ATMEGA3250-16AU - 8-bit AVR MCU 16MHz 32KB Flash | Microchip
MPN: ATMEGA3250-16AU ✓ Hoạt độngATMEGA3250-16AU Tóm tắt
A microcontroller is a single-chip computer that integrates a processor core, program memory, data memory, and peripheral functions such as timers, serial interfaces, and analog-to-digital converters. Within the semiconductor hierarchy, the ATmega3250 belongs to the AVR ATmega family of 8-bit microcontrollers, a subset of embedded MCUs used in industrial control, appliances, and instrumentation where moderate processing power and rich I/O are required without the cost of a 32-bit platform.
Key features include the advanced AVR RISC architecture with 131 powerful instructions, most of which execute in a single clock cycle, delivering up to 16 MIPS throughput at 16 MHz. The 32 KB Flash supports In-System Programming with read-while-write capability, enabling firmware updates in the field. A JTAG interface provides on-chip debugging and boundary-scan testing, a critical asset on dense 100-pin boards.
Technically, the device combines three flexible timer/counters with compare modes, internal and external interrupt sources, a programmable serial USART, SPI and TWI (I2C) interfaces, an 10-channel 10-bit ADC, and a programmable Watchdog Timer with internal oscillator. Five power-saving modes, including idle and power-down, support low average-power designs, and the core is manufactured in Microchip's high-density non-volatile memory process.
Typical applications include industrial automation controllers, HVAC and building control boards, point-of-sale and metering equipment, and consumer appliances that need many I/O lines. The 69 GPIO count and JTAG make it well suited for relay- and keypad-heavy boards.
When designing, note that the -16AU speed grade requires a 4.5 V to 5.5 V supply for 16 MHz operation; at lower voltages the maximum safe clock frequency drops, so verify the voltage-frequency curve in the datasheet before overclocking.
This page synthesizes distributor pricing, drop-in family alternatives, design notes, and SEO-structured comparison data not found in the manufacturer datasheet.
Bộ thay thế dễ dàng lắp đặt cho ATMEGA3250-16AU — cùng gói, chân-to-chân tương thích. Các bộ phận yêu cầu hàn PCB bị loại trừ.
Các biến thể trong loạt này
Các mẫu cùng loạt có thể lắp đặt dễ dàng tương thích với ATMEGA3250-16AU (cùng hình factor và footprint) — khác nhau ở Package, Instructions, Connectivity, Speed, RoHS Status.
ATMEGA3250A-16AU
✅ Drop-In ⚠️ Thông số chưa được xác minh📋 Tham chiếu thay thế (không có trong danh mục)
ATMEGA6450-16AU
✅ Drop-In ⚠️ Thông số chưa được xác minhLiên hệ để biết giá
Xem tài liệu →ATMEGA6490-16AU
✅ Drop-In ⚠️ Thông số chưa được xác minhLiên hệ để biết giá
Xem tài liệu →ATMEGA3290-16AU
✅ Drop-In ⚠️ Thông số chưa được xác minh📋 Tham chiếu thay thế (không có trong danh mục)
ATMEGA3290P-20AU
✅ Drop-InLiên hệ để biết giá
Xem tài liệu →ATMEGA3250-16AU Tỷ lệ tối đa & tính chất điện
| Core Architecture | 8-bit AVR RISC |
| Core Size | 8-bit |
| Tần số xung maksimum | 16 MHz |
| Flash Memory | 32 KB (16K x 16) |
| EEPROM | 1 KB |
| SRAM | 2 KB |
| Supply Voltage Range | 4.5 V to 5.5 V |
| General Purpose I/O | 54/69 I/O lines |
| I/O Ports | 32 |
| Instructions | 131 powerful instructions |
| Interfaces | USART, SPI, TWI (I2C), JTAG |
| Timers | Three flexible timer/counters with compare modes |
| Debug / Test | JTAG boundary-scan and on-chip debugging |
| Programming | In-System Programmable (ISP) Flash with read-while-write |
| Nhiệt độ hoạt động | -40C to +85C (industrial) |
| Hộp | 100-TQFP (14x14 mm), 0.80 mm pitch |
| Kiểu lắp đặt | Surface Mount |
| Trạng thái vòng đời | ACTIVE |
Hướng dẫn cấu hình chân ATMEGA3250-16AU 100-tqfp (14x14 mm), 0.80 mm pitch
Cấu hình chân cho ATMEGA3250-16AU (100-tqfp (14x14 mm), 0.80 mm pitch gói). IC số này bao gồm chân GPIO, giao diện truyền thông (UART, SPI, I2C) và chân nguồn. Tham khảo tài liệu thông số kỹ thuật của nhà sản xuất để biết các chức năng chân thay thế và tùy chọn cấu hình. Cực kỳ quan trọng cho thiết kế hệ thống tích hợp và lập trình PCB.
Không có dữ liệu chân cụ thể sẵn có cho ATMEGA3250-16AU.
Tham khảo: tài liệu kỹ thuật cho cấu hình chân đầy đủ.
Ứng dụng tiêu biểu
ATMEGA3250-16AU phù hợp cho 6 Áp dụngs: Industrial Automation Controllers, HVAC and Building Control, Metering and POS Equipment, Consumer Appliance Control, Test and Measurement Instrumentation, Lighting and Motor Control Panels.
Industrial Automation Controllers
The ATMEGA3250-16AU fits industrial automation and machine-control boards that require many relay, sensor, and keypad connections: its 54/69 general purpose I/O lines and 32 I/O ports cover dense digital I/O expansion without external port expanders. The 16 MHz AVR core with 131 mostly single-cycle instructions provides deterministic interrupt response for sequencer and interlock logic, while the 32 KB ISP Flash with read-while-write supports field firmware updates during machine servicing. JTAG boundary scan verifies solder quality on the 100-pin TQFP, reducing production escapes on two-sided boards. Typical designs pair the MCU with an RS-485 transceiver over its USART for Modbus-style networking and use the 1 KB EEPROM to store calibration and recipe data through power cycles. The 4.5 V to 5.5 V supply matches legacy 5 V industrial logic levels directly, eliminating level-shifting.
Được đề xuất
HVAC and Building Control
In HVAC controllers, boiler management, and room-control panels, the ATMEGA3250-16AU offers the right mix of analog inputs, serial links, and low-cost integration. Multiple sensor channels connect to its ADC inputs (per the mega family datasheet feature set), while three flexible timer/counters with compare modes generate PWM outputs for damper motors and variable-speed fans. The 5 V operation tolerates electrically noisy HVAC cabinets better than 3.3 V parts, and the Watchdog Timer with its own internal oscillator provides autonomous recovery from software hangs - a standard requirement in building safety logic. The 2 KB SRAM handles PID state plus a small communication stack, and the 1 KB EEPROM retains setpoints and runtime hours across power outages. JTAG on-chip debugging shortens commissioning cycles where panel access is difficult.
Được đề xuất
Metering and POS Equipment
Electricity, water, and payment-terminal boards benefit from the ATMEGA3250-16AU's balance of security, memory, and I/O. The 32 KB Flash accommodates metering firmware plus a communication stack over USART or SPI, and the 1 KB EEPROM stores tariff tables and cumulative counters with byte-level endurance suitable for frequent writes. Its JTAG boundary-scan capability is valuable for ICT testing of dense 100-TQFP assemblies in volume production, catching open solder joints that bed-of-nails fixtures can miss on fine-pitch parts. Five power-saving modes, including power-down, allow battery-backed meter boards to wake on interrupt, log a reading, and return to sleep, extending backup-battery life during outages. The 69 I/O lines drive keypads, displays, and pulse-counting inputs on a single MCU, reducing BOM count versus smaller parts plus port expanders.
Được đề xuất
Consumer Appliance Control
Washers, dishwashers, ovens, and similar white goods need exactly what the ATMEGA3250-16AU supplies: dozens of I/O lines for buttons, heaters, valves, and motors, timers with PWM for motor speed control, and a robust 5 V platform. The three flexible timer/counters with compare modes drive triac-firing or motor PWM channels directly, and the internal oscillator option lets cost-optimized boards run without an external crystal when timing precision allows. The 16 MIPS throughput at 16 MHz comfortably runs menu logic, sensor filtering, and a display driver simultaneously. Because the Flash is In-System Programmable, manufacturers can update firmware through a service connector without unsoldering the MCU - important for products that see long service lives and mid-cycle feature updates. Industrial temperature rating supports uncooled appliance control boxes.
Được đề xuất
Test and Measurement Instrumentation
Bench instruments, panel meters, and data loggers use the ATMEGA3250-16AU where deterministic 8-bit control and rich peripherals matter more than DSP horsepower. The 10-bit ADC channels sample sensor and rail-monitor inputs, the USART and SPI/TWI interfaces stream results to displays, PCs, or external converters, and the 2 KB SRAM buffers measurement records between communication bursts. At 16 MHz the single-cycle core delivers precise bit-banged timing protocols that jitter-sensitive instruments sometimes require, while hardware timers offload gating and pulse counting. JTAG on-chip debugging is a particular advantage here: engineers can set breakpoints inside ISR-heavy measurement code and inspect the 32 working registers in real time. The 100-pin TQFP provides enough I/O for front-panel keypads, multi-range relays, and backlights on a single controller, simplifying layout and EMI management.
Được đề xuất
Lighting and Motor Control Panels
Dimmer racks, stage-lighting consoles, and small motor-control panels exploit the ATMEGA3250-16AU's timer PWM channels and dense I/O. Compare-mode timer outputs generate phase-control or PWM drive signals for MOSFET half-bridges and triac stages, while other GPIO banks handle enable lines, fault-feedback inputs, and operator interfaces. The 5 V supply drives logic-level MOSFET gates directly in many designs, and the 16 MHz core executes closed-loop current or speed-control loops at kilohertz rates with headroom. The Watchdog Timer with independent internal oscillator enforces fail-safe shutdown of power stages if firmware locks - a key safety property in motor panels. Using the same 100-TQFP footprint across product variants (3250 for 32 KB builds, 6450 for feature-rich 64 KB builds) lets manufacturers share one PCB layout across a product family.
Được đề xuất
Tóm tắt các sản phẩm được đề xuất
Dữ liệu tham khảo kỹ thuật cho ATMEGA3250-16AU — so sánh, hướng dẫn thiết kế và thông tin tuân thủ.
Hướng dẫn chọn lựa
So sánh với các sản phẩm thay thế
| Tham số | Sản phẩm này | ATMEGA3250A-16AU | ATMEGA6450-16AU | ATMEGA3290-16AU | ATMEGA3290P-20AU |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Package | 100-TQFP (14x14 mm) | 100-TQFP (14x14 mm) - same | 100-TQFP (14x14 mm) - same | 100-TQFP (14x14 mm) - same | 100-TQFP (14x14 mm) - same |
| Brand | Microchip Technology | Microchip Technology | Microchip Technology | Microchip Technology | Microchip Technology |
| Flash Memory | 32 KB | 32 KB | 64 KB | 32 KB | 32 KB |
| SRAM | 2 KB | 2 KB | 4 KB | 2 KB | 2 KB |
| Maximum Clock Frequency | 16 MHz | 16 MHz | 16 MHz | 16 MHz | 20 MHz |
| Supply Voltage | 4.5 V to 5.5 V | 4.5 V to 5.5 V | 4.5 V to 5.5 V | 4.5 V to 5.5 V | 1.8 V to 5.5 V (PicoPower) |
| LCD Controller | No | No | Yes | Yes | Yes |
| General Purpose I/O | 54/69 I/O lines | 54/69 I/O lines | 54/69 I/O lines (some LCD-shared) | 54 I/O lines (LCD-shared) | 54 I/O lines (LCD-shared) |
| Power-Saving Features | 5 sleep modes incl. power-down | 5 sleep modes incl. power-down | 5 sleep modes incl. power-down | 5 sleep modes incl. power-down | PicoPower low-power technology |
Bảo phân biệt quan trọng
- Lowest-risk production continuity (vsATMEGA3250A-16AU)
- More general-purpose I/O than LCD-family siblings (vsATMEGA3290-16AU)
- Cost/memory trade-off versus big-memory family (vsATMEGA6450-16AU)
- Simpler power design than PicoPower variants (vsATMEGA3290P-20AU)
Ghi chú thiết kế
The -16AU speed grade requires a 4.5 V to 5.5 V supply for reliable 16 MHz operation; below this range the maximum guaranteed clock frequency falls per the datasheet voltage-frequency curve. Decouple every VCC/AVCC pin pair with 100 nF ceramics placed within 5 mm of the pins, plus one bulk 10 uF per board. Keep the analog supply pin fed through an RC or ferrite filter if the ADC is used, since switching noise from relay coils on the same 5 V rail directly degrades ADC accuracy.
On the 100-pin TQFP (0.8 mm pitch), use a land pattern per the Microchip package drawing and consider via-in-pad or dog-bone fanout for the dense perimeter. Route JTAG (TCK/TMS/TDO/TDI) as a short, daisy-chained group with series resistors if multiple JTAG devices share the chain, and reserve unpopulated JTAG connector pads even on cost-reduced boards - boundary-scan ICT on 100-TQFP assemblies routinely pays back its 0.2 uF bypass cost in escaped-defect reduction.
Common mistakes: (1) assuming ATmega2560 is a drop-in - it shares the 100-TQFP count but NOT the pinout with the mega3250 family; (2) using the mega3290 (LCD variant) as a substitute without remapping the LCD-shared pins; (3) exceeding EEPROM endurance by writing calibration data in every loop iteration instead of on change. Also verify RESET pin pull-up and that ISP programming lines (MOSI/MISO/SCK/RESET) are not loaded heavily by peripheral circuits, or in-circuit programming will fail.
For EMC on appliances and industrial panels, add 10-33 ohm series resistors on long GPIO runs driving cables, and use the internal pull-ups on unused pins configured as inputs, or drive unused pins as outputs low, to prevent floating-node EMI emissions. Keep the USART/TWI clock lines short and, on TWI buses longer than 30 cm, size pull-up resistors (typically 2.2k-4.7k at 5 V) to meet rise-time requirements at 100-400 kHz.
Thông tin tuân thủ
RoHS/lead-free per Microchip 'AU' (lead-free matte-tin) packaging convention for AVR parts. Lifecycle status ACTIVE per distributor and datasheet aggregator data. REACH/halogen/conflict-minerals declarations not present in verified data - request official compliance certificate from Microchip.
