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VNQ660SPTR-E - Quad 6A High-Side Smart Power Switch | STMicroelectronics
The STMicroelectronics VNQ660SPTR-E is a quad-channel monolithic high-side solid-state relay built on ST's VIPower M0-3 technology, delivering four independent 6A switches in a 10-pin PowerSO exposed-bottom-pad package. It targets 6V to 36V supply operation with a typical on-state resistance of 40 mOhm per channel, and integrates CMOS-compatible inputs plus load-dump-safe protection including overvoltage clamp, undervoltage shutdown, overvoltage shutdown, open-load detection in the off state, thermal shutdown, and reverse-battery protection through the exposed thermal pad. A high-side smart power switch is an integrated semiconductor relay that sits between a positive supply rail and a load (typically a resistive or inductive load referenced to ground). Within the broader power-management hierarchy, it belongs to the voltage-protection and distribution family - one level above simple power MOSFETs, equivalent in function to an electromechanical relay but with diagnostic feedback, faster switching, and no moving contacts. Quad-channel parts combine four independent switches and their protection logic into one package, reducing PCB area in body-control modules where multiple bulbs, solenoids, or motor winders share a common positive feed. The VNQ660SPTR-E distinguishes itself with very low quiescent current draw in standby, integrated charge pump for true high-side drive (no bootstrap capacitor required), and an analog status flag that reflects fault conditions per channel. According to the ST datasheet VNQ660SP family document, the device is rated for a maximum on-state resistance of 40 mOhm at 25C on each of its four channels, with continuous per-channel current up to 6A when properly heat-sunk through the PowerSO exposed pad. The architecture is built on a vertical double-diffused MOS process, which yields low RDS(on) and high avalanche ruggedness for switching of inductive loads such as automotive lamps and solenoids. Typical applications include automotive body-control modules for driving lamps, motors, and solenoids; industrial PLC digital output cards; multi-channel relay replacement in HVAC and appliance controls; and any 12V/24V system where a logic-level signal must switch high-current loads without a discrete MOSFET+freewheel-diode+resistor network. Power dissipation is dominated by I-squared-R across the FET, so a 6A continuous load per channel demands a substantial copper area bonded to the exposed bottom pad. When designing with this part, never float the input pins: tie unused inputs through a 10k resistor to logic high so the corresponding output stays off. Also verify that the supply decoupling capacitor is rated for the load-dump transient expected in automotive environments - a 100V-rated 100nF X7R ceramic directly from VCC to GND close to the IC pins is a typical datasheet recommendation. This page synthesizes distributor pricing snapshots, a curated set of pin-compatible drop-in alternates, recommended companion parts, and practical design notes - data not assembled on a single manufacturer or distributor page - to help engineers compare options quickly and avoid the most common VNQ660SPTR-E integration mistakes.
VNQ7004AYTR - Quad High-Side Driver, 4x 70mOhm | STMicroelectronics
The STMicroelectronics VNQ7004AYTR is a monolithic quad-channel high-side driver designed for automotive and industrial resistive, inductive, and capacitive loads. It integrates four 70 mOhm (typical) high-side switches with full protection and diagnostic features in a 28-pin PowerSSO-28 package. The device operates from a 4V to 28V supply voltage, making it suitable for 12V and 24V automotive systems. A high-side driver is a power management IC that connects a load to the positive supply rail, providing switching, protection, and diagnostic functions. It sits between the microcontroller and the load, translating low-voltage logic signals into high-current switching actions. In the power management hierarchy, a high-side driver is a type of power switch, which falls under power management ICs, which are part of the broader semiconductor category. This device integrates four such drivers in a single package, reducing board space and component count. Key features include a very low standby current of 0.5 uA (typical) for battery preservation, a wide operating voltage range of 4V to 28V, and a maximum output current of 7A per channel (limited by package thermal capability). Each channel has overcurrent, overtemperature, and short-circuit protection, with a diagnostic output that reports fault conditions via a current-sense or digital feedback pin. The device is AEC-Q100 qualified, ensuring reliability for automotive applications. The VNQ7004AYTR uses a vertical power MOSFET technology with an integrated charge pump for the high-side gate drive. This architecture allows for efficient switching with a typical on-resistance of 70 mOhm per channel, minimizing power dissipation. The device also features a dedicated current-sense output that can be used for load current monitoring, enabling precise control and fault detection in applications such as lighting, motors, and solenoids. Typical applications include automotive body control modules, interior and exterior lighting, DC motor control, and industrial PLC outputs. The device's ability to drive inductive loads with built-in freewheeling protection makes it ideal for relay and solenoid replacement. Its diagnostic capabilities allow for real-time load monitoring, improving system reliability and enabling predictive maintenance. When designing with this device, ensure adequate PCB copper area for thermal dissipation, as the PowerSSO-28 package relies on the exposed pad for heat transfer. The current-sense output should be connected to an ADC input for accurate load monitoring, and the enable pins should be controlled by the microcontroller with proper pull-down resistors to avoid unintended activation during power-up.
VNQ7008AYTR - 8-Channel High-Side Driver | STMicroelectronics
The VNQ7008AYTR is an 8-channel high-side driver from STMicroelectronics, designed for automotive and industrial applications requiring robust, protected power switching. It integrates eight power MOSFETs with advanced protection features, delivering up to 0.7 A per channel (total 5.6 A) in a compact PowerSSO-36 package. The device operates from a 4.5 V to 28 V supply, making it suitable for 12 V and 24 V systems. A high-side driver is a power management IC that switches power to a load connected to ground, providing a simple and safe interface between a microcontroller and high-current loads. It integrates the power transistor, protection circuitry, and diagnostic feedback, reducing external component count and PCB area. High-side drivers are essential in automotive body control modules, industrial PLCs, and smart lighting systems where reliable, protected switching is critical. Key features of the VNQ7008AYTR include a low quiescent current of 5 µA in standby mode, a maximum standby current of 5 µA, and a wide operating temperature range from -40°C to +150°C. Each channel has independent overcurrent, overtemperature, and short-circuit protection, with a diagnostic output for fault reporting. The device also features a 16-bit SPI interface for advanced control and diagnostics, enabling real-time monitoring of load status and fault conditions. The VNQ7008AYTR uses STMicroelectronics' VIPower M0-5 technology, which integrates the power stages with CMOS control logic on a single die. This architecture provides low on-resistance (typically 0.7 Ω per channel) and fast switching, minimizing power dissipation and enabling high-frequency PWM control. The PowerSSO-36 package offers excellent thermal performance with a thermal resistance of 40 °C/W, allowing operation at high ambient temperatures without external heatsinking. Typical applications include automotive body control modules (lighting, wipers, mirrors), industrial PLC output stages, and smart home automation systems. The SPI interface allows a microcontroller to configure each channel, read diagnostic data, and implement advanced load management strategies, making it ideal for distributed intelligence in vehicles and industrial equipment. When designing with the VNQ7008AYTR, ensure adequate PCB copper area for thermal dissipation, especially when driving multiple channels at high current. The SPI interface requires careful layout to minimize noise, and the supply voltage must be decoupled with a 100 nF ceramic capacitor close to the VCC pin. The device's protection features eliminate the need for external clamping diodes, simplifying the BOM and improving reliability.
VNQ7050AJTR - 40V 40mOhm Quad High-Side Driver | STMicroelectronics
The VNQ7050AJTR is a quad-channel high-side driver from STMicroelectronics, designed for automotive and industrial applications requiring robust, protected power switching. It integrates four independent high-side switches with a 40V maximum supply voltage and a typical on-state resistance of 40mOhm per channel, capable of delivering up to 9A per channel. The device is housed in a PowerSSO-16 package, offering a compact footprint for space-constrained PCB designs. A high-side driver is a power management IC that connects a load to the positive supply rail, providing switching, protection, and diagnostic functions. In automotive systems, high-side drivers are essential for controlling lamps, solenoids, motors, and resistive loads, replacing discrete MOSFETs and relays with a single integrated solution. The VNQ7050AJTR belongs to the VIPower M0-5 family, which is part of STMicroelectronics' extensive portfolio of smart power switches designed for harsh environments. Key features of the VNQ7050AJTR include undervoltage shutdown, overvoltage clamp, load current limitation, thermal shutdown with auto-restart, and a dedicated status output for fault detection. Each channel has an open-drain diagnostic pin that reports overcurrent, overtemperature, and other fault conditions. The device also features a very low standby current of 0.5uA, making it suitable for battery-powered applications where quiescent draw is critical. The VNQ7050AJTR uses ST's proprietary VIPower M0-5 technology, which integrates a vertical MOSFET with intelligent control circuitry on a single chip. This architecture provides fast switching, low conduction losses, and robust protection against short circuits and thermal overload. The device is AEC-Q100 qualified, ensuring reliability for automotive applications, and is RoHS compliant. Typical applications include automotive body control modules, lighting control (LED and incandescent), DC motor control, and industrial PLC outputs. The device's ability to drive inductive loads with built-in demagnetization energy handling makes it ideal for relay and solenoid replacement. In automotive lighting, the VNQ7050AJTR can drive multiple LED strings with PWM dimming, thanks to its fast switching capability. When designing with the VNQ7050AJTR, ensure adequate PCB copper area for heat dissipation, as the PowerSSO-16 package relies on the exposed pad for thermal management. The device's current limitation feature protects the load and the IC, but the designer must consider the thermal budget under continuous short-circuit conditions. Proper decoupling capacitors on the supply and careful layout of the diagnostic pins are recommended for reliable operation.
VNQ7080AJTR - Quad High-Side Driver 13.6A | STMicroelectronics | PowerSSO-16
The VNQ7080AJTR is a quad-channel smart high-side driver from STMicroelectronics, designed for automotive and industrial load-switching applications. It integrates four N-channel power MOSFETs with a 1:1 configuration, capable of delivering up to 13.6A per channel in a PowerSSO-16 package. The device operates with a very low standby current and is compatible with 3V and 5V CMOS logic outputs, making it suitable for direct microcontroller interfacing. A high-side driver is a power management IC that switches a load connected to the positive supply rail. It integrates the power switch, protection features, and diagnostic functions in a single package, simplifying PCB design and improving reliability. In the power management hierarchy, a high-side driver falls under power distribution switches, which are part of the broader category of power management ICs used in automotive body control modules, industrial PLCs, and lighting systems. Key features of the VNQ7080AJTR include a very low standby current for battery-powered applications, compatibility with 3V and 5V CMOS outputs for direct logic control, and a PowerSSO-16 package that offers a compact footprint with excellent thermal performance. The device also provides current sense analog feedback (MultiSense), enabling precise load monitoring and diagnostics. These features make it ideal for driving resistive, inductive, and capacitive loads in harsh environments. The VNQ7080AJTR uses STMicroelectronics' VIPower M0-5 technology, which integrates the power MOSFET with control and protection circuitry on a single die. This architecture provides robust protection against overcurrent, overtemperature, and short-circuit conditions, ensuring reliable operation in automotive and industrial applications. The MultiSense analog feedback allows the microcontroller to monitor load current and detect faults, enhancing system-level diagnostics. Typical applications include automotive body control modules, interior and exterior lighting, industrial PLC output stages, and DC motor control. The device's ability to handle high inrush currents and its low standby current make it particularly suitable for battery-operated systems where power efficiency is critical. When designing with the VNQ7080AJTR, ensure proper thermal management by providing adequate copper area on the PCB for heat dissipation. The PowerSSO-16 package has a thermal resistance that requires careful layout to maintain junction temperature within safe limits. Additionally, the MultiSense pin should be connected to an ADC input with appropriate filtering to achieve accurate current sensing.
VNQ7140AJTR - 40mOhm Quad High-Side Driver | STMicroelectronics
The VNQ7140AJTR is a quad-channel high-side driver from STMicroelectronics, designed for automotive and industrial loads. It integrates four 40mOhm power MOSFETs with advanced protection and diagnostic features in a PowerSSO-16 package. The device operates from a 4V to 28V supply, delivering up to 9A per channel, and is AEC-Q100 qualified for automotive applications. Data verified as of 2026-08-05. A high-side driver is a power management IC that connects a load to the positive supply rail, providing switching, protection, and diagnostic functions. It sits between the microcontroller and the load, translating low-voltage logic signals into high-current switching. In the system hierarchy, a high-side driver is a type of power switch, which falls under power management ICs, which are part of the broader semiconductor category. This device is specifically a smart high-side driver, integrating protection and diagnostics on-chip. Key features include a low ON-resistance of 40mOhm per channel, which minimizes power dissipation and supports high continuous currents. Each channel has independent overcurrent, overtemperature, and short-circuit protection, with a diagnostic output that reports fault conditions via a current-sense or digital feedback. The device also features a standby mode with very low quiescent current, making it suitable for battery-powered systems. The PowerSSO-16 package offers excellent thermal performance with an exposed pad for heat dissipation. The VNQ7140AJTR uses ST's VIPower M0-5 technology, which integrates the power MOSFET with control and protection circuitry on a single die. This architecture ensures fast and reliable switching, with a typical turn-on time of 20us and turn-off time of 30us. The device is designed to handle inductive loads, with built-in output clamping for demagnetization. It also includes a load current sense output that can be used for diagnostics or closed-loop control. Typical applications include automotive body control modules, such as driving exterior lights, interior lighting, and small motors. It is also used in industrial PLCs for driving solenoids and relays, and in smart power distribution systems. The device's wide operating voltage range and robust protection make it ideal for harsh environments. When designing with this device, ensure adequate PCB copper area for thermal dissipation, especially when driving high currents. The exposed pad should be soldered to a large ground plane. Also, consider the inrush current of capacitive loads, which may trigger overcurrent protection; a soft-start or external capacitor may be needed. This page synthesizes distributor pricing, drop-in alternatives, and practical design notes not found in the ST datasheet, providing a comprehensive resource for engineers.
VNS1NV04D13TR - Dual OMNIFET II 40V 1.7A Low-Side Switch | STMicroelectronics
The STMicroelectronics VNS1NV04D13TR is a dual monolithic OMNIFET II fully autoprotected power MOSFET housed in a standard 8-pin SO-8 (SOIC-8) surface-mount package, integrating two independent N-channel low-side switches rated for 40V drain-to-source breakdown and 1.7A continuous channel current per device. Each switch features a 250 mOhm typical on-state resistance (RDS(on)) and is engineered for harsh automotive and industrial environments, with built-in linear current limitation, thermal shutdown, integrated active clamp, short-circuit protection, and ESD protection on the input pin. An OMNIFET II (OMNI-purpose MOSFET, second generation) is a fully protected, self-contained intelligent low-side power switch that combines the low-loss advantages of a power MOSFET with the diagnostic and protection features traditionally implemented externally. OMNIFET II devices sit within the broader category of power distribution switches, which themselves belong to the power management IC family used to drive relays, solenoids, lamps, and resistive or inductive loads in 12V and 24V systems. Key differentiating features include extremely low current draw from the logic-level input pin, automatic over-temperature and over-voltage shutdown with auto-restart, a status feedback pin that can sink current when a fault condition is detected, and a compact SO-8 footprint that allows two protected switches in the same board area previously required for a single discrete MOSFET plus protection circuitry. The active clamp absorbs inductive kickback when switching off coils, removing the need for an external freewheeling diode in most applications. The device is built on STMicroelectronics' proprietary OMNIFET II process, which co-integrates a vertical DMOS output stage with CMOS-compatible analog protection and logic blocks on the same silicon die. This co-integration eliminates parasitic wiring inductance between the MOSFET and its protection circuits, enabling faster fault response times than discrete solutions. The 3V to 5V CMOS-compatible input thresholds allow direct connection to microcontroller GPIO pins without level shifters. Typical applications include automotive body electronics such as door lock actuators, seat control motors, and lamp drivers; industrial PLC discrete outputs; relay and solenoid drivers; and any 12V/24V load-driving circuit that requires per-channel fault diagnostics. The dual-channel configuration is particularly valuable in space-constrained designs that previously required two separate protected switches. When designing with this part, ensure that the high-side of the load connects to the battery/supply rail and the low-side returns through the device's drain pin. Decouple the supply close to the source pins, and route the drain traces with adequate copper area to handle the 1.7A continuous current without exceeding the SO-8 thermal limits (typically a 2-ounce copper pour of at least 100 mm^2 per channel). This page synthesizes distributor pricing, drop-in alternatives, and practical design notes not found in the manufacturer datasheet, providing engineers with a faster path from selection to PCB layout.
VNS3NV04DPTR-E - OMNIFET II 40V 3.5A Power Switch | STMicroelectronics
The STMicroelectronics VNS3NV04DPTR-E is a monolithic OMNIFET II fully autoprotected low-side power switch housed in an 8-pin SO-8 surface-mount package. Built on ST's proprietary VIPower M0-3 technology, the device integrates two OMNIFET II chips and replaces a standard Power MOSFET in DC switching applications up to 50 kHz. Key headline specifications include 40 V drain-source clamp voltage, 35 mOhm maximum on-state resistance, 3.5 A continuous drain current, and 12 A peak current capability. An OMNIFET II is a fully autoprotected N-channel power MOSFET with on-chip diagnostics and protection features. It belongs to the broader category of smart power switches, which sit hierarchically below discrete power MOSFETs and above simple load switches. By integrating clamping, current limiting, thermal shutdown, and ESD protection into a single die, OMNIFET II parts reduce PCB footprint, simplify firmware, and improve reliability versus discrete MOSFET + discrete protection designs. The VNS3NV04DPTR-E features built-in 40 V drain-source avalanche clamping, self-limiting current at typical 3.5 A, thermal shutdown with autorestart, and integrated ESD gate protection. Its 35 mOhm Rds(on) at 25 C keeps conduction losses low, while the SO-8 footprint with thermal pad enables effective heat spreading on standard 1- or 2-ounce copper. The device is qualified for automotive environments and targets replacement of standard Power MOSFETs in DC applications. Architecturally, the device combines two identical OMNIFET II half-bridge dies on one SO-8 substrate, giving the designer flexibility to wire the channels in parallel for higher current or in independent configuration for dual-load switching. The VIPower M0-3 process uses vertical DMOS with on-chip logic, allowing the part to behave as a self-contained solid-state relay. Typical applications include automotive body controllers, BCM-driven loads (lamps, motors, solenoids), industrial PLC output modules, and any 12 V or 24 V DC load switching requiring diagnostic feedback. Compared with mechanical relays, OMNIFET II provides silent switching, longer life, and built-in fault detection. Designers should add a 100 nF gate bypass and confirm heatsinking for PWM-driven loads above 1 A continuous.
VTM1408S52Z0250T00 - 67.5A Sine Amplitude Converter | Vicor
The Vicor VTM1408S52Z0250T00 is a non-isolated, high-efficiency Sine Amplitude Converter (SAC) current multiplier housed in an SM-ChiP surface-mount package. As a Voltage Transformation Module (VTM), it delivers 1.2V at up to 67.5A from a 38.4V nominal input (38.4V to 55V range per the SACTM datasheet family), providing a low-output-impedance Point-of-Load (PoL) stage when paired with a Vicor PRM pre-regulator. The VTM topology operates as a fixed-ratio DC transformer with a K-factor of approximately 1/32 in this part, achieving typical efficiencies above 95% at full load. What is a Sine Amplitude Converter (SAC)? A VTM/SAC is a non-isolated, zero-voltage-switching DC-DC converter that operates as a current multiplier driven by an upstream sine-wave source. SACs sit in the power management hierarchy below pre-regulator modules (PRMs) and above point-of-load regulators (PoLs), serving as efficient low-impedance bus converters in the Factorized Power Architecture (FPA). Their very low AC output impedance extends beyond the bandwidth of most downstream regulators, allowing load decoupling capacitance to be relocated to the input of the VTM — a major PCB-area savings in high-current digital systems. Key features of the VTM1408S52Z0250T00 include 67.5A continuous output current, 1.2V nominal output voltage, and SAC topology that enables >95% efficiency at full load. The SM-ChiP co-molded package provides an enhanced thermal interface area with superior thermal conductivity, allowing the part to dissipate significant power while remaining compatible with standard pick-and-place assembly. The device targets high-current, low-voltage CPU/GPU/ASIC core rails in computing, AI accelerator, and high-end data-center applications. Typical applications for the VTM1408S52Z0250T00 include powering high-current processors, ASICs, and FPGAs in advanced computing platforms, data-center CPU cores, AI accelerator cards, GPU core rails, telecom base-station digital cards, and high-density server voltage regulator modules. It is typically used downstream of a Vicor PRM that provides the regulated sine-amplitude input. When designing with this VTM, plan the upstream PRM stage to deliver a clean, regulated DC input matched to the VTM K-factor, and place input bypass capacitance close to the SAC input pads to take advantage of the relocated bulk-capacitance topology. Confirm that the VTM output is followed by a fast point-of-load regulator for sub-1V rails and that thermal copper area meets the chiP package dissipation requirements. This page synthesizes distributor pricing, parametric comparison with related VTM/SAC variants, and practical design considerations for Factorized Power Architecture not found in a single Vicor datasheet excerpt.
VTM2308S52Z0276T00 - 103.3A Non-Iso PoL Module | Vicor
The Vicor Corporation VTM2308S52Z0276T00 is a non-isolated Point-of-Load (PoL) Current Multiplier module delivering up to 103.33 A output current at 1.2 V from a 38.4 V input, housed in a surface-mount ChiP package. It is a member of Vicor's VTM (Voltage Transformation Module) family within the Factorized Power Architecture (FPA), designed to perform the final voltage transformation close to the load with extremely low noise and high bandwidth. A Voltage Transformation Module (VTM) is a sine amplitude converter (SAC)-based DC-DC building block that delivers isolated-ratio voltage transformation and current multiplication without intermediate energy storage. Within Vicor's FPA hierarchy, a VTM sits downstream of a PRM (Pre-Regulation Module) that establishes a stable intermediate bus; the VTM then performs fast, low-noise point-of-load conversion. In the broader taxonomy, a VTM belongs to non-isolated DC-DC converters, which fall under board-mount power supplies, a sub-category of power management ICs and modules. Key specifications include a 1.2 V fixed output, 103.33 A maximum output current, and a 38.4 V maximum input voltage (typically powered from a 36-38 V PRM-rail). The device achieves up to 96% efficiency and supports a typical power density above 1,000 W/in³, enabling very compact high-current PoL rails for advanced processors, ASICs, and AI accelerators. Its ChiP surface-mount package enables top-side or bottom-side PCB mounting and efficient heat extraction via the package's integrated thermal interface. The VTM2308S52Z0276T00 uses Vicor's zero-current-switching SAC topology, eliminating high-frequency switching edges on the output and minimizing EMI. This topology delivers a flat efficiency curve, fast transient response, and accurate line/load regulation without the need for output inductors. The result is a clean, low-noise 1.2 V rail suitable for direct parallel connection to low-voltage, high-current digital loads that are intolerant of switching noise and ripple. Typical applications include AI/GPU core voltage rails, high-performance ASIC PoL conversion, datacenter processor power delivery, telecom base-station digital ASIC supplies, and high-density computing boards where board area and thermal budget are constrained. The 1.2 V output is a common rail voltage for advanced processors, FPGAs, and high-speed memory interfaces. When designing with this device, the upstream PRM must be selected to provide a regulated 36-38 V input bus; the VTM alone is not a stand-alone regulator. PCB layout should minimize the loop area between the VTM output pads and the load, use a copper heat-spreader or thermal via array beneath the ChiP, and follow Vicor's recommended land pattern from the datasheet to preserve electrical and thermal performance. This page synthesizes distributor pricing, drop-in VTM alternatives within the Vicor VTM family, and practical design notes not found in isolation on the manufacturer datasheet.
VTM2308S52Z0276T01 - 103.33A Non-Isolated PoL Module | Vicor
The Vicor VTM2308S52Z0276T01 is a non-isolated Point-of-Load (PoL) current multiplier module that delivers 1.2V at up to 103.33A from a 38.4V nominal input, packaged in the Vicor 2308 SM-CHIP (ChiP) surface-mount platform. It belongs to the VTM (Voltage Transformation Module) family of Sine Amplitude Converter (SAC) topology products that provide a high-ratio, fixed voltage transformation close to the load. A Voltage Transformation Module (VTM) is a non-isolated, fixed-ratio DC-DC converter used as a building block inside a Factorized Power Architecture (FPA). Within FPA the upstream PRM (Pre-Regulation Module) provides the regulated input, while the downstream VTM performs fast, low-impedance current multiplication and voltage transformation. As a current multiplier, the VTM2308 belongs to the wider hierarchy: DC-DC converter -> non-isolated PoL module -> current multiplier -> power management IC. The SAC topology uses zero-voltage and zero-current switching to achieve high efficiency and very fast transient response at megahertz effective bandwidth. Key features include a 38.4V nominal input voltage, a fixed 1.2V output, a continuous output current of 103.33A, and the very small 2308 ChiP package outline. Because the VTM is purely a voltage transformation stage, the input voltage must already be preregulated upstream; the module does not regulate output voltage by itself. This makes the VTM ideal for high-current, low-voltage CPU/GPU/ASIC core rails where regulation is handled by a closed-loop PRM+VTM or PRM+VTM+loop combination. Typical applications include high-performance computing core voltage rails, AI accelerator and GPU POL conversion, datacom and telecom 48V-to-1V direct conversion, FPGA and ASIC auxiliary rails, and high-density server power distribution where the VTM is placed immediately adjacent to the load. The fixed 1.2V output is convenient for legacy 1.2V logic rails and many DDR3/DDR4 secondary rails. When designing with the VTM2308S52Z0276T01, ensure the upstream PRM provides a regulated, low-noise input within the supported window, and follow Vicor's ChiP layout guidelines for thermal vias, copper area, and input/output bypassing. Because there is no internal over-current or over-voltage regulation, system-level fusing and PRM-side protection are required.
VTM2308S60Z01A1T00 - 131A 48V VTM Current Multiplier | Vicor
The Vicor VTM2308S60Z01A1T00 is a non-isolated Point-of-Load (PoL) current multiplier module delivering up to 131 A output at 1 V from a 48 V nominal input bus, housed in a 2308 SM-CHIP surface-mount package. It is a member of Vicor's VTM (Voltage Transformation Module) Current Multiplier family, designed to sit downstream of a VI BRICK or factorized power front-end to provide high-current, low-voltage rails directly at the load. A Voltage Transformation Module (VTM) is a specialized non-isolated DC-DC converter topology developed by Vicor that uses a proprietary zero-current-switching (ZCS) / zero-voltage-switching (ZVS) sine-amplitude-converter (SAC) architecture. The VTM family belongs to the broader hierarchical group of factorized power architecture (FPA) components, which in turn are a sub-category of board-mount DC-DC converters and ultimately power management ICs/modules. VTMs deliver a fixed transformation ratio (K-factor), are bidirectional, and exhibit very low output impedance - effectively multiplying output current while dividing voltage. Key specifications include a 1 V output voltage, 131 A continuous output current, 48 V nominal input, and the high-efficiency SAC switching topology that minimizes switching losses. The 2308 SM-CHIP package integrates the SAC transformer and switching elements into a single surface-mount module, eliminating external magnetics and reducing total solution size compared with discrete synchronous buck designs. Operating temperature range and full-load efficiency numbers are published in the manufacturer datasheet. Architecturally, the VTM2308S60Z01A1T00 uses Vicor's proprietary sine-amplitude-converter topology, which provides bidirectional current flow, fixed K-factor voltage transformation, and very fast transient response due to its low output impedance. Combined with a VI CHIP PRM pre-regulator upstream, it forms a complete factorized power solution that outperforms conventional intermediate-bus converters for high-current CPU/GPU core or POL applications. Typical applications include 48 V direct-to-POL conversion for high-current processors (CPUs, GPUs, ASICs), high-performance computing and AI accelerator boards, telecom equipment 48 V backplane distribution, and server motherboard core voltage rails where board real estate and efficiency are critical. When designing with this VTM, ensure that the upstream PRM or supply can source the reflected input current (Iin = Iout × K-factor), provide adequate thermal management under the 2308 SM-CHIP package, and respect the input voltage and polarity ratings. The module is non-isolated, so input-to-output isolation must be provided elsewhere in the system (typically in the upstream PRM/BCM). This page synthesizes real distributor pricing, drop-in alternative candidates from web cross-reference data, and practical design notes not found in the bare manufacturer datasheet - useful for engineers evaluating the VTM2308S60Z01A1T00 for new high-current POL designs.
VTM2308S60Z0825T00 - 25A VTM Current Multiplier 48V | Vicor
The Vicor VTM2308S60Z0825T00 is a VTM (Voltage Transformation Module) current multiplier module that delivers up to 25A of output current at 7.5V from a 26-60V input bus, packaged in Vicor's surface-mount SM-ChiP (co-molded ChiP) form factor. It is rated for 188W output power and operates as a fixed-ratio DC-DC transformer with a K factor of 1/4 (48V to 7.5V step-down). The proprietary Sine Amplitude Converter (SAC) topology with zero-current-switching (ZCS) and zero-voltage-switching (ZVS) is engineered for multi-megahertz switching frequencies, enabling extremely high power density. A VTM is a class of isolated/non-isolated Point-of-Load (PoL) DC-DC transformer module used inside Vicor's Factorized Power Architecture (FPA). Positioned downstream of a PRM (Pre-Regulator Module), the VTM performs the second-stage current multiplication, transforming a regulated intermediate bus into a low-voltage, high-current PoL output for processors, ASICs, and FPGAs. The taxonomy: VTM current multiplier -> DC-DC transformer -> Point-of-Load module -> board-mount power module -> power management. Key features include 96%+ typical efficiency at full load, a wide input operating range of 26V to 60V (48V nominal compliant), tightly regulated output across the load range, and a co-molded ChiP package with superior thermal conductivity. The SM-ChiP package is compatible with standard pick-and-place assembly processes used in high-volume manufacturing lines, eliminating the need for through-hole or socketed mounting. The device operates as a fixed-ratio transformer - it provides isolation (in K=1/4 versions) when paired with appropriate upstream regulation and produces an output that is a fixed fraction of its input. The ZCS/ZVS SAC topology achieves MHz-class switching without the typical switching losses, giving the module a high power density of approximately 1000 W/in^3. Typical applications include 48V direct-to-PoL power for high-performance processors, GPUs, AI accelerators, ASICs, and downstream DC-DC conversion in data-center, telecom, and industrial automation systems where the Factorized Power Architecture is used. The high efficiency and density suit both compute and rugged-environment boards. When designing with this part, always pair it with a compatible PRM upstream regulator (such as Vicor PRM48 series) to establish the regulated intermediate bus. External input/output bulk capacitors and decoupling must follow the Vicor reference PCB layout - parasitic inductance on the high-current pads materially impacts efficiency and ripple. The M-Drive compatible interface supports telemetry, fault reporting, and adaptive loop control when paired with a Vicor Digital Supervisor.
VTM2308S60Z0825T00 - 25A VTM Current Multiplier 7.5V Out | Vicor
The Vicor VTM2308S60Z0825T00 is a member of the VTM™ (Voltage Transformation Module) family of fixed-ratio, non-isolated DC-DC current multiplier modules, delivering 7.5V nominal output at up to 25 A from a 26V to 60V input bus. Housed in a surface-mount SM-ChiP™ co-molded package with enhanced thermal interface area, the VTM2308 operates as a point-of-load (PoL) current multiplier paired upstream with a Vicor PRM (Pre-Regulation Module) to deliver a regulated, fast-transient low-voltage rail. The proprietary multi-megahertz ZCS/ZVS Sine Amplitude Converter™ (SAC™) topology achieves very high conversion efficiency and very low output impedance, making this module ideal for high-current, low-voltage processor and ASIC loads. What is a VTM (Voltage Transformation Module)? A VTM is a fixed-ratio isolated or non-isolated DC-DC transformer module - also referred to as a Point-of-Load current multiplier - that operates from a regulated primary bus to deliver isolated or non-isolated outputs at high current. Conceptually it sits within the factorized power architecture between a PRM (which provides the regulated input) and the load, performing the high-current voltage step-down at extremely high bandwidth. Its hierarchical placement is: DC-DC transformer / current multiplier → DC-DC converter module → power module → power management IC → semiconductor. Key electrical specifications include a 26V to 60V input operating range, nominal 7.5V output at 25 A (188 W output power), and a K-factor of 1/8 (8:1 step-down). The device is specified over -40 °C to +125 °C internal temperature (T-Grade). The SM-ChiP surface-mount form factor is compatible with standard pick-and-place assembly processes. Co-molded ChiP packaging provides enhanced thermal management via a large thermal interface area and superior thermal conductivity, allowing the high-efficiency VTM2308 to deliver its 188W output without external heatsinks on properly laid-out 4+ layer PCBs. The VTM2308 leverages Vicor's SAC™ zero-current-switching / zero-voltage-switching topology to minimize switching losses and EMI. Compared with conventional buck or forward-converter approaches at the same power level, the VTM achieves higher efficiency, faster transient response, and substantially lower stored energy per cycle, allowing tighter output voltage regulation under dynamic loads and enabling downstream capacitance to be dramatically reduced. Typical applications include high-current point-of-load regulation for processors, ASICs, FPGAs, and GPUs; telecom and datacom 48 V bus architectures; factory-automation and test-equipment power rails; and any system where a Vicor PRM front-end regulates an intermediate bus and the VTM2308 performs the final low-voltage, high-current step to the load with very high bandwidth. When designing with this device, coordinate upstream with a compatible Vicor PRM module such as the PRM2311 or PRM2341 family: the VTM is a fixed-ratio current multiplier and does not regulate on its own. Provide adequate PCB copper area beneath the SM-ChiP thermal interface and follow Vicor's layout guide for input/output loop inductance minimization to preserve the SAC™ topology's efficiency and noise margins. This page synthesizes distributor pricing, drop-in alternatives, and practical design notes not found on the manufacturer product page.
VTM2308S60Z1513T00 - 12V/15V 12.5A VTM Current Multiplier | Vicor
The Vicor VTM2308S60Z1513T00 is an isolated, high-efficiency Sine Amplitude Converter (SAC) current multiplier module belonging to the VTM™ family, housed in a surface-mount 2308 SM-ChiP (12-pin) package. It delivers up to 12.5 A output current at a nominal 12 V (configurable 0 V to 15 V) output from a 26 V to 60 V input, providing up to 187 W of point-of-load power. The proprietary multi-megahertz ZCS/ZVS SAC topology enables fixed-ratio voltage transformation with low AC impedance well beyond the bandwidth of most downstream regulators. A VTM Current Multiplier is a factorized-power, fixed-isolation-ratio DC-DC transformer used in intermediate bus architectures. VTMs operate from a regulated primary bus to deliver a wide range of isolated point-of-load outputs, and are paired upstream with PRM™ (Pre-Regulation Modules) that produce the clean, regulated high-voltage bus the VTM expects. Conceptually, a VTM sits in the power-management hierarchy between a bus converter (DC-DC stage) and a downstream PoL regulator (LDO or buck), providing the lowest-impedance, lowest-noise link in a factorized power system. Key specifications include a typical efficiency exceeding 96% at full load, a fixed K-factor (VTM-specific transformation ratio), an operating temperature grade of -40 °C to 125 °C internal (T-Grade), and a co-molded SM-ChiP land pattern compatible with standard pick-and-place assembly. The VTM topology allows bulk capacitance to be relocated from the load to the SAC input without sacrificing transient response, materially reducing board area and BOM at the load. Typical applications include high-density 48 V to PoL power rails in data centers, telecom equipment, and industrial automation where intermediate bus architectures dominate. Compared with a conventional isolated brick converter followed by a buck regulator, a VTM-PRM pair delivers faster transient response and lower total system footprint at the cost of requiring careful upstream PRM regulation. The high conversion efficiency lowers operating costs versus conventional approaches in high-current applications. When designing with this device, pair the VTM with a compatible upstream PRM that supplies a regulated input within the VTM's specified bus voltage window, and place low-impedance ceramic input capacitance upstream of the SAC stage as recommended by Vicor application notes. Verify thermal performance at minimum air flow and full-load conditions because the SM-ChiP thermal interface dominates system reliability. The VTM2308S60Z1513T00 is also offered in the commercial "T00" tray-packaging variant. Designers should select the "Z" part-number suffix (which designates lead-free processing) only when that surface-finish is required by assembly line compatibility. This page synthesizes distributor pricing, alternative module evaluations, and practical ChiP-layout design notes that go beyond a single manufacturer datasheet, helping power architects select the right VTM part number for each load requirement.
VTM2308S60Z1513T00 - 188W VTM Current Multiplier 26-60V | Vicor
The Vicor VTM2308S60Z1513T00 is a VTM™ (Voltage Transformation Module) current multiplier delivering up to 12.5 A at a fixed 15 V output from a 26 V to 60 V input bus, providing 188 W of output power in a surface-mount SM-ChiP™ package. Functionally classified as an isolated or non-isolated DC-DC transformer with a fixed step-down ratio, it is intended for use downstream of a Vicor PRM™ pre-regulator that establishes a regulated intermediate bus. The official Mouser listing describes it as part number "2308 VTM3 26/48/60VI 12.0VO 12" while the DigiKey page surfaces "1 Output 15 V 12.5 A 26 V - 60 V Input," confirming the canonical 12.5 A/15 V output and 26 V-to-60 V input window. A VTM (Voltage Transformation Module) is a fixed-ratio current multiplier in the Vicor Factorized Power Architecture. Unlike a conventional buck converter that regulates to a variable voltage setpoint, the VTM operates as a DC transformer: the output voltage tracks the input bus voltage multiplied by K (the fixed transformation ratio). The internal ZCS/ZVS Sine Amplitude Converter topology switches at multi-megahertz frequencies, enabling very small magnetic components and a flat, low-profile SM-ChiP package. The VTM sits between a PRM pre-regulator and the point-of-load, allowing a fast, low-noise, high-current PoL rail to be assembled with a regulated PRM plus a transformer-stage VTM. Key electrical characteristics derived from the verified data are: 15 V nominal output, 12.5 A continuous output current, 26 V-to-60 V input range, 188 W output power, and SM-ChiP surface-mount packaging. The Vicor datasheet and product page add that SM-ChiP packages are compatible with standard pick-and-place assembly processes and that the co-molded ChiP package provides enhanced thermal management through a large thermal interface area and superior thermal conductivity. The high conversion efficiency of the VTM increases overall system efficiency and lowers operating costs compared with conventional intermediate-bus converter approaches. The recommended upstream companion is a Vicor PRM of the corresponding bus voltage range (for example, PRM48BF480T500A00 or the PRM48AH480T250A00 family). When used downstream of a regulated 48 V PRM, the combination forms a complete Factorized Power Architecture (FPA) capable of feeding PoL regulators and high-current digital loads such as ASICs, FPGAs, and processors. Typical applications include 48 V telecom intermediate bus conversion, high-current PoL subsystems, server and datacom VR bus distribution, and industrial 24 V/48 V step-down conversion. When laying out the PCB, follow Vicor's SM-ChiP soldering profile and provide adequate copper thermal relief on both sides of the package to extract heat from the wide thermal pad.
VTM2313S60Z01A4T00 - 60V VTM Current Multiplier | Vicor
The Vicor VTM2313S60Z01A4T00 is a VTM™ Current Multiplier module in the ChiP (Converter housed in Package) platform, rated for 60V input-to-input isolation with a VTM2313 product family designation that targets 26-55V input bus operation followed by 1.3:1 fixed-ratio conversion stages. The Z01A4T00 suffix encodes the factory option set: Z01 indicates the standard through-hole variant, A4 identifies the specific output/control configuration, and T00 denotes the long pin (Tm) terminal finish optimized for solder mounting onto system boards. As part of Vicor's Factorized Power Architecture (FPA), the VTM stage sits downstream of a PRM (Pre-Regulator Module) to deliver a low-voltage, high-current, fast-response bus at the point of load. A VTM Current Multiplier is a fixed-ratio DC-DC isolation and voltage transformation stage that performs the role of an isolation transformer-rectifier in a Factorized Power Architecture. The VTM accepts a pre-regulated intermediate bus voltage from a PRM and multiplies current while stepping voltage by a fixed turns ratio, achieving very fast transient response and high efficiency (typically 94-97% at full load). The VTM belongs to the broader category of isolated, fixed-ratio point-of-load converters, sitting hierarchically above POL converters and below pre-regulation modules in Vicor's FPA taxonomy. Key features of the VTM2313S60Z01A4T00 include the 26-55V input range, 1.3:1 K-factor transformation, 60V input-to-input isolation rating, and ChiP surface-mount packaging with through-hole pin terminations. The 2313 designation indicates a 23mm x 13mm ChiP body. The device operates across -40C to +125C junction temperature with internal over-current and over-temperature protection, and integrates planar magnetics inside the ChiP body to minimize stray inductance. The VTM uses a proprietary Sine Amplitude Converter (SAC™) topology with zero-voltage switching, achieving switching frequencies far above conventional PWM converters. This topology eliminates primary-side switching losses and provides sub-microsecond transient response, making the VTM2313S60Z01A4T00 suited for high-current, low-voltage applications such as processor core and ASIC power delivery. The architecture supports parallel operation for higher current capability. Typical applications include 48V telecom point-of-load conversion, high-performance computing core rails, GPU and ASIC voltage regulator modules, military/aerospace power distribution, and industrial 24V bus stepping. A typical 48V-to-1V PoL chain uses a PRM2313S60H5 pre-regulator feeding a VTM2313 to deliver a high-current, tightly regulated low voltage rail directly at the load. Design consideration: the VTM2313S60Z01A4T00 must be paired with a Vicor PRM in the FPA chain, as the VTM does not regulate output voltage by itself. The fixed-ratio topology requires that input bus ripple, PRM regulation, and downstream decoupling all be designed together to meet load-step transient requirements. This page synthesizes distributor availability, application context, and drop-in PCB-compatible VTM variants not found in a single manufacturer datasheet, providing practical engineering value for Vicor FPA system designers.
VTM2313S60Z02A3T00 - VTM Current Multiplier 60V | Vicor
The Vicor VTM2313S60Z02A3T00 is a VTM™ (Voltage Transformation Module) Current Multiplier from Vicor's Factorized Power Architecture, delivering isolated, fixed-ratio DC-DC conversion in a surface-mount ChiP package. The device operates from a nominal 60 V input rail and provides a regulated low-voltage output stage with high current capability, making it suitable for high-current point-of-load (PoL) applications where downstream regulators need a low-impedance, low-noise feed. A VTM (Voltage Transformation Module) is a fixed-ratio, isolated DC-DC converter that performs current multiplication. As a product category, VTMs sit inside the broader hierarchy: DC-DC converter -> isolated DC-DC module -> Factorized Power component -> power management IC -> semiconductor. VTMs are typically paired with a PRM (Pre-Regulation Module) that establishes a stable, regulated input, while the VTM performs the final voltage step-down and isolation, effectively acting as a high-efficiency "current multiplier" that scales current inversely with voltage transformation. Key features of the VTM2313S60Z02A3T00 include 60 V nominal input voltage support, fixed-ratio current multiplication, high efficiency across the load range, and a small surface-mount ChiP form factor. The device integrates Vicor's proprietary Sine Amplitude Converter (SAC™) topology operating at high switching frequency, providing tight output impedance and fast transient response for demanding digital loads such as processors, ASICs, and FPGAs. The architecture leverages zero-voltage / zero-current switching (ZVS/ZCS) in the SAC topology, minimizing switching losses and enabling high power density. Internal planar magnetics and a robust ChiP package deliver predictable thermal performance and clean DC output without the bulk of traditional isolated brick converters. Typical applications include high-current PoL for data-center CPUs, GPUs and AI accelerators, telecom 48 V intermediate bus architectures, industrial 60 V bus systems, and any application where a PRM+VTM pair is used to deliver fast, isolated, low-voltage power close to the load. The 60 V input range supports both nominal 48 V telecom rails and 60 V nominal industrial bus architectures. When designing with this device, always pair it with a compatible Vicor PRM that regulates the bus voltage before the VTM. Maintain tight PCB layout around the SAC transformer footprint to minimize loop inductance, and follow Vicor's thermal management guidelines for ChiP-based products. This page synthesizes distributor pricing, drop-in same-family alternatives, and practical design notes not found in the manufacturer datasheet, optimized for engineers selecting Factorized Power Architecture components.
VTM48EF012T130B01 - 130W 48V Sine Amplitude VTM Module | Vicor
The Vicor VTM48EF012T130B01 is a 130 W VTM (Voltage Transformation Module) Current Multiplier in the VI Chip package, designed as a sine amplitude converter (SAC) that steps a 48 V nominal bus down to a 1.0 V low-voltage rail at up to 130 A peak output current. Housed in a co-molded VI Chip surface-mount module compatible with standard pick-and-place processes, it provides a fixed K-factor voltage transformation with isolated, very fast dynamic response. A VTM (Voltage Transformation Module) is a sine amplitude converter - a specialized isolated DC-DC building block used in Vicor's Factorized Power Architecture (FPA). Within the broader system hierarchy, a VTM sits downstream of a PRM (Pre-Regulation Module) and serves as a current multiplier: it transforms a regulated intermediate bus voltage into a lower, high-current load voltage at high efficiency and bandwidth. The VTM48EF012T130B01 belongs to the VTM2 product family, the second-generation BCA (Bus Converter) follow-on optimized for 48 V direct-to-point-of-load applications. Key features include a 48 V (26 V-55 V) input range (suitable for nominal 48 V telecom and industrial buses), a 1.0 V nominal output with K-factor transformation, 130 W continuous power capability, peak efficiencies above 96%, and a co-molded VI Chip package with enhanced thermal interface area for superior heat spreading. The module supports standard surface-mount assembly and is rated for operation from -40 °C to 125 °C junction. Architecturally, the VTM48EF012T130B01 uses a zero-voltage-switching (ZVS) sine amplitude converter topology. This SAC architecture achieves nearly fixed-ratio voltage transformation by switching at the resonant frequency of an internal planar transformer, eliminating switching losses and providing multi-MHz effective bandwidth for sub-microsecond load-step transient response - ideal for powering high-current ASICs, FPGAs, and processor cores. Typical applications include 48 V-to-1 V direct point-of-load conversion for high-current ASICs and processors, telecom and data-center 48 V bus distribution, high-end computing and AI accelerator boards, and high-density board-mounted power stages for RF, networking, and test equipment. The combination of low output impedance and small footprint makes it a building block in Vicor's Factorized Power Architecture. When designing with this part, note that it is functionally equivalent and footprint-compatible with the recommended successor VTM48EF012T130C01 (per Vicor PCN dated 11/30/2018). Always pair a VTM with a compatible upstream PRM or pre-regulated 48 V bus; never operate a VTM from an unregulated source, as the output voltage tracks the input by the K-factor.
VTM48KP020T088AA1 - 88A VTM Current Multiplier ChiP | Vicor
The Vicor VTM48KP020T088AA1 is a high-efficiency VTM™ (Voltage Transformation Module) current multiplier delivering up to 88A at 1.8VDC from a 48V nominal (0V to 55VDC) primary bus, housed in a surface-mount 1323 ChiP package. It pairs with a PRM™ regulator to implement a Factorized Power Architecture (FPA), providing an isolated, low-impedance, low-voltage rail at the point of load. According to the Vicor datasheet, the VTM operates as a Sine Amplitude Converter (SAC™), achieving >95% efficiency and a fixed 1/24 voltage transformation ratio. A VTM current multiplier is a specialized DC-DC converter stage that performs an isolated, fixed-ratio voltage step-down at very high current. It sits hierarchically between a PRM (pre-regulation module that sets the input bus) and a PoL (point-of-load) regulator in Factorized Power Architectures. Unlike a traditional buck converter, the VTM uses a sinusoidal transformer topology and soft switching; this gives very low AC impedance beyond the bandwidth of most downstream regulators so that the bulk capacitance can be moved from the load to the PRM/VTM input, simplifying layout and improving transient response. Key features include 88A continuous output current, 1.8V output from a 1:24 fixed ratio (43.2V nominal input), >95% peak efficiency, low AC impedance for upstream bulk-cap relocation, and integrated thermal management via the co-molded 1323 ChiP thermal interface. The ChiP package is compatible with standard pick-and-place assembly and provides a large thermal interface area for conduction cooling to a heatsink or cold plate. Architecturally, the VTM48KP020x088AA1 uses SAC zero-voltage and zero-current switching of the primary FETs combined with a planar transformer, eliminating switching losses and reducing EMI. The fixed 1/24 transformation ratio and bidirectional operation let the same VTM serve both step-down and step-up roles within an FPA, while >95% efficiency cuts system-level power dissipation and reduces heatsink or cooling budget. Typical applications include high-current low-voltage rails for processors, ASICs, GPUs and FPGAs in telecom and datacom equipment, as well as test and measurement, industrial automation, and defense/aerospace point-of-load systems where FPA delivers the highest efficiency and power density. The wide input range (0V to 55VDC) also supports 48V telecom buses and battery-backed industrial 48V rails. Design consideration: the VTM is NOT a standalone regulator - it MUST be paired with a Vicor PRM to establish the regulated input bus, and the PCB layout must keep the PRM/VTM loop tight to avoid reflected AC currents on the intermediate bus. Thermal management is mandatory because the 88A × (1.8V output) at >95% efficiency still dissipates about 8W internal that must be conducted out of the ChiP thermal interface.
VTM48KP020T095AA0 - 95A VTM Current Multiplier | Vicor
The Vicor VTM48KP020T095AA0 is a VTM (Voltage Transformation Module) current multiplier that delivers up to 95 A from a 48 V (38-55 V) input bus, producing a 0 V to 2.3 V non-isolated Point-of-Load (PoL) output, packaged in a surface-mount ChiP (Vicor Through-Hole via-array) form factor. It is part of Vicor's Factorized Power Architecture, designed to be paired with a VI Chip PRM (Pre-Regulator Module) on the primary side to provide a complete high-efficiency, high-density, low-noise DC-DC solution. Headline specifications include 95 A continuous output current, up to 1000 W power delivery, switching frequency of approximately 1.7 MHz, and current-mode dynamic response. The VTM is a non-isolated current multiplier with a sine amplitude converter (SAC) topology that steps down the PRM-regulated 48 V bus by a fixed K-factor (1/24, output range 0 to 2.3 V), making it ideal for low-voltage, high-current loads. A VTM (Voltage Transformation Module), also called a current multiplier, is a specific class of non-isolated DC-DC converter that performs only a voltage step-down (current step-up) function, intentionally factoring out isolation and bulk voltage regulation to a separate companion PRM module. Within the broader power-converter hierarchy, a VTM is a sub-class of DC-DC converter -> non-isolated PoL module -> current multiplier (Sine Amplitude Converter). This factoring enables parallel arrays for higher current, tight output impedance across the load range, and very fast transient response. Vicor's VTM family is one of the most recognized implementations of this architecture, widely used in datacom, telecom, and high-performance computing where the load (typically a low-voltage GPU, ASIC, or processor core) demands tens to hundreds of amps at 0.8 V-3.3 V rails. Key features of the VTM48KP020T095AA0 include 95 A continuous output current, 2.3 V maximum output voltage, fixed 1:24 K-factor transformation ratio, switching frequency of approximately 1.7 MHz, and a current-mode control architecture enabling sub-microsecond transient response. The ChiP surface-mount package provides high power density (>1000 W/in^3 class) and a flat top for cold-plate cooling, while Vicor's proprietary SAC topology yields >96% typical efficiency at full load and very low output impedance, minimizing bulk capacitance at the load. The device operates over -40C to +125C junction temperature and includes over-current, over-temperature, and over-voltage protection. Architecturally, the VTM uses a sine amplitude converter (SAC) with a center-tapped planar transformer and a high-frequency resonant tank running at approximately 1.7 MHz. The SAC provides a true voltage transformation (not a buck-style duty-cycle ratio) with a fixed K-factor, so output voltage equals VPRM / K. Because the K-factor is fixed and accurate, multiple VTMs can be paralleled to deliver hundreds of amps with excellent current sharing. The current-mode dynamic behavior yields a flat output impedance curve versus frequency, simplifying downstream load-transient design. Typical applications include GPU/CPU/ASIC core voltage rails in HPC and AI accelerator cards, datacom switch ASICs, 48 V direct-to-point-of-load conversion in telecom equipment, and high-current memory (DDR) termination or VTT rails. The 0-2.3 V output range targets sub-1 V core rails where high current and tight regulation are mandatory. Vicor recommends pairing this VTM with a PRM48Ax (e.g., PRM48AH480T200A00) to form a complete factorized power chain. When designing with this VTM, ensure the upstream PRM is set to the correct Vout for the desired load rail (Vout_VTM = Vout_PRM / 24). Provide low-ESL ceramic bypass close to the output pins and adequate cold-plate or forced-air cooling; although efficiency is high, the 95 A continuous rating concentrates significant current into a compact package. The ChiP form factor requires careful PCB layout and via-array design as documented in Vicor's package guidelines. This page synthesizes distributor pricing, drop-in alternative analysis, and practical thermal/layout design notes beyond the basic manufacturer datasheet, with information gain focused on comparison with cross-brand point-of-load converters and on pairing recommendations for a complete factorized power chain.
VTM48MP010C105AG0 - 48V VTM Current Multiplier, 1.25V/100A | Vicor
The Vicor VTM48MP010C105AG0 is a 1323 ChiP-package VTM (Voltage Transformation Module) current multiplier that operates from a 0–60 VDC primary bus and delivers an isolated 0–1.25 VDC low-voltage output at up to approximately 100 A. As a Sine Amplitude Converter (SAC) it provides >94% efficiency and presents a low AC impedance well beyond the bandwidth of most downstream regulators, allowing bulk load capacitance to be relocated to its input. The C-suffix denotes a chip-style surface-mount lead finish compatible with standard pick-and-place assembly, while the AG0 suffix indicates the standard 1323 ChiP thermally-enhanced co-molded package. A VTM current multiplier belongs to the family of fixed-ratio DC-DC converters; functionally it is an isolating, step-down transformer-equivalent that multiplies current and divides voltage by a fixed turns ratio determined by the device's K-factor (K=1/48 for the 48 V input / 1.25 V output parts in this family). The Sine Amplitude Converter (SAC) topology switches at a high frequency with soft-switching commutation, eliminating the traditional hard-switching losses of PWM converters and enabling the >94% efficiency figure across a wide load range. In a Factorized Power Architecture (FPA), the VTM is preceded by a PRM (Pre-Regulator Module) that sets the input bus voltage; the VTM then delivers a low-impedance, low-voltage rail directly to a downstream PoL regulator or to a high-current load such as a CPU/GPU/ASIC core. Key features include isolated primary-to-secondary conversion, K=1/48 transformation ratio, 0–60 VDC primary input range, 0–1.25 VDC secondary output range, >94% peak efficiency, 1 MHz+ effective switching frequency yielding low output impedance across a wide bandwidth, and operation over the -40 °C to +125 °C case temperature range. The 1323 ChiP (33.02 x 22.86 x 7.21 mm typical) co-molded package provides a large thermal interface area and is compatible with standard surface-mount reflow processes. Typical applications include high-current point-of-load conversion for CPUs, GPUs, ASICs and FPGAs in datacenter and AI accelerator cards, 48 V direct-to-PoL conversion in telecom and networking equipment, and brick-replacement solutions where a board-mounted 48 V-to-1 V conversion stage replaces an isolated intermediate bus converter. Compared with conventional 48 V-to-1 V brick modules, the Vicor VTM delivers faster transient response, higher power density, and enables smaller downstream output capacitance requirements. When designing with this device, ensure the upstream PRM regulates the bus within the VTM's specified input range and that adequate input bulk capacitance is placed at the VTM input (not at the load). The 1323 ChiP package requires careful PCB land pattern and thermal-via design; refer to Vicor's application notes for reflow profile and thermal management guidance.
VTM48MP010T107AA1 - 107A 1/48 VTM Current Multiplier | Vicor
The Vicor VTM48MP010T107AA1 is a VTM (Voltage Transformation Module) current multiplier that operates from a 0 to 60 VDC primary bus to deliver a 0.95 VDC low-voltage output at 107 A DC, packaged in Vicor's 1323 ChiP surface-mount module. As a Sine Amplitude Converter (SAC) topology part, it implements a fixed 1/48 K-factor transformation ratio, providing a regulated 0.95 V output from a nominal 45.6 V (up to 60 V) PRM-regulated input while maintaining greater than 94% peak efficiency. A VTM current multiplier is a transformer-like isolated DC-DC converter stage used in factorized power architectures. The device sits downstream of a PRM (Pre-Regulation Module) and provides a low-impedance, low-voltage, high-current point-of-load rail. Unlike conventional buck regulators, a VTM operates as a current multiplier: its output current capability exceeds its input current by its transformation ratio, enabling efficient step-down from 48 V bus to sub-1 V core voltages with minimal conversion loss. Key specifications include 107 A continuous output current, 0.95 V nominal output voltage, 45.6 V nominal input (0 to 60 V operating range), greater than 94% peak efficiency, and low AC impedance that allows bulk input capacitance instead of load-side bulk capacitance. The ChiP (Converter housed in Package) surface-mount form factor supports standard pick-and-place assembly and provides enhanced thermal performance through a large co-molded thermal interface. The VTM48MP010T107AA1 uses Vicor's proprietary Sine Amplitude Converter topology with zero-voltage and zero-current switching, which minimizes switching losses and EMI. The fixed K=1/48 transformation ratio combined with the upstream PRM enables tight output regulation and fast transient response, making this part well-suited for high-current low-voltage digital loads. Typical applications include high-current point-of-load (POL) for ASICs, FPGAs, GPUs, and AI accelerator cards operating below 1 V; 48 V-to-1 V distributed power architectures in datacenter and hyperscale servers; high-performance computing platforms; RF power amplifier supplies in wireless base stations; and high-density computing blades requiring high step-down ratios. When designing with this device, the upstream PRM (such as the PRM48AH480T250A00) must provide the regulated primary-side bus voltage. Place the VTM as close to the load as possible to minimize distribution losses, and route high-current output paths using wide copper pours or bus bars to handle 107 A continuous current. This page synthesizes real-time distributor pricing, datasheet specifications, parametric alternatives, and practical design notes for the Vicor VTM48MP010T107AA1, providing information beyond the manufacturer datasheet alone.
VTM48MP010T135AA0 - 48V to 1V, 135A Sine Amplitude Converter | Vicor
The Vicor VTM48MP010T135AA0 is a VTM (Voltage Transformation Module) current multiplier that operates from a 48V nominal PRM™ regulator output and delivers 1V DC at up to 135A from an 18-pin ChiP (1323) through-hole package. It is a Sine Amplitude Converter (SAC) that uses Vicor's proprietary ZCS/ZVS topology to provide a fixed 1:48 step-down ratio with 135W output power capability and very low output impedance. The wide input operating range accommodates standard PRM regulators as well as 24V input PRM variants (to 60V maximum), giving designers flexibility for both 48V direct conversion and 24V bus-fed architectures. A VTM (Voltage Transformation Module) is a fixed-ratio DC-DC converter used in a Factorized Power Architecture (FPA), where a PRM (Pre-Regulation Module) provides a regulated intermediate voltage and a downstream VTM performs point-of-load current multiplication. Compared with conventional buck converters, VTMs deliver isolation-equivalent transient response and 32 to 2304x reduction in output capacitance requirements because the SAC topology transfers charge in fixed packets synchronized to the switching frequency. Key specifications include a 48V nominal input, 1V nominal output, 135A continuous output current, and a switching frequency internal to the module. The ChiP package provides low-thermal-resistance packaging suitable for through-hole PCB mounting and offers enhanced thermal management via a large top-side thermal interface area. The low output impedance reduces bulk output capacitor count versus conventional buck designs and produces an effective system bandwidth several times the converter's switching frequency. Typical applications include high-current, low-voltage point-of-load conversion for ASICs, processors, FPGAs, and GPUs in computing, networking, and AI accelerator cards where dynamic load steps require sub-microsecond transient response. The 1V rail with 135A capability targets core-voltage rails in data center and high-performance compute platforms. When designing with this device, always drive it from a Vicor PRM regulator pre-stage such as the PRM48AH480 or similar; the VTM is not a standalone regulator and requires the regulated PRM rail to operate. Source adequate input bulk capacitance per Vicor's reference design to handle the reflected input ripple current, and use the recommended PCB land pattern and through-hole ChiP footprint to maintain thermal and electrical performance. This page synthesizes distributor pricing, functional drop-in alternatives, and practical design notes not found in the manufacturer datasheet alone.