ATMEGA16-16PI - 8-bit AVR MCU 16KB 16MHz DIP-40 | Microchip
料号： ATMEGA16-16PI ✓ 量产中| 数量 | 单价 | 小计 |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | $6.2 | $6.20 |
| 10 | $5.58 | $55.80 |
| 100 | $4.96 | $496.00 |
| 500 | $4.34 | $2,170.00 |
| 1,000 | $3.72 | $3,720.00 |
ATMEGA16-16PI 概述
An 8-bit microcontroller (MCU) is a single integrated circuit that combines a processor core, program memory, data memory, and peripherals such as timers, ADCs, and serial interfaces on one chip. Microcontrollers sit at the heart of embedded systems, below application processors and above discrete logic in the system hierarchy, and the AVR family pioneered the modern single-cycle RISC MCU architecture now maintained by Microchip Technology after its acquisition of Atmel.
Key features of the ATMEGA16-16PI include 131 powerful instructions, most executing in a single clock cycle, 32 general-purpose working registers, an 8-channel 10-bit ADC, three timers/counters (two 8-bit, one 16-bit), and a JTAG interface for on-chip debugging. Serial connectivity covers SPI, UART, USART, and TWI (I2C), giving the part flexible interconnect options for legacy and new designs.
Technical depth: the AVR enhanced RISC core is fully static and executes C-friendly code efficiently, with in-system self-programming flash enabling field firmware updates. The ATmega16 die delivers near-1-MIPS-per-MHz efficiency, and the 40-PDIP package makes it a favorite for prototyping, breadboarding, and through-hole industrial boards.
Typical applications include industrial control and automation, hobbyist and educational platforms (supported by the MightyCore Arduino hardware package), motor control interfaces, and measurement instruments leveraging the 10-bit ADC.
Design consideration: for reliable operation at 16 MHz, use the full-swing crystal oscillator option with correct fuse settings, and provide 100 nF decoupling on VCC and AVCC pins.
This page synthesizes distributor pricing, drop-in alternatives, and practical design notes not found in the manufacturer datasheet.
直接替换替代料： ATMEGA16-16PI ——相同封装，引脚兼容。需要 PCB 改动的不同封装料号已排除。
本系列中的变体
可与以下型号直接替换的同系列型号： ATMEGA16-16PI （相同外形与封装尺寸） ——差异在于 Operating Temperature, Instruction Set, Timers, Program Memory Size, EEPROM Size.
快速对比工具——选择替代料号进行并排对比：
ATMEGA16-16PC
✅ 直接替换✓ 有现货
$4.48 / 个
查看数据手册 →ATMEGA16-16PU
✅ 直接替换✓ 有现货
$3.88 / 个
查看数据手册 →ATMEGA16A-PI
✅ 直接替换 ⚠️ 规格未核验📋 参考替代料（不在目录中）
ATMEGA32-16PI
✅ 直接替换 ⚠️ 规格未核验✓ 有现货
$2.75 / 个
查看数据手册 →ATMEGA8535-16PI
✅ 直接替换 ⚠️ 规格未核验✓ 有现货
$1.65 / 个
查看数据手册 →ATMEGA16-16PI 最大额定值与电气特性
| Core Architecture | 8-bit AVR RISC |
| Flash Program Memory | 16 KB (8K x 16) In-System Programmable |
| SRAM | 1 KB |
| EEPROM | 512 B |
| Maximum CPU Speed | 16 MHz |
| Throughput | Up to 16 MIPS at 16 MHz |
| Instructions | 131 powerful instructions, most single-cycle |
| General Purpose Registers | 32 x 8-bit |
| ADC | 8-channel 10-bit |
| Timers/Counters | 2 x 8-bit, 1 x 16-bit |
| Serial Interfaces | SPI, UART, USART, TWI (I2C) |
| Debug Interface | JTAG for on-chip debug |
| GPIO | 32 programmable I/O pins |
| 工作温度 | -40C to +85C |
| 封装 | 40-PDIP |
| 安装类型 | Through Hole |
ATMEGA16-16PI 引脚配置
| 引脚 1 | PB0 (XCK/T0) — Port B bit 0, USART external clock / Timer0 clock input |
| 引脚 2 | PB1 (T1) — Port B bit 1, Timer1 external clock input |
| 引脚 3 | PB2 (AIN0/INT2) — Port B bit 2, analog comparator input 0 / external interrupt 2 |
| 引脚 4 | PB3 (AIN1/OC0) — Port B bit 3, analog comparator input 1 / Timer0 PWM output |
| 引脚 5 | PB4 (SS) — Port B bit 4, SPI slave select |
| 引脚 6 | PB5 (MOSI) — Port B bit 5, SPI master output / slave input (also ICSP data) |
| 引脚 7 | PB6 (MISO) — Port B bit 6, SPI master input / slave output (also ICSP data) |
| 引脚 8 | PB7 (SCK) — Port B bit 7, SPI serial clock (also ICSP clock) |
| 引脚 9 | RESET — Active-low reset input / ICSP programming reset |
| 引脚 10 | VCC — Digital supply voltage (4.5-5.5V for 16 MHz operation) |
| 引脚 11 | GND — Digital ground |
| 引脚 12 | XTAL2 — Inverting oscillator amplifier output |
| 引脚 13 | XTAL1 — Inverting oscillator amplifier input / external clock input |
| 引脚 14 | PD0 (RXD) — Port D bit 0, USART receive input |
| 引脚 15 | PD1 (TXD) — Port D bit 1, USART transmit output |
| 引脚 16 | PD2 (INT0) — Port D bit 2, external interrupt 0 |
| 引脚 17 | PD3 (INT1) — Port D bit 3, external interrupt 1 |
| 引脚 18 | PD4 (OC1B) — Port D bit 4, Timer1 PWM output B |
| 引脚 19 | PD5 (OC1A) — Port D bit 5, Timer1 PWM output A |
| 引脚 20 | PD6 (ICP1) — Port D bit 6, Timer1 input capture |
| 引脚 21 | PD7 (OC2) — Port D bit 7, Timer2 PWM output |
| 引脚 22 | PC0 (SCL) — Port C bit 0, TWI serial clock |
| 引脚 23 | PC1 (SDA) — Port C bit 1, TWI serial data |
| 引脚 24 | PC2 (TCK) — Port C bit 2, JTAG test clock |
| 引脚 25 | PC3 (TMS) — Port C bit 3, JTAG test mode select |
| 引脚 26 | PC4 (TDO) — Port C bit 4, JTAG test data output |
| 引脚 27 | PC5 (TDI) — Port C bit 5, JTAG test data input |
| 引脚 28 | PC6 (TOSC1) — Port C bit 6, Timer oscillator input (32.768 kHz RTC crystal) |
| 引脚 29 | PC7 (TOSC2) — Port C bit 7, Timer oscillator output |
| 引脚 30 | AVCC — Analog supply voltage for ADC (connect to VCC via low-pass filter) |
| 引脚 31 | GND — Ground |
| 引脚 32 | AREF — ADC analog reference voltage |
| 引脚 33 | PA0 (ADC0) — Port A bit 0, ADC channel 0 |
| 引脚 34 | PA1 (ADC1) — Port A bit 1, ADC channel 1 |
| 引脚 35 | PA2 (ADC2) — Port A bit 2, ADC channel 2 |
| 引脚 36 | PA3 (ADC3) — Port A bit 3, ADC channel 3 |
| 引脚 37 | PA4 (ADC4) — Port A bit 4, ADC channel 4 |
| 引脚 38 | PA5 (ADC5) — Port A bit 5, ADC channel 5 |
| 引脚 39 | PA6 (ADC6) — Port A bit 6, ADC channel 6 |
| 引脚 40 | PA7 (ADC7) — Port A bit 7, ADC channel 7 |
典型应用
ATMEGA16-16PI 适用于 6 应用s: Industrial Control and Automation, Educational and Hobbyist Platforms, Measurement Instruments and Data Acquisition, Embedded Serial Communication Nodes, Motor Control and PWM Actuator Drivers, Legacy Product Repair and End-of-Life Sustainment.
Industrial Control and Automation
The ATMEGA16-16PI fits industrial control because its -40C to +85C industrial rating, 16 MIPS throughput, and rich peripheral set (8-channel 10-bit ADC, 16-bit PWM, TWI/SPI/UART) cover typical sensor-to-actuator loops without external components. In a PLC-style board, ADC channels read transducers while timer1 PWM drives actuators; the through-hole PDIP-40 simplifies field service. Trade-off: at 16 MHz full speed the part needs 4.5-5.5V supply, and there is no hardware division, so control-loop tuning is done in integer math.
推荐
Educational and Hobbyist Platforms
The ATMEGA16-16PI is a classroom favorite because the DIP-40 package survives repeated insertion in breadboards and sockets, and the MightyCore Arduino hardware package provides Arduino IDE support for ATmega16, ATmega32, and ATmega8535. JTAG enables step-by-step on-chip debugging that low-end hobby MCUs lack, teaching professional workflows with the same chip. Consideration: firmware uses custom MightyCore board definitions rather than mainstream Arduino cores, so fuse configuration must be done manually or boards may fail to boot.
推荐
Measurement Instruments and Data Acquisition
With an 8-channel 10-bit ADC and differential input modes, the ATMEGA16-16PI builds compact multichannel acquisition front ends: port A doubles as ADC inputs, AVCC/AREF pins allow clean analog reference design, and the UART streams readings to a host while results are logged to the 512B EEPROM between transmissions. Up to 15kSPS at full 10-bit resolution gives adequate bandwidth for temperature, pressure, and voltage monitoring. For better resolution, an external delta-sigma ADC on SPI is a common companion approach.
推荐
Embedded Serial Communication Nodes
The ATMEGA16-16PI integrates USART, SPI, and TWI (I2C) on one die, making it an economical RS-232/RS-485 node or SPI/I2C bridge in legacy industrial buses. Pin 14 (RXD) and pin 15 (TXD) map directly to external transceivers; JTAG pins double as I2C (SCL/SDA on PC0/PC1) when debug is not used, so protocols can be mixed on a 40-pin footprint. Note: only one UART is present, so multi-drop designs should implement protocol handling carefully or step up to an ATmega128-class part.
推荐
Motor Control and PWM Actuator Drivers
Timer1 provides two high-speed PWM outputs (OC1A on PD5, OC1B on PD4) and timer2 adds OC2 on PD7, enabling multi-channel actuator drive: DC motor speed, servo positioning, and brightness control from a single ATMEGA16-16PI. The 16-bit timer gives fine duty-cycle resolution, and input-capture (ICP1 on PD6) supports tachometer feedback. Driving inductive loads requires external gate drivers or flyback protection; at 5V logic, level shifting is needed for 12V+ motor rails, which the companion gate drivers provide.
推荐
Legacy Product Repair and End-of-Life Sustainment
Many 2000s-era boards specify ATmega16 in DIP-40, and the ATMEGA16-16PI with its industrial rating and drop-in family (ATMEGA16-16PC/PU, ATMEGA16A-PI, ATMEGA32-16PI) is the standard sustainment choice. Socketed DIP packages allow firmware reflash without desoldering, and pin compatibility across the family means a repair shop can stock one footprint for several BOM variants. Caution: verify the 'I' versus 'C' temperature suffix against the original BOM environment before substitution in outdoor or cold-storage equipment.
推荐
推荐产品汇总
工程参考数据： ATMEGA16-16PI ——对比、设计指导和合规信息。
选型指南
与替代料对比
| 参数 | 本产品 | ATMEGA16-16PC | ATMEGA16-16PU | ATMEGA32-16PI | ATMEGA8535-16PI |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Package | 40-PDIP | 40-PDIP - same | 40-PDIP - same | 40-PDIP - same | 40-PDIP - same |
| Brand | Microchip Technology (Atmel) | Microchip Technology | Microchip Technology | Microchip Technology | Microchip Technology |
| Flash Program Memory | 16 KB | 16 KB | 16 KB | 32 KB | 8 KB |
| SRAM | 1 KB | 1 KB | 1 KB | 2 KB | 512 B |
| Maximum Clock Speed | 16 MHz | 16 MHz | 16 MHz | 16 MHz | 16 MHz |
| Operating Temperature | -40C to +85C (Industrial) | 0C to +70C (Commercial) | 0C to +70C (Commercial) | -40C to +85C (Industrial) | -40C to +85C (Industrial) |
| ADC | 8-channel 10-bit | 8-channel 10-bit | 8-channel 10-bit | 8-channel 10-bit | 8-channel 10-bit |
| JTAG Debug | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes |
| Mounting | Through Hole | Through Hole | Through Hole | Through Hole | Through Hole |
关键差异点
- JTAG on-chip debugging （对比 ATMEGA328P)
- Industrial temperature rating （对比 ATMEGA16-16PU)
- Memory-matched but upgradeable （对比 ATMEGA32-16PI)
设计说明
For 16 MHz operation the ATMEGA16-16PI requires a 4.5-5.5V supply per the datasheet speed-voltage curve; below 8 MHz it can run from 2.7V. Decouple VCC (pin 10) and AVCC (pin 30) with 100 nF ceramics placed within a few millimeters of each pin, and connect AVCC to VCC through a 10 uH inductor or low-pass RC when ADC accuracy matters. Estimated: a 16 MHz, 25 mA typical active current on a 5V rail dissipates about 125 mV x 1 A equivalence is negligible; self-heating in PDIP-40 is not a design driver.
Although the DIP-40 is through-hole, layout still matters: keep the crystal within 20 mm of XTAL1/XTAL2 (pins 13/12) with load capacitors grounded at a single point near GND pin 11. Route the analog ground return from pin 31 back to the power supply separately from digital switching currents to protect the 10-bit ADC's effective resolution. Use ICSP header (MOSI/MISO/SCK/RESET) accessible on-board for field firmware updates via SPI programming.
Fuse misconfiguration is the leading cause of bricked ATmega16 devices: setting SPIEN off while using ICSP, or selecting an external clock CKSEL with no clock source, locks out the part. Always program fuses with a slow ISP frequency (below 1/4 of system clock) and verify CKOPT for 16 MHz full-swing operation. Also, port C doubles as JTAG by default; if you need PC2-PC5 as GPIO, clear the JTAGEN fuse or disable JTAG in software using the JTD bit written twice within four cycles.
When driving long wiring or cables from port outputs, add 100-330 ohm series resistors to limit ringing and protect against transient latch-up; AVR I/O pins tolerate ±40 mA absolute maximum but recommended operating current is ±20 mA per pin. For the TWI (I2C) bus on PC0/PC1, external pull-ups of 4.7 kohm at 100 kHz or 2.2 kohm at 400 kHz are required, as the AVR does not provide internal bus pull-ups adequate for standard-mode operation.
合规信息
FindIC lists the ATMEGA16-16PI as GREEN package; lead-free PDIP with nickel-palladium-gold finish. REACH and conflict-minerals declarations not present in provided data - request Microchip product environmental report.
