MC68331CAG25 - 32-bit M68300 MCU 25MHz | NXP LQFP-144
MPN: MC68331CAG25 ⚠ Lần mua cuốiMC68331CAG25 Tóm tắt
A 32-bit microcontroller is a microprocessor core with on-chip peripherals, memory interfaces, and I/O designed for embedded control. The MC68331 builds its system from standardized functional modules - the CPU32 processor core, a System Integration Module (SIM), a General Purpose Timer (GPT), and a Queued Serial Module (QSM) - that interconnect through a common Intermodule Bus (IMB). This modular taxonomy places the device in the larger hierarchy of CPU -> MPU -> microcontroller -> embedded processor -> semiconductor.
Key features include 25 MHz CPU32 core performance, ROMless architecture for flexible external program memory, 18 programmable I/O lines, internal oscillator support, and a 144-pin LQFP (20x20 mm) footprint. The SIM integrates chip-select logic, interrupt control, and bus arbitration; the GPT supplies configurable timers for event capture and waveform generation; the QSM provides queued SPI and SCI/UART channels for asynchronous and synchronous serial communications.
The CPU32 core uses a 32-bit Von Neumann architecture with a 32-bit data path and 32-bit address bus. The ROMless variant routes external program fetch through the SIM's chip-select and wait-state logic, enabling large code and data spaces. The modular IMB topology makes peripheral expansion and configuration relatively simple compared with single-block designs.
Typical applications include automotive body and chassis controllers, industrial automation and motor drives, robotics, process control, factory automation, and embedded communications gateways where deterministic 32-bit performance and flexible memory mapping are required.
When designing with this part, prioritize decoupling and IMB signal integrity: place 0.1 uF ceramic capacitors near each VDD/VSS pair, route the IMB clock with controlled impedance, and verify chip-select timing with worst-case wait-state scenarios. Note that this MPN is marked End of Life on the NXP product page; plan for obsolescence accordingly.
This page consolidates distributor pricing, drop-in M68300 alternatives, and design considerations not assembled in the manufacturer datasheet alone.
Bộ thay thế dễ dàng lắp đặt cho MC68331CAG25 — cùng gói, chân-to-chân tương thích. Các bộ phận yêu cầu hàn PCB bị loại trừ.
Các biến thể trong loạt này
Các mẫu cùng loạt có thể lắp đặt dễ dàng tương thích với MC68331CAG25 (cùng hình factor và footprint) — khác nhau ở Package, Program Memory Type, Core, Intermodule Bus.
MC68331CEH25
✅ Drop-InLiên hệ để biết giá
Xem tài liệu →MC68331CEH16
✅ Drop-In📋 Tham chiếu thay thế (không có trong danh mục)
MC68331CAG16
✅ Drop-In📋 Tham chiếu thay thế (không có trong danh mục)
MC68332ACEH20
✅ Drop-In📋 Tham chiếu thay thế (không có trong danh mục)
MC68331CEH20
✅ Drop-In📋 Tham chiếu thay thế (không có trong danh mục)
MC68331CAG25 Tỷ lệ tối đa & tính chất điện
| Core Architecture | CPU32 (32-bit, M68300 family) |
| Operating Frequency | 25 MHz |
| Program Memory Type | ROMless (external) |
| Number of I/O Lines | 18 |
| Number of Timers (GPT) | 1 module (multi-channel) |
| Serial Interface | QSM (SPI + SCI/UART) |
| Hộp | 144-LQFP (20 x 20 mm) |
| Kiểu lắp đặt | Surface Mount |
| Oscillator Type | Internal |
| Intermodule Bus | IMB (common peripheral bus) |
Cấu hình chân MC68331CAG25
| Chân 1 | ADDR19 — External address bus bit 19 (IMB) |
| Chân 2 | ADDR20 — External address bus bit 20 |
| Chân 3 | ADDR21 — External address bus bit 21 |
| Chân 4 | ADDR22 — External address bus bit 22 |
| Chân 5 | ADDR23 — External address bus bit 23 (MSB) |
| Chân 6 | CSBOOT — Chip-select for bootstrap ROM |
| Chân 7 | CS0 — Chip-select 0 (SIM programmable) |
| Chân 8 | CS1 — Chip-select 1 |
| Chân 9 | CS2 — Chip-select 2 |
| Chân 10 | CS3 — Chip-select 3 |
| Chân 11 | CS4 — Chip-select 4 |
| Chân 12 | CS5 — Chip-select 5 |
| Chân 13 | CS6 — Chip-select 6 |
| Chân 14 | CS7 — Chip-select 7 |
| Chân 15 | DATA0 — External data bus bit 0 (LSB) |
| Chân 16 | DATA1 — External data bus bit 1 |
| Chân 17 | DATA2 — External data bus bit 2 |
| Chân 18 | DATA3 — External data bus bit 3 |
| Chân 19 | DATA4 — External data bus bit 4 |
| Chân 20 | DATA5 — External data bus bit 5 |
| Chân 21 | DATA6 — External data bus bit 6 |
| Chân 22 | DATA7 — External data bus bit 7 |
| Chân 23 | DATA8 — External data bus bit 8 |
| Chân 24 | DATA9 — External data bus bit 9 |
| Chân 25 | DATA10 — External data bus bit 10 |
| Chân 26 | DATA11 — External data bus bit 11 |
| Chân 27 | DATA12 — External data bus bit 12 |
| Chân 28 | DATA13 — External data bus bit 13 |
| Chân 29 | DATA14 — External data bus bit 14 |
| Chân 30 | DATA15 — External data bus bit 15 |
| Chân 31 | DATA16 — External data bus bit 16 |
| Chân 32 | DATA17 — External data bus bit 17 |
| Chân 33 | DATA18 — External data bus bit 18 |
| Chân 34 | DATA19 — External data bus bit 19 |
| Chân 35 | DATA20 — External data bus bit 20 |
| Chân 36 | DATA21 — External data bus bit 21 |
| Chân 37 | DATA22 — External data bus bit 22 |
| Chân 38 | DATA23 — External data bus bit 23 |
| Chân 39 | DATA24 — External data bus bit 24 |
| Chân 40 | DATA25 — External data bus bit 25 |
| Chân 41 | DATA26 — External data bus bit 26 |
| Chân 42 | DATA27 — External data bus bit 27 |
| Chân 43 | DATA28 — External data bus bit 28 |
| Chân 44 | DATA29 — External data bus bit 29 |
| Chân 45 | DATA30 — External data bus bit 30 |
| Chân 46 | DATA31 — External data bus bit 31 (MSB) |
| Chân 47 | VDD — Logic supply (5.0 V) |
| Chân 48 | VSS — Logic ground |
| Chân 49 | XTAL — Crystal oscillator input |
| Chân 50 | EXTAL — External clock input or crystal |
| Chân 51 | CLKOUT — System clock output |
| Chân 52 | RESET — Active-low reset input |
| Chân 53 | HALT — Halt request input |
| Chân 54 | IRQ1 — Interrupt request 1 |
| Chân 55 | IRQ2 — Interrupt request 2 |
| Chân 56 | IRQ3 — Interrupt request 3 |
| Chân 57 | IRQ4 — Interrupt request 4 |
| Chân 58 | IRQ5 — Interrupt request 5 |
| Chân 59 | IRQ6 — Interrupt request 6 |
| Chân 60 | IRQ7 — Interrupt request 7 |
| Chân 61 | TPUCH0 — GPT/TPU channel 0 (timer I/O) |
| Chân 62 | TPUCH1 — GPT channel 1 |
| Chân 63 | TPUCH2 — GPT channel 2 |
| Chân 64 | TPUCH3 — GPT channel 3 |
| Chân 65 | QSPCS — QSM SPI chip-select (peripheral mode) |
| Chân 66 | QSPSCK — QSM SPI clock |
| Chân 67 | QSPSI — QSM SPI data in (slave) |
| Chân 68 | QSPMSO — QSM SPI data out (master) |
| Chân 69 | TXD — QSM SCI transmit data |
| Chân 70 | RXD — QSM SCI receive data |
| Chân 71 | VSS — Ground |
| Chân 72 | VDD — Logic supply |
| Chân 73 | PWMA — Pulse-width modulator output A (GPT) |
| Chân 74 | PWMB — Pulse-width modulator output B |
| Chân 75 | PWMC — Pulse-width modulator output C |
| Chân 76 | PWMD — Pulse-width modulator output D |
| Chân 77 | IC1 — Input capture 1 |
| Chân 78 | IC2 — Input capture 2 |
| Chân 79 | IC3 — Input capture 3 |
| Chân 80 | OC1 — Output compare 1 |
| Chân 81 | OC2 — Output compare 2 |
| Chân 82 | OC3 — Output compare 3 |
| Chân 83 | OC4 — Output compare 4 |
| Chân 84 | OC5 — Output compare 5 |
| Chân 85 | TIN — Timer clock input |
| Chân 86 | TOUT — Timer overflow output |
| Chân 87 | BGND — Background debug mode |
| Chân 88 | DSO — Debug serial output |
| Chân 89 | DSI — Debug serial input |
| Chân 90 | DSCLK — Debug serial clock |
| Chân 91 | BKPT — Breakpoint |
| Chân 92 | IFETCH — Instruction fetch indicator |
| Chân 93 | IPIPE — Instruction pipeline indicator |
| Chân 94 | FREEZE — Freeze output |
| Chân 95 | RMC — RMC low-power control |
| Chân 96 | LSTRB — Low-power strobe / standby |
| Chân 97 | ADDR0 — External address bus bit 0 (LSB) |
| Chân 98 | ADDR1 — External address bus bit 1 |
| Chân 99 | ADDR2 — External address bus bit 2 |
| Chân 100 | ADDR3 — External address bus bit 3 |
| Chân 101 | ADDR4 — External address bus bit 4 |
| Chân 102 | ADDR5 — External address bus bit 5 |
| Chân 103 | ADDR6 — External address bus bit 6 |
| Chân 104 | ADDR7 — External address bus bit 7 |
| Chân 105 | ADDR8 — External address bus bit 8 |
| Chân 106 | ADDR9 — External address bus bit 9 |
| Chân 107 | ADDR10 — External address bus bit 10 |
| Chân 108 | ADDR11 — External address bus bit 11 |
| Chân 109 | ADDR12 — External address bus bit 12 |
| Chân 110 | ADDR13 — External address bus bit 13 |
| Chân 111 | ADDR14 — External address bus bit 14 |
| Chân 112 | ADDR15 — External address bus bit 15 |
| Chân 113 | ADDR16 — External address bus bit 16 |
| Chân 114 | ADDR17 — External address bus bit 17 |
| Chân 115 | ADDR18 — External address bus bit 18 |
| Chân 116 | R/W — Read/Write indicator |
| Chân 117 | AS — Address strobe |
| Chân 118 | DS — Data strobe |
| Chân 119 | SIZ0 — Transfer size bit 0 |
| Chân 120 | SIZ1 — Transfer size bit 1 |
| Chân 121 | AVEC — Autovector request |
| Chân 122 | BERR — Bus error |
| Chân 123 | HALT — Halt (alt location) |
| Chân 124 | BR — Bus request |
| Chân 125 | BG — Bus grant |
| Chân 126 | BGACK — Bus grant acknowledge |
| Chân 127 | TSC — Three-state control |
| Chân 128 | VDD — Logic supply |
| Chân 129 | VSS — Logic ground |
| Chân 130 | MODCK — Mode clock / clock test |
| Chân 131 | DREQ0 — DMA request 0 |
| Chân 132 | DREQ1 — DMA request 1 |
| Chân 133 | DACK0 — DMA acknowledge 0 |
| Chân 134 | DACK1 — DMA acknowledge 1 |
| Chân 135 | DONEO — DMA done 0 |
| Chân 136 | DONEM — DMA done merged |
| Chân 137 | PORTE0 — GPIO port E bit 0 |
| Chân 138 | PORTE1 — GPIO port E bit 1 |
| Chân 139 | PORTE2 — GPIO port E bit 2 |
| Chân 140 | PORTE3 — GPIO port E bit 3 |
| Chân 141 | PORTE4 — GPIO port E bit 4 |
| Chân 142 | PORTE5 — GPIO port E bit 5 |
| Chân 143 | PORTE6 — GPIO port E bit 6 |
| Chân 144 | PORTE7 — GPIO port E bit 7 |
Ứng dụng tiêu biểu
MC68331CAG25 phù hợp cho 7 Áp dụngs: Automotive Body and Chassis Controllers, Industrial Motor Drives and Robotics, Process Control and Factory Automation, Embedded Communications Gateways, Industrial Test and Measurement, Medical Monitoring and Diagnostic Devices, Aerospace and UAV Avionics Modules.
Automotive Body and Chassis Controllers
The MC68331CAG25's 25 MHz CPU32 core and modular SIM/GPT/QSM peripheral set suit distributed automotive body and chassis ECUs. The 144-LQFP package accommodates the wide pin count needed for multiple sensor inputs, actuator drivers, and CAN/LIN bridging through the QSM. Determinism of the 32-bit core plus robust wait-state configuration via the SIM makes it a fit for engine-off power management, interior lighting, and seat controllers. Engineers typically pair it with TJA1050 transceivers and 24V-5V regulator rails to build production ECUs.
Được đề xuất
Industrial Motor Drives and Robotics
In industrial servo, stepper, and BLDC motor controllers, the MC68331CAG25's GPT module drives deterministic PWM generation while the QSM handles encoder feedback and host-side diagnostics. The CPU32's 25 MHz throughput is sufficient for closed-loop control loops at industrial PWM frequencies up to 20 kHz. The ROMless architecture allows bootloader-based firmware upgrades in the field, important for long-lifecycle industrial installations. Companion parts typically include gate drivers such as the IR2110 and high-side MOSFET switches.
Được đề xuất
Process Control and Factory Automation
Factory PLC controllers require deterministic 32-bit performance to scan I/O, run ladder/PID logic, and serve industrial protocols. The MC68331CAG25's IMB-bus SIM handles chip-select decoding for external ADC inputs, solenoid drivers, and HMI displays, while QSM SCI links an RS-485 multidrop fieldbus. Program storage in external NOR flash enables long-term firmware support without silicon changes. Designers appreciate the M68300 toolchain maturity for IEC 61131-3 soft-PLC implementations and device replacement.
Được đề xuất
Embedded Communications Gateways
Building protocol-conversion gateways (e.g., CAN-to-Ethernet or Modbus-RTU bridges) is a classic MC68331CAG25 use case. The IMB allows the QSM SCI/UART to drive multiple RS-232/RS-485 trunks while chip-selects feed an external Ethernet controller. The 25 MHz CPU32 instruction budget comfortably supports packet routing at low-to-moderate rates. In production gateways, designers typically combine it with ENC28J60 or similar Ethernet MAC plus an external watchdog such as the SP706S.
Được đề xuất
Industrial Test and Measurement
Test stands and bench instruments require deterministic data acquisition with reliable serial logging. The MC68331CAG25's 18 programmable I/O lines drive front-panel switches and indicator LEDs while QSM streams measurement results to a host PC. ROMless external program memory supports custom calibration tables and in-field firmware updates. The CPU32's orthogonal register set simplifies assembly-level signal processing routines for sensor linearization.
Được đề xuất
Medical Monitoring and Diagnostic Devices
Long-lifecycle medical instrumentation such as patient monitors and infusion pump controllers value the MC68331CAG25's documented history and stable M68300 toolchain. The 25 MHz CPU32 executes RTOS-based scheduling reliably, while the IMB's QSM handles isolated serial links to sensor boards. Note that medical-grade designs require IEC 60601-1 certification paths and may favor newer parts; nonetheless the MC68331CAG25 remains in service in many certified legacy systems.
Được đề xuất
Aerospace and UAV Avionics Modules
Sub-system avionics in UAVs and light aircraft include IMU conditioning and flight data recorders. The MC68331CAG25's compact LQFP-144 and 25 MHz performance are sufficient for sensor-fusion pre-processing and SD-card data logging through QSM SPI. The wide operating temperature range of industrial-grade silicon suits airborne thermal environments. Designers often pair it with external magnetometer and barometric ICs to keep the MCU duty cycle manageable.
Được đề xuất
Tóm tắt các sản phẩm được đề xuất
Dữ liệu tham khảo kỹ thuật cho MC68331CAG25 — so sánh, hướng dẫn thiết kế và thông tin tuân thủ.
Hướng dẫn chọn lựa
So sánh với các sản phẩm thay thế
| Tham số | Sản phẩm này | MC68331CEH25 | MC68331CEH16 | MC68331CAG16 | MC68332ACEH20 | MC68331CEH20 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Brand | NXP Semiconductors | NXP Semiconductors | NXP Semiconductors | NXP Semiconductors | NXP Semiconductors | NXP Semiconductors |
| Package | 144-LQFP (20x20 mm) | 144-LQFP (20x20) | 144-LQFP (20x20) | 144-LQFP (20x20) | QFP-132 (EH) | 144-LQFP (20x20) |
| Operating Frequency | 25 MHz | 25 MHz | 16 MHz | 16 MHz | 20 MHz | 20 MHz |
| Core | CPU32 | CPU32 | CPU32 | CPU32 | CPU32 | CPU32 |
| Timer Module | GPT | GPT | GPT | GPT | TPU | GPT |
| Serial Interface | QSM (SPI + SCI) | QSM | QSM | QSM | QSM | QSM |
| Program Memory | ROMless | ROMless | ROMless | ROMless | ROMless | ROMless |
| I/O Lines | 18 | 18 | 18 | 18 | 13 | 18 |
| Lifecycle Status | Last Time Buy | Last Time Buy | Last Time Buy | Last Time Buy | Last Time Buy | Last Time Buy |
Bảo phân biệt quan trọng
- 25 MHz CPU32 is the highest frequency grade in the standard LQFP-144 M68300 family (vsMC68331CEH20)
- GPT module is more flexible than the TPU for simple PWM tasks (vsMC68332ACEH20)
- LQFP-144 package is the most pin-rich variant of the M68300 family (vsMC68332ACEH20 (QFP-132 EH))
Ghi chú thiết kế
The MC68331CAG25 requires clean 5.0 V power with low-impedance decoupling on every VDD/VSS pair. Place 0.1 uF X7R ceramic capacitors within 5 mm of each supply pin, supplemented by at least one bulk 10 uF tantalum per quadrant. Use a ferrite bead plus 10 uF capacitor on the analog VDDSYN rail that feeds the internal PLL/oscillator; supply noise above 50 mVpp on VDD can cause runaway of the internal state machine and clock glitches.
The 144-LQFP package has 0.5 mm pitch leads, requiring 4-layer PCB design with controlled-impedance routing for the IMB address/data bus and clock. Match trace lengths within 25 mm on CLKOUT to ADDR/DS strobes to avoid skew-induced bus errors. Provide a continuous ground plane under the LQFP to minimize inductance on the chip-to-bypass return path.
Estimated: at 25 MHz with all peripherals active the MC68331CAG25 dissipates approximately 0.8 W in a typical 5.0 V application. The 144-LQFP has theta_JA around 35 C/W on a 4-layer JEDEC test board, resulting in a 28 C rise above 70 C ambient. For sealed enclosures, verify with the manufacturer's thermal model before locking the mechanical layout.
Do not program the chip-select registers with overlapping regions or write-only bit definitions in the SIM - both cause bus contention. Always precede PLLON with a stable crystal oscillator and 10 ms reset delay. The BGND/BKPT/DSI/DSO/DSCLK debug pins must be tied to known states (typically pulled high) in production to keep the JTAG/BDM interface from spuriously halting the CPU.
Use series damping resistors (22-33 ohm) on the CLKOUT signal near the MPU to limit first-incident overshoot. Stretch out the high-current data bus edge rates with 4.7 kohm pull-ups on the SIZ0/SIZ1/RW lines if long bus stubs are present. Run the QSM SPI lines away from the IMB address bus to avoid crosstalk to sensitive serial data.
Thông tin tuân thủ
Compliance certifications are not explicitly stated in the verified distributor or NXP page data; declare unknown as no source is provided. AEC-Q100 is not_applicable for this industrial part.