ATMEGA8-16PI - 8KB Flash, 16MHz AVR MCU, 28-PDIP | Microchip
MPN: ATMEGA8-16PI ✗ Cuối đờiATMEGA8-16PI Tóm tắt
An 8-bit AVR microcontroller is a single-chip processor built on the AVR enhanced RISC architecture, in which most instructions execute in a single clock cycle, delivering throughput near 1 MIPS per MHz. Microcontrollers of this class integrate program Flash, SRAM, EEPROM, peripherals, and a CPU core in one package, sitting between simple logic ICs and application processors in the embedded systems hierarchy.
Key features include 8KB self-programmable Flash with 10,000 write-cycle endurance, 23 programmable I/O lines, one 8-channel 10-bit ADC (6 channels in PDIP), two 8-bit and one 16-bit timer with PWM, a hardware USART, SPI, and TWI (I2C) interfaces, plus an on-chip analog comparator. These peripherals allow the ATMEGA8-16PI to replace multiple discrete components in compact embedded designs.
The AVR core uses Harvard architecture with separate program and data buses, and includes 32 general-purpose working registers directly connected to the ALU, enabling single-cycle execution and high code density. In-system programmability via SPI allows firmware updates without removing the device from the board, supported by lock bits for code protection.
Typical applications include hobby and Arduino-compatible boards, industrial control panels, appliance control, sensor interfacing with the built-in ADC, and low-cost serial communication bridges using the hardware USART. The DIP package is favored for prototyping, education, and repair of legacy through-hole designs.
Design-wise, the 4.5V to 5.5V operating range pairs naturally with 5V logic; for 2.7V to 5.5V or low-power battery designs, select the ATmega8L speed-graded variant instead. Add 0.1uF decoupling on VCC and AVCC, and keep the reset pin pulled up for reliable ISP programming.
This page synthesizes verified distributor pricing, drop-in alternatives, and practical design notes not found in the manufacturer datasheet, with data verified as of 2026-09-18.
Bộ thay thế dễ dàng lắp đặt cho ATMEGA8-16PI — cùng gói, chân-to-chân tương thích. Các bộ phận yêu cầu hàn PCB bị loại trừ.
Các biến thể trong loạt này
Các mẫu cùng loạt có thể lắp đặt dễ dàng tương thích với ATMEGA8-16PI (cùng hình factor và footprint) — khác nhau ở Operating Temperature, Package, ADC Channels, Timers, SRAM.
ATMEGA8A-PU
✅ Drop-InLiên hệ để biết giá
Xem tài liệu →ATMEGA8-16PU
✅ Drop-InLiên hệ để biết giá
Xem tài liệu →ATMEGA8-16PC
✅ Drop-In ⚠️ Thông số chưa được xác minhLiên hệ để biết giá
Xem tài liệu →ATMEGA8A-PI
✅ Drop-In ⚠️ Thông số chưa được xác minh📋 Tham chiếu thay thế (không có trong danh mục)
ATMEGA48-20PI
✅ Drop-InLiên hệ để biết giá
Xem tài liệu →ATMEGA8-16PI Tỷ lệ tối đa & tính chất điện
| Core Architecture | 8-bit AVR RISC |
| Tần số xung maksimum | 16 MHz |
| Program Memory Size | 8 KB (4K x 16) Flash |
| Program Memory Type | In-System Programmable Flash |
| SRAM Size | 1 KB |
| EEPROM Size | 512 B |
| Operating Voltage Range | 4.5 V to 5.5 V |
| Number of I/O Lines | 23 |
| ADC Resolution | 10-bit |
| ADC Channels | 6 (in PDIP package) |
| Timers | 2 x 8-bit, 1 x 16-bit |
| Communication Interfaces | USART, SPI, TWI (I2C) |
| Khoảng nhiệt độ hoạt động | -40C to +85C (industrial) |
| Hộp | 28-PDIP (0.300 in, 7.62 mm) |
| Kiểu lắp đặt | Through-Hole |
| MIPS Rating | Up to 16 MIPS (approx. 1 MIPS/MHz) |
| Brand / Manufacturer | Atmel (now Microchip Technology) |
Cấu hình chân ATMEGA8-16PI
| Chân 1 | PC6 (RESET) — Reset input / Port C bit 6 |
| Chân 2 | PD0 (RXD) — Port D bit 0 / USART receive |
| Chân 3 | PD1 (TXD) — Port D bit 1 / USART transmit |
| Chân 4 | PD2 (INT0) — Port D bit 2 / External interrupt 0 |
| Chân 5 | PD3 (INT1) — Port D bit 3 / External interrupt 1 |
| Chân 6 | PD4 (T0/XCK) — Port D bit 4 / Timer0 counter input |
| Chân 7 | VCC — Digital supply voltage |
| Chân 8 | GND — Ground |
| Chân 9 | PB6 (XTAL1/TOSC1) — Crystal oscillator input / Timer oscillator |
| Chân 10 | PB7 (XTAL2/TOSC2) — Crystal oscillator output / Timer oscillator |
| Chân 11 | PD5 (T1/OC1B) — Port D bit 5 / Timer1 counter input |
| Chân 12 | PD6 (AIN0) — Port D bit 6 / Analog comparator positive input |
| Chân 13 | PD7 (AIN1) — Port D bit 7 / Analog comparator negative input |
| Chân 14 | PB0 (ICP1) — Port B bit 0 / Timer1 input capture |
| Chân 15 | PB1 (OC1A) — Port B bit 1 / Timer1 output compare A (PWM) |
| Chân 16 | PB2 (SS/OC1B) — Port B bit 2 / SPI slave select, Timer1 output compare B |
| Chân 17 | PB3 (MOSI/OC2) — Port B bit 3 / SPI master output, Timer2 PWM output |
| Chân 18 | PB4 (MISO) — Port B bit 4 / SPI master input |
| Chân 19 | PB5 (SCK) — Port B bit 5 / SPI clock |
| Chân 20 | AVCC — ADC supply voltage |
| Chân 21 | AREF — ADC analog reference input |
| Chân 22 | GND — Ground |
| Chân 23 | PC0 (ADC0) — Port C bit 0 / ADC channel 0 |
| Chân 24 | PC1 (ADC1) — Port C bit 1 / ADC channel 1 |
| Chân 25 | PC2 (ADC2) — Port C bit 2 / ADC channel 2 |
| Chân 26 | PC3 (ADC3) — Port C bit 3 / ADC channel 3 |
| Chân 27 | PC4 (ADC4/SDA) — Port C bit 4 / ADC channel 4 / TWI data |
| Chân 28 | PC5 (ADC5/SCL) — Port C bit 5 / ADC channel 5 / TWI clock |
Ứng dụng tiêu biểu
ATMEGA8-16PI phù hợp cho 6 Áp dụngs: Arduino-Compatible Hobby Boards, Industrial Control Panels, Appliance and Consumer Product Control, Sensor Data Acquisition Nodes, Serial Communication Bridges, Legacy Board Repair and Service.
Arduino-Compatible Hobby Boards
The ATMEGA8-16PI powered early Arduino boards (the 2005-era Arduino NG) and remains popular for retro-compatible hobby builds. Its SPI in-system programming allows bootloader flashing directly on the board with a USBasp or Arduino-as-ISP setup, requiring only PB3/PB4/PB5 (MOSI/MISO/SCK) plus RESET routed to a 6-pin ISP header. With 16MHz crystal and 22pF capacitors on XTAL1/XTAL2, the chip delivers 16 MIPS for typical sketch workloads, while the 8KB Flash bounds sketches to roughly 7KB after bootloader overhead. The 28-PDIP through-hole package sockets directly, making chip swaps and breadboard prototyping trivial. For new hobby designs, consider the ATmega8A-PU or ATmega328P for active lifecycle support.
Được đề xuất
Industrial Control Panels
The industrial temperature rating of -40C to +85C makes the ATMEGA8-16PI suitable for factory-floor control panels, motor start sequencers, and machine-state monitoring where ambient conditions vary widely. Operating at 5V gives robust noise margins against industrial EMI, and the 10-bit ADC (6 channels on PDIP) digitizes potentiometers, 4-20mA-conditioned sensor signals, or thermistor dividers with 10-bit resolution. Hardware timers generate PWM for heater or fan control while the USART links to RS-485 transceivers for Modbus-style networking. The 28-PDIP socketed format simplifies field firmware updates via SPI ISP. Note the part is EOL; plan ATMEGA8A-PU substitution for new industrial builds to ensure supply continuity.
Được đề xuất
Appliance and Consumer Product Control
Home appliances such as coffee machines, fans, and small heaters use ATmega8-class MCUs for keypad scanning, relay drive, and LED indication. The ATMEGA8-16PI integrates 23 GPIO lines, enough for a 4x4 keypad matrix, three relay drivers, and indicator LEDs without port expanders, cutting bill-of-materials cost. Its 512B EEPROM stores user settings and calibration data through power cycles with 100,000-cycle endurance. The 16MHz clock executes debounce loops and PWM mixing quickly at low cost, and the watchdog timer adds fault recovery for unattended operation. The 5V-only supply range matches transformer-based appliance power supplies. For new appliance platforms, select the ATmega8A-PU to retain compatibility while gaining active production status.
Được đề xuất
Sensor Data Acquisition Nodes
With a 10-bit successive-approximation ADC offering 6 multiplexed channels in the PDIP variant, plus an internal 2.56V reference option via AREF, the ATMEGA8-16PI serves as a compact multi-channel data acquisition node for temperature, light, and potentiometer arrays. The analog comparator (AIN0/AIN1 on PD6/PD7) provides fast threshold detection without CPU polling, useful for over-limit alarms. Sampled data streams out through the hardware USART to a PC or logger at standard baud rates clocked by a crystal for timing accuracy. Conversions at full ADC clock achieve roughly 15kSPS aggregate throughput, adequate for slow physical-process monitoring. Industrial temperature coverage suits outdoor and unheated enclosures for environmental sensing installations.
Được đề xuất
Serial Communication Bridges
The hardware USART, SPI, and TWI (I2C) peripherals on the ATMEGA8-16PI make it an effective protocol converter between legacy 5V systems and modern peripherals. Typical designs bridge RS-232 equipment to I2C sensors, or translate SPI device streams to UART logging, with 16MHz single-cycle execution comfortably servicing interrupt-driven byte rates up to 115200 baud. TWI hardware handles address generation, ACK, and clock stretching without bit-banging, while the SPI peripheral reaches up to fosc/2 transfer rates for fast flash or display interfacing. Open-drain PB6/PB7 can serve as TOSC pins for a 32.768kHz watch crystal when precision timekeeping is needed alongside conversion tasks, and the industrial rating covers telecom closet environments.
Được đề xuất
Legacy Board Repair and Service
A major ongoing use of ATMEGA8-16PI is repairing equipment designed in the 2000s whose BOM specifies the original ATmega8 DIP microcontroller. The socketed 28-PDIP format allows a technician to extract a failed chip and insert a pre-programmed replacement without soldering. Compatible service parts include ATMEGA8A-PU (active production, firmware-compatible) and ATMEGA8-16PU (same die). When cloning firmware from a donor board, the lock bits may prevent reading; in that case, service organizations hold archive code, or Rochester Electronics supplies authorized pre-programmed units. Always verify fuse settings (clock source, BOD level) when transplanting, as incorrect CKOPT/SUT fuses cause silent startup failures in repaired units.
Được đề xuất
Tóm tắt các sản phẩm được đề xuất
Dữ liệu tham khảo kỹ thuật cho ATMEGA8-16PI — so sánh, hướng dẫn thiết kế và thông tin tuân thủ.
Hướng dẫn chọn lựa
So sánh với các sản phẩm thay thế
| Tham số | Sản phẩm này | ATMEGA8A-PU | ATMEGA8-16PU | ATMEGA8-16PC | ATMEGA48-20PI |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Package | 28-PDIP (0.300 in) | 28-PDIP - same footprint | 28-PDIP - same footprint | 28-PDIP - same footprint | 28-PDIP - same footprint |
| Brand | Atmel (Microchip Technology) | Microchip Technology | Atmel (Microchip Technology) | Atmel (Microchip Technology) | Atmel (Microchip Technology) |
| Program Memory (Flash) | 8 KB | 8 KB | 8 KB | 8 KB | 4 KB |
| SRAM | 1 KB | 1 KB | 1 KB | 1 KB | 512 B |
| Max Clock Frequency | 16 MHz | 16 MHz (up to 20 MHz full range) | 16 MHz | 16 MHz | 20 MHz |
| Operating Voltage | 4.5 V to 5.5 V | 4.5 V to 5.5 V (16 MHz grade) | 4.5 V to 5.5 V | 4.5 V to 5.5 V | 4.5 V to 5.5 V |
| Temperature Range | -40C to +85C (industrial) | -40C to +85C | -40C to +85C | 0C to +70C (commercial) | -40C to +85C |
| Lifecycle Status | EOL | Active | EOL | EOL | EOL (ATMEGA48PA-PU active) |
| Firmware Compatibility | Baseline (ATmega8 register map) | Fully compatible | Identical die | Identical die | Different register map - rewrite required |
Bảo phân biệt quan trọng
- Industrial temperature grade in same footprint (vsATMEGA8-16PC)
- Double the memory of the smaller family member (vsATMEGA48-20PI)
- Socket-friendly through-hole format (vsATMEGA8-16AI)
Ghi chú thiết kế
Decouple VCC (pin 7) and AVCC (pin 20) each with a 0.1uF ceramic capacitor placed within 5mm of the pins, plus a 10uF bulk capacitor per board. AVCC must be connected to VCC even if the ADC is unused; the datasheet requires AVCC within 0.3V of VCC. Enable brown-out detection (BOD) via fuse at 2.7V or 4.0V so the MCU holds reset during supply dips - critical with EEPROM writes, which corrupt if VCC falls below VCC_MIN during a write cycle.
For through-hole DIP sockets, prefer machine-pin sockets over cheap leaf sockets for reliable long-term contact, especially in vibration-prone industrial settings. Route the crystal (16MHz) with 22pF capacitors directly adjacent to pins 9 and 10 with short returns to GND pin 8; keep the RESET line (pin 1) with a 10k pull-up to VCC and route away from noisy PWM traces. If ISP headers are fitted, add 100 ohm series resistors on SCK/MOSI to avoid loading conflict during normal operation.
Fuse misconfiguration is the top failure mode: selecting external clock when a crystal is fitted, or disabling SPI programming, can brick the chip without a high-voltage parallel programmer. Record factory fuse settings before modification. Also note the internal RC oscillator tolerances (typically +/-2-3% after calibration) are inadequate for precise UART baud rates above 9600 - use a crystal for serial links. Since the original ATmega8 is EOL, validate ATMEGA8A-PU substitutions against the migration document before mass repair orders.
Thông tin tuân thủ
Compliance attributes were not stated in the provided web data; verify RoHS/lead-free status on the DigiKey or Mouser product page for the exact suffix before ordering, since legacy DIP parts were produced in both leaded and lead-free eras.
