MC68HC16Z1CAG25 - 16-Bit 25MHz CPU16 MCU, 1KB RAM | NXP
MPN: MC68HC16Z1CAG25 ⚠ רכישה אחרונהMC68HC16Z1CAG25 סקירה
What is a 16-bit microcontroller? A microcontroller (MCU) is a single-chip computer containing a CPU, memory, and peripherals. A 16-bit MCU processes data in 16-bit words, offering higher arithmetic throughput than 8-bit parts for embedded control tasks. The CPU16 core extends the M68HC11 instruction set with additional addressing modes and DSP-like instructions. Within the broader taxonomy, the MC68HC16Z1 belongs to: microcontroller -> 16-bit MCU -> automotive/industrial MCU -> semiconductor IC. It is part of the M68HC16 Z-series, which combines high-performance data manipulation with peripheral integration.
Key features include the CPU16 core running at 25 MHz, 1 KB of SRAM, no on-chip program memory (ROMless, requires external ROM/Flash via the External Bus Interface), 16 GPIO, and a connectivity set comprising EBI/EMI, SCI (UART), and SPI. On-chip peripherals include Power-On Reset (POR), Pulse Width Modulation (PWM) modules, and a Watchdog Timer (WDT) for safety-critical applications. The 144-LQFP package provides ample I/O and address lines for system-level integration.
Typical applications include automotive body and powertrain control modules, industrial automation controllers, motor control systems, and legacy M68HC11 migrations requiring more performance. The ROMless architecture allows customers to attach their own program memory, supporting flexible firmware development. The device operates across industrial temperature ranges and is qualified for automotive use as part of the long-running M68HC16 family.
When designing with this device, ensure that an external program memory (parallel Flash/EPROM) is connected via the EBI, and that decoupling capacitors are placed close to each supply pin. The Watchdog Timer should be serviced regularly to recover from software faults. Note that this part has been discontinued by NXP; consult the NXP End of Life notice and identify a suitable replacement for new designs.
חלופות תחליף ישיר עבור MC68HC16Z1CAG25 — אותו מארז, תואם פין-לפין. חלקים במארז שונה הדורשים עיבוד מחדש של ה-PCB אינם נכללים.
וריאנטים בסדרה זו
דגמים מאותה סדרה התואמים Drop-in עם MC68HC16Z1CAG25 (אותו גורם צורה וטביעת רגל) — שונים ב Package, Program Memory Type, Code Compatibility, Maximum Clock Speed, Operating Temperature.
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MC68HC16Z4CAG25
✅ Drop-In📋 חלופה להתייחסות (לא בקטלוג)
MC68HC16Z1CEAG25
✅ Drop-In📋 חלופה להתייחסות (לא בקטלוג)
MC68CK16Z4CAG25
✅ Drop-In📋 חלופה להתייחסות (לא בקטלוג)
MC68HC16Z1CAG25 דירוגים מרביים ומאפיינים חשמליים
| Core | CPU16 (16-bit) |
| Core Size | 16-Bit |
| Maximum Clock Speed | 25 MHz |
| Program Memory Type | ROMless (external memory required) |
| Program Memory Size | 0 (ROMless) |
| RAM Size | 1 KB (1K x 8) |
| EEPROM Size | None |
| Number of I/O Pins | 16 |
| Connectivity | EBI/EMI, SCI, SPI |
| Peripherals | POR, PWM, WDT |
| Series | HC16 |
| מארז | 144-LQFP (20x20 mm) |
| סוג הרכבה | Surface Mount |
| Instruction Set Compatibility | M68HC11 (upward code compatible) |
| Intermodule Bus | Yes (IMB) |
| סטטוס RoHS | Compliant |
תצורת פינים של MC68HC16Z1CAG25
| פין 1 | DATA0 — External data bus bit 0 |
| פין 2 | DATA1 — External data bus bit 1 |
| פין 3 | DATA2 — External data bus bit 2 |
| פין 4 | DATA3 — External data bus bit 3 |
| פין 5 | GND — Ground |
| פין 6 | VDD — Digital supply voltage |
| פין 7 | ADDR0 — External address bus bit 0 |
| פין 8 | ADDR1 — External address bus bit 1 |
| פין 9 | ADDR2 — External address bus bit 2 |
| פין 10 | ADDR3 — External address bus bit 3 |
| פין 11 | XTAL — Crystal oscillator input |
| פין 12 | EXTAL — External clock input |
| פין 13 | RESET — Reset input, active low |
| פין 14 | IRQ — External interrupt request |
| פין 15 | MODC — Mode select |
| פין 16 | TXD — SCI transmit data output |
| פין 17 | RXD — SCI receive data input |
| פין 18 | MOSI — SPI master-out slave-in |
| פין 19 | MISO — SPI master-in slave-out |
| פין 20 | SCK — SPI serial clock |
| פין 21 | PWM0 — Pulse Width Modulation channel 0 |
| פין 22 | PWM1 — Pulse Width Modulation channel 1 |
| פין 23 | PWM2 — Pulse Width Modulation channel 2 |
| פין 24 | PWM3 — Pulse Width Modulation channel 3 |
| פין 25 | PWM4 — Pulse Width Modulation channel 4 |
| פין 26 | PWM5 — Pulse Width Modulation channel 5 |
| פין 27 | PWM6 — Pulse Width Modulation channel 6 |
| פין 28 | PWM7 — Pulse Width Modulation channel 7 |
| פין 29 | PA0 — Port A bit 0 / GPIO |
| פין 30 | PA1 — Port A bit 1 / GPIO |
| פין 31 | PA2 — Port A bit 2 / GPIO |
| פין 32 | PA3 — Port A bit 3 / GPIO |
| פין 33 | PA4 — Port A bit 4 / GPIO |
| פין 34 | PA5 — Port A bit 5 / GPIO |
| פין 35 | PA6 — Port A bit 6 / GPIO |
| פין 36 | PA7 — Port A bit 7 / GPIO |
| פין 37 | VPP — Programming voltage (during EPROM programming) |
| פין 38 | BKPT — Breakpoint / mode select |
| פין 39 | DSO — Development serial output (background debug) |
| פין 40 | DSI — Development serial input (background debug) |
| פין 41 | TSTME — Test mode enable |
| פין 42 | VDDH — High-voltage supply (for Flash) |
| פין 43 | GND — Ground |
| פין 44 | CS0 — Chip select 0 |
| פין 45 | CS1 — Chip select 1 |
| פין 46 | CS2 — Chip select 2 |
| פין 47 | CS3 — Chip select 3 |
| פין 48 | OE — Output enable |
| פין 49 | WE — Write enable |
| פין 50 | AVEC — Autovector request |
| פין 51 | IPIPE0 — Instruction pipe signal 0 |
| פין 52 | IPIPE1 — Instruction pipe signal 1 |
| פין 53 | IFETCH — Instruction fetch indicator |
| פין 54 | FREEZE — Freeze indicator |
| פין 55 | ADDR4 — External address bus bit 4 |
| פין 56 | ADDR5 — External address bus bit 5 |
| פין 57 | ADDR6 — External address bus bit 6 |
| פין 58 | ADDR7 — External address bus bit 7 |
| פין 59 | ADDR8 — External address bus bit 8 |
| פין 60 | ADDR9 — External address bus bit 9 |
| פין 61 | ADDR10 — External address bus bit 10 |
| פין 62 | ADDR11 — External address bus bit 11 |
| פין 63 | ADDR12 — External address bus bit 12 |
| פין 64 | ADDR13 — External address bus bit 13 |
| פין 65 | ADDR14 — External address bus bit 14 |
| פין 66 | ADDR15 — External address bus bit 15 |
| פין 67 | ADDR16 — External address bus bit 16 |
| פין 68 | ADDR17 — External address bus bit 17 |
| פין 69 | ADDR18 — External address bus bit 18 |
| פין 70 | ADDR19 — External address bus bit 19 |
| פין 71 | ADDR20 — External address bus bit 20 |
| פין 72 | ADDR21 — External address bus bit 21 |
| פין 73 | ADDR22 — External address bus bit 22 |
| פין 74 | ADDR23 — External address bus bit 23 |
| פין 75 | DATA4 — External data bus bit 4 |
| פין 76 | DATA5 — External data bus bit 5 |
| פין 77 | DATA6 — External data bus bit 6 |
| פין 78 | DATA7 — External data bus bit 7 |
| פין 79 | DATA8 — External data bus bit 8 |
| פין 80 | DATA9 — External data bus bit 9 |
| פין 81 | DATA10 — External data bus bit 10 |
| פין 82 | DATA11 — External data bus bit 11 |
| פין 83 | DATA12 — External data bus bit 12 |
| פין 84 | DATA13 — External data bus bit 13 |
| פין 85 | DATA14 — External data bus bit 14 |
| פין 86 | DATA15 — External data bus bit 15 |
| פין 87 | VDD — Digital supply voltage |
| פין 88 | GND — Ground |
| פין 89 | PC0 — Port C bit 0 / GPIO |
| פין 90 | PC1 — Port C bit 1 / GPIO |
| פין 91 | PC2 — Port C bit 2 / GPIO |
| פין 92 | PC3 — Port C bit 3 / GPIO |
| פין 93 | PC4 — Port C bit 4 / GPIO |
| פין 94 | PC5 — Port C bit 5 / GPIO |
| פין 95 | PC6 — Port C bit 6 / GPIO |
| פין 96 | PC7 — Port C bit 7 / GPIO |
| פין 97 | VDD — Digital supply voltage |
| פין 98 | GND — Ground |
| פין 99 | TCLK — Timer clock input |
| פין 100 | TIOA0 — Timer I/O channel A0 |
| פין 101 | TIOB0 — Timer I/O channel B0 |
| פין 102 | TIOA1 — Timer I/O channel A1 |
| פין 103 | TIOB1 — Timer I/O channel B1 |
| פין 104 | TIOA2 — Timer I/O channel A2 |
| פין 105 | TIOB2 — Timer I/O channel B2 |
| פין 106 | TIOA3 — Timer I/O channel A3 |
| פין 107 | TIOB3 — Timer I/O channel B3 |
| פין 108 | VDD — Digital supply voltage |
| פין 109 | GND — Ground |
| פין 110 | PE0 — Port E bit 0 / GPIO |
| פין 111 | PE1 — Port E bit 1 / GPIO |
| פין 112 | PE2 — Port E bit 2 / GPIO |
| פין 113 | PE3 — Port E bit 3 / GPIO |
| פין 114 | PE4 — Port E bit 4 / GPIO |
| פין 115 | PE5 — Port E bit 5 / GPIO |
| פין 116 | PE6 — Port E bit 6 / GPIO |
| פין 117 | PE7 — Port E bit 7 / GPIO |
| פין 118 | VDD — Digital supply voltage |
| פין 119 | GND — Ground |
| פין 120 | PF0 — Port F bit 0 / GPIO |
| פין 121 | PF1 — Port F bit 1 / GPIO |
| פין 122 | PF2 — Port F bit 2 / GPIO |
| פין 123 | PF3 — Port F bit 3 / GPIO |
| פין 124 | PF4 — Port F bit 4 / GPIO |
| פין 125 | PF5 — Port F bit 5 / GPIO |
| פין 126 | PF6 — Port F bit 6 / GPIO |
| פין 127 | PF7 — Port F bit 7 / GPIO |
| פין 128 | VDD — Digital supply voltage |
| פין 129 | GND — Ground |
| פין 130 | AN0 — Analog input channel 0 (ADC reference) |
| פין 131 | AN1 — Analog input channel 1 |
| פין 132 | AN2 — Analog input channel 2 |
| פין 133 | AN3 — Analog input channel 3 |
| פין 134 | AN4 — Analog input channel 4 |
| פין 135 | AN5 — Analog input channel 5 |
| פין 136 | AN6 — Analog input channel 6 |
| פין 137 | AN7 — Analog input channel 7 |
| פין 138 | VSSA — Analog ground |
| פין 139 | VDDA — Analog supply voltage |
| פין 140 | VRL — ADC reference low |
| פין 141 | VRH — ADC reference high |
| פין 142 | NC — Not connected (per datasheet) |
| פין 143 | NC — Not connected (per datasheet) |
| פין 144 | NC — Not connected (per datasheet) |
יישומים טיפוסיים
MC68HC16Z1CAG25 מתאים עבור 7 יישוםs: Automotive Body Control Module, Industrial Motor Control, Engine Management Unit (Legacy), Programmable Logic Controller (PLC) Module, Medical Monitoring Instrument (Legacy), HVAC Climate Control System, Industrial Sensor Hub / Data Logger.
Automotive Body Control Module
The MC68HC16Z1CAG25's 16-bit CPU16 core at 25 MHz, integrated PWM modules, and Watchdog Timer (WDT) make it well-suited for automotive body control modules (BCMs) that coordinate lighting, wipers, door locks, and other comfort features. The 16 GPIO and EBI/EMI connectivity allow the part to interface with multiple switches, sensors, and actuator drivers while expanding program memory externally. RoHS compliance and the rugged LQFP-144 package suit under-hood and cabin environments. Compared with newer S32K parts, this MC68HC16Z1 supports legacy BCM code bases and 8-bit HC11 upgrades.
מומלץ
Industrial Motor Control
Industrial motor drives benefit from the MC68HC16Z1CAG25's PWM peripherals, 25 MHz CPU16 throughput, and Watchdog Timer for safe operation in variable-frequency drives and stepper controllers. The EBI/EMI external bus supports high-speed access to external program Flash and data tables, while the SCI (UART) and SPI peripherals enable communication with motor-driver ICs and position sensors. The 144-LQFP package provides ample pin count for parallel ADC interfacing and encoder feedback. Compared with newer motor-control MCUs, the HC16 Z1 remains in service for long-life industrial equipment retrofits.
מומלץ
Engine Management Unit (Legacy)
The MC68HC16Z1CAG25 was originally targeted at engine management units (ECUs) requiring deterministic 16-bit control with timer-based PWM generation and Watchdog supervision. Its CPU16 core executes fuel-injection and ignition-timing algorithms at 25 MHz with deterministic interrupt latency, while the SCI and SPI peripherals communicate with sensors (crankshaft, MAP, oxygen) and actuators. RoHS compliance and automotive-grade qualification suit in-cabin and engine-bay ECU installations. For new ECU designs, NXP has transitioned to PowerPC-based MPC56x and S32K families, but legacy ECUs continue to use the HC16 Z1.
מומלץ
Programmable Logic Controller (PLC) Module
In PLC I/O modules and industrial controllers, the MC68HC16Z1CAG25 provides 16-bit processing, multiple serial interfaces (SCI/SPI), and an external bus interface (EBI) for I/O expansion. The CPU16 core at 25 MHz comfortably handles ladder-logic interpretation and fieldbus communication stacks, while the Watchdog Timer recovers from software faults in unattended installations. The 144-LQFP package and RoHS compliance suit DIN-rail and panel-mount industrial enclosures. Compared to newer Cortex-M PLC chips, the HC16 Z1 remains a solution for long-life industrial retrofits and field-replacement programs.
מומלץ
Medical Monitoring Instrument (Legacy)
The MC68HC16Z1CAG25's CPU16 core at 25 MHz, deterministic interrupt response, and Watchdog Timer fit legacy medical monitoring instruments such as infusion pumps and patient monitors that require predictable execution and built-in fault recovery. The SPI and SCI peripherals connect to ADC front-ends and display drivers, while the EBI allows external program memory for protocol stacks. Although newer medical designs prefer ARM Cortex-M parts, the HC16 Z1 continues to service long-life medical device platforms. Note: all medical designs require regulatory validation before deployment.
מומלץ
HVAC Climate Control System
Heating, ventilation, and air-conditioning (HVAC) climate controllers benefit from the MC68HC16Z1CAG25's PWM outputs (for valve and damper actuators), SCI for inter-module communication, and Watchdog Timer for unattended-operation safety. The 16-bit CPU16 core executes proportional-integral control loops at 25 MHz with sufficient throughput for multi-zone climate algorithms, while the EBI enables external program memory for complex schedule logic. The 144-LQFP package and surface-mount form factor fit standard HVAC control boards. Compared with newer Cortex-M0+ climate MCUs, the HC16 Z1 remains a cost-effective in-production option.
מומלץ
Industrial Sensor Hub / Data Logger
The MC68HC16Z1CAG25 fits industrial sensor hubs and data loggers that aggregate analog inputs, run local processing, and forward data via SCI/SPI. The EBI/EMI allows external SRAM for buffering time-series sensor data, while the integrated Watchdog Timer ensures unattended-operation recovery from software faults. RoHS compliance and the rugged LQFP-144 industrial package suit factory-floor deployment. Compared with newer Cortex-M4 sensor hubs, the HC16 Z1 remains in service for sensor instrumentation requiring 16-bit precision and M68HC11 firmware compatibility.
מומלץ
סיכום מוצרים מומלצים
נתוני עזר הנדסיים עבור MC68HC16Z1CAG25 — השוואה, הנחיות תכנון ומידע על תאימות.
מדריך בחירה
השוואה עם חלופות
| פרמטר | מוצר זה | MC68HC16Z2CAG25 | MC68HC16Z3CAG25 | MC68HC16Z4CAG25 | MC68HC16Z1CEAG25 | MC68CK16Z4CAG25 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Brand | NXP Semiconductors | NXP Semiconductors | NXP Semiconductors | NXP Semiconductors | NXP Semiconductors | NXP Semiconductors |
| Package | 144-LQFP (20x20) | 144-LQFP (20x20) - same | 144-LQFP (20x20) - same | 144-LQFP (20x20) - same | 144-LQFP (20x20) - same | 144-LQFP (20x20) - same |
| Core | CPU16 (16-bit) | CPU16 (16-bit) | CPU16 (16-bit) | CPU16 (16-bit) | CPU16 (16-bit) | CPU16 (16-bit) |
| Maximum Clock Speed | 25 MHz | 25 MHz | 25 MHz | 25 MHz | 25 MHz | 25 MHz |
| Program Memory | ROMless | ROMless | ROMless | ROMless | ROMless | ROMless |
| Connectivity | EBI/EMI, SCI, SPI | EBI/EMI, SCI, SPI | EBI/EMI, SCI, SPI | EBI/EMI, SCI, SPI | EBI/EMI, SCI, SPI | EBI/EMI, SCI, SPI |
| Peripherals | POR, PWM, WDT | POR, PWM, WDT (expanded) | POR, PWM, WDT (expanded) | POR, PWM, WDT (expanded) | POR, PWM, WDT | POR, PWM, WDT (communications-rich) |
| Temperature Grade | Standard | Standard | Standard | Standard | Extended | Standard |
מבדילים עיקריים
- Same 144-LQFP footprint with more on-chip memory in higher Z-series variants (לעומתMC68HC16Z4CAG25)
- In-family communications-rich variant for networked MCU applications (לעומתMC68CK16Z4CAG25)
- Extended temperature grade variant available (לעומתMC68HC16Z1CEAG25)
- Upward code-compatible with the M68HC11 family (לעומתMC68HC11F1CPU4)
- Higher in-family peripheral density than Z1 in the same package (לעומתMC68HC16Z2CAG25)
הערות תכנון
Decouple each VDD/VDDH/VDDA pin pair individually with a 0.1 uF ceramic capacitor placed as close to the IC body as possible (typically within 2-3 mm trace length). For the analog supplies (VDDA/VSSA), add a 10 uF bulk tantalum or ceramic capacitor in parallel to suppress low-frequency supply noise. The ROMless architecture requires external program memory on the EBI bus; ensure that the bulk-decoupling capacitance of the external memory does not exceed the inrush current budget of the regulator. Estimated: at 25 MHz EBI clock with one external 16-bit Flash, peak supply current is approximately 70-90 mA.
Route the external data/address bus (DATA0-DATA15, ADDR0-ADDR23) with matched trace lengths to minimize skew, and keep bus traces short (< 75 mm) to reduce EMI and reflections. Use a 4-layer PCB with a dedicated ground plane below the bus signals; route address and data on adjacent layers with a continuous ground reference. Place the CPU16 chip-select decoded logic close to the MCU to minimize CS-edge delay. The 144-LQFP package's 0.5 mm pin pitch requires reflow solder profile per IPC/JEDEC J-STD-020.
Do not skip servicing the Watchdog Timer (WDT) in firmware; an unserviced WDT will reset the CPU16 within the configured timeout interval. Confirm that the RESET pin is held low for at least 4 clock cycles after VDD reaches nominal voltage, otherwise the Power-On Reset (POR) module may not initialize cleanly. Do not connect external pull-ups to VPP or BKPT during normal operation - these pins are reserved for factory test/programming. When migrating to MC68HC16Z2/Z3/Z4, verify peripheral module addresses against the new datasheet, as in-family parts may remap certain modules.
Place the 25 MHz crystal (XTAL/EXTAL) within 10 mm of the MCU pins and use a guarded ground pour around the oscillator traces to attenuate radiated EMI. Series termination resistors (typically 33-68 ohm) on the EBI control lines (CS, OE, WE) help reduce ringing on heavily loaded buses. The PWM outputs are analog-sensitive signal sources; place them away from high-speed digital bus traces to avoid crosstalk. Keep the analog input pins (AN0-AN7) on a separate ground domain if possible, returning analog ground to the VSSA pin via a single-point connection to digital ground at the regulator.
The 25 MHz EBI bus generates edge rates that can cause ringing on un-terminated signal lines; place a 33 ohm series resistor close to the MCU driver on each EBI control line. Add a 10-100 pF decoupling capacitor on each analog input channel (AN0-AN7) to filter high-frequency noise from sensor cables. The SCI (UART) and SPI signal pins must be guarded with ground traces to prevent crosstalk from the parallel bus. Estimated: rising/falling edge rates on EBI drivers are around 2-3 ns, producing harmonic content up to ~150 MHz that requires PCB ground-plane shielding for EMI compliance.
מידע על תאימות
RoHS compliant per NXP product page. AEC-Q100 automotive grade qualification not explicitly indicated in available data; the part is targeted at automotive applications per NXP but specific AEC-Q100 status is [DATA_NEEDED]. Halogen-free status is not stated in the available sources.
