PIC16F1784-I/ML - 8-Bit MCU, 7KB Flash, 12-bit ADC, 44-QFN | Microchip
MPN: PIC16F1784-I/ML β Active| Qty | Unit Price | Extended |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | $4.1 | $4.10 |
| 10 | $3.65 | $36.50 |
| 100 | $3.12 | $312.00 |
| 500 | $2.78 | $1,390.00 |
| 1,000 | $2.45 | $2,450.00 |
PIC16F1784-I/ML Overview
The PIC16F1784 belongs to the PIC16 (L)F178x family, a class of 8-bit microcontrollers (PIC microcontrollers -> 8-bit MCU -> microcontroller -> embedded processor) built on an enhanced mid-range RISC core. These MCUs combine a Harvard-architecture CPU, on-chip non-volatile Flash, and rich mixed-signal peripherals, making them a standard building block for cost-sensitive embedded designs. The XLP variants add nanoWatt technology for battery-powered applications.
Key features include 14-channel 12-bit ADC with computation, two 8-bit DACs, three op-amps, two high-speed comparators (50 ns response), three 16-bit timers, two 8-bit timers, EUSART, two SPI, two I2C, PSMC peripheral, 36 digital I/O pins, and on-chip 32 MHz internal oscillator. The 44-QFN package supports industrial temperature range (-40C to +85C for the -I suffix) and provides excellent thermal dissipation for high-performance analog front-ends.
The PSMC (Programmable Switch Mode Controller) is a distinctive peripheral that generates precision PWM with programmable dead-band, slope compensation, and current-reset modes - making this MCU well-suited for driving power converters. The integrated 12-bit ADC with computation handles oversampling, averaging, and threshold comparisons in hardware, reducing CPU load.
Typical applications include industrial sensor signal conditioning, power-converter primary-side control, LED drivers, battery management with coulomb counting, motor control stages, and precision instrumentation. The XLP nanoWatt technology supports sleep currents below 50 nA for IoT edge nodes.
When designing with this device, use MPLAB X IDE and the XC8 compiler. Decouple AVDD and AVSS with 100 nF ceramic capacitors placed close to the pin, and isolate analog/digital grounds at a single star point to preserve 12-bit ADC accuracy.
This page synthesizes distributor pricing, drop-in alternative MPNs, and practical PCB/thermal design notes not consolidated on a single manufacturer datasheet.
Drop-in alternatives for PIC16F1784-I/ML β same package, pin-to-pin compatible. Different-package parts requiring PCB rework are excluded.
Variants in this series
Same-series models that are drop-in compatible with PIC16F1784-I/ML (same form factor and footprint) β differing in Package, ADC, DAC, Operating Temperature, Comparators.
Quick Comparison Tool β Select alternative parts for side-by-side comparison:
PIC16F1779-I/ML
β Drop-Inπ Reference alternative (not in catalog)
PIC16F1776-I/ML
β Drop-Inπ Reference alternative (not in catalog)
PIC16F1764-I/ML
β Drop-Inβ In Stock
$0.87 / Unit
View Datasheet βPIC16F1783-I/ML
β Drop-Inπ Reference alternative (not in catalog)
PIC16F18855-I/ML
β Drop-Inπ Reference alternative (not in catalog)
PIC16F15356-I/ML
β Drop-Inβ In Stock
$1.18 / Unit
View Datasheet βPIC16F1784-I/ML Maximum Ratings & Electrical Characteristics
| Core Architecture | Enhanced Mid-Range 8-bit PIC (Harvard RISC) |
| Program Memory (Flash) | 7 KB (4K x 14 words) |
| RAM | 512 B |
| EEPROM | 256 B |
| Maximum CPU Frequency | 32 MHz (8 MIPS) |
| Operating Voltage (VDD) | 2.3 V to 5.5 V |
| ADC | 12-bit, 14 channels, with Computation (ADC2) |
| DAC | 8-bit, 2 channels |
| Operational Amplifiers | 3 on-chip |
| Comparators | 2 with 50 ns response time |
| PSMC | Programmable Switch Mode Controller, 16-bit PWM |
| Digital I/O Pins | 36 |
| Timers | 3x 16-bit, 2x 8-bit |
| Communication Interfaces | EUSART, 2x SPI, 2x I2C |
| Package | 44-pin QFN (8x8 mm) - ML suffix |
| Operating Temperature | -40C to +85C (Industrial -I grade) |
| Mounting Type | Surface Mount |
| RoHS Status | Compliant |
| MSL Level | 3 (168 hours) |
PIC16F1784-I/ML Pin Configuration
| Pin 1 | RA5 β General-purpose I/O / analog input |
| Pin 2 | RA4 β General-purpose I/O |
| Pin 3 | RA3 β General-purpose I/O / analog input |
| Pin 4 | RC5 β General-purpose I/O |
| Pin 5 | RC4 β General-purpose I/O |
| Pin 6 | RC3 β General-purpose I/O / SPI/I2C |
| Pin 7 | RC2 β General-purpose I/O / analog input |
| Pin 8 | RC1 β General-purpose I/O / analog input |
| Pin 9 | RC0 β General-purpose I/O / analog input |
| Pin 10 | VSS β Ground |
| Pin 11 | RA2 β General-purpose I/O / analog input / DAC1 |
| Pin 12 | RA1 β General-purpose I/O / analog input / DAC2 |
| Pin 13 | RA0 β General-purpose I/O / analog input |
| Pin 14 | VDD β Positive supply voltage |
| Pin 15 | AVSS β Analog ground |
| Pin 16 | AVDD β Analog positive supply |
| Pin 17 | RB7 β General-purpose I/O |
| Pin 18 | RB6 β General-purpose I/O / ICSP clock |
| Pin 19 | RB5 β General-purpose I/O / ICSP data |
| Pin 20 | RB4 β General-purpose I/O |
| Pin 21 | RC7 β General-purpose I/O |
| Pin 22 | RC6 β General-purpose I/O |
| Pin 23 | RB3 β General-purpose I/O |
| Pin 24 | RB2 β General-purpose I/O |
| Pin 25 | RB1 β General-purpose I/O / analog input |
| Pin 26 | RB0 β General-purpose I/O / analog input |
| Pin 27 | VSS β Ground |
| Pin 28 | VDD β Positive supply voltage |
| Pin 29 | RA7 β General-purpose I/O / oscillator |
| Pin 30 | RA6 β General-purpose I/O / oscillator |
| Pin 31 | RC8 β General-purpose I/O |
| Pin 32 | RC9 β General-purpose I/O |
| Pin 33 | RC10 β General-purpose I/O |
| Pin 34 | RC11 β General-purpose I/O |
| Pin 35 | RC12 β General-purpose I/O |
| Pin 36 | RB8 β General-purpose I/O |
| Pin 37 | RB9 β General-purpose I/O |
| Pin 38 | RB10 β General-purpose I/O |
| Pin 39 | RB11 β General-purpose I/O |
| Pin 40 | RB12 β General-purpose I/O |
| Pin 41 | RB13 β General-purpose I/O |
| Pin 42 | RB14 β General-purpose I/O |
| Pin 43 | RB15 β General-purpose I/O |
| Pin 44 | MCLR β Master clear reset (active-low) |
Typical Applications
PIC16F1784-I/ML is suitable for 6 applications: Industrial Sensor Signal Conditioning, Primary-Side Power Converter Control, Battery-Powered IoT Edge Node, Precision Instrumentation and Data Acquisition, LED Lighting and CC/CV Driver Control, Automotive Body and Sensor Modules.
Industrial Sensor Signal Conditioning
The PIC16F1784-I/ML's integrated 12-bit ADC with computation engine and three on-chip op-amps make it ideal for industrial sensor signal-conditioning front-ends. The op-amps provide instrument-amplifier configurations for thermocouples and strain gauges, while the ADC2 hardware handles oversampling and averaging without CPU load. With 14 analog channels and 36 digital I/O, the PIC16F1784-I/ML can multiplex multiple sensors while operating from a single 5 V or 3.3 V rail in noisy industrial environments.
Recommended
Primary-Side Power Converter Control
The PIC16F1784-I/ML integrates the PSMC (Programmable Switch Mode Controller) peripheral that generates precision PWM with programmable dead-band, slope compensation, and current-reset modes - replacing dedicated PWM controller ICs. Its 50 ns comparators provide sub-microsecond cycle-by-cycle current limiting for flyback, boost, and SEPIC converters. This design achieves closed-loop regulation with 12-bit ADC feedback and reduces BOM cost by integrating MCU + PWM controller into one 44-QFN device.
Recommended
Battery-Powered IoT Edge Node
The PIC16F1784-I/ML's XLP (eXtreme Low Power) nanoWatt technology with 50 nA Deep Sleep current and 2.3 V minimum VDD make it ideal for battery-powered IoT edge nodes. The MCU can run intermittently on a duty-cycled schedule with periodic ADC readings from environmental sensors and EUSART/SPI transmission, achieving multi-year operation on a CR2032 coin cell. The integrated 8-bit dual DAC enables local actuator control without external components.
Recommended
Precision Instrumentation and Data Acquisition
The PIC16F1784-I/ML's 12-bit ADC with oversampling capability achieves effective 14-16 bit resolution in measurement applications, suitable for weigh scales, panel meters, and laboratory instruments. The on-chip computation engine performs moving averages, peak detection, and threshold comparisons in hardware, freeing CPU for display and communication tasks. With SPI/I2C interfaces, the MCU easily connects to external ADCs, DACs, and TFT displays for compact bench instruments.
Recommended
LED Lighting and CC/CV Driver Control
The PIC16F1784-I/ML's PSMC peripheral drives constant-current LED drivers with smooth PWM dimming from 0-100%. Its 8-bit DACs provide analog dimming reference while the 12-bit ADC monitors LED current and temperature for thermal foldback protection. The integrated op-amps condition current-sense signals without external components. This design fits commercial LED drivers, architectural lighting, and horticulture LEDs where compact mixed-signal control is needed.
Recommended
Automotive Body and Sensor Modules
While the -I industrial grade targets -40C to +85C, the PIC16F1784 family also includes -E (extended -40C to +125C) variants suitable for under-hood and cabin automotive applications. The PSMC controls small motor drivers for HVAC flaps and headlight leveling, while the 12-bit ADC reads sensor inputs. The integrated EUSART, SPI, and I2C interfaces connect to LIN transceivers and CAN bus controllers for body control modules.
Recommended
Recommended Products Summary
Engineering reference data for PIC16F1784-I/ML β comparison, design guidance, and compliance information.
Selection Guide
Comparison with Alternatives
| Parameter | This Product | PIC16F1779-I/ML | PIC16F1776-I/ML | PIC16F1764-I/ML | PIC16F18855-I/ML | PIC16F15356-I/ML |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Package | 44-QFN (8x8 mm) | 44-QFN (8x8 mm) - same | 44-QFN (8x8 mm) - same | 44-QFN (8x8 mm) - same | 44-QFN (8x8 mm) - same | 44-QFN (8x8 mm) - same |
| Brand | Microchip Technology | Microchip Technology | Microchip Technology | Microchip Technology | Microchip Technology | Microchip Technology |
| Flash Memory | 7 KB | 28 KB | 7 KB | 4 KB | 14 KB | 28 KB |
| RAM | 512 B | 1.5 KB | 512 B | 512 B | 1 KB | 2 KB |
| ADC Resolution | 12-bit | 12-bit | 12-bit | 10-bit | 12-bit | 10-bit |
| On-chip Op-Amps | 3 | 3 | 2 | 1 | 3 | 0 |
| PSMC Peripheral | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | No (uses CCP) | No |
| Operating Voltage | 2.3 V to 5.5 V | 2.3 V to 5.5 V | 2.3 V to 5.5 V | 2.3 V to 5.5 V | 2.3 V to 5.5 V | 2.3 V to 5.5 V |
| CPU Frequency | 32 MHz | 32 MHz | 32 MHz | 32 MHz | 32 MHz | 32 MHz |
Key Differentiators
- Integrated 3 op-amps and 50 ns comparators in 44-QFN (vs PIC16F1764-I/ML)
- 12-bit ADC with hardware computation engine (vs PIC16F15356-I/ML)
- PSMC peripheral for direct power-converter control (vs PIC16F18855-I/ML)
Design Notes
Decouple AVDD with a 100 nF ceramic capacitor placed within 5 mm of the AVDD pin, and tie AVDD to the same regulated rail as VDD through a ferrite bead for noise isolation. Star-ground AVDD/AVSS to digital ground at a single point near the MCU to preserve 12-bit ADC accuracy. The QFN-44 central exposed pad must be soldered to a copper ground pour with multiple thermal vias for heat dissipation.
For battery-powered designs using XLP nanoWatt mode, configure the MCU for Deep Sleep with full RAM retention to achieve 50 nA quiescent current. Use the RTC with 32 kHz external crystal as the wake source for periodic ADC sampling. VDD should be decoupled with 100 nF + 10 uF bulk capacitors to handle transient load steps when the CPU wakes from sleep.
When using the 12-bit ADC with oversampling, ensure analog input source impedance is below 2 kOhm to avoid charge-sharing errors in the sample-and-hold capacitor. Add an external buffer op-amp for high-impedance sensors. The 12-bit ADC's effective ENOB is typically 10-11 bits in real applications - design firmware filters accordingly. Use ADC2 hardware computation for oversampling to reduce CPU overhead.
Do not float MCLR pin when ICSP programming is not used - tie it to VDD through a 10 kOhm pull-up to prevent spurious resets. The PSMC peripheral output pins are multiplexed with GPIO; ensure alternate-function configuration in firmware before driving PWM waveforms. When migrating from PIC16F88x to PIC16F178x, verify that the 16-bit timer configuration registers are updated - register addresses differ.
Compliance Information
RoHS and REACH compliant per Microchip product page. The -I industrial temperature variant (-40C to +85C) is not AEC-Q100 qualified - for automotive designs use -E extended temperature variant with PPAP documentation
