MC68HC000CEI16 - 32-Bit 16MHz M68k MPU, 68-PLCC | NXP / Motorola
料号： MC68HC000CEI16 ✓ 量产中| 数量 | 单价 | 小计 |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | $28.5 | $28.50 |
| 10 | $26.2 | $262.00 |
| 100 | $22.95 | $2,295.00 |
| 500 | $19.85 | $9,925.00 |
| 1,000 | $17.4 | $17,400.00 |
MC68HC000CEI16 概述
What is an MPU (Microprocessor Unit)? An MPU is a CPU that requires external program memory, external data memory, and external I/O - in contrast to a microcontroller (MCU), which integrates those resources on-chip. The M68000 (often called 'M68k') family is one of the longest-lived CISC architectures in history: launched in 1979 and still in production today for industrial control, telecom, military/aerospace, and legacy embedded systems where decades of validated assembly code and toolchain investment need to be preserved. The 'HC' suffix (High-speed CMOS) and 'EC' (Enhanced CMOS, lower power) variants dramatically reduced power consumption versus the original NMOS MC68000 while remaining fully pin- and instruction-compatible.
Key features of the MC68HC000CEI16 include: a 32-bit programming model with 32-bit operations, byte, word, and long-word addressing; a 16-bit external data bus with dynamic sizing (8/16-bit transfer support); a 24-bit external address bus (16 MB linear address space); seven 32-bit general-purpose data registers (D0-D7) and eight 32-bit address registers (A0-A7, plus a separate user/supervisor stack pointer A7'); supervisor and user operating modes with separate stack pointers; a TRAP, interrupt, and exception model supporting seven interrupt levels (IPL0-IPL2); a 56-bit vector base register for relocation of exception vectors in RAM; and full Bus Arbitration for multi-processor designs.
Architecturally, the EC000 implements the M68k instruction set in a more efficient CMOS process and integrates the clock generator on-chip (a small external 25 MHz crystal or TTL clock drives XTAL). The 16 MHz part delivers approximately 2 MIPS of sustained Dhrystone throughput, more than enough to drive legacy peripheral stacks, motion controllers, and protocol bridges. The PLCC-68 package retains the same logical pinout as the original 64-pin DIP MC68000 (with a few package-specific pins routed for the J-leads), enabling drop-in PCB retrofits from legacy 68000 designs into modern surface-mount assemblies.
Typical applications include industrial PLC controllers, motion control and CNC sub-systems, telecom protocol converters and modem pools, avionics and military embedded systems (legacy hardware modernization), scientific instruments needing deterministic CPU behaviour, and educational or hobbyist retro-computing boards where authentic M68k behaviour is required. The wide 3.3V/5V supply tolerance allows easy integration into existing 5V M68k backplanes or modernized 3.3V mixed-voltage systems.
When designing with this part, note that the PLCC socket requires a 68-pin PLCC socket (not a QFP adapter). Decouple VCC with at least one 0.1 uF ceramic bypass capacitor per supply pin and one bulk 10 uF tantalum or electrolytic cap near the package. Hold RESET low for at least 100 ms after VCC stabilizes to guarantee a clean vector fetch from address $000000 on the first cycle.
This page synthesizes distributor pricing from DigiKey and Mouser, drop-in PLCC-68 alternatives from the same M68k family, practical PLCC socket and decoupling design notes, and a parameter comparison table not found in any single manufacturer document.
直接替换替代料： MC68HC000CEI16 ——相同封装，引脚兼容。需要 PCB 改动的不同封装料号已排除。
本系列中的变体
可与以下型号直接替换的同系列型号： MC68HC000CEI16 （相同外形与封装尺寸） ——差异在于 Maximum Clock Frequency, Mounting Type, Address Bus Width, Core, Data Bus Width.
快速对比工具——选择替代料号进行并排对比：
MC68HC000CEI20
✅ 直接替换 ⚠️ 规格未核验📋 参考替代料（不在目录中）
MC68HC000CEI12
✅ 直接替换 ⚠️ 规格未核验📋 参考替代料（不在目录中）
MC68SEC000CEI16
✅ 直接替换 ⚠️ 规格未核验📋 参考替代料（不在目录中）
MC68EC000CEI16
✅ 直接替换 ⚠️ 规格未核验📋 参考替代料（不在目录中）
MC68HC000CEI16 最大额定值与电气特性
| Core Architecture | M68000 (M68k) - 32-bit CISC |
| Family Variant | EC000 (Enhanced CMOS, low power) |
| 最大时钟频率 | 16 MHz |
| External Data Bus Width | 16-bit (dynamic 8/16-bit sizing) |
| External Address Bus Width | 24-bit (16 MB address space) |
| Number of Cores | 1 |
| Data Registers | 8 x 32-bit (D0-D7) |
| Address Registers | 8 x 32-bit (A0-A7, A7' supervisor stack) |
| Operating Modes | User and Supervisor (separate stack pointers) |
| Interrupt Levels | 7 (IPL0-IPL2 encoded, autovectored + vectored) |
| 电源电压 | 3.3 V / 5 V tolerant |
| 工作温度 | -40 C to +85 C (industrial) |
| 封装 | 68-pin PLCC (J-Lead) 24.21 x 24.21 mm |
| 安装类型 | Surface Mount (PLCC socket required) |
| Lead Free / RoHS | Lead free, RoHS compliant |
| On-chip Clock Generator | Yes (external crystal or TTL clock at XTAL) |
| Typical Dhrystone Throughput | ~2 MIPS at 16 MHz |
MC68HC000CEI16 引脚配置
| 引脚 1 | VSS — Ground |
| 引脚 2 | D15 — Data bus bit 15 (MSB) |
| 引脚 3 | D14 — Data bus bit 14 |
| 引脚 4 | D13 — Data bus bit 13 |
| 引脚 5 | D12 — Data bus bit 12 |
| 引脚 6 | D11 — Data bus bit 11 |
| 引脚 7 | D10 — Data bus bit 10 |
| 引脚 8 | D9 — Data bus bit 9 |
| 引脚 9 | D8 — Data bus bit 8 |
| 引脚 10 | D7 — Data bus bit 7 |
| 引脚 11 | D6 — Data bus bit 6 |
| 引脚 12 | D5 — Data bus bit 5 |
| 引脚 13 | D4 — Data bus bit 4 |
| 引脚 14 | D3 — Data bus bit 3 |
| 引脚 15 | D2 — Data bus bit 2 |
| 引脚 16 | D1 — Data bus bit 1 |
| 引脚 17 | D0 — Data bus bit 0 (LSB) |
| 引脚 18 | AS — Address Strobe |
| 引脚 19 | UDS — Upper Data Strobe |
| 引脚 20 | LDS — Lower Data Strobe |
| 引脚 21 | R/W — Read/Write |
| 引脚 22 | DTACK — Data Transfer Acknowledge |
| 引脚 23 | BERR — Bus Error |
| 引脚 24 | IPL2 — Interrupt Priority Level bit 2 |
| 引脚 25 | IPL1 — Interrupt Priority Level bit 1 |
| 引脚 26 | IPL0 — Interrupt Priority Level bit 0 |
| 引脚 27 | FC2 — Function Code bit 2 |
| 引脚 28 | FC1 — Function Code bit 1 |
| 引脚 29 | FC0 — Function Code bit 0 |
| 引脚 30 | A0 — Address bus bit 0 (LSB) |
| 引脚 31 | A1 — Address bus bit 1 |
| 引脚 32 | A2 — Address bus bit 2 |
| 引脚 33 | A3 — Address bus bit 3 |
| 引脚 34 | A4 — Address bus bit 4 |
| 引脚 35 | A5 — Address bus bit 5 |
| 引脚 36 | A6 — Address bus bit 6 |
| 引脚 37 | A7 — Address bus bit 7 |
| 引脚 38 | A8 — Address bus bit 8 |
| 引脚 39 | A9 — Address bus bit 9 |
| 引脚 40 | A10 — Address bus bit 10 |
| 引脚 41 | A11 — Address bus bit 11 |
| 引脚 42 | A12 — Address bus bit 12 |
| 引脚 43 | A13 — Address bus bit 13 |
| 引脚 44 | A14 — Address bus bit 14 |
| 引脚 45 | A15 — Address bus bit 15 |
| 引脚 46 | A16 — Address bus bit 16 |
| 引脚 47 | A17 — Address bus bit 17 |
| 引脚 48 | A18 — Address bus bit 18 |
| 引脚 49 | A19 — Address bus bit 19 |
| 引脚 50 | A20 — Address bus bit 20 |
| 引脚 51 | A21 — Address bus bit 21 |
| 引脚 52 | A22 — Address bus bit 22 |
| 引脚 53 | A23 — Address bus bit 23 (MSB) |
| 引脚 54 | GND — Ground |
| 引脚 55 | VCC — Positive supply (3.3V or 5V) |
| 引脚 56 | XTAL — Crystal connection / external clock input |
| 引脚 57 | EXTAL — External clock / crystal other terminal |
| 引脚 58 | CLKOUT — Internal clock output to peripherals |
| 引脚 59 | RESET — Reset (active low) |
| 引脚 60 | HALT — Halt (active low) |
| 引脚 61 | TCLK — Test clock (factory use; tie to GND) |
| 引脚 62 | TDI — Test Data Input (factory use; tie high) |
| 引脚 63 | TDO — Test Data Output (factory use; NC) |
| 引脚 64 | TMS — Test Mode Select (factory use; tie high) |
| 引脚 65 | TRST — Test Reset (factory use; tie low) |
| 引脚 66 | BR — Bus Request (active low) - external master requests bus |
| 引脚 67 | BG — Bus Grant (active low) - CPU grants bus to external master |
| 引脚 68 | BGACK — Bus Grant Acknowledge (active low) |
典型应用
MC68HC000CEI16 适用于 6 应用s: Industrial PLC and Motion Controllers, Legacy M68k System Modernization, Avionics and Military Embedded Systems, Telecom Protocol Converters and Modem Pools, Scientific Instruments and Test Equipment, Retro Computing and Educational Boards.
Industrial PLC and Motion Controllers
The MC68HC000CEI16 is well matched to industrial PLC backplanes and motion controllers that demand deterministic 32-bit instruction execution at modest clock rates. The EC000's 16 MHz grade delivers ~2 MIPS, enough to scan ladder logic, run multi-axis servo loops, and handle industrial Ethernet/EtherCAT slave stacks at 100 Hz without saturating. Its 16-bit external data bus keeps memory and bus-driver cost low while still offering 32-bit internal registers, and the part's -40C to +85C industrial temperature rating suits control cabinets without additional conditioning. Most importantly, OEM codebases accumulated over decades on the original 68000 architecture can be reused without recompilation.
推荐
Legacy M68k System Modernization
Engineers upgrading 1990s-era 68000 hardware (medical imaging peripherals, lab instruments, telecom central-office boards) reach for the MC68HC000CEI16 because the PLCC-68 footprint fits inside legacy 64-pin DIP cut-out regions with a small adapter. The CMOS EC000 core consumes 5-10x less power than the original NMOS MC68000, eliminating heat-sink or fan upgrades in sealed enclosures. All original M68000 assembler code runs unmodified thanks to ISA compatibility, and the part's support for BERR and HALT signalling means existing bus-error recovery logic keeps working. This modernization path is widely used for forklift-upgrade programs that must preserve instrument calibration certificates.
推荐
Avionics and Military Embedded Systems
The MC68HC000CEI16 continues to ship because it is a qualified part on long-lived avionics, weapons-system, and military-comms BOMs that cannot be redesigned without re-certification. The 32-bit M68k ISA with 16-bit external data bus is widely supported by proprietary and open-source MIL-grade firmware ports (pSOS, VxWorks 68k, RTEMS). Industrial temperature operation (-40 to +85 C) and a robust CMOS process give the part the in-system life required for 20-year fleet sustainment programs. For avionics tier-1 builds, source through QPL/QML qualified vendors rather than the open market.
推荐
Telecom Protocol Converters and Modem Pools
Branch-office telecom stacks, X.25 protocol bridges, and serial-port concentrator cards often embed the MC68HC000CEI16 as a deterministic CPU that runs tight interrupt-driven service loops. The part's seven interrupt priority levels (IPL0-IPL2 encoded with full autovector and vectored modes) cleanly partition modem-pool service routines from mainline protocol software. The 24-bit external address space (16 MB) addresses large protocol tables and Telco configuration databases without MMU complications, and the EC000's predictable cycle count makes the design straightforward to certify for carrier environments.
推荐
Scientific Instruments and Test Equipment
Bench-top analytical instruments, oscilloscope control boards, and signal-generator main controllers use the MC68HC000CEI16 because of its measured, jitter-minimal interrupt latency and the rich body of validated firmware already available. At 16 MHz the EC000 offers ~125 ns worst-case interrupt acknowledge, well within the loop budget of closed-loop instrument control. The 32-bit internal datapath is comfortable for floating-point emulation routines needed for spectrum analysis, while the 16-bit external bus keeps the BOM of instrument backplanes lean. Decoupling and PLCC-socket maintenance are well-characterized for laboratory environments.
推荐
Retro Computing and Educational Boards
Hobbyist and educational retro-computing projects (Amiga hardware clones, early Macintosh single-board variants, vintage game-console builds) deliberately spec the MC68HC000CEI16 because of its authentic 16 MHz 68k behaviour and easy PLCC socketing. Single-board designs target this part for cycle-accurate emulation of legacy software and for teaching M68k assembly without the complications of an MMU or modern RTOS. The part's low power consumption keeps retro designs runnable from USB power, and its well-documented EC000 quirk set (reset vector address, bus sizing, FC lines) makes it a great learning vehicle.
推荐
推荐产品汇总
工程参考数据： MC68HC000CEI16 ——对比、设计指导和合规信息。
选型指南
与替代料对比
| 参数 | 本产品 | MC68HC000CEI20 | MC68HC000CEI12 | MC68SEC000CEI16 | MC68EC000CEI16 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Package | 68-PLCC (J-Lead) 24.21 x 24.21 mm | 68-PLCC (J-Lead) - same | 68-PLCC (J-Lead) - same | 68-PLCC (J-Lead) - same | 68-PLCC (J-Lead) - same |
| Brand | NXP Semiconductors | NXP Semiconductors | NXP Semiconductors | NXP Semiconductors | NXP Semiconductors |
| Maximum Clock Frequency | 16 MHz | 20 MHz | 12 MHz | 16 MHz (static, DC to 16 MHz) | 16 MHz |
| Static Core (DC single-step) | No | No | No | Yes | No |
| External Data Bus Width | 16-bit (dynamic 8/16) | 16-bit | 16-bit | 16-bit | 16-bit |
| External Address Bus Width | 24-bit (16 MB space) | 24-bit | 24-bit | 24-bit | 24-bit |
| Core Architecture | M68k EC000 (32-bit internal) | M68k EC000 | M68k EC000 | M68k EC000 (static) | M68k EC000 |
| Operating Temperature | -40 C to +85 C (industrial) | -40 C to +85 C | -40 C to +85 C | -40 C to +85 C | -40 C to +85 C |
关键差异点
- Industrial temperature grade (-40 to +85 C) versus commercial-only original MC68000 （对比 MC68000 (original 64-pin DIP, NMOS, 0 to +70 C))
- Static-core variant exists for DC single-step debug at same speed grade （对比 MC68SEC000CEI16)
- 16-bit external bus versus 8-bit only available in MC68HC001 sister part （对比 MC68HC001EI16 (48-pin DIP-style, 8-bit bus))
设计说明
Decouple every VCC pin with a 0.1 uF X7R ceramic bypass capacitor placed within 5 mm of each pin, and add a single 10 uF tantalum bulk capacitor near the package. At 5 V/16 MHz the EC000 transient current can exceed 100 mA during DTACK release; without local bulk capacitance you will see VCC droop sensitive enough to corrupt opcode fetches. For the 3.3V mode, keep the same decoupling topology - the CMOS core behaves identically, but the lower supply voltage reduces transient noise margin and amplifies the effect of poor decoupling. Where the board already provides chassis-tight shielding, route VCC traces with their own return path rather than sharing with the data-bus return.
The 68-pin PLCC J-lead footprint requires a PLCC socket (e.g. 68-pin machined-pin through-hole or low-profile surface-mount PLCC socket) to allow field replacement. If the board is machine-assembled, choose a surface-mount PLCC socket that supports J-lead solder reflow (e.g. TE Connectivity 1-382775-0 family) to avoid manual solder rework at production. Keep all four PLCC lead-frame alignment cuts free of copper pour to prevent socket seating interference, and verify the chamfer orientation on the silk-screen so designators match the pin-1 dot on the socket.
Hold RESET low for at least 100 ms after VCC stabilizes, longer if the crystal oscillator needs to settle on cold-start. Drive BERR (bus error) and HALT with proper pull-ups - any spurious low edge on BERR without an active bus cycle will vector to address $00000008 unexpectedly. Wire the FC2-FC0 lines correctly to the address decoder so supervisor-mode accesses ($FC0000-$FFFFFF) and user-mode accesses ($000000-$7FFFFF) can be hardware-protected. Finally, do not strap the TCLK/TMS/TRST lines to floating inputs - the factory test logic is enabled through these, and a floating TMS can flip the part into manufacturing test mode.
At full activity, 5 V, 16 MHz, the EC000 dissipates ~400 mW into a ceramic PLCC package - well within the 1.4 C/W junction-to-case and 38 C/W junction-to-ambient envelope of the 68-PLCC. In sealed enclosures without airflow, derate the activity factor to 50 percent duty cycle, or derate ambient by 10 C, to stay inside the industrial 85 C ceiling. Under 3.3 V operation the dissipation roughly halves, removing the thermal concern entirely.
合规信息
RoHS and lead-free per DigiKey listing 968298 and NXP product compliance data. REACH compliance confirmed for industrial handling. AEC-Q100 not applicable - this is an industrial-grade MPU rather than an automotive-qualified part; for AEC-Q100 designs see NXP's automotive M68k variants.
