CP2104-F03-GMR - USB 2.0 to UART Bridge QFN-24 | Silicon Labs
MPN: CP2104-F03-GMR ✓ Hoạt độngCP2104-F03-GMR Tóm tắt
A USB-to-UART bridge is an interface IC that converts USB bus traffic into a standard asynchronous serial (UART) stream, allowing a host computer to communicate with embedded microcontrollers over a virtual COM port. Within the power-management and interface-IC hierarchy, it sits between the physical USB layer and the MCU serial peripheral, eliminating firmware development on the bridge side.
Key features include a fully integrated USB transceiver (no external resistors), an integrated clock (no external crystal), a programmable baud rate from 300 bps to 2 Mbps, 1024 bytes of one-time-programmable ROM for custom VID/PID and product strings, and royalty-free virtual COM port drivers for Windows, macOS, and Linux. Four GPIO pins (GPIO.0 to GPIO.3) with hardware flow control (~RTS/~CTS, ~DTR/~DSR, ~DCD/~RI) provide flexible signaling.
Architecturally, the CP2104 pairs a USB 2.0 full-speed (12 Mbps) device controller with a UART engine and on-chip power-on-reset circuitry. The integrated 3.45 V regulator can supply external circuitry at modest current, and SUSPEND/~SUSPEND outputs support USB bus power management.
Typical applications include USB-to-serial programming and debug adapters, MCU bootloaders for kits such as ESP32 and Arduino-style boards, industrial controllers and data loggers, and embedded computing modules needing a plug-and-play serial link.
Design tip: keep the 4.7 uF to 10 uF decoupling on VDD/VBUS close to the pins, connect REGIN to VBUS, and bias ~RST high with 4.7 kohm to avoid spurious enumeration resets. VIO lets the UART side interface with 1.8 V logic without level shifting.
This page synthesizes distributor pricing, drop-in alternatives, pinout, and practical design notes not found in the manufacturer datasheet alone. Pricing shown as of 2026-10-20.
Bộ thay thế dễ dàng lắp đặt cho CP2104-F03-GMR — cùng gói, chân-to-chân tương thích. Các bộ phận yêu cầu hàn PCB bị loại trừ.
Các biến thể trong loạt này
Các mẫu cùng loạt có thể lắp đặt dễ dàng tương thích với CP2104-F03-GMR (cùng hình factor và footprint) — khác nhau ở Package, Driver Support, Product Type, USB Standard, Supply Voltage.
CP2104-F03-GM
✅ Drop-InLiên hệ để biết giá
Xem tài liệu →CP2103-GM
✅ Drop-InLiên hệ để biết giá
Xem tài liệu →CP2103-GMR
✅ Drop-InLiên hệ để biết giá
Xem tài liệu →CP2105-F01-GM
✅ Drop-InLiên hệ để biết giá
Xem tài liệu →CP2105-F01-GMR
✅ Drop-InLiên hệ để biết giá
Xem tài liệu →CP2110-F01-GM
✅ Drop-In📋 Tham chiếu thay thế (không có trong danh mục)
CP2104-F03-GMR Thông số kỹ thuật
| Chức năng | USB 2.0 to UART bridge controller |
| USB Standard | USB 2.0 full speed, 12 Mbps |
| UART Channels | 1 |
| Baud Rate Range | 300 bps to 2 Mbps (programmable) |
| FIFO Buffer | 576 byte |
| Điện áp cung cấp | 3 V to 3.6 V (VDD) |
| I/O Supply (VIO) | 1.8 V, 3 V to 3.6 V |
| On-Chip Regulator Output | 3.45 V |
| Non-Volatile Memory | 1024 byte one-time-programmable ROM |
| GPIO | 4 digital I/O pins |
| Flow Control | ~RTS, ~CTS, ~DTR, ~DSR, ~DCD, ~RI |
| Hộp | 24-QFN (4x4 mm) with exposed pad |
| Kiểu lắp đặt | Surface Mount |
| Nhiệt độ hoạt động | -40C to +85C |
| Integrated Clock | Yes (no external crystal required) |
| Integrated USB Transceiver | Yes (no external resistors required) |
| Power-On Reset | On-chip |
| Trạng thái RoHS | Compliant |
Cấu hình chân CP2104-F03-GMR
| Chân 1 | ~RI — Ring Indicator input (modem signal, active low) |
| Chân 2 | GND — Ground |
| Chân 3 | D+ — USB 2.0 differential data plus |
| Chân 4 | D- — USB 2.0 differential data minus |
| Chân 5 | VIO — I/O supply for UART-side interface (1.8 V to 3.6 V) |
| Chân 6 | VDD — Power supply, 3.0 V to 3.6 V |
| Chân 7 | REGIN — Regulator input, connect to VBUS (4.0 V to 5.25 V) |
| Chân 8 | VBUS — USB bus voltage sense input |
| Chân 9 | ~RST — Device reset, active low; pull up with 4.7 kohm |
| Chân 10 | NC — Not connected (per datasheet) |
| Chân 11 | GPIO.3 — General purpose I/O 3 |
| Chân 12 | GPIO.2 — General purpose I/O 2 |
| Chân 13 | GPIO.1 — General purpose I/O 1 |
| Chân 14 | GPIO.0 — General purpose I/O 0 |
| Chân 15 | ~SUSPEND — Suspend indicator, active low |
| Chân 16 | VPP — OTP ROM programming voltage (leave unconnected in application) |
| Chân 17 | ~SUSPEND — Complementary suspend indicator |
| Chân 18 | ~CTS — Clear To Send input (hardware flow control, active low) |
| Chân 19 | ~RTS — Request To Send output (hardware flow control, active low) |
| Chân 20 | RXD — UART receive data input |
| Chân 21 | TXD — UART transmit data output |
| Chân 22 | ~DSR — Data Set Ready input (modem signal, active low) |
| Chân 23 | ~DTR — Data Terminal Ready output (modem signal, active low) |
| Chân 24 | ~DCD — Data Carrier Detect input (modem signal, active low) |
Ứng dụng tiêu biểu
CP2104-F03-GMR phù hợp cho 6 Áp dụngs: MCU Programming and Debug Adapters, Industrial Controllers and Data Loggers, USB Virtual COM Port Dongles, Embedded Computing and IoT Gateways, Point-of-Sale and Payment Terminals, Medical Device Diagnostics Ports.
MCU Programming and Debug Adapters
The CP2104-F03-GMR is the de-facto USB-to-serial interface on ESP32, ESP8266, and many ARM Cortex-M development boards because its 2 Mbps ceiling covers all common ROM bootloader speeds and its 576-byte FIFO absorbs burst transfers during firmware flashing without dropping bytes. On the PCB it sits directly between the USB connector and the MCU's UART pins, with auto-program circuitry (DTR/RTS transistor networks) driving the MCU's EN/IO0 strapping. Because the transceiver and clock are integrated, an adapter can be built with just the CP2104, three decoupling capacitors, and an ~RST pull-up, yielding a very low BOM cost for production programmers.
Được đề xuất
Industrial Controllers and Data Loggers
In industrial controllers, the CP2104-F03-GMR provides a service port that field technicians use to reconfigure setpoints or dump logs over a standard USB cable. The -40C to +85C operating range and on-chip power-on-reset ensure reliable enumeration across factory floor temperature extremes, while the 1024-byte OTP ROM lets OEMs program a custom VID/PID so their service tool enumerates with a company-specific device name. Hardware flow control (~RTS/~CTS) protects logged data during long transfers, and the SUSPEND/~SUSPEND outputs allow the logger to gate its own peripherals when the host sleeps, cutting quiescent power in bus-powered installations.
Được đề xuất
USB Virtual COM Port Dongles
Standalone USB-to-UART dongles are the highest-volume application for the CP2104-F03-GMR. Because it enumerates as a virtual COM port with royalty-free drivers on Windows, macOS, and Linux, end users get plug-and-play serial connectivity without installation. The integrated 3.45 V regulator powers the bridge directly from VBUS, so a bus-powered dongle needs no LDO; VIO can be jumpered to 1.8 V, 3.3 V, or the regulator output to make a multi-voltage adapter. The 12 Mbps USB full-speed link is not the bottleneck for UART traffic at any baud rate up to 2 Mbps, and the exposed-pad QFN-24 dissipates heat readily in an enclosed plastic shell.
Được đề xuất
Embedded Computing and IoT Gateways
IoT gateways and single-board computers use the CP2104-F03-GMR as the console UART bridge exposing the SoC's debug serial port on a USB micro-B or Type-C receptacle. The 1.8 V VIO capability is key here: modern application processors run console UARTs at 1.8 V logic, and connecting VIO to the SoC rail lets the CP2104 interface directly without a level shifter, saving board area. Its small 4x4 mm QFN-24 footprint fits dense gateway PCBs, and the OTP ROM allows OEMs to ship a branded console port name in device manager, improving support triage. Full modem signals support consoles that require hardware handshaking.
Được đề xuất
Point-of-Sale and Payment Terminals
Payment terminals and POS peripherals frequently pair the CP2104-F03-GMR with secure elements and receipt printers that still communicate over UART. The bridge's 576-byte FIFO keeps transaction data intact under host scheduling jitter, and hardware flow control lines (~DTR/~DSR, ~DCD/~RI) map naturally onto legacy peripheral protocols that expect full modem signaling. Because the device enumerates with a stable, well-supported driver stack across POS terminal operating systems, integration risk is low. The OTP ROM supports per-unit serialization, which integrators use for asset tracking and tamper-evidence audits across terminal fleets.
Được đề xuất
Medical Device Diagnostics Ports
Diagnostic access ports on medical instruments use the CP2104-F03-GMR to expose calibration and self-test UARTs without adding firmware burden to the instrument's main MCU. The part's deterministic operation (no external crystal means no startup oscillator issues) and on-chip POR give reliable enumeration after power cycles, important for service-bay workflows. VIO operation at 1.8 V to 3.6 V lets it interface with low-voltage medical SoCs directly. Manufacturers program custom product strings via the 1024-byte OTP ROM so field-service laptops identify the diagnostic port unambiguously, and the -40C to +85C range covers storage and transport conditions per medical logistics requirements.
Được đề xuất
Tóm tắt các sản phẩm được đề xuất
Dữ liệu tham khảo kỹ thuật cho CP2104-F03-GMR — so sánh, hướng dẫn thiết kế và thông tin tuân thủ.
Hướng dẫn chọn lựa
So sánh với các sản phẩm thay thế
| Tham số | Sản phẩm này | CP2104-F03-GM | CP2103-GM | CP2105-F01-GM | CP2110-F01-GM |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Package | 24-QFN (4x4 mm) EP | 24-QFN (4x4 mm) EP - same | 24-QFN (4x4 mm) EP - same | 24-QFN (4x4 mm) EP - same | 24-QFN (4x4 mm) EP - same |
| Brand | Silicon Labs | Silicon Labs | Silicon Labs | Silicon Labs | Silicon Labs |
| UART Channels | 1 | 1 | 1 | 2 (ECI + RMI) | 1 |
| Baud Rate Range | 300 bps to 2 Mbps | 300 bps to 2 Mbps | 300 bps to 921.6 kbps | up to 2 Mbps (ECI port) | up to 921.6 kbps |
| USB Device Class | Virtual COM Port (CDC) | Virtual COM Port (CDC) | Virtual COM Port (CDC) | Virtual COM Port (CDC) | USB HID class (driverless) |
| Supply Voltage | 3 V to 3.6 V (VIO down to 1.8 V) | 3 V to 3.6 V (VIO down to 1.8 V) | 3 V to 3.6 V | 3 V to 3.6 V | 3 V to 3.6 V |
| Packaging | Tape & Reel | Tray | Tray | Tray | Tray |
Bảo phân biệt quan trọng
- Highest FIFO in the legacy single-channel family (vsCP2103-GM)
- Identical die, tray-vs-reel flexibility (vsCP2104-F03-GM)
- Simpler driver model than HID-class bridges (vsCP2110-F01-GM)
Ghi chú thiết kế
Place a 4.7 uF to 10 uF ceramic capacitor within 2 mm of VDD, and another on REGIN, plus 0.1 uF high-frequency bypass caps on both rails. The exposed pad on the QFN-24 bottom must be soldered to a ground pour with at least 4-6 vias to the ground plane - it is both the primary thermal path and the return path for USB signaling. Keep the D+/D- traces 90 ohm differential impedance if possible, matched in length, and route them away from the UART lines to prevent crosstalk-induced enumeration errors.
Always pull ~RST (pin 9) high with a 4.7 kohm to 10 kohm resistor; leaving it floating causes intermittent enumeration failures caused by ambient noise. VBUS (pin 8) must be connected to the USB connector VBUS line through a divider if the bus can exceed 5.25 V, since it is a sense input. VPP (pin 16) is only for factory OTP programming - do not tie it to any rail in production boards. When using the on-chip 3.45 V regulator, remember it can power only light external loads; check current limits in the Silicon Labs datasheet before budgeting external circuits.
VIO defines the UART-side logic level, so tie it to the same rail as the connected MCU's I/O bank - connecting VIO to 3.3 V while the MCU is a 1.8 V part will overdrive the MCU inputs. For long UART runs (>30 cm), add 100 ohm series resistors near the CP2104 TXD/RST outputs to damp ringing, and consider ~RTS/~CTS flow control because the 576-byte FIFO fills quickly at 2 Mbps when the host stalls. Auto-program circuits using ~DTR and ~RTS with NPN transistor pairs should include 10 kohm base resistors to prevent latch-up during USB hot-plug transients.
Thông tin tuân thủ
RoHS compliant and lead-free per LCSC and Silicon Labs product listings. REACH, halogen-free, and conflict-minerals declarations should be pulled from the Silicon Labs quality portal.
