PIC16F677-E/ML - 8-Bit MCU, 3.5KB Flash, 20MHz, QFN-20 | Microchip
MPN: PIC16F677-E/ML ✓ Active| Qty | Unit Price | Extended |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | $1.15 | $1.15 |
| 10 | $1.04 | $10.40 |
| 100 | $0.92 | $92.00 |
| 500 | $0.82 | $410.00 |
| 1,000 | $0.73 | $730.00 |
PIC16F677-E/ML Overview
A microcontroller (MCU) is a single-chip computer that integrates a CPU, memory, and peripherals. The PIC16F677 belongs to the PIC16F family of low-pin-count flash microcontrollers, which sit in Microchip's 8-bit product tree alongside PIC10, PIC12, PIC18, and PIC24 families. Within the broader taxonomy, 8-bit MCUs are one branch of microcontrollers, which themselves belong to the embedded processors family, which fall under semiconductors and integrated circuits. PIC MCUs are widely used in cost-sensitive, low-power embedded designs because of their deterministic instruction set, low part cost, and ultra-low-power nanoWatt XLP sleep modes.
Key features include hardware USART for asynchronous serial communication, MSSP for SPI and I²C, one 8-bit and one 16-bit timer, an enhanced PWM module with up to four outputs, on-chip oscillator, in-circuit serial programming (ICSP) for field updates, and a wide -40 °C to +125 °C extended operating range for industrial applications. The device supports interrupt-driven and event-driven firmware models and includes a programmable code protection scheme.
The PIC16F677 employs an enhanced Harvard architecture with separate program and data buses, a 14-bit instruction word, and a 35-instruction set that keeps firmware compact and predictable. The integrated 10-bit ADC delivers up to 12 channels of analog input, two analog comparators provide windowed or threshold sensing, and nanoWatt XLP technology reduces standby current to tens of nanometres, enabling battery-powered designs.
Typical applications include sensor signal conditioning, small appliances and white goods, consumer electronics, LED lighting controllers, battery chargers, and industrial control nodes. With 18 I/O, ample memory for state-machine firmware, and rich analog peripherals, the PIC16F677 fits designs that need more headroom than the PIC16F630/676 but do not require the 28- or 40-pin PIC16F88x family.
When designing with this device, allocate at least two pins for ICSP (PGD/PGC) and reserve RA0/RA1 for analog functions if the ADC is used. Use the internal oscillator to reduce external component count, and follow the Microchip PIC16F677 datasheet recommended decoupling and ground-pour guidelines to keep ADC noise below 1 LSB.
Drop-in alternatives for PIC16F677-E/ML — same package, pin-to-pin compatible. Different-package parts requiring PCB rework are excluded.
Variants in this series
Same-series models that are drop-in compatible with PIC16F677-E/ML (same form factor and footprint) — differing in Package, Timers, Operating Temperature, I/O Pins, ADC.
Quick Comparison Tool — Select alternative parts for side-by-side comparison:
PIC16F677-I/ML
✅ Drop-In✓ In Stock
$1.42 / Unit
View Datasheet →PIC16F631-E/ML
✅ Drop-In📋 Reference alternative (not in catalog)
PIC16F685-E/ML
✅ Drop-In ⚠️ 参数待验证📋 Reference alternative (not in catalog)
PIC16F687-E/ML
✅ Drop-In ⚠️ 参数待验证✓ In Stock
$2.04 / Unit
View Datasheet →PIC16F690-E/ML
✅ Drop-In ⚠️ 参数待验证✓ In Stock
$1.41 / Unit
View Datasheet →PIC16F677-E/ML Maximum Ratings & Electrical Characteristics
| Architecture | PIC 8-bit RISC (mid-range x14) |
| Program Memory Type | Flash |
| Program Memory Size | 3.5 KB (2K x 14 words) |
| RAM (SRAM) | 128 bytes |
| Data EEPROM | 128 bytes |
| CPU Speed (MIPS) | 5 MIPS at 20 MHz |
| Max Clock Frequency | 20 MHz |
| Supply Voltage | 2.0 V to 5.5 V |
| I/O Pins | 18 digital I/O |
| ADC | 10-bit, up to 12 channels |
| Analog Comparators | 2 |
| Timers | 1 x 8-bit, 1 x 16-bit |
| PWM Outputs | Enhanced PWM, up to 4 outputs |
| Communication | EUSART (RS-232/RS-485), MSSP (SPI/I²C) |
| Operating Temperature | -40 °C to +125 °C (Extended, "E") |
| Package | 20-pin QFN (4x4 mm), ML suffix |
| Mounting Type | Surface Mount |
| RoHS Status | Compliant |
| Lead Free | Yes |
| ICSP | Yes (In-Circuit Serial Programming) |
| Power-Saving Technology | nanoWatt XLP sleep modes |
PIC16F677-E/ML Pin Configuration
| Pin 1 | RA2/AN2/CVREF — GPIO RA2 / ADC channel 2 / comparator reference output |
| Pin 2 | RA3/AN3 — GPIO RA3 / ADC channel 3 |
| Pin 3 | RA4/AN4/T0CKI — GPIO RA4 / ADC channel 4 / Timer0 clock input |
| Pin 4 | RA5/MCLR/VPP — GPIO RA5 / Master Clear (reset, active low) / ICSP programming voltage |
| Pin 5 | VSS — Ground reference |
| Pin 6 | RA0/AN0/C1IN+ — GPIO RA0 / ADC channel 0 / comparator 1 non-inverting input |
| Pin 7 | RA1/AN1/C2IN+ — GPIO RA1 / ADC channel 1 / comparator 2 non-inverting input |
| Pin 8 | RA7/OSC1/CLKI — GPIO RA7 / crystal oscillator input / external clock input |
| Pin 9 | RA6/OSC2/CLKO — GPIO RA6 / crystal oscillator output / clock output |
| Pin 10 | RC0 — GPIO RC0 |
| Pin 11 | RC1 — GPIO RC1 |
| Pin 12 | RC2 — GPIO RC2 |
| Pin 13 | RC3 — GPIO RC3 |
| Pin 14 | RC4 — GPIO RC4 |
| Pin 15 | RC5 — GPIO RC5 |
| Pin 16 | RC6 — GPIO RC6 |
| Pin 17 | RC7 — GPIO RC7 |
| Pin 18 | VDD — Positive supply voltage (2.0 V to 5.5 V) |
| Pin 19 | VSS — Ground reference |
| Pin 20 | RB4/AN10 — GPIO RB4 / ADC channel 10 |
Typical Applications
PIC16F677-E/ML is suitable for 6 applications: Sensor Signal Conditioning, Home Appliance Control, LED Lighting Controllers, Battery Chargers, Small Consumer Electronics, Industrial Control Nodes.
Sensor Signal Conditioning
The PIC16F677-E/ML's 10-bit ADC with up to 12 channels and 2 integrated analog comparators make it ideal for sensor-front-end conditioning in industrial and consumer designs. The 5 MIPS core at 20 MHz executes 200 ns per instruction, fast enough to scan multiple analog inputs at 10 kHz each and apply digital filtering in firmware. Two on-chip comparators support windowed threshold detection for over-temperature, over-pressure, or liquid-level sensing without external op-amps. The QFN-20 package keeps the analog traces short, minimizing ADC input leakage and digital crosstalk. nanoWatt XLP sleep modes drop standby current below 1 µA, so battery-powered sensor nodes can run for years on a single cell. With 3.5 KB of flash, designers can implement moving-average or Kalman-light filtering directly on-chip, reducing the need for an external DSP or op-amp chain.
Recommended
Home Appliance Control
White goods, kitchen appliances, and HVAC controllers benefit from the PIC16F677-E/ML's mix of 18 digital I/O, PWM, and analog inputs. The enhanced PWM module with up to 4 outputs drives triac-controlled heating elements, fan motors, or LED indicators. The 128-byte data EEPROM stores user-set temperatures, calibration constants, and fault logs across power cycles without external memory. The extended -40 to +125 °C temperature grade supports under-cabinet and outdoor-rated enclosures. The 2.0-5.5 V supply range lets designers use either a 5 V linear regulator or a 3.3 V LDO, simplifying BOM and BOM-cost decisions. With 3.5 KB of flash, firmware can include UI state machines, sensor-fusion logic, and fault-handling routines for IEC 60730 class B compliance in washing machines, dishwashers, and induction cooktops.
Recommended
LED Lighting Controllers
Commercial and architectural LED lighting systems use the PIC16F677-E/ML for RGB or tunable-white drivers because its PWM and 10-bit ADC enable precise color mixing and current feedback. Up to 4 enhanced PWM outputs can drive MOSFET or LED-driver channels at frequencies above 1 kHz to avoid visible flicker. The 10-bit ADC monitors LED current via sense resistors, closing the loop for constant-current regulation across temperature and aging. The QFN-20 footprint fits in compact GU10, MR16, and linear fixture form factors where SOIC-20 would be too tall. nanoWatt XLP sleep modes drop standby below 50 nA, satisfying Energy Star standby budgets for connected luminaires. EUSART and MSSP provide UART and DMX/RDM or DALI bridge interfaces through external transceivers, while the 128-byte EEPROM stores calibration and DMX-address data.
Recommended
Battery Chargers
The PIC16F677-E/ML is a strong fit for NiMH, lead-acid, and small Li-ion charger controllers because the 10-bit ADC and analog comparators monitor cell voltage and charge current accurately. The enhanced PWM drives the flyback or buck converter MOSFET with adjustable dead-time control, while timers capture charge-time events for delta-V or -dV detection algorithms. The 128-byte data EEPROM stores charge-profile parameters and last-state across battery swaps. The 2.0-5.5 V supply lets the MCU run from the battery directly during deep discharge recovery. nanoWatt XLP sleep drops quiescent to roughly 20 nA, which is critical for sub-µA standby targets on disposable and low-rate-discharge battery designs. With 3.5 KB of flash, the firmware can implement CC/CV profiles, temperature fold-back, and JEITA thermal protection for portable tool and e-bike chargers.
Recommended
Small Consumer Electronics
Toys, remote controls, fitness accessories, and small home devices leverage the PIC16F677-E/ML's low cost, low power, and integrated peripherals. The 18 I/O lines are enough to drive 7-segment displays, keypads, vibration motors, IR LEDs, and indicator LEDs simultaneously. The internal 31 kHz-8 MHz oscillator and on-chip RC oscillator eliminate external crystals in cost-sensitive SKUs. EUSART supports IR protocols like NEC or RC-5 via carrier modulation through PWM, while MSSP drives SPI displays and I²C sensors. The extended temperature grade survives hot enclosures like hair stylers or bathroom fixtures. QFN-20 enables placement on a 12 mm x 12 mm PCB, fitting the smallest consumer SKUs while leaving flash headroom for premium-feature firmware variants that share one BOM line.
Recommended
Industrial Control Nodes
Industrial sensors, smart valves, and small PLC remote I/O modules use the PIC16F677-E/ML as the local MCU because its -40 to +125 °C range tolerates cabinet and outdoor environments. The 5 MIPS core processes Modbus RTU frames over EUSART and runs control loops at 100 Hz cycle times for slow process variables. The 10-bit ADC reads 4-20 mA or 0-10 V process inputs via external op-amp signal conditioning, while the analog comparators detect out-of-range faults without software polling. The MSSP port supports SPI-based isolated ADC or DAC companions for higher precision when needed. nanoWatt XLP sleep helps battery-backed nodes survive months without maintenance. The 128-byte EEPROM stores calibration and device-ID data, supporting field-replacement without host reconfiguration.
Recommended
Recommended Products Summary
Engineering reference data for PIC16F677-E/ML — comparison, design guidance, and compliance information.
Selection Guide
Comparison with Alternatives
| Parameter | This Product | PIC16F677-I/ML | PIC16F631-E/ML | PIC16F685-E/ML | PIC16F690-E/ML |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Brand | Microchip Technology | Microchip Technology | Microchip Technology | Microchip Technology | Microchip Technology |
| Package | 20-pin QFN (4x4 mm) | 20-pin QFN (4x4 mm) - same | 20-pin QFN (4x4 mm) - same | 20-pin QFN (4x4 mm) - same | 20-pin QFN (4x4 mm) - same |
| Program Memory (Flash) | 3.5 KB (2K x 14) | 3.5 KB - same | 1.75 KB (-50%) | 7 KB (+100%) | 7 KB (+100%) |
| SRAM | 128 bytes | 128 bytes - same | 64 bytes (-50%) | 256 bytes (+100%) | 256 bytes (+100%) |
| Data EEPROM | 128 bytes | 128 bytes - same | 64 bytes (-50%) | 256 bytes (+100%) | 256 bytes (+100%) |
| Max Clock Frequency | 20 MHz | 20 MHz - same | 20 MHz - same | 20 MHz - same | 20 MHz - same |
| Operating Temperature | -40 °C to +125 °C (Extended) | -40 °C to +85 °C (Industrial) | -40 °C to +125 °C (Extended) | -40 °C to +125 °C (Extended) | -40 °C to +125 °C (Extended) |
| ADC Channels | 10-bit, 12 channels | 10-bit, 12 channels - same | 10-bit, 10 channels (-17%) | 10-bit, 12 channels - same | 10-bit, 12 channels - same |
| Analog Comparators | 2 | 2 - same | 0 (-100%) | 2 - same | 2 - same |
| Communication | EUSART + MSSP (SPI/I²C) | EUSART + MSSP - same | No EUSART (MSSP only) | EUSART + MSSP - same | EUSART + MSSP - same |
Key Differentiators
- Best balance of flash, ADC, and analog comparators in the PIC16F63x family (vs PIC16F631-E/ML)
- Lower flash footprint for cost-sensitive SKUs than the PIC16F685/687/690 family (vs PIC16F685-E/ML)
- Industrial-grade PIC16F alternative at identical die, same QFN-20 (vs PIC16F677-I/ML)
Design Notes
Decouple VDD with a 100 nF X7R ceramic placed within 3 mm of pin 18 and a bulk 10 µF tantalum or aluminum-polymer capacitor on the same net. The PIC16F677-E/ML draws roughly 2-11 mA active at 20 MHz depending on peripheral activity; the nanoWatt XLP sleep drops to ~20 nA. Estimated: at 5 V, 20 MHz, all peripherals on, IDD ~11 mA, so power budget = 55 mW. For battery designs, switch to the 4 MHz internal oscillator and disable unused peripherals to keep average current below 100 µA.
The QFN-20 (4x4 mm) package has an exposed thermal pad beneath the die that must be soldered to a PCB pad of at least 2x2 mm with multiple thermal vias for heat dissipation. Use 0.1 mm trace width and 0.15 mm spacing for fine-pitch routing under the package. The PIC16F677 datasheet recommends a 4-layer stack-up with a continuous ground pour on layer 2 directly under the MCU to reduce EMI and improve ADC noise performance. Keep analog inputs (RA0-RA5, RB4) separated from PWM outputs (RC1-RC5) by at least 3x the trace-to-trace spacing to limit crosstalk.
Common pitfalls when designing with the PIC16F677-E/ML include: (1) forgetting to disable the analog function on ADC-capable pins before using them as digital I/O - configure the ANSEL register early in init; (2) using the MCLR pin as RA5 without isolating the in-circuit serial programmer (ICSP) - the PICkit can drive VPP up to 13 V which will damage circuitry tied to RA5; (3) configuring the internal oscillator but failing to set the IRCF bits correctly, leading to unexpected baud-rate errors on EUSART; (4) neglecting the ADCON1 register when fewer than 12 ADC channels are needed - unused analog pins must be reconfigured to digital to save power. Always configure the configuration-word bits (CONFIG) for the desired oscillator and WDT before firmware development.
Compliance Information
RoHS and lead-free compliance confirmed by Microchip product page. The -E temperature grade is industrial (-40 to +125 C), not automotive-qualified - select the PIC16F677 automotive grade only if available, otherwise pair with external ASIL-rated companion ICs.
