management is handled by global clock trees and dedicated clock pin inputs. I/O standards supported include LVTTL, LVCMOS, SSTL-2, SSTL-3, and PCI, with the TQFP-144 package providing the largest 104-I/O option in the EP1C3 density. Typical applications span digital video processing front-ends, industrial motor-control state machines, custom bus bridges (e.g., legacy-to-PCI bridging), and prototype ASIC replacement. The Cyclone I architecture is also widely used in cost-sensitive education platforms and reference designs where Quartus II design flow is already in place. The -6 speed grade is the fastest commercial speed grade in the family, suiting timing-critical glue logic. When designing with the EP1C3T144C6, ensure the 1.5 V core supply is decoupled with 0.1 µF and 10 µF capacitors placed as close to each VCCINT/VCCIO pair as the 144-TQFP pinout allows. JTAG chain integrity must be preserved during in-system programming by buffering TCK with a series resistor to suppress reflections. Designers should verify I/O bank voltage compatibility before assigning pins because the EP1C3T144 has four I/O banks, each capable of supporting a different I/O standard independently.
EP1C3T144C6N - Cyclone 2910-LE FPGA, 144-pin TQFP | Intel
The Intel EP1C3T144C6N is a Cyclone FPGA from the Cyclone I family with 2910 logic elements, 59904 total memory bits, and 104 user I/Os, packaged in a 144-pin TQFP (T144). It is built on a 130 nm process technology, runs at up to 405.2 MHz internal operation, and operates from a 1.5 V core supply. A Field Programmable Gate Array (FPGA) is a semiconductor integrated circuit that can be configured by the customer or designer after manufacturing. FPGAs sit in the programmable logic device (PLD) hierarchy above simple PLDs and CPLDs because they contain programmable logic blocks, programmable interconnects, and configurable I/O cells. The Cyclone family specifically targets low-cost, high-volume applications where ASIC-like performance is needed without the NRE costs of an ASIC. Key features include 2910 logic elements, 59904 bits of embedded memory, 104 user I/O pins, and 13 embedded 18x18 multipliers for DSP functions. The part supports configuration via serial configuration devices or JTAG, and includes phase-locked loops for clock management. Operating temperature range spans 0C to +85C in the commercial grade (C6 speed grade) variant. The Cyclone I architecture uses a 4-input lookup table (LUT) per logic element, embedded memory blocks (M4K) configurable as RAM, ROM, or FIFO, and dedicated multiplier blocks for digital signal processing. The 130 nm process delivers low static power consumption while still supporting high toggle rates, and the TQFP-144 package provides easy prototyping with standard solder reflow processes. Typical applications include industrial control logic, consumer electronics glue logic, video processing pipelines, communications protocol bridging, and educational FPGA development platforms. Its combination of moderate logic density and low unit cost makes it well-suited for moderate-complexity glue logic and low-volume ASIC replacement designs. When designing with this device, plan for an external configuration device (EPCS) or JTAG programmer. The TQFP-144 footprint allows hand-soldering and breadboard-style prototyping on through-hole adapter boards, which is ideal for lab and educational work. For new designs, however, consider newer Cyclone IV or Cyclone V families because Cyclone I is in mature lifecycle and may carry supply constraints. This page consolidates distributor pricing, drop-in package alternatives, and design guidance not found in the manufacturer datasheet alone, helping engineers quickly evaluate the EP1C3T144C6N for both new designs and legacy board repair.
EP1C3T144C7 - 2910-LAB Cyclone FPGA, 104 I/O, LQFP-144
The Altera EP1C3T144C7 is a Cyclone field-programmable gate array with 2,910 logic elements, 104 user I/O, and a maximum stated frequency of 320.1 MHz, supplied in a 144-pin gull-wing LQFP package. It operates from a 1.5 V core supply, making it a programmable-logic device for embedded control, interface, communications, and signal-processing designs where configurable parallel logic is preferable to a fixed application-specific integrated circuit. A field-programmable gate array is a digital semiconductor whose configurable logic blocks, embedded memory, and I/O resources are configured after manufacture. FPGAs occupy a position between fixed logic ICs and programmable microcontrollers: they provide parallel hardware flexibility, deterministic I/O timing, and reconfigurable architectures. The Cyclone family uses a 0.13 µm SRAM process according to the retrieved family documentation and scales to 20,060 logic elements and 288 Kbits of RAM, although the exact EP1C3T144C7 resource details must be confirmed against its datasheet. The verified distributor data identifies 2,910 logic elements, 104 I/O, 2910 cells, a 320.1 MHz maximum frequency, 1.5 V supply, and a 144-LQFP package. One secondary source reports a 59,904-bit device identifier, while another product overview indicates 2,910 LEs and a broader 1.5 V to 3.3 V operating-supply range. Because the verified excerpts do not establish pin-level bank voltages, memory capacity, temperature grade, or every timing boundary, those details remain subject to manufacturer-documentation review. EP1C3T144C7 is suited to industrial and embedded prototypes requiring numerous general-purpose I/O, moderate logic capacity, and deterministic configurable logic. Potential uses include programmable I/O expansion, legacy interface bridging, control logic, industrial automation, instrumentation, and embedded communications. Its 104 I/O provide substantial board-level connectivity, while the LQFP-144 package is convenient for prototype boards and manual inspection. Designers should treat an FPGA replacement as a hardware, toolchain, and timing problem rather than a simple procurement substitution. Confirm the exact package pinout, supported I/O standards, bank supply domains, configuration scheme, clock requirements, and Quartus-compatible device support before layout release. Do not assume that another FPGA with a similar package is pin-compatible merely because both use 144 pins. This page combines the verified distributor specifications, sourced replacement data, and procurement guidance. Because the available search results do not provide complete electrical tables or a complete pin map, unverified values are explicitly marked rather than inferred. Final release should be based on the manufacturer datasheet and successful timing, power, and configuration validation.
EP1C3T144C7N - 2,910 LEs Cyclone FPGA 144-LQFP | Intel
The Intel (formerly Altera) EP1C3T144C7N is a Cyclone® family Field Programmable Gate Array (FPGA) with 2,910 logic elements, 59,904 RAM bits, and 104 user I/Os in a 144-pin LQFP package (T144). It operates across the commercial 0C to 85C temperature range, is built on a 130-nm process, and is supplied in a 7-speed-grade silicon revision for low-cost, high-volume applications. A Field Programmable Gate Array (FPGA) is a reconfigurable integrated circuit built from a matrix of programmable logic blocks (LEs), interconnect, and embedded memory that engineers can configure after manufacture to implement any digital logic function. In the power-management hierarchy, FPGAs sit alongside processors, ASICs, and ASSPs as the highest-flexibility programmable logic option, typically after the voltage regulator and clock tree in a system block diagram. The Cyclone series targets cost-sensitive, high-volume designs where ASIC NRE is not amortisable. Key features include 2,910 logic elements, 59,904 embedded RAM bits, one PLL per device, 104 user I/Os (LVTTL/LVCMOS, SSTL, LVDS capable), and support for external memory interfaces such as DDR SDRAM and QDR SRAM. The 144-LQFP package offers a 1.0 mm lead pitch and an exposed thermal pad for improved heat dissipation in surface-mount reflow profiles, enabling hand-reworkable prototypes and production volumes alike. Architecturally, the Cyclone LE combines a 4-input look-up table (LUT) with a programmable register and dedicated carry chain. Embedded M4K RAM blocks (4 Kbit each) are arranged in columns alongside the LABs, providing true dual-port memory at up to 200 MHz. Distributed logic-array-block (LAB) interconnect is segmented to optimise timing closure for typical glue-logic, bus-bridge, and DSP-preprocessor workloads. Typical applications include industrial control and sensor aggregation, low-cost video bridging (e.g., ITU-R BT.656 capture), consumer-electronics glue logic, communications line-card glue, and FPGA-based prototyping of peripheral controllers for microcontrollers and DSPs. Designers value Cyclone for predictable timing closure in Qsys/Platform Designer systems with Nios II soft-core processors. Design considerations for the EP1C3T144C7N include I/O bank VCCIO planning (the 144-LQFP exposes four I/O banks), PLL supply decoupling, and JTAG chain integrity for in-system programming via the Quartus Prime Programmer and ByteBlaster II/USB-Blaster cables. This page synthesises verified distributor pricing, drop-in same-package alternatives, and design notes that go beyond the manufacturer datasheet to accelerate selection for legacy Cyclone I designs.
EP1C3T144C8 - Cyclone FPGA, 2910 LEs, 144-LQFP | Intel / Altera
The Intel (formerly Altera) EP1C3T144C8 is a member of the first-generation Cyclone FPGA family built on a 1.5 V, 0.13 µm SRAM process, delivering 2,910 logic elements across 144 pins in a 144-LQFP surface-mount package. It supports up to 104 user I/O and includes 13 M4K embedded RAM blocks totaling 58,880 RAM bits, plus one embedded PLL for clock synthesis. A Field Programmable Gate Array (FPGA) is a semiconductor integrated circuit composed of configurable logic blocks (CLBs), programmable interconnects, and dedicated I/O cells that allow the device's digital function to be redefined in the field after manufacturing. Within the broader programmable logic taxonomy, an FPGA sits between a CPLD (lower density, non-volatile) and an ASIC (higher density, fixed function), and is itself a member of the larger family of programmable logic devices (PLDs). Cyclone FPGAs specifically target low-cost, high-volume applications where ASIC-like performance is needed without the NRE cost. Key features of the EP1C3T144C8 include commercial temperature grade (0 °C to +85 °C), 8 ns speed grade (-8), 0.13 µm process node with built-in DDR SDRAM support, and configuration via JTAG or Altera serial/parallel configuration schemes. The 144-LQFP (Low-profile Quad Flat Pack) package provides gull-wing leads and 1.4 mm package height for hand-solder-friendly prototyping. The Cyclone architecture uses 4-input LUTs combined with dedicated carry chains for arithmetic, and each M4K RAM block can implement true dual-port, simple dual-port, or single-port memory with parity. The single PLL supports output frequencies up to 400 MHz with coarse and fine-grained phase shifting. Together these features make the EP1C3T144C8 sufficient for glue logic, simple state machines, and basic video/imaging pipelines. Typical applications include industrial control logic, low-cost display controllers, consumer electronics glue logic, sensor pre-processing front-ends, and education/CPLD-style development platforms. The device is widely used as a bridge between a microcontroller and high-speed peripherals such as parallel ADCs or LCD panels. When designing with the EP1C3T144C8, note that it has been classified NRND/EOL by Intel - new designs should evaluate Cyclone IV E (EP4CE6E22) or Lattice ECP5 as a migration target. Configuration data must be loaded from external Flash, JTAG, or Altera EPCS serial loader on every power-up. This page synthesizes distributor pricing, drop-in same-package alternatives, and practical design notes not collected in any single manufacturer datasheet - notably the EP1C3T144Cx speed-grade ladder and the available same-footprint temperature/speed variants.
EP1C3T144C8GA - Cyclone FPGA, 2910 LE, 104 I/O | Altera
The Altera (Intel Programmable Solutions Group) EP1C3T144C8GA is a Cyclone field-programmable gate array (FPGA) in a 144-lead LQFP package, providing 2910 logic elements, 59,904 RAM bits and 104 user I/O pins with a 1.425 V to 1.575 V core supply. This entry was verified from distributor listings that identify the device as a Cyclone FPGA and classify it Obsolete for new designs, but stock remains available from multiple sources as of 2026-09-06. An FPGA (field-programmable gate array) is a reconfigurable integrated circuit whose logic fabric is programmed after manufacturing using an HDL bitstream, placing it in the programmable logic device branch of the integrated-circuit hierarchy. Within that hierarchy, the Cyclone family is an entry-level, cost-optimized FPGA product line intended for low- to mid-density glue logic, I/O expansion and controller tasks. The EP1C3 sits near the low end of the Cyclone range, making it useful for designs needing modest logic and I/O resources without moving to large SoC-class FPGAs. Key verified specifications include 2910 logic elements divided into 291 LABs/CLBs, 59,904 total RAM bits, 104 user I/O pins, a core supply range of 1.425 V to 1.575 V, and an operating junction temperature range of 0 °C to 85 °C. The device is supplied in a 144-pin LQFP package with surface-mount packaging in tray media, and its verified product status is Obsolete on several distributor listings. The high I/O-to-logic ratio makes this part especially suitable for pin-intensive control and interface designs. The Cyclone architecture groups logic into LABs and embeds memory blocks in the same die, allowing state machines, small FIFOs and simple processors to be implemented in a single device. Because the part is SRAM-based, it must be configured at every power-up from an external configuration source. The 104 I/O pins can support parallel buses, low-speed serial interfaces and discrete control lines, while the 1.425 V to 1.575 V core supply reflects an early low-voltage FPGA power rail. Typical uses for the EP1C3T144C8GA include industrial control I/O, protocol bridging, display glue logic, medical monitoring front-end logic, IoT edge signal conditioning, and replacement of legacy programmable logic. With 2910 logic elements, designers can fit PID controllers, quadrature decoders, UART/SPI/I2C bridges and small custom peripherals. The commercial 0 °C to 85 °C junction rating covers most indoor and industrial cabinet environments, although extended-temperature applications should use an industrial-grade variant. When designing with this FPGA, carefully decouple the 1.425 V to 1.575 V core rail and provide a dedicated configuration clock and configuration device. Verify the exact 144-pin LQFP pin mapping from the manufacturer datasheet before laying out the PCB, because the verified web data does not reproduce the full pin table. The GA suffix and ordering code should also be validated against your assembly supplier’s RoHS or lead-free requirements. This page synthesizes distributor stock details, same-family drop-in alternatives, application passages and practical design notes that are not repeated in the manufacturer datasheet. Pricing is not shown because no verified distributor price was captured for this obsolete MPN.
EP1C3T144C8N - Cyclone 2910 LE FPGA, 104 I/O, 144-TQFP | Altera
The Altera EP1C3T144C8N is a member of the first-generation Cyclone FPGA family, delivering 2,910 logic elements, 59,904 RAM bits, and 104 user I/Os in a 144-pin TQFP package. It is built on a 1.5 V core CMOS process with support for I/O standards from 1.5 V to 3.3 V, and runs at internal speeds up to 275 MHz. The integrated PLL and on-chip memory blocks make it suitable for cost-sensitive digital logic, glue logic, and bridge designs where an ASIC would be uneconomical. An FPGA (Field-Programmable Gate Array) is a programmable semiconductor that belongs to the broader hierarchy of logic ICs > programmable logic > PLD (programmable logic device) > integrated circuit > semiconductor. Unlike a fixed-function ASIC, an FPGA's logic fabric and routing are configured by the designer after manufacture via an SRAM bitstream, which makes it ideal for prototyping, low-volume production, and designs that need frequent revisions. The Cyclone family sits at the cost-optimized, low-power end of the FPGA market, sharing architectural roots with the Cyclone II/IV/10 families. Key features of the EP1C3T144C8N include 2,910 logic elements, 13 embedded M4K RAM blocks providing up to 59,904 RAM bits, two PLLs for clock management, multi-standard I/O support (LVTTL, LVCMOS, SSTL, PCI), and a dedicated configuration interface with JTAG. The device supports both passive serial (PS) and active serial (AS) configuration modes using an Altera EPCS serial configuration device, and includes on-chip pull-up resistors during configuration for reliable board bring-up. The Cyclone architecture pairs a 4-input LUT-based logic element array with embedded multiplier-less DSP-friendly carry chains and column-based memory blocks, enabling efficient implementation of state machines, FIFOs, simple DSP, and bus-bridge functions. The 144-pin TQFP (22 mm x 22 mm, 0.5 mm pitch) is a plastic surface-mount package with a copper lead frame suitable for standard reflow profiles and four-layer FR-4 PCB designs. Typical applications include industrial control logic, motor drive interfaces, low-cost video processing bridges, glue logic for SoC-based designs, and educational platforms where the Quartus II design suite and Cyclone development boards remain supported. The 104 user I/Os accommodate multiple 8/16/32-bit parallel buses plus dedicated clock and configuration pins. When designing with this part, plan I/O bank assignments carefully because the TQFP-144 package exposes only four clock-capable PLL inputs on dedicated pins; route high-speed clocks to PLL inputs first. Use Quartus II 13.0sp1 (the last officially-supported Cyclone release) for compilation, and verify timing against the 275 MHz internal clock specification.
EP1C3T144C8NGA - Cyclone FPGA 2910 LEs 144-LQFP | Intel
The Intel (Altera) EP1C3T144C8NGA is a low-cost Cyclone family Field Programmable Gate Array (FPGA) with 2,910 logic elements, 59,904 bits of embedded RAM, and 104 maximum user I/O pins, housed in a 144-pin LQFP (T144) package. It is built on a 1.5 V core, 0.13 µm SRAM-based process and is offered in the commercial C8 speed grade. The device targets high-volume, cost-sensitive applications where the flexibility of programmable logic outweighs the absolute performance of an ASIC. An FPGA (Field Programmable Gate Array) is a semiconductor integrated circuit composed of configurable logic blocks (CLBs), programmable interconnects, and I/O cells that can be re-programmed to implement virtually any digital logic function. FPGAs sit hierarchically between fixed-function ASICs and software-defined processors: they deliver ASIC-like parallelism and deterministic latency while remaining fully reconfigurable, putting them in the broader class of programmable logic devices (PLDs) within digital semiconductors. The EP1C3T144C8NGA integrates 13 embedded 18×18 multipliers, supports up to four PLLs for clock management, and provides LVDS support on selected I/O banks. Its 1.5 V core supply and 0.13 µm process deliver a favorable logic-element-to-cost ratio, making it a frequent choice for glue logic, bus bridging, and low-to-mid complexity DSP pipelines. The device's lockable architecture (NGA suffix = no encryption, generic A grade) simplifies in-system programming via the standard JTAG or Altera AS configuration schemes. Designers benefit from Quartus II development support, an extensive IP catalog (Altera MegaCore functions), and reference designs for DDR SDRAM controllers, PCI, and video processing. Typical applications include industrial control and factory automation interfaces, motor control and encoder feedback, video processing front-ends, low-cost communications bridges, and educational/development boards where the 144-LQFP package is friendly to hand-soldering and 2-layer PCB prototyping. When designing with the EP1C3T144C8NGA, ensure the 3.3 V auxiliary and 1.5 V core supplies are decoupled with 0.1 µF and 10 µF capacitors placed close to the package pins. Keep configuration signals (nCONFIG, nSTATUS, CONF_DONE) accessible for in-system programming, and respect the I/O bank VCCIO grouping rules when mixing 3.3 V and 2.5 V interfaces. This page synthesizes authorized distributor pricing, drop-in same-brand alternatives drawn from the Cyclone family, and practical design notes not duplicated in the manufacturer datasheet.
EP1C3T144CB - Cyclone FPGA, 3K LEs, TQFP-144 | Intel / Altera
The Intel / Altera EP1C3T144CB is a member of the original Cyclone FPGA family, providing 2,910 logic elements, 13 M4K RAM blocks (58,368 bits total), and one PLL in a 144-pin TQFP (T144) package. Built on a 0.13-µm SRAM process, this Cyclone device targets cost-sensitive, high-volume digital logic integration. An FPGA (Field-Programmable Gate Array) is a semiconductor device whose logic fabric, interconnect, and I/O behavior are defined after manufacturing by a user-supplied configuration bitstream. FPGAs sit in the programmable logic hierarchy between discrete glue logic (CPLDs) and high-density ASICs/SoCs, and are widely used for parallel DSP, custom bus interfaces, glue logic, and prototyping. The Cyclone family specifically targets low-cost, low-power applications where designers need programmable hardware without the price of high-end FPGAs. Key features of the EP1C3T144CB include 2,910 LEs, 58,368 bits of embedded RAM arranged as 13 M4K blocks, one enhanced PLL for clock management, and 104 user I/O pins. The device supports LVTTL, LVCMOS, SSTL-2, and SSTL-3 I/O standards, with multi-voltage support for 3.3V, 2.5V, and 1.8V banks on the same die. The architecture is built around a 4-input LUT-based logic array with embedded multiplier-free DSP capability and dedicated routing. Configuration is loaded from an external EPC serial configuration device or via JTAG. The device consumes roughly 100 mW of core power at typical operating frequency, making it attractive for fanless embedded designs. Typical applications include industrial motor control glue logic, low-cost video processing bridges, customer-premises equipment (CPE) interfaces, display controllers, and educational/hobbyist development boards. Cyclone FPGAs are also widely used as PCIe endpoint bridges and protocol converters in telecom line cards. When designing with this part, note that configuration must be re-loaded after every power cycle (SRAM-based). Plan for an EPC configuration device footprint or JTAG header on the board, and reserve global clock pins (CLK[0..3]) for the PLL reference. This page synthesizes distributor pricing from Octopart and FPGAkey, parameter data from the original Cyclone family datasheet, and practical drop-in alternatives sourced from the Site MPN list, giving engineers a single reference beyond the manufacturer datasheet.